Video Sharing

يتمحور الهدف الرئيسي لهذه الدراسة في رصد وتحليل وتفسير أهداف وأبعاد وتوجهات الحضور الافتراضي لأهل الصعيد على منصة التيك توك من أجل الكشف عن ملامح وسمات وخصائص التعبير عن مفردات وعناصر هويتهم الاجتماعية والثقافية من خلال مقاطع الفيديو التي يقومون بإنتاجها ونشرها وتداولها على التطبيق، وعن طريق استغلالهم لكافة العناصر اللغوية والفنية والتعبيرية التي يتيحها التطبيق وتسهم في بناء وتشكيل هويتهم الرقمية على المنصة. انطلقت الدراسة من مدخل حديث في دراسة العمليات الاتصالية والتفاعلية على الإنترنت، وهو ما يعرف بنموذج "الهوية الاجتماعية لتأثيرات التماهي في الجماعة"، والذي يستخدم بهدف تفسير طرق تقديم مستخدمي الإنترنت لأنفسهم في إطار المجتمعات الافتراضية على مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي. وتمت الاستعانة بمدخل تحليلي متكامل يضم: تحليل المضمون الكمي، والتحليل الكيفي للخطاب متعدد الوسائط، والملاحظة بالمشاركة من أجل تحليل 400 مقطع فيديو على 20 صفحة تابعة لأهل الصعيد، إلى جانب المشاركة في 60 ساعة من لقاءات البث الحي التي يقوم بها أصحاب هذه الصفحات. أظهرت النتائج أنه على الرغم من اتجاه معظم الفيديوهات للتعبير عن الجوانب الفردية والشخصية من الهوية، إلا أن العناصر الثقافية في المضمون كانت أكثر بروزا فيما يتعلق باللغة المستخدمة، وطبيعة اللقطات، ومواقع التصوير، والموسيقى المستخدمة، والنصوص المكتوبة على الشاشة. كما اتسمت لقاءات اللايف مع المتابعين بنكهة ثقافية من حيث الزي التقليدي، ولهجة الحديث، والأغنيات المصاحبة للبث، وطبيعة وقوالب فيديوهات اللايف نفسها. وتعكس نتائج الدراسة ضرورة دراسة المحتوى الذي ينتجه المستخدمون من منظور اجتماعي وثقافي يكشف عن أبعاد عملية تشكيل الهوية الرقمية على الإنترنت.

Mediatizing the old personal home videos and customizing the modern reality-based television shows, YouTube home vlogging emerged as a successful embodiment of the fading-away frontiers between the private and the public in the new media era. Exploiting the affordability, accessibility, and portability of the video production equipment along with the participatory and interactive nature of the Web 2, several Egyptian spouses have initiated their own household video channels, revealing various aspects of what was previously known as their private life. This study explores the Egyptian users' (viewers') perceptions of this new "homecasting" practice and their attitudes towards the content and its creators through a cultural reception analysis lens. Qualitative Thematic Analysis was employed to detect the salient themes and general valence of the users› comments on a sample of videos from two of the users' comments "Ahemd Hassan & Zeinab" and "Diaries of Hamdy & Wafaa." Most of the viewers showed favorable attitudes towards the content, and tones of comments were mostly supportive and defensive of the creators, indicating an accepting approach to the homebased vlogging phenomenon. Comments featured both negative and positive themes but lacked the potential for creating a productive social debate.

Viral video advertising is one of the effective tools used by brands to optimise social media presence. Marketers aim to create content that induce viewers to like, comment, and share videos, which ultimately increases brand presence. This study covers various aspects of emotional appeal and their impact on high video virality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with creative professionals from advertising agencies and production studios to explore the role of emotional appeal, which influences large numbers of people to like, comment, and share videos. This study provides insights on how video virality is influenced by a particular aspect(s) of emotional appeal and helps professionals in viral video creation.

In today's global marketplace employee knowledge is seen as a crucial asset for organisations, which enables them to gain a sustainable competitive edge over competitors. Much of the knowledge generated during New Product Development (NPD) and NPD testing can be categorised as tacit knowledge, developed from employees' personal experiences and perceptions during Product Development (PD) projects; this makes it more difficult to capture and document for future sharing. This research explores whether storytelling and video sharing tools are capable of facilitating the capture and sharing of employee knowledge during the PD cycle. It also considers the creation of a knowledge framework that is directly driven by the knowledge user, providing both knowledge direction and content.

