Urban Architectural Heritage

The newly restored St. Vincent de Paul Church and the Sisters of Charity Convent in Frankopanska Street, Zagreb, represents a comprehensive approach to the preservation of cultural heritage while integrating contemporary solutions for sustainable use. This historical complex, which has continuously evolved since its construction in 1845, is comprised of the church, the northern and southern convent wings, a dining hall building, and various auxiliary structures. Severely damaged by earthquakes and flooding in 2020, the complex underwent extensive restoration, and it was financed by the European Union Solidarity Fund with substantial contributions from the Congregation of the Sisters of Charity. The architectural project, carried out by architects Prof. Nenad Fabijanić and Leila Nanuk, emphasizes a balanced approach to conserving important historical elements, while introducing contemporary technical, functional, and design solutions.
Key interventions, supervised by conservation specialists, included seismic retrofitting, new solutions for installations, as well as the restoration of original architectural elements and intricately crafted altarpieces. The architectural project also introduced contemporary design solutions that conceptually unified the spaces both in the church and in the convent buildings. The project, based on extensive preservation and conservation research, serves as an exemplary case of sustainable heritage management. It highlights the potential for historical religious sites to be adapted for longterm, environmentally conscious use, while preserving their original architectural, cultural and spiritual integrity.

Cities are living spaces with their own identity, texture, and culture, where people can meet all their needs, where economic, political, cultural, and social relations are established. Public spaces such as streets, squares, parks, and buildings constitute the quality and richness of the city's living spaces. One of the most important public spaces that emphasize the important points of the cities is squares. The squares create a center of attraction for the citizens / people for social, political, historical, cultural, and religious reasons. Squares; are the "places" / areas where environment, architecture, and human relations are established. In the study, firstly, the definitions of urban space and urban aesthetic values will be emphasized in the architectural literature, and examples of "historical, religious, political, cultural, and social aspects" will be examined. Definitions will be reconsidered according to research and examinations. From these definitions and examined examples, "criteria of being a square" will be determined. We will focus on the squares in Nicosia, the capital of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is designated as the study area. Places accepted as squares by the Nicosia Turkish Municipality will be re-evaluated in terms of their architectural values and will be questioned according to these determined criteria. Comparison will be made by making use of photographs during interrogation and will be supported by verbal interviews. In conclusion, with this study, it is aimed to create a substructure for the development of urban and urban spaces criticized in many studies in terms of urban space quality.

The integration of ancient topography and digital archaeology has opened new horizons in the reading of the territory and in the stratigraphic understanding of historical landscapes, enabling the monitoring and safeguarding of cultural heritage and thus preserving the identity, memory, and traditions of communities, peoples, and civilizations. Traces of the ancient emerge within the contemporary landscape, where past and future intertwine. Ancient topography, by reconstructing the development of stratiÞed landscapes and road networks, analyses the relationships among their components and lays the foundations for preserving the cultural roots of territories. A key tool in this process is the archaeological map, an essential resource for reconstructing the historical dynamics of a territory and an indispensable instrument for planning activities aimed at the protection and enhancement of cultural heritage. In this context, preventive archaeology seeks to mitigate the negative impact of urban development projects and new infrastructure on archaeological landscapes, ensuring their protection during the design and construction phases, within a framework of conscious and sustainable planning. Archaeological mapping today constitutes an effective and affordable tool that supports urban and rural planning, aiding the protection of historic landscapes from the relentless effects of environmental and anthropogenic taphonomic processes. In particular, the archaeological potential map represents a key resource for urban and territorial planning, as it enables a preventive and scientiÞcally grounded assessment of archaeological risk. The use of digital technologies to map archaeological landscapes offers innovative and inclusive methods for the conservation and enhancement of cultural heritage.

L’integrazione tra topografa antica e archeologia digitale ha aperto nuove frontiere nella lettura del territorio, nella comprensione stratigrafica dei paesaggi storici, consentendo di monitorare e tutelare il patrimonio culturale e preservando così l’identità, la memoria e la tradizione di comunità, popoli e civiltà. I segni dell'antico si rivelano nel paesaggio contemporaneo, dove passato e futuro si intrecciano. La topografia antica, ricostruendo lo sviluppo dei paesaggi stratificati, nonché delle reti viarie, analizza le relazioni tra gli elementi che li compongono e crea le basi per preservare le radici culturali dei territori.  Un elemento fondamentale in questo processo è la carta archeologica, strumento qualificante per la ricostruzione delle dinamiche storiche del territorio e imprescindibile per la programmazione di attività di tutela e valorizzazione. In questo contesto si inserisce l’archeologia preventiva, che si pone l’obiettivo di ridurre l’impatto negativo dei progetti di sviluppo urbanistico e delle nuove opere infrastrutturali sui paesaggi archeologici, garantendo la loro protezione durante la fase di progettazione e realizzazione, in un’ottica di sviluppo consapevole (conscious planning) e sostenibile. La cartografia archeologica rappresenta una risorsa efficace e sostenibile, che supporta la pianificazione urbana e rurale, utile alla tutela dei paesaggi storici, da proteggere dagli impietosi effetti dei processi tafonomici ambientali e di matrice antropica. In particolare, la carta del potenziale archeologico rappresenta un mezzo fondamentale per la programmazione, sia a scala urbana che territoriale, poichè consente una valutazione preventiva e scientificamente fondata del rischio archeologico. L’uso di tecnologie digitali per mappare i paesaggi archeologici offre modalità innovative e inclusive per la conservazione e la valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale.

