Papers by Cognizance Journal Multidisciplinary Studies
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study measured the degree of systemic inequities and social justice among the personnel of a... more This study measured the degree of systemic inequities and social justice among the personnel of a community college to inform the development of a professional development plan. Employing a descriptive-comparative research design with a census of all 36 permanent faculty and staff, the research utilized a researcher-made survey with a 5-point Likert scale. Data analysis, which included means, standard deviations, and the Mann-Whitney U test, found a significant departure from normality, justifying the use of a non-parametric test. Results revealed an overall neutral perception of systemic equity among the personnel (M=3.31, SD=1.03). The study found no statistically significant difference in perceptions between faculty and staff (U=80, p=0.184), indicating that both groups perceive similar levels of equity or justice. Specific items, such as access to professional development and social trust, were also rated as neutral. The findings suggest a potential lack of awareness or engagement with systemic inequities within the college. The conclusion highlights this neutrality not as a sign of a problem-free environment, but as a critical opportunity for proactive change. The study recommends implementing targeted professional development programs, enhancing transparency, and fostering dialogue to shift the institutional culture from a passive, neutral state to a more actively equitable one.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study investigates the environmental management compliance system of the University of the C... more This study investigates the environmental management compliance system of the University of the Cordilleras through a mixed-methods approach, critically evaluating institutional performance in energy conservation, waste management, and environmental reporting within the context of Philippine higher education. Employing a combination of quantitative survey data and qualitative interviews with administrators, faculty, and students, the research applies systems thinking and stakeholder theory as conceptual lenses to capture both operational outcomes and organizational culture. Findings demonstrate a high degree of compliance with energy and waste management standards, driven by best practices in resource efficiency, water recycling, waste segregation, and proactive stakeholder engagement. However, the analysis also exposes persistent challenges in internal and external reporting due to fragmented accountability structures and limitations in data integration and dissemination. The study advances a comprehensive environmental management compliance system (EMCS) model, recommending institutional investments in automated data systems, structured compliance oversight, and continuous stakeholder training aligned with international standards such as ISO 14001. By integrating empirical findings with global best practices and conceptual frameworks, this paper offers actionable insights for universities seeking to advance campus sustainability, regulatory compliance, and data-driven environmental governance in rapidly evolving educational landscapes.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study addresses the critical need to enhance student and teacher research skills, attitudes,... more This study addresses the critical need to enhance student and teacher research skills, attitudes, and practical competencies in Science, Technology, and Innovation activities – a gap identified in current educational programs. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mentoring intervention designed to improve these outcomes among students and teachers. Employing a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests to assess changes in research skills and attitudes, while qualitative data gathered from teacher interviews contextualized these effects through thematic analysis. The results revealed statistically significant improvements in research competencies and positive shifts in attitudes (p<.000), complemented by qualitative evidence of increased confidence, technical skill enhancement, and active student participation in national STI events and competitions. These findings suggest the mentoring program’s success in fostering holistic student development, with implications for educational practice emphasizing structured mentoring and experiential learning to prepare students for competitive and professional research environments.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study examined the supervisory approaches of the Department of Education (DepEd) in geograph... more This study examined the supervisory approaches of the Department of Education (DepEd) in geographically disadvantaged mountainous elementary schools, assessing their effectiveness in enhancing teaching quality and learner outcomes. Forty-four respondents—comprising four elementary school supervisors, eight school heads, and thirty-two teachers—participated. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency counts, percentages, means, and standard deviations) to describe respondent profiles, supervisory practices, and their rated effectiveness. Inferential tests, including ANOVA and t-tests, determined differences in perceptions based on respondent profiles and school characteristics. Qualitative insights from interviews and focus group discussions underwent thematic analysis to provide deeper context and triangulation. Findings revealed significant challenges to supervision, including difficult terrain, limited resources, and irregular school visits. Despite these barriers, adaptive strategies such as flexible scheduling, digital communication tools, and coordination with community leaders supported continuous oversight. Supervisors emphasized mentoring, professional guidance, and collaborative problem-solving rather than strict compliance monitoring, underscoring a developmental approach to supervision. Community involvement, particularly the participation of local leaders and parents, helped address geographic barriers and strengthened school support. Effectiveness ratings were high for enhanced teacher competence (M = 4.32) and capacity-building initiatives (M = 4.25), confirming that mentoring and professional development improve instructional strategies and classroom engagement. Context-sensitive strategies also scored well (M = 4.05), while inconsistent implementation received moderate ratings (M = 3.21). ANOVA results indicated no significant differences among respondent groups (F = 2.31, p = 0.095) or school locations (F = 1.87, p = 0.134), suggesting broad agreement on supervisory strengths and needed improvements. A supervisory enhancement plan was proposed, highlighting strengthened mentoring, localized training, flexible schedules, digital monitoring, and community partnerships to improve supervision in remote schools.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study explored the implementation of the Program to Institutionalize Meritocracy and Excelle... more This study explored the implementation of the Program to Institutionalize Meritocracy and Excellence in Human Resource Management (PRIME-HRM) across State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in Samar Island. It aimed to assess the extent of implementation of four PRIME-HRM core systems—Recruitment, Selection, and Placement (RSP); Learning and Development (L&D); Performance Management (PM); and Rewards and Recognition (R&R)—and identify institutional best practices to inform a context-specific HRM model.