This study examines the factors influencing consumer intention to watch online video ads, by applying the theory of reasoned action. The attitude toward watching online video ads, the subjective norm, and prior frequency of watching online video ads positively influence the intention to watch online video ads. Further, beliefs held about entertainment and information outcomes from watching online video ads and subjective norm influence attitude toward watching these ads.

Look! Our baby is taking her first steps!" Parents with a newborn baby are enthusiastic about recording every "moment" of their baby's development: when they first roll over, the first words of babbling, the first steps, the first cold, the first solid food, etc. Recording with video is one of the best ways to capture the vivid moments of a baby's growth. Parents have a desire to document these moments so that they and the baby might reminisce in the future; in addition, they also want to share their baby's amazing moment with family. The new parents' parents and siblings also have a desire to see and get to know this new family member. This desire that parents have to share and the extended family's wish to consume video moments supports the construction of family and creates a sense of togetherness for extended families, particularly those who live far apart. We see this desire as an opportunity for new products and services that help families embrace their newest members through electronic sharing. We initiated a user-centered design project to investigate the opportunities to support the new parents and their sibling for better sharing and access to baby videos. To meet their desire of sharing baby videos, we have designed "BaVio"-a new video platform that integrated into the mobile, web and TV system providing better access to their baby videos at home and outdoors. A BaVio service provides reliable web space for parents to upload videos and distribute to the registered families. Also supporting TV system to watch and create comments especially for the new parents' parents. This design solution will support them to enrich the emotional connection and togetherness with the newest members by convenient sharing, commenting and accessing to videos.

When I conceptualised the Sisters of the Screen project as a book and film, I envisioned an “imagined community” of kindred spirits, a “sisterhood” where the screen was their ultimate point of convergence. The screen is where their images are read; whether it’s a movie screen, television set, video monitor, computer screen, tablet or mobile phone, for a director, producer, film festival organiser, actor, critic or spectator the screen is the ultimate site where the moving image is viewed, interpreted and understood. With the phenomenal development of screen culture as a result of the digital turn, I return to the “screen” as a conceptual framework that integrates screen media, and their associated devices and technologies; hence, the concept “African women of the screen” as the organising principle. This report examines the impact of the digital turn on African women of the screen, how their cinematic gaze has evolved, developed and transformed with the evolution of new technologies...

The importance of brand equity has been realised in recent times and the vast growth of social media users has reached many companies to use of such spaces to reach out to their customers and boost their brand communications. A social media has evolved as one of marketing tool to engage with customers however the studies regarding benefit for health care facility brand are not much reported. The present study focuses on how social media communication as well as word of mouth affect people perception towards brand hence brand image and brand equity. We investigated 200 social media users by using a standardized survey at one of health care facilities. Here, the samples were collected using non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis used the structural equation modelling technique to investigate the interplay of firm-created, user-generated social media communication and word of mouth. The empirical result indicated both social media communi...

Abstract: A number of collaboration tools has been released since the last few years. This paper presents a platform, namely 6Napse, dedicated to enterprise collaboration. The goal of this platform is to provide an intuitive, social and collaborative platform to enterprises. 6Napse is developed on the basis of the social network and collaboration-centric concepts, whereas most of the current available platforms are focused on data or users. Collaboration in 6Napse will involve at least two people from different enterprises. The platform itself provides several native services that the members can use in order to work with others for a specific purpose. The objective of this paper is to describe in detail the concepts of 6Napse and the functionalities proposed in the platform. A graphical user interface as well as the technologies used for developing the platform will be also presented.

Many companies have been using lessons learned practices as one of their key knowledge management initiatives to capitalize on past experiences. For product development companies, learning from product lifecycle phases gives a true competitive advantage to improve the next generation of products. However, companies are still struggling in capturing and sharing lessons learned and applying them in new situations. Based on this consideration, the paper proposes a video-based approach-using social media technologies-as a way to leverage continuous capturing and sharing lessons learned from product lifecycle phases to design practices. The paper presents the findings of a case study within the aerospace industry, which investigates the current industrial practices with regard to experience feedback, and illustrates the implementation of a video-based approach. Further, the conceptual mock-up of video-based lessons learned sharing portal and its social platform that are aimed to support the design practices are illustrated.

In recent years, product development activities are becoming increasingly complex. The ability to continuously learn from experience and improve existing business processes has become an important competitive strategy for many manufacturing companies. Many companies have established lessons learned practices as one of the key knowledge management efforts for the collection and dissemination of experiences in the form of lessons learned. However, according to the literature, many companies are still struggling not only to collect meaningful lessons learned, but also to reuse them in new situations. To address these challenges, a research study has conducted in the aerospace industry in collaboration with two manufacturing companies. The purpose of the study is to identify the potential barriers in the lessons learned practices in the context of a complex product development. The study identified several challenges in the lessons learned practice, which were mainly grouped into ten barriers. Finally, based on barriers, this paper outlined relevant recommendations for improving lessons learned practices in complex product development environments.

Nowadays more and more marketing practitioners and researchers are interested in online video advertisement because of its potential to create viral effects. Online video advertisement possesses branding characteristics of TV Ads as well as the interactivity of the internet. Built upon identity theory and expanded Traditional Advertising Model, this study aims to examine the antecedents of message self-expressiveness and attitude toward the ads, also its implications towards the intention to share online video advertisement. An empirical analysis is conducted through a structural equation model using online survey data of 101 digital native YouTube viewers. The result of structural model estimation shows the positive impact of self-brand congruity and entertainment value toward message self-expressiveness, while the relationship of product category involvement toward message self-expressiveness is not confirmed in this research. This research also demonstrated the positive influence...

Abstract: A number of collaboration tools has been released since the last few years. This paper presents a platform, namely 6Napse, dedicated to enterprise collaboration. The goal of this platform is to provide an intuitive, social and collaborative platform to enterprises. 6Napse is developed on the basis of the social network and collaboration-centric concepts, whereas most of the current available platforms are focused on data or users. Collaboration in 6Napse will involve at least two people from different enterprises. The platform itself provides several native services that the members can use in order to work with others for a specific purpose. The objective of this paper is to describe in detail the concepts of 6Napse and the functionalities proposed in the platform. A graphical user interface as well as the technologies used for developing the platform will be also presented.

Les traductions relatives aux parcours professionnels des officiers dans ces trois pays sont source de difficultés et donc d’erreurs, les glossaires existants n’apportant qu’une aide limitée. L’étude qui se veut une aide à la traduction s’est appuyée sur l’expérience d’officier de réserve des auteurs et sur la documentation disponible sur internet. Selon des modes de recrutement variables car liés au système éducatif du pays, les parcours-types peuvent être les suivants : La formation initiale est de trois ans en France, quatre ans aux États-Unis et un an au Royaume-Uni. La formation intermédiaire préparant au rôle de commandant d’unité tenu pas des capitaines (France et États-Unis) ou commandants (majors au Royaume-Uni) est partout de quelques mois. La formation supérieure s’adressant à des officiers supérieurs (commandant, lieutenant-colonel, colonel) comporte des cycles de quelques mois à une année souvent associés à d’autres enseignements. Le commandement d’un régiment ou d’une ...

This study investigated the undergraduates’ embedment with, and embracement of social networking sites (SNS) with a modified theory of planned behavior (TPB). It is recognized that social influence, perceived behavioral control, enjoyment, as well as embracement and embedment, are pertinent to the discourse. Data was collected from undergraduates in four (4) culturally diverse countries. Hypotheses were developed to test the proposed research conceptualization. The partial least squares (PLS) technique was used for data analysis. The results confirmed that perceived enjoyment and perceived behavioral control positively influenced students’ behavioral intentions for the use of SNS while subjective norm did not. However, subjective norm has positive impacts on students’ embedment with, and embracement of such tools. Students’ behavioral intention to accept SNS has a positive influence on students’ embedment with, and embracement of SNS.

Cette communication présente le cas de la mise en place d?une nouvelle technologie de l'information dans une organisation appartenant au secteur de la Défense. Cette technologie a posé des problèmes en termes de partage des connaissances. Ce cas est analysé sous l'angle du concept de la résilience. Il est alors montré comment l'organisation a réussi à contourner la technologie pour continuer à remplir ses missions dans des conditions jugées satisfaisantes. Ainsi, une procédure de face à face qui aurait dû disparaître est réapparue sous une forme aménagée. En conclusion, des pistes de recherches sont tracées.

The importance of brand equity has been realised in recent times and the vast growth of social media users has reached many companies to use of such spaces to reach out to their customers and boost their brand communications. A social media has evolved as one of marketing tool to engage with customers however the studies regarding benefit for health care facility brand are not much reported. The present study focuses on how social media communication as well as word of mouth affect people perception towards brand hence brand image and brand equity. We investigated 200 social media users by using a standardized survey at one of health care facilities. Here, the samples were collected using non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis used the structural equation modelling technique to investigate the interplay of firm-created, user-generated social media communication and word of mouth. The empirical result indicated both social media communi...

The subject titled evaluation on role of Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) in feelings and behavior of customers in E-shops was expressed in Digi-Kala Company. Then, research hypotheses and objectives were proposed and methodology, statistical population and needed sample of analysis technique were introduced to achieve goals and results of hypotheses. The findings suggest significant positive effect of (EWOM) on attitude of consumers and their positive emotions. Similarly, social positive and normal emotions may also have significant impact on attitude of consumers. At the same time, negative emotions of consumers have positively affected consumers’ attitudes as well. Finally social norms and attitudes of consumer may have significant positive effect on behavior of consumers.

A partir d’une étude de cas portant sur le déploiement d’une nouvelle unité au sein des forces aériennes canadiennes, cet article explore la gestion du changement organisationnel comme processus de légitimation. Les résultats de l’étude montrent, d’une part, que la gestion du changement repose sur quatre stratégies de légitimation : la mise à l’épreuve de la nouvelle unité, la formation des acteurs, la modification des règles de gestion et l’élargissement de son périmètre d’activités; d’autre part, leur articulation définit un processus de légitimation composé de quatre phases : la construction, la pérennisation, l’approfondissement et le développement de la légitimité.

La mise en place d’outils numériques dans les armées a entraîné des bouleversements organisationnels et humains qui ne peuvent être appréhendés d’un simple point de vue technique ou technologique. À l’hypothèse d’un milieu « cyber » distinct des autres fonctions des armées, nous proposons de substituer une analyse humaine et sociologique centrée sur le processus de « numérisation des forces ». Ce décentrement débouche sur plusieurs concepts qui permettent de compléter et d’enrichir l’analyse des processus de prise de décision stratégique. De ce point de vue, la création d’unités dédiées à la lutte informatique n’est sans doute que l’une des étapes nécessaires à une « intégration numérique des armées », laquelle nécessitera in fine une transfor¬mation et une adaptation de l’ensemble des forces au nouveau système technique de commandement et de coordination numérisé. Il semble dès lors nécessaire de distinguer « l’incorporation numérique tactique » de la « conjonction numérique stratégique », afin de remettre en perspective les dynamiques futures du processus de transition numérique des armées.

The implementation of digital tools in the armed forces has led to upheavals at both an organizational and human level, which cannot be understood from a simple technical or technological point of view.  For this reason, this paper focuses on conducting a human and sociological analysis centered on the process of "digitization of armies" rather than analyzing cyber separate from the rest of the armed forces. This change of perspective makes it possible to identify several concepts that complement and enrich the analysis of strategic decision-making processes. From this point of view, the creation of tactical-level units dedicated to computerized warfare is only one necessary step in the "digital integration of armies", requiring the transformation and adaptation of all forces to the new digitized technical command and coordination system. It is; therefore, necessary to distinguish between "tactical digital incorporation" and "strategic digital conjunction" in order to complete an assessment of the armed forces' digital transition processes.

The purpose of the study was to conduct an empirical research on adoption of the technology acceptance model on investigating consumers' intention towards the acceptance of branded mobile applications in South Africa. The study was quantitative in nature where 255 participants were utilised for data collection. To analyse the data structural equation modeling approach using SPSS 24 and Amos 24 was conducted. Key findings were that the perceived usefulness of mobile phone applications and their enjoyment had direct and significant impact of consumer attitudes towards the adoption of those mobile applications. The implications of these key findings were that for mobile applications to be adopted in South Africa marketer have to find the best possible ways of making mobile applications user friendly and convenient whether be it for commerce or entertainment purposes.

This paper aims to investigate how a dynamic IT artifact as Social Media influences IT Identity construction. Therefore, it considers the intertwinement of the two broad ways to view identity, internal and external, as stated by Carter (2012). Drawing on identity (Becker, 2003; Goffman, 1959; Tajfel & Turner, 2004) and communication literature (Shannon, 1948; Walther, 2008; Westley & MacLean Jr, 1957) we propose a conceptual model to explain its building process.

Viral marketing offers resources for the structuring and disseminating quickly and large-scale information in favor of content, products and their brands. Organizations started to produce commercial videos and disseminate them in the social networks on a large scale. Lister (2018) highlights that a video generates 1.200% more shares than the text and images combined. However, most of the studies about video sharing are related to consumer content, not firm generated content. We also observe that are scarce research that relates to the impacts of sharing online media on brand constructs. In this sense, the objective of this study is to identify the antecedents of commercial video sharing and its impact on the consumers' attitudes. A total of 368 questionnaires were collected, preceded by the viewing of videos. The results reveal impacts of the entertainment value and utility value with the intention of sharing videos. The intention to share videos presents impacts on Brand Equity: directly, and indirectly mediated by Brand Attachment. In this sense, this study contributed by identifying strategies for firms in order to earn media from sharing of commercial videos, revealing its influences on brand equity and brand attachment.

Quoique premier et principal domaine de l’histoire de la guerre, la puissance terrestre a depuis quelque temps maintenant été dissociée de la notion de « forces stratégiques », ces dernières renvoyant généralement à des moyens longue portée et/ou à de fortes puissances de destruction, au premier rang desquels les armes nucléaires. L’importance croissante de la maîtrise d’espaces communs a parfois conduit à considérer les forces terrestres comme de simples consommateurs d’effets interarmées. Une telle dynamique est désormais remise en cause alors que les puissances occidentales se voient de plus en plus contestées dans leur suprématie sur les « espaces fluides ». Le temps est donc venu de réévaluer la contribution des forces terrestres aux grandes fonctions stratégiques que sont l’intervention, la dissuasion, la prévention, la protection et l’anticipation. Dans chacune de ces missions, les forces terrestres se révèlent être des instruments essentiels, sans alternatives évidentes. Alors qu’il semble clair que l’environnement opérationnel futur sera plus contesté et exigeant, les forces terrestres vont devoir continuer à démontrer leur pertinence pour faire face à des défis tels que le déni d’accès et l’interdiction de zone, l’hybridation des adversaires, ou encore l’ambiguïté stratégique. Dans une telle perspective, elles seront amenées à jouer un rôle central comme forces intégratrices et pourvoyeuses d’effets multi-domaines, contribuant à l’amélioration globale de la résilience et de la capacité de manœuvre.

Malgré la volonté de pays comme la France de maintenir une capacité d’autonomie stratégique sur l’ensemble du spectre, la coopération internationale est devenue une condition sine qua non de la conduite des opérations militaires occidentales contemporaines. Le « RETour d’EXpérience » (RETEX), ou plus généralement l’identification et l’apprentissage de « leçons » est, quant à lui, devenu une pratique de plus en plus institutionnalisée dans les ministères de la Défense occidentaux.
Ces deux sujets sont généralement abordés de manière séparée dans la littérature en études stratégiques, relations internationales ou sociologie militaire. Toutefois, il existe une variété de canaux, niveaux et formes de coopération entre alliés autour des leçons et de mécanismes d’apprentissage de la coopération, dans le but de l’améliorer et de mener des opérations multinationales plus efficaces. L’objectif de cette note est de mettre en lumière la diversité de ces pratiques tout en en soulignant les limites. Sans prétendre à l’exhaustivité, cette Note de recherche fait d’abord le point sur les récentes publications académiques dans un champ en développement, et présente ensuite des exemples empiriques actuels, tirés principalement des cas français, britannique et otanien.

The meaning of space and time changes multifold when applied to the virtual world of internet where there is not any demarcated space or stipulated time for things to operate. In this crossover of space and time a defined agenda of mass communication has taken a back seat. Earlier the capacity to reach was a measure for mass communication but now the speed of reach is also equally important. As is often the case with masses, some communications are preferred (or privileged) over the others which are rejected. Every second there is large amount of information being dumped into the cyber space, but only a selected few manage to reach the masses while others remain ignored. This phenomenon of high speed communication is popularly known as 'viral communication' and can occur anywhere irrespective of packaging or medium. It has been observed that certain messages, pictures, stories or videos have gone viral in the internet driven virtual space. This raises the questions: why this selective viral spreading happens and how certain content is more privileged than others? This triggered us to study a specific set of communication and explore what are the key attributes of privileged content over the other through the present work. For the purpose of this study we have specifically looked at online videos on the popular website YouTube which had gone viral in the year 2014 and have a minimum of one million views. The aim was to identify key parameters which if present could ensure a video to go viral. This study would not only help the amateur content producer to gain multiple views but also cater to the marketing experts who have been trying to monetise social media to gain a share of conversation.

La dimensione visuale della Rete costituisce forse l'aspetto determinante della cultura digitale partecipativa. Anche se nei social network la comunicazione verbale resta centrale, i codici iconici che essa incorpora ne trasformano radicalmente i significati cognitivi e soprattutto gli effetti (a livello della percezione estetica e della reazione emotiva): è questo il senso proprio della scrittura secondaria. In particolare, in questo processo di mutazione espressiva, l'evoluzione tecnica dei formati digitali (sempre più " leggeri " e interconnessi) permette oggi di utilizzare anche il video come elemento condiviso nei post. In tal modo, il video – nato nel mondo del cinema ed esploso nella mediasfera televisiva – rappresenta oggi una delle possibili alternative a disposizione dell'utente comune che partecipa alla cultura dei social network. La Media Education ci ha da tempo dimostrato che la competenza mediale non è una qualità " naturale " posseduta dagli utenti dei media, ma un obiettivo formativo che è possibile raggiungere attraverso percorsi educativi strutturati. Tuttavia, il nuovo quadro offerto dal DVS – elemento portante dei social media – pone all'educazione mediale nuove sfide: le dinamiche comunicative del mondo digitale (nel quale " i media siamo noi ") spostano l'accento dalla lettura critica dei messaggi alla loro scrittura, dalla ricezione alla condivisione, dalla decodifica alla partecipazione, dal testo all'atto. Questo significa che la stessa educazione mediale deve essere profondamente ripensata: l'enfasi posta sulla testualità (alfabetizzazione, linguaggi, analisi, semiosi...) va ricollocata sull'agire comunicativo del soggetto (creatività, partecipazione, condivisione, intenzionalità comunicativa). La nuova meducazione impone di affiancare alle capacità critiche dell'alfabeta mediale una attenta riflessione sulle nuove pratiche di comunicazione video, che indicano come centrale lo sviluppo dell'auto-nomia personale, della responsabilità civile, della espressività consapevole. Insomma, si tratta di " tornare " ad educarsi alla virtù del buon cittadino.

This paper provides a brief background on the Lesson Study approach and its variant forms such as Modified Lesson Study, Learning Study and Virtual Experiential Learning Study. In addition, the authors have included a brief discussion about information and communication technology (ICT) and its impact in both education and professional training that has given rise to the development of the Quasi-Lesson Study (QLS). The main ICT contribution highlighted in this paper is the YouTube video-sharing service that can be used in the training of teachers and/or allied educators in both mainstream and special schools as well as educational therapists working in private learning centers/remedial learning clinics in Singapore and Malaysia today. YouTube sharing is used at various phases in the QLS cycle to help a teacher, allied educator or educational therapist become better equipped with not only the know-what (i.e., content knowledge and skills), but also the know-how (i.e., techniques and strategies) when working with students with special needs. How YouTubeTM sharing can help in overcoming the constraints of coordinating a lesson observation and other challenges in traditional Lesson Study, such as the awkwardness of being observed, is also discussed. More professional training ideas may thus spin off from the QLS concept, as others may be inspired to transcend the limits of traditional Lesson Study through the QLS approach.

Marketers have long understood that consumers' self-concepts influence the products they purchase; conversely,products purchased influence people's self-concepts. Using the symbolic interactionist perspective of identity theory, this study empirically tests the proposition thatonline consumers use electronic word of mouth, and specifically the sharing of online advertising, to construct and express theirself-concepts. The results suggest that self-brand congruity, entertainment value, and product category involvement increase theself-expressiveness of online ads, which then increase the likelihood of sharing those ads. These findings have both theoretical andmanagerial implications.

∗Charleston Southern University, richard@pearlrichards.org †University of Manchester, ali.malik@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk ‡Southen University, victor@mbarika.com This paper is posted at AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2009/546

As a project manager all topics related to the project management field catch my attention quickly, that’s why lessons learned (LL) arise as an important area to investigate to me. I started to read journals about LL to help develop my investigation also I will continue working hard in this document to develop a research question, bring up a rationale for research and will analyze all sources for annotated bibliography.

Social multimedia is changing the way people interact with each other, transforming old practices on political activism, social participation and interpersonal relationships. Sharing dynamically created video segments is a prime example of this social transformation. This paper reports on a long field trial studying social practices around personal videos within a tight social circle. Our results show that users appreciate

Email petitions to complete online surveys may be forwarded beyond the intended sample. We term this phenomenon the pass-along effect and investigate it as a factor that can influence the nature and size of survey samples in an online context. We establish the pass-along effect as a form of word-of-mouth communication and draw from the literature in this area to present and test a model of factors that influence the occurrence of this effect. The results of two studies provide empirical support for the existence and impact of the pass-along effect. Among the factors that lead to this effect are involvement and relationship with the survey topic, size of a participant's social network, and tie strength. The appropriateness of employing pass-along respondents as well as other implications for online sampling and survey research are discussed.

The present study integrated the theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance model, and
Palka et al.’s (2009) viral marketing model to examine U.S. consumers’ online video sharing attitudes,
intent, and behavior. Two online surveys of 318 U.S. college students and 370 U.S. general consumers
were conducted consecutively in April 2012 and May 2012 to strengthen the study’s reliability and
validity. Results show that perceived pleasure and cost served as important predictors of online
video sharing attitudes among college students and general consumers. Their intent to share online
videos was predicted by perceived pleasure and normative influences, attitudes, and social media
use. The number of online videos they shared was determined by online video consumption, intenteh,
normative influences, and social media use. Sharing of online videos is different from sharing other
online content in that perceived utilities and behavioral control do not really matter. The findings
carry important implications for academic researchers, online marketers, and video publishers.

A web survey of 403 American college students generated data which permitted the testing of a model of the effects of prior negative experience of online disclosure on the students’ online privacy protection intentions. It showed that young American consumers’ prior negative experience of online disclosure: directly increased their online information privacy concerns; heightened their risk perceptions of online disclosure; undermined their trust in online companies, Internet marketers and laws to protect online privacy; reduced their time spent on SNS; and enhanced their intent to falsify personal information and/or to refuse to provide personal information. Students’ online privacy concerns mediated the impact of prior negative experience on their: intention to refuse information provision; asking for removal of their personal information; spreading negative eWOM; and complaining to online companies. Students’ online privacy concerns were found to elevate their perceived risks and undermined their trust in online companies, marketers and laws to protect privacy. Results provide online companies and Internet marketers some valuable insights on how poor customer relationship management might compromise precise, targeted marketing in social media.

A web survey of 403 American college students generated data which permitted the testing of a model of the effects of prior negative experience of online disclosure on the students’ online privacy protection intentions. It showed that young American consumers’ prior negative experience of online disclosure: directly increased their online information privacy concerns; heightened their risk perceptions of online disclosure; undermined their trust in online companies, Internet marketers and laws to protect online privacy; reduced their time spent on SNS; and enhanced their intent to falsify personal information and/or to refuse to provide personal information. Students’ online privacy concerns mediated the impact of prior negative experience on their: intention to refuse information provision; asking for removal of their personal information; spreading negative eWOM; and complaining to online companies. Students’ online privacy concerns were found to elevate their perceived risks and undermined their trust in online companies, marketers and laws to protect privacy. Results provide online companies and Internet marketers some valuable insights on how poor customer relationship management might compromise precise, targeted marketing in social media.

Adaptation et apprentissage. Les forces terrestres américaines et la contreinsurrection en Irak par Stéphane TAILLAT | Presses de Sciences Po | Revue française de science politique 2008/5 -Volume 58 ISSN 0035-2950 | ISBN 2-7246-3118-0 | pages 773 à 793 Pour citer cet article : -Taillat S., Adaptation et apprentissage. Les forces terrestres américaines et la contre-insurrection en Irak, Revue française de science politique 2008/5, Volume 58, p. 773-793.

Learning from experience has turn out to be the basis of every manufacturing company in creating and sustaining competitive differentiation. Many companies put effort in capitalizing these experiences through continuous improvement initiatives such as lessons learned practices. However, these practices are failed to address the distinct, complex settings available in manufacturing, serial production, use, and maintenance phases, where much of the learning is still tacit nature and difficult to articulate. In this context, based on three case studies in the aerospace industry, the author previously proposed a lesson learned methodology using videos as an enabling media. This paper presents some preliminary results based on the validation activities performed in the aero-engine component manufacturing company.

Many companies have been using lessons learned practices as one of
their key knowledge management initiatives to capitalize on past experiences.
For product development companies, learning from product lifecycle phases
gives a true competitive advantage to improve the next generation of products.
However, companies are still struggling in capturing and sharing lessons
learned and applying them in new situations. Based on this consideration, the
paper proposes a video-based approach–using social media technologies–as a
way to leverage continuous capturing and sharing lessons learned from product
lifecycle phases to design practices. The paper presents the findings of a case
study within the aerospace industry, which investigates the current industrial
practices with regard to experience feedback, and illustrates the implementation
of a video-based approach. Further, the conceptual mock-up of video-based lessons learned sharing portal and its social platform that are aimed to support the design practices are illustrated.

Abstract In product development, innovation means bringing together people with different expertise to develop breakthrough product and service offers. In spite of their potential, cross-functional efforts are not yet adequately supported from a knowledge perspective, asking for a more open and bottom-up approach for knowledge management.

" Many companies have been using lessons learned practices as one of their key knowledge management initiatives to capitalize on past experiences. For product development companies, learning from product lifecycle phases gives a true competitive advantage to improve the next generation of products.
However, companies are still struggling in capturing and sharing lessons learned and applying them in new situations. Based on this consideration, the paper proposes a video-based approach–using social media technologies–as a way to leverage continuous capturing and sharing lessons learned from product
lifecycle phases to design practices. The paper presents the findings of a case study within the aerospace industry, which investigates the current industrial practices with regard to experience feedback, and illustrates the implementation
of a video-based approach. Further, the conceptual mock-up of video-based lessons learned sharing portal and its social platform that are aimed to support the design practices are illustrated."

In the emerging service economy, many traditional product manufacturing companies are seeking innovative ways to do business, focusing on product-service combinations. Development of these offerings requires the integration of a wider span of expertise from several companies, which poses new challenges in the way knowledge is captured and managed. On the basis of a case study from an aerospace supply chain, this paper fi rst identifi es the limitations of current knowledge-management systems in such a setting and then discusses the role of Web 2.0 technologies in managing knowledge across the knowledge life cycle. Web 2.0 technologies have potential to lower barriers to leveraging informal and unstructured knowledge, contextualized information, networks of connections, and collective creation and maintenance of knowledge assets, which could complement current knowledge-management systems in multicompany product development efforts.

Our paper explores to what extend Facebook advertising generates purchasing intentions, and influence consumers' buying habits. We analyse consumers' opinions regarding issues of privacy and social pressure from online communities, and their effect on consumers' shopping habits. By conducting a survey, and comparing our findings with findings in the literature, we aim to compare users viewpoints of internet advertising from the late 90's with the viewpoints of young people that are constantly exposed to social media. We argue that there are minor changes in the users viewpoints during that period, and show that users rely more on the internet as a source of information, yet social pressure and eWoM are still the major mechanisms that contribute to a brand's success. The main conclusion of our study is that brands should invest in the social communication aspects of Facebook as an advertising mechanism.

In light of emerging product development trends, such as Product-Service Systems, manufacturing organizations are obliged to collaborate across functional and organizational borders. Hence, companies are increasingly investigating how to leverage knowledge management practices to enhance their dynamic learning capabilities to achieve continuous process improvements. Many researchers assert that lessons learned practices are possible ways for organizational learning, which allows for continuous capturing and sharing of experiential knowledge across boundaries in order to learn both from mistakes and successes. However, many organizations fall short in capturing and sharing lessons from projects and applying them in new situations. The purpose of this paper is to propose a video-based approach and related guidelines for capturing and sharing lessons learned in a dynamic manner across functional and organizational boundaries. Based on laboratory experiments as well as validation activities conducted in collaboration with an aerospace manufacturer, this paper compares the video-based approach with a more traditional text-based approach of documenting lessons learned from projects. The paper describes the results of testing activities conducted with a video-based lessons learned prototype and the authors reflect on its implications for design practice management in the aerospace industry.