Session at the AISU Conference, Palermo, September 10-13, 2025.
Architectural culture has been transmitted through different ways, methods and practices in the Central European space. The area covered by the Habsburg Empire and the countries that were created by its disintegration still arouses interest for architectural historians, both for the exceptional quality of its main architects, as well as for the dissemination of its ideas all over the Empire. Architectural education was pursued by different institutions, like academies of fine arts, polytechnic schools, schools of applied arts, private schools and architectural studios. Both urban planning and architectural design, including restoration of monuments, were matters taught by these educational establishments. Teaching was shaped by masters like Pietro Nobile, Friedrich von Schmidt, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Henrich Ferstel, Karl König, Theophil Hansen, Carl von Hasenauer, Otto Wagner, Samu Pecz, Frigyes Schulek, Imre Steindl, Alajos Hauszmann, Julian Zachariewicz, Herman Bollé, Jan Kotěra, Jože Plečnik and many others. Current historiography takes into account each of these schools, e.g.  Academies of Fine Arts and Polytechnics in Vienna, Budapest, Lviv, Prague, the School of Applied Arts in Prague, Brno or in Zagreb, however mostly within national borders.
How did these different traditions shape cities? Are we allowed to find a common thread behind these experiences, particularly, even if not only, in the Central European area? Moreover, how did this culture of education leave its mark on architects and scholars who subsequently spent their lives elsewhere?  All of these questions will be discussed by participants of the session.

años de formación del campo del planeamiento urbano. En este contexto, la Conferencia representará una valiosa oportunidad para el encuentro y el intecambio de información entre los escolares de los dos continentes, con un poco de suerte, promoviendo pautas comunes de investigación. La Conferencia Brasileña " La circulación de ideas sobre estética urbana y arte municipal en Europa y Latino América: 1880-1914" está considerada por sus organizadores como una continuación de la Conferencia Internacional " Camillo Sitte y sus intérpretes" celebrada en Venecia en 1990, y enriquecida por los resultados recientes del "Simposio Camillo Sitte" llevado a cabo en Viena en Noviembre de 2003. Camillo Sitte, Charles Buls, Raymond Unwin, Werner Hegemann, Albert Brinckmann, Thomas Mawson, se encuentran entre los personajes más famosos que influenciaron el debate del planeamiento del periodo en cuestión, más en particular, en relación a la estética urbana. I Congreso Internacional de Historia Urbana " La circulación de ideas sobre estética y arte urbano en Europa y Latino América: 1880-1914" ("The circulation of ideas on urban aesthetics and civic art in Europe and Latin America :1880-1914")

This work opens a space for reflection on technological transformation, the treatment of
geographic information on the urban scale and the contribution of geotechnologies on
heritage studies.
11 Arquitecta especialista en Planeamiento Urbano y Territorial, Mg. City Management, Universidad de Belgrano, Ciudad
de Buenos Aires, Argentina y Fundaçao Alvares Penteado, San Pablo; Brasil. Título Msc. of Science, Geographical
Information Science& Systems, UNIGIS de la Universidad de Salzburgo, Austria y estudiante en el Programa de
Doctorado en Ciudad, Territorio y Planificación Sostenible, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, España. Consultora
senior en proyectos de colaboración público-privada, con aplicación de geo-tecnologías. Profesora e investigadora.
Integra la Red UNIGIS y el Observatorio de Sostenibilidad Urbana (OSU) de la Universidad de Belgrano.
Perspectivas: Revista Científica de la Universidad de Belgrano, V 4, Nª 4, 2021
Constantinidis, B. GIS para el planeamiento urbano patrimonial: contribución de las geotecnologías en el análisis y
reconstrucción histórica de las ciudades. 310-321.
311
The science of geography applied through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is
present on the way to achieve a multidimensional approach by incorporating spatial
variables to guide the effort towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).
Evolution of cartography on heritage issues contributes to the production of new
information, integration and coordination of data provided by various sources.
In addition, good practices require homogenization of criteria and standards, as well as
promoting generation and publication of open data, and communicating results with
accessible and understandable visualization resources.
These challenges placed in the urban perspective highlight the integrative concept of
maps as sustainable planning tools.

El Mercado de Abastos de Santiago de Compostela, proyectado en 1937-1938 por el arquitecto Joaquín Vaquero Palacios (1900-1998), debía resolver de partida, a juicio de su autor, dos cuestiones esenciales: servir a las necesidades propias del mercado de la ciudad y estar a la altura de la calidad arquitectónica de su centro histórico, huyendo de cualquier pretensión de monumentalidad y fundiéndose, además, con la antigua trama de origen medieval. En este artículo se analizan dos documentos imprescindibles para comprender las principales decisiones de proyecto de esta obra maestra, su carácter profundamente visionario y su utilidad actual como motor de la recuperación de los sistemas alimentarios de proximidad. El primero de ellos es una memoria técnica inédita que el arquitecto asturiano entregó en 1938, acompañando al proyecto. El segundo de ellos es una memoria de proyecto, en forma epistolar, escrita por Vaquero para acompañar a la revista Composición arquitectónica en 1983.
The Abastos Food Market in Santiago de Compostela, designed in 1938 by the architect Joaquín Vaquero Palacios (1900-1998), had to resolve, from the outset, in the opinion of its author, two essential questions: to serve the specific needs of the city's market and to live up to the architectural quality of its historic centre, avoiding any pretension of monumentality and also blending in with the old medieval layout. This article analyses two documents that are essential for understanding the main design decisions of this masterpiece, its profoundly visionary character and its current usefulness as a driving force for the recovery of local food systems. The first of these is an unknown technical report that the Asturian architect submitted in 1938, accompanying the project. The second is a project memory, in epistolary form, written by Vaquero to accompany the journal Composición arquitectónica in 1983.

Este artigo visa refletir sobre o patrimônio industrial no Rio de Janeiro, baseando-se no estudo da relação entre remanescentes industriais reconvertidos para fins habitacionais e a memória operária nos subúrbios ferroviários. O foco são espaços fabris convertidos para habitação em dinâmicas protagonizadas por atores comunitários. Investiga o papel dessas reconversões a partir da discussão sobre patrimônio industrial e memória coletiva, e verificação do quadro da escassez de patrimonialização de bens industriais suburbanos e produção habitacional em políticas públicas. Abarca uma análise cartográfica e morfológica das ocupações autoconstruídas na Zona Norte do Rio de Janeiro, e uma análise etnográfica em um estudo de caso. Ao trazer memórias fragmentadas e subterrâneas e avaliar um senso de pertencimento e identidade nos seus moradores, conclui pelo potencial dessas ocupações autoconstruídas reconvertidas como expressão simultânea de preservação do legado industrial e reivindicação pelo direito à cidade mediante práticas que desafiam processos estabelecidos da ordem dominante.

The historical houses of Jyotir Bosu in Barodi, Narayanganj, are significant remnants of the colonial past that reflect the socio-political landscape of Bengal during British rule. This research paper delves into the architectural marvels and cultural legacy of these homes, which stand as witnesses to the evolving political ideologies and social transformations of the time. Jyotir Bosu, a prominent political figure and revolutionary, played a key role in Bengal's political history, and his residences have become symbols of resistance and intellectual discourse. Through fieldwork, archival research, and interviews with local historians, this study seeks to unravel the hidden narratives embedded in the colonial architecture of Barodi.The paper explores the intricate fusion of European and local design elements in the houses, highlighting how the architecture reflects the tensions between colonial influence and indigenous identity. It also examines the role these structures played in the socio-political movements of the early 20 th century, with a special focus on their connection to the anti-colonial struggle and the birth of Bengali nationalism. By offering a glimpse into the life and legacy of Jyotir Bosu, this research not only celebrates a rich cultural heritage but also underscores the importance of preserving such historical landmarks. The study contributes to broader discourses on colonial history, heritage conservation, and the intersection of politics and architecture in Bengal.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Chapter one: Introduction 1.1 Backstory 1.2 Differences in Thinking 1.3 Need for change in respect to typology 1.4 Problem Statement 1.5 Research Intention 2. Chapter two: Case Studies 2.1 Bauhaus 2.2 Habitat 67 2.3 Lotus Temple 2.4 Guggenheim Museum 2.5 Similarities between the above case studies 2.6 Differences between the above case studies 2.7 Conclusion on basis of typology 3. Chapter three: Change in perspective 3.1 Present Condition of typology perspective 3.2 Interchange of typologies' usage -Mill to Museum 4. Chapter four: Adaption and change 4.1 Need for change in typology's usage -Mill to Museum 4.2 Impact -Mill to museum 4.3 Future Trends on usage Conclusion Bibliography

This text is part of the second volume of the  book Heritage Landscapes of Spain, in this case of urban dominance. The landscape of the so-called Cornisa de Madrid belongs to the old urban front of its historic centre, forming part of it the stretch of the river and valley of the Manzanares that marks out several hills. It constitutes a courtly space around the Royal Palace with mouments, gardens, orchards, tree-lined walks, and at the same time the river with its groves and meadows is the place where popular festivals are held.

El texto pertence al segundo volumen de los Paisajes Patrimoniales de Epaña, en este caso de dominante urbana. El paisaje de la llamada Cornisa de Madrid pertenece al antiguo frente urbano de su su centro histórico, formando parte de él el tramo del río y valle del Manzanares que jalona los cerros de Principe Pío y las Vistillas,  por el oeste, la Casa de Campo, por el este la vía urbana formada por la Carrera de San Francisco y la Calle Bailén, además de otros elementos próximos que guardan relación histórica o perceptiva con el conjunto. Constituye uno de los patrimonios urbanos de la ciudad, no solo por sus reconocidos valores, sino por ser actualidad. Desde que Felipe II trasladó la corte a Madrid en el siglo XVI, el paisaje cortesano se extendió por todo el frente urbano y sus alrededores, en forma de monumentos, jardines, huertas, paseos arbolados para comunicar unos sitios con otros, monasterios, conventos, infraestructuras y tramas urbanas. A su vez, el río, sus arenales, sotos y praderas fueron lugar preferido de actividades y celebraciones populares.

This text is part of the second volume of the  book Heritage Landscapes of Spain, in this case of urban dominance. The landscape of the so-called Cornisa de Madrid belongs to the old urban front of its historic centre, forming part of it the stretch of the river and valley of the Manzanares that marks out several hills. It constitutes a courtly space around the Royal Palace with mouments, gardens, orchards, tree-lined walks, and at the same time the river with its groves and meadows is the place where popular festivals are held. The landscape view of la Cornisa has been painted many times, Goya's painting being the most famous

Resumo: O Programa de Valorização do Patrimônio Cultural nas Sub Prefeituras, aqui referenciado, é uma ação de Educação Patrimonial, de iniciativa do Departamento do Patrimônio Histórico e direcionado a técnicos de outras unidades da Prefeitura que lidam com a preservação do Patrimônio Material protegido da cidade e também direcionado à sociedade civil em geral, considerando que só a ação integrada dessas 3 instancias (técnicos do DPH, encarregados de indicar e justificar ao proteção dos bens ; técnicos das Sub-prefeituras, encarregados da fiscalização desses bens protegidos e sociedade civil, a quem a proteção desse bens é destinada) pode garantir a real preservação dos bens legalmente protegidos. O programa é composto por power-points organizados por Sub-Prefeituras, abrangendo informações sobre questões conceituais, legais e históricas, relativas aos bens tombados em cada uma das unidades administrativas em que está sub-dividida a cidade (Sub-Prefeituras).

O Programa de Valorização do Patrimônio Cultural nas Sub Prefeituras, aqui referenciado, é uma ação de Educação Patrimonial, de iniciativa do Departamento do Patrimônio Histórico e direcionado a técnicos de outras unidades da Prefeitura que lidam com a preservação do Patrimônio Material protegido da cidade e também direcionado à sociedade civil em geral, considerando que só a ação integrada dessas 3 instancias (técnicos do DPH, encarregados de indicar e justificar ao proteção dos bens ; técnicos das Sub-prefeituras, encarregados da fiscalização desses bens protegidos e sociedade civil, a quem a proteção desse bens é destinada) pode garantir a real preservação dos bens legalmente protegidos. O programa é composto por power-points organizados por Sub-Prefeituras, abrangendo informações sobre questões conceituais, legais e históricas, relativas aos bens tombados em cada uma das unidades administrativas em que está sub-dividida a cidade (Sub-Prefeituras).

In 1993, Zabid in Yemen was inscribed by the World Heritage Committee as a World Heritage Site. Its urban heritage is related to the environmental features and the culture of the society. However, it lacks the capabilities necessary for proper conservation and management.
In 2000, UNESCO inscribed Zabid on the list of “World Heritage in Danger” to underline the poor urban planning policies that had led to the destruction of the city’s traditional houses on the behest of the Yemeni government due to poor upkeep and conservation.
This study describes the urban heritage in the Historic Town of Zabid and discusses the major challenges and risks in the town. In other hand this study also explores the preservation requirements to protecting the urban heritage in the city.
Keywords: Conservation, Historic Town of Zabid, Universal Value, Urban Heritage.

Le sfide urbane contemporanee, alimentate da fenomeni quali cambiamenti climatici, sociali e demografici, crisi economica e innovazione tecnologica, spingono le città ed in particolare le aree più fragili, verso strategie di sviluppo sostenibile. La riqualificazione energetica però, seguendo l’imperativo dell’efficientamento, presta spesso poca attenzione all’integrità materiale dell’architettura. La ricerca si focalizza sulle Periferie Urbane d’Autore – PUA – realizzate nel Secondo dopoguerra dalle migliori firme della cultura nazionale, al fine di individuare criteri utili per la salvaguardia delle qualità esistenti degli edifici. L’introduzione degli aspetti programmatici – innovazione tecnologica, tecnica di produzione, flessibilità e variabilità tecnologica ed estetica della serialità – ha consentito di analizzare e comparare i caratteri tecnologico-ambientali e costruttivi di dieci casi di studio realizzati tra la metà degli anni ’50 e l’inizio degli anni ’80 e disseminati sull’intero territorio nazionale. L’analisi della letteratura dell’epoca e della critica contemporanea ha reso possibile riconoscere l’approccio integrato con il quale tali complessi furono concepiti che è poi confluito nella struttura dello strumento di analisi. La scheda restituisce una lettura efficace, innovativa ed approfondita dei singoli progetti, la cui comparazione nelle tavole sinottiche ha evidenziato una stretta relazione progettuale con le risorse fisico-ambientali del territorio e con le risorse naturali; dal punto di vista tecnologico è emersa l’unitarietà delle caratteristiche di innovazione tecnologica, una eterogeneità degli aspetti di produzione ed una variazione conseguente nella dipendenza fisica e spaziale degli edifici e dei caratteri della serialità. La metodologia di analisi si è fondata sulla contaminazione tra diverse attività e discipline che, già coinvolte nella fase di progetto originario, risultano necessarie nella redazione del ‘secondo progetto’.

What is the Indonesian Concept of Saujana Heritage? Dr Uday Dokras According to UNESCO, the meaning of Cultural Heritage is the legacy of physical artefacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and bestowed for the benefit of future. Indonesia's approach to heritage management has been shaped by the perception of the role of archaeology and the history of Dutch colonial rule. The Dutch colonial government justified its rule internationally through its care of Indonesians and Indonesia, in particular iconic heritage sites like Borobudur. The emphasis on expertise in archaeology continued for many years, often leading to heritage sites being separated from the communities near the sites and groups with religious or historical connections. Today a broad set of groups are involved in heritage management and there are a diverse set of heritage management policies emerging.

Resumen-El artículo desarrolla una metodología basada en la analogía de los usos del suelo mediante un modelo geomático de información espacial y de indicadores de los edificios ubicados en el Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán, catalogados y ubicados en la zona de monumentos históricos, se busca obtener los efectos vinculados al patrimonio a través de técnicas espaciales para obtener la correlación entre historia, patrimonio y usos del suelo. Las herramientas de análisis geoespaciales son los Sistemas de Información Geográfica que tienen la peculiaridad de asimilar la complejidad geométrica del espacio, estableciendo las relaciones de causalidad mediante la construcción lógica y matemática del análisis "Model Builder" por lo que el resultado plantea escenarios de sensibilidad y realidad urbana.

A lo largo de este trabajo mostramos los aportes que en el área de la investigación histórica de la ciudad de Valladolid de Michoacán obtenemos a partir del aprovechamiento de las herramientas que cotidianamente empleamos aquellos profesionales cuya área del saber está ligada al rescate, restauración y conservación de nuestro patrimonio cultural edificado. Arrancamos con el levantamiento integral de los datos de este inmueble de valor histórico patrimonial–como parte inicial de un proceso metodológico– buscando complementar su reconstrucción histórica en una temporalidad que cubre los siglos XVIII, XIX y las primeras décadas del siglo XX; ello, antes de tan siquiera pensar en tocarlo físicamente.

There were 911 sites including 704 cultural, 180 natural, 27 mixed properties were included as outstanding universal value by the UNESCO World Heritage Convention in June 2010. Malaysian heritage sites were Melaka and Georgetown as listed since 2007. Since World Heritage Lists is not an ultimate benchmark to rate its revitalization therefore, this research will provide a set of attributing variables to investigate the authenticity of success in creating a great heritage streets. The research employed unobtrusive method of content analysis and obtrusive method. This paper will share its findings based on research's pilot study and content analysis.

The mining industry located in the Mecsek Hills has played a decisive role in the life of Pécs, which developed into an industrial settlement in the 19th century. Although the extraction of raw materials was discontinued in the last Pécs mine in 2004, the mining industry as mental and built heritage still remains. Smaller estates, characteristic colonies of the early years of mining, have been significantly re-evaluated. The parts of the city that are built near the previous workplaces, far from the city center, serve as the residence of the people with the lowest income. The majority of approximately 4,000 municipal rental housing units belong to this type of environment. Therefore, the future of the former mining colonies is very important for the local government.

Nichts ist ewig, schon gar nicht ein Denkmal. Gerade deshalb gibt es Denkmalpflege. Noch vergänglicher als Denkmale sind die Prinzipien der Denkmalpflege, ihre Begriffe, Methoden und Institutionen. Sie waren immer schon stetem Wandel ausgesetzt, der heute zudem von einer Pluralisierung mit der gleichzeitigen Ausprägung gegensätzlicher Auffassungen und Praktiken gekenn-zeichnet ist. Historisches Denken führt zu der Erkenntnis, dass Werte als Wertvorstellungen vergänglich sind. Wie aber geht Denkmalpflege mit der Hinfälligkeit ihrer eigenen theoretischen Konstrukte und deren praktischen Folgen um? Welche Schlüsse zieht sie als Institution aus der Legitimations-und professionellen Sinnkrise, in der sie steckt, seit sie besteht, und die sie selbst zuweilen als Symptom für eine kulturhistorische Krise erscheinen lässt? Es ist an der Zeit, die Motive der eigenen Zunft genauer ins Visier zu nehmen, die zeitlichen und über-zeitlichen Geltungsansprüche, die Denkmalpfleger ge-genüber den Obje...

Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX varios proyectos de espacio público de la Ciudad de México referenciaron al pasado navegable y acuático del otrora lago de Texcoco. Los responsables de estas intervenciones miraron directamente al paisaje de Xochimilco que, gracias a su difusión y estandarización, empezó a ser utilizado como una abstracción con elementos fácilmente identificables por la población. Este texto es producto del análisis de representaciones de Xochimilco a lo largo de varias décadas, junto con investigación hemerográfica y bibliográfica que contempló consultas a archivos personales de arquitectos, así como visita a los sitios intervenidos por ellos; con esto se analizó un cúmulo de proyectos con los que podemos identificar el importante papel de Xochimilco como referencia iconográfica al momento de representar y construir paisajes históricos desde proyectos modernos de espacio público

CAS REVIEW is an academic journal of the University of Asia and the Pacific, College of Arts and Sciences. CAS Review accepts articles from all faculty members and graduate students of the University of Asia and the Pacific. CAS Review accepts original articles and notes written in Filipino or English. Following are basic guidelines regarding style and format: 1. Length: Articles and notes may be 3,000 to 5,000 words. Longer manuscripts may also be considered. 2. Format: The paper should be typed and double spaced, using 12 point font size. 3. Citations should follow the latest edition of: MLA for the Humanities and Liberal Arts APA or Chicago for the Social Sciences, Political Economy, Education, and Psychology.

In a series of urban analyses used in the development of urban plans, there is also a traffic analysis. It is aimed at assessing the impact of the capacity of planned contents on the transport network of the narrower and wider area. In this paper, a large city project for the Belgrade waterfront area was selected as a case study and the analysis done as a transport study for the planning process for this location. Traffic analysis deals with the assessment of how much load planned purposes (housing, business, commercial, public facilities, etc.) will generate and how this will affect the existing and planned road network, standing out approach with six basic phases used in the research and description of the differences between three conceptualized network designs. For these purposes, the appropriate software is used, which for the set network load parameters at different times of the day creates scenarios of the number of vehicles and dominant directions of movement and indicates the shortcomings of the network that needs to be adapted to the requirements of users (0-with modest attractiveness based on previous plans for the area, 1-3 for different network designs in the peak hours). This type of analysis with its results provides an input or planning the spatial organization of content and connections within the area and with a wider environment.

Una indagine multidisciplinare su elementi ancora poco indagati della storia architettonica e delle vicende urbane di Palazzo Panichi ad Ascoli Piceno, sede dal 1981 del Museo Archeologico Statale.
L’edificio occupa uno dei quattro fronti di piazza Arringo, centro nevralgico del tessuto urbano della città marchigiana, a partire da preesistenze medioevali inglobate nella dimora nobiliare rinascimentale della famiglia Spinola, ampliato nella seconda metà del Settecento dal casato dei Ridolfi e infine passato alla proprietà dei Panichi, da cui eredita l’attuale denominazione.
Frutto della collaborazione tra la Direzione Regionale Musei Marche e l’Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, gli studi raccolti in questo volume approfondiscono l’evoluzione architettonica dell’edificio nei suoi rapporti articolati con la città e con le collezioni ospitate.
Cornice e contenitore di una raccolta archeologica di grande rilievo scientifico, Palazzo Panichi si configura come un patrimonio identitario cruciale per la storia e le tradizioni del territorio piceno, punto di partenza per ogni prospettiva di progettualità finalizzata alla fruizione e alla valorizzazione del Museo Archeologico Statale, nel sistema più ampio della rete dei musei delle Marche.

The aim of this brief report is to present a general overview of the state of conservation for the built heritage in the Arab region in the light of both the significance of the heritage and the dangers that threatens its integrity. UNESCO’s World Heritage List is an interesting reflection of the state of conservation for the built heritage in the Arab region. Out of the 1199 sites listed on the World Heritage List, only 80 sites (around 6%) are in the Arab region. On the other hand, out of the 82 sites listed on the World Heritage in Danger List, 17 sites (around 20%) are located in the region. In other words, the region is underrepresented in the World Heritage List and overrepresented in the World Heritage in Danger.

ELIAN, Tudor, „Povestea unui radicalism uitat. Transformare și rezistență / A Tale of Forgotten Radicalism. Transformation and Resistance.”
in TULBURE, Irina și GHENCIULESCU, Ștefan (ed.), Dincolo de norme / Beyond norms, Zeppelin, Bucharest, 2024, pp.122-133
(ISBN 978-973-0-41107-2)

Malaki ang kaugnayan ng industriya ng turismo sa pagpapataas ng ekonomiya sa mga lokal na pamahalaan, at ang pagkilala sa festival, produkto, at pook pasyalan ay makapagbibigay ng oportunidad na maiangat ang antas ng isang munisipalidad. Ngunit marami rin ang mga salik na nakahahadlang sa pagpapakilala ng turismo sa bayan at sa pagtaas ng antas na kinabibilangan ng isang bayan. Ang bayan ng Nampicuan na pokus sa pag-aaral na ito ay kabilang sa 5th class municipality. Nilayon ng pag-aaral na maitampok ang Bayan ng Nampicuan na may Tuon sa Festival, Produkto, at Pook pasyalan upang maging simulain na maipakilala ang naturang bayan sa mga karatig na lugar sa Nueva Ecija. Ginamit ang pamamaraang deskriptibo, kwalitatibo at Kutlural na pananaw. Lumabas sa pag-aaral na may malaking kaugnayan ang festival, produkto, at pook pasyalan sa larangan ng hanapbuhay at turismo. At naging balakid sa pagpapayabong ng turismo ang heograpikal na lokasyon, transportasyon, at hindi sapat na promosyon.

Dünya nüfusunun büyük bir bölümü kentlerde yaşamakta ve bu oranın giderek artacağı
öngörülmektedir. Yaşadığımız alanlarda küresel iklim salınımlarının neden olduğu ani ve beklenmedik
hava olaylarının olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak ve kentleri bu etkilere daha dirençli hale getirmek
mümkündür. Sel, taşkın, heyelan ve fırtına gibi doğa olayları yağış şekli ve yoğunluğu, toprak
özellikleri, bitki örtüsü ve rüzgar yönü/hızı gibi birçok doğal faktör ile tarım alanlarının açılması,
şehirleşme gibi beşeri kaynaklı faktörlerin etkisiyle oluşmakta ve yeterince önlem alınmadığında afete
dönüşmektedir. Bu afetler ekümen alanlarda meydana geldiğinde etkilediği nüfusun büyüklüğüne göre
ciddi kayıplara sebep olmakta ve özellikle şehirsel alanlarda hem can hem mal kaybına neden olarak
yönetimsel anlamda da ciddi sorunlar ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu nedenle özellikle şehirsel alanlarda doğal
afetlerin vermiş olduğu zararlar ve kayıplar, iklim salınımları sonrasında önemli bir artış göstermekte,
buna yönelik çalışmaları da kaçınılmaz hale getirmektedir. Şehirli nüfusun önemli ihtiyaç alanlarından
olan çocuk oyun alanları da afetlerden zarar gören şehirsel mekânlar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Karadeniz’in hızlı betonlaşan ilçelerinden birisi olarak tanımlanan Atakum, bu hızlı şehirleşme ve hızlı
nüfus artışı sonucu meydana gelen doğal afetlerden en fazla etkilenen ilçelerden biri olarak
görünmektedir. Şehirli insanın doğayla ilişkisini sürdürdüğü, sosyalleşme mekânı olarak etkin bir rolü
olan, psikolojik, sosyolojik ve fizyolojik ihtiyaçları için gerekli çocuk oyun alanlarının Atakum ilçesinde
artan meteorolojik kaynaklı afet risklerini belirlemek çalışmamızın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Atakum
ilçesinde hâlihazırda oransal olarak yetersiz olan yeşil alan ve parklar son yıllarda artan olumsuz iklim
koşullarına bağlı olarak afet riski altındadır. Bu anlamda çalışmamız afetlerin çocuk oyun alanları
üzerindeki baskısını ve risklerini ortaya koyacağı için ayrıca önem taşımaktadır. İklimsel salınımlara
uyum süreçleri hakkında farkındalığı arttırmak, afet yönetimi ve çözüm sürecine katkıda bulunacak
bilgiyi sağlamak çalışma sahası için de özellikle son yıllarda artan yağışların etkisiyle daha da önem
kazanmaktadır. Sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımı ile geliştirilen bir kent çevreye verdiği zararı en aza indirerek
kaynakların korunmasını sağlayabilir. Bu bağlamda Atakum ilçesindeki çocuk oyun alanlarının afet
riskinin belirlenmesi ve sunulacak önerilerle hem iklim salınımlarının yarattığı doğal afetler konusuna,
hem de sürdürülebilir çevre ile kentsel tasarım konularında şehre katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu doğrultuda
çalışmamızda öncelikle Atakum ilçesindeki çocuk oyun alanlarının yer tespiti yapılarak CBS ortamında
dağılışları gerçekleştirilmiş ve haritalandırılmıştır. Ardından şehrin taşkın, sel ve heyelan gibi doğal afet
risk haritaları oluşturulmuş ve yine CBS ortamında oyun alan haritaları ile eşleştirilmiştir. Bu eşleştirme
sonucunda bazı park alanlarında (Büyük Oyumca mahallesindeki park alanları) heyelan riski tespit
edilmiştir. Diğer doğal afet risk durumlarına yönelik çalışmalar devam etmektedir. Çalışmanın
sonucunda günümüzdeki ve gelecekteki olası afetlerin çocuk oyun alanları üzerinde oluşturacakları
riskleri belirlendikten sonra sonuç ve öneriler ile yeni kullanım alan ve özellikleri ortaya konulacaktır.

The historic centre of the Iraqi city of
Al-Najaf embraces a seasonal pilgrimage to
its holy sites that forces unusual urban conditions.
This paper examines the impact of
development projects and studies on the heritage
integrity of the public (religious). This
paper, therefore, recommends raising public
awareness to adopt design approaches to
face the overflow of visitors and the loss of
heritage identity.

Purpose-The objective of this paper is mainly to contribute to and activate, the process of saving and preserving the rich tangible and intangible heritage embraced in the historic center of Al-Najaf city. This was possible through examining the existing historic urban and architectural structures of the city, unveiling the major issues that are threatening both its traditional cultural and architectural identity, and finally analyzing similar examples that proved to be successful in addressing similar problems in order to derive possible strategies for saving, preserving and revitalizing the historical center of Al-Najaf Old City. Design/methodology/approach-This paper addresses the major problems of heritage preservation in Al-Najaf City (750 AD), which is one of the historical and most sacred religious centers especially for Shia Muslims around the world. Despite its importance, the rich cultural and architectural heritage of the city is dramatically neglected and seriously threatened to be lost. Findings-Preservation in Al-Najaf City is proposed as a sustainable development strategy. Top-down and bottom-up strategies are proposed not only for preserving the historic architectural and urban characteristics of the city but also for reviving its social and cultural activities and traditions. Originality/value-The major issues addressed in this paper include the fragmentation and decentralization of the cohesive traditional urban fabric, the disruption of the spatial organization, the deformation of the traditional architectural characteristics of the city and its skyline, the discontinuity of facades' patterns, the destruction and demolition of historical buildings, the transformation of land use, and the regression of traditional social and cultural activities.

This paper focuses on the dramatic transformation of the inherited historical urban and architectural characteristics of the city of Al-Najaf in Iraq, seeking new ways of seeing the possibilities of preserving and revitalizing the historical center of the city. In addition to being one of the most sacred centers for Shia Muslims, Al-Najaf has a rich cultural and architectural heritage. Its architectural characteristics and urban structure not only

Questioning the boom of commercial complexes in Jeddah and their lack of sense of identity is a key aspect to enhance the urban identity of the city. Exhibiting a myriad of designs that are completely alien to local environmental, cultural, traditional, and social contexts, Jeddah is one of the cities that was highly affected by urbanization; thus, its architecture witnessed dramatic transformation away from their traditional architecture which threatened the city’s distinctiveness and uniqueness. Influenced by the project’s site, the research studies the importance, impact, and implementation of urban regeneration. As a result, the project examines architectural critical regionalism which is generated by rooting down the tangible and intangible architectural details to traditional context and socio-cultural aspects, evoking a sense of place.

recepción de originales junio 2012 aceptación definitiva octubre 2012 resumen: en el año 1919 se declaraba monumento histórico artístico la «casa del pópulo» 1 , uno de los edificios más emblemáticos de la ciudad de baeza, con objeto de evitar su venta y traslado. a partir de este momento y a lo largo de varios años sufrirá varias intervenciones con distinto criterio que han marcado su imagen actual y permiten observar con claridad la aplicación práctica de las distintas teorías de intervención en monumentos del siglo xx en españa. palabras clave: restauración monumental, conservación, criterios, leopoldo torres balbás, Francisco prieto-moreno pardo, casa del pópulo, baeza. abstract: the «casa del populo», one of baeza' s most emblematic buildings, was declared Historic artistic monument in 1919, in order to avoid its sale and transfer out of the city. From that moment and over a number of years suffered several interventions with different approaches which have marked its current image and allow us to observe clearly the practical application of differents theories in monumental restoration during the twentieth century in spain.

This paper title provokes us and brings us back to the New Athens Charter published in 2003 by the European Council of Town Planners. The aim is to discuss the city's planning based on the urban features we have inherited
from the past, with the understanding of history in its evolutionary form and the city as an open-ended process in continuous construction. It's not about preserving, but adapting, reusing and creating again, reinforcing urban resilience and the identity of each place. Today's needs and the crises we face - climate change, the housing crisis and migration - call for a transformation of the city and behaviour so that cities become sustainable, healthy habitats that guarantee quality of life for all.

El artículo presenta una aproximación a la evolución histórica de los chircales (ladrilleras) de Bogotá, haciendo énfasis en su aporte al desarrollo arquitectónico y urbano de la ciudad durante el período 1810-1920. Se incluye un panorama de la arquitectura de transición que da cuenta de los estilos, los arquitectos y los materiales de construcción. Se realiza un análisis de la calidad de los materiales producidos en los chircales en el período de estudio, y la evolución de las técnicas para producirlos. Se identifican las primeras obras que usan el ladrillo a la vista como único material de fachada en la arquitectura industrial, residencial, civil, educativa y religiosa de la ciudad. Como conclusión se resalta la importancia del período de transición en la consolidación del uso del ladrillo a la vista como material que, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, caracterizó la arquitectura de Bogotá.

Contributi e saggi pubblicati in questo volume sono stati valutati preventivamente secondo il criterio internazionale della Double-blind Peer Review. I diritti di traduzione, riproduzione e adattamento totale o parziale e con qualsiasi mezzo (compresi i microfilm e le copie fotostatiche) sono riservati per tutti i Paesi. L'editore è a disposizione degli aventi diritto per eventuali riproduzioni tratte da fonti non identificate. INDICE 19 | Presentazione Presentation ALFREDO BUCCARO 23 | Introduzione Memorie, storie e immagini della città e del paesaggio Introduction Memories, stories and imagies of cities and landascape FRANCESCA CAPANO, MASSIMO VISONE PARTE I / PART I Archeologia urbana e scavo, memoria e reimpiego: una lettura pluridirezionale dei siti storici Excavation, memory and reuse: a multi-directional reading of historical sites BIANCA FERRARA, FEDERICO RAUSA CAP.1 L'archeologia urbana e l'archeologia in città Urban archaeology and archaeology in the city BIANCA FERRARA

Why a Cultural Laboratory? Borne from a need for a more culturally sensitive manner of packaging tourism in the Philippines, the Ateneo Cultural Laboratory, conducted jointly by the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Department of History, the Program of Fine Arts, and the JG School of Management of the Ateneo de Manila University, brings together academic research, education and tourism. University students, professors, cultural professionals and local communities work together to increase the tourism potential of selected areas in a way that recognizes local history, culture and traditions. The brainchild of anthropologist, writer and cultural heritage advocate Dr. Fernando Zialcita of the Ateneo De Manila's Department of Sociology and Anthropology, the cultural laboratory aims to involve the inhabitants in the process of cultural heritage conservation, historical awareness and marketing of local products.

The ongoing “thermical rehabilitation” campaign in Romania is basically an action to insulate hundreds of thousands of dwellings. It started with the socialist blocks of glats and the went further, on apartment buildings and houses from the end of the 19th century or the modernist interwar period. The law states that if those buildinga are not listed (and, of course, not many of them are) you can freely clad them: a cultural catastrophy. But even from a technical and generally strategic point of view, this is not sustainable: an almost total public financing for completely private property is quite unjust; it’s just about a skin and new windows, and not about a comprehensive rehabilitation, that would the structure, the installations, architectural spaces and expression. It is done in a hurried and superficial way, technical problems are abundant etc. It would seem that here sustainability fights against the heritage, but it’s actually about a very wrong way of understanding what sustainable really means.

A city is a place where buildings and open space fit together as a harmonious whole, each distinct to itself but both forming part of a family unit. Urban public open spaces are highly valued for their contribution to the quality of life in cities (Tenkel 1963, Burgess, Harrison, and Limb 1988, Madanipour 1999). Historically, public open spaces have been classified into 3 types, each of which address community needs in different ways; active open space, such as playgrounds and sporting fields; passive open space, such as parks and green areas; and urban buffers such as conservation areas. The aim of this paper is to examine if the percentage of open space in older suburbs has changed over time due to residential infill development, how the supply of open space in older suburbs compares with new suburbs. The method adopted for this research was a comparative analysis of old and new suburbs selected to undertake the research. The study found that incremental redevelopment of old suburbs through both resubdivision and intensification of development on existing allotments has resulted in a progressive loss of open space. However the study also confirmed that the current supplies of open space across all the study areas (old and new suburbs) are relatively similar. The main difference between the open space supply in older and newer suburbs is the ownership of the land (i.e. proportion of public versus private open space). The study demonstrated that older suburbs with large allotments have experienced a significant loss of private open space-down from around 50% originally to current levels of 23-30%. The paper concludes that there is a need for a holistic approach to the provision of public and private open spaces to improve the quality of life at a residential level.

Contributi e saggi pubblicati in questo volume sono stati valutati preventivamente secondo il criterio internazionale della Double-blind Peer Review. Tutto il materiale pubblicato è distribuito con licenza "Creative Commons-Attribuzione" (CC-BY 4.0). L'editore è a disposizione degli aventi diritto per eventuali riproduzioni tratte da fonti non identificate. INDICE

This essay is an attempt to trace the rise of Gothic Revival architecture in Bombay through a deep reading of its university buildings. The Gothic Revival in India can be seen as a moral imperative to supplant the proclivity for the Classical style. For the ruling elite, the Gothic was seen as true, nationalistic and a Christian alternative. Bombay's native citizens played a prominent role its business and financial affairs. The munificence of Cowasjee Jehangir and Premchand Roychand financed the construction of the University Buildings. Gilbert Scott, the greatest exponent of neo-Gothic architecture of the time, was approached to design the Senate Hall, Library and Clock Tower. His designs were an eclectic mix of Gothic Styles across Europe adapted to Bombay's tropical climate and the ornament was secularized. These attempts an adapted Gothic clearly foreground an imperial agenda. These buildings stand as testimony to the establishment of the British Empire in India and its complete dominance on the subject populations through the twin hegemonies of education and architecture.