A mixed-methods explanatory sequential design was used. Quantitative data were gathered from 648 respondents using validated tools, while qualitative data were obtained through focus group discussions guided by the Appreciative Inquiry 4D model (Discovery, Dream, Design, Destiny). Thematic analysis was employed in the qualitative phase to extract institutional strengths.
Quantitative results showed that all four PRIME-HRM components were “Much Implemented” (MI), with PM and RSP receiving the highest mean scores. Qualitative data revealed six emergent themes: (1) a clear and development-oriented performance evaluation system, (2) meritocratic and inclusive recruitment practices, (3) effective implementation with continuous PRIME-HRM advancement, (4) supportive and structured L&D systems, (5) collaborative and participatory HR governance, and (6) technology-enabled and data-driven HRM transformation. These themes emphasized not only compliance with Civil Service Commission standards but also institutional values of transparency, equity, empowerment, and innovation.
The analysis of quantitative and qualitative findings revealed that Samar Island SUCs possess foundational HRM systems with high implementation levels, supported by collaborative governance and forward-looking digital strategies. However, gaps in system automation and structured evaluation persist. The study proposes an enhanced HRM model for SUCs that integrates strategic leadership, inclusive practices, and digital infrastructure to elevate HR maturity levels and achieve long-term PRIME-HRM sustainability.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This article examines the essential competencies and strategic approaches required to develop a s... more This article examines the essential competencies and strategic approaches required to develop a successful career in Cloud-Native Identity and Access Management (IAM). Through analysis of industry trends, technical skill requirements, protocol specializations, and professional development pathways, a comprehensive framework is established for practitioners seeking to advance in this specialized field. The convergence of cloud platforms, containerization technologies, and microservices architectures has fundamentally transformed identity management implementation paradigms, creating both challenges and opportunities for security professionals. By developing robust technical foundations, mastering specialized protocols, building compelling portfolios, and pursuing continuous learning, practitioners can position themselves effectively in this rapidly evolving domain.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
Traditional assessment methods in higher education (HE), predominantly high-stakes examinations a... more Traditional assessment methods in higher education (HE), predominantly high-stakes examinations and standardized tests, face increasing criticism for potentially failing to capture the breadth and depth of student learning, fostering surface learning, and inadequately preparing graduates for complex professional environments. This has spurred significant interest in Alternative Assessment Methods (AAMs). This systematic literature review synthesizes empirical research from 2013 to 2024 to evaluate the effectiveness of AAMs in HE. Following PRISMA guidelines, 35 peer-reviewed studies were analyzed. Findings indicate that AAMs (e.g., portfolios, peer assessment, authentic tasks, simulations, self-assessment, e-portfolios, concept maps) demonstrate effectiveness in enhancing student engagement, promoting deeper learning, developing critical transferable skills (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, metacognition), and improving feedback literacy. However, significant challenges exist, including increased workload for staff and students, reliability concerns, resistance to change, technological barriers, and the need for careful design and robust marking criteria. The review concludes that AAMs are not inherently superior but offer distinct advantages when aligned with learning outcomes, context, and implemented effectively. Recommendations include strategic institutional support, comprehensive staff development, transparent communication, and further research into specific disciplinary applications, long-term impact, and technology-enhanced AAMs.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
Evaluating the core of compensation benefits that drives employee performance at selected hotels ... more Evaluating the core of compensation benefits that drives employee performance at selected hotels in Cebu City had been the primary purpose of this study. The study examined the relationship between financial compensation, indirect financial compensation, and non-financial compensation as components of compensation benefits and employee performance. A survey was conducted through questionnaires as instruments to collect the related data with a total number of 120 employees in the hotel as respondents. Descriptive methods were used in the study to gauge the frequency and percentage distribution of the participants' demographic profile. In addition, the relationship between compensation benefits and employee performance was examined through regression analysis. The respondents indicated that although employees recognized their financial and indirect financial compensation benefits, they had not perceived them as highly motivating or fulfilling enough to significantly enhance their engagement or performance level. The non-financial compensation had stood out as the key and primary factor influencing how employees had perceived their performance. The said analysis had rejected the study's hypothesis, showing a strong correlation between compensation benefits and employee performance. As a recommendation, hotels were encouraged to improve and refine their Compensation benefits; providing non-financial compensation is the highest priority, as revealed by this study. A competitive compensation benefits plan is the cornerstone of employee retention and motivation. Additionally, this study also holds a valuable resource for hotels within Cebu City and individuals pursuing a Master are in Business Administration (MBA), as it offers important perspectives to examine the significance of compensation benefits in improving business performance, especially in the hotel industry.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study focuses on designing and developing a sustainable and innovative alternative to conven... more This study focuses on designing and developing a sustainable and innovative alternative to conventional construction materials by incorporating fly ash and coconut shell into concrete mixtures and evaluating its performance and acceptability at Cebu Technological University–Pinamungajan Campus during the Academic Year 2024–2025. Grounded in the principles of green construction, the research emphasizes resource optimization, effective utilization of waste, and the development of eco-friendly building solutions. The study specifically examines the physical and mechanical properties of concrete bricks containing fly ash and coconut shell, including bulk density, specific gravity, water absorption, slump behavior, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, drying shrinkage, and moisture content. Durability and water absorption were assessed following ASTM C642 standards to ensure material reliability. Additionally, technical requirements for producing sustainable construction materials were analyzed, encompassing material composition and formulation, processing techniques, quality control measures, standardization, certification, and strategies for technology adoption and knowledge dissemination. The study also evaluated stakeholder perceptions regarding the acceptability of these alternative materials, considering environmental impact, technological innovation, durability, cost-effectiveness, regulatory compliance, overall stakeholder acceptance, and perceived risks. Comparative analysis with conventional masonry bricks was conducted to determine significant differences in strength, durability, and sustainability attributes. The findings aim to advance eco-friendly construction by presenting a feasible, cost-efficient, and environmentally responsible alternative to traditional masonry materials, addressing issues related to agricultural and industrial waste. Ultimately, this research offers guidance regarding the adoption of green construction technologies, supporting both local and global sustainability initiatives.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping medical diagnostics, promising enhanced accuracy, effic... more Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping medical diagnostics, promising enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility. From detecting cancers in radiology to predicting disease progression, AI’s potential is heralded as revolutionary. However, challenges such as data biases, ethical concerns, and regulatory gaps raise questions about whether AI’s impact is overhyped. This commentary evaluates AI’s role in diagnostics, balancing its transformative capabilities against practical and ethical limitations. Drawing on recent studies and real-world applications, it argues that while AI is a powerful tool, its success depends on addressing technical and societal challenges to ensure equitable and reliable integration into healthcare.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
Cellular senescence is a central hallmark of aging, functioning as a double-edged process that pr... more Cellular senescence is a central hallmark of aging, functioning as a double-edged process that prevents malignant transformation while contributing to tissue dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Recent advances emphasize the critical role of epigenetic modifications—including DNA methylation, histone changes, chromatin remodeling, and regulation by non-coding RNAs—in both initiating and maintaining the senescent state. These mechanisms drive the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), promote inflammatory signaling, and shape the aging phenotype. The development of epigenetic clocks has provided powerful tools to estimate biological age and evaluate therapeutic interventions. Emerging strategies such as epigenetic drugs, partial reprogramming with Yamanaka factors, and the integration of senolytics with epigenetic modulators show promise in restoring youthful cellular function and delaying age-related decline. Future directions highlight the integration of multi-omics data, CRISPR-based epigenome editing, and next-generation clocks to refine biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. Collectively, targeting epigenetic regulation of senescence represents a promising pathway toward healthier aging and longevity.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study examined the different approaches to school administration and supervision and their i... more This study examined the different approaches to school administration and supervision and their implications for delivering quality education in selected Basic Education, Technical-Vocational, and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) located in Toledo City, Pinamungajan, and Aloguinsan within the 3rd District of Cebu Province, Philippines. In the context of globalization, technological advancement, and shifting socio-cultural norms, schools face increasing challenges that indicate that they require ethical and responsive leadership to ensure equitable access to education. Anchored on applied educational management and aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4), the research explored how various leadership models—ranging from traditional bureaucratic to modern transformational, instructional, and distributed approaches—impact teacher performance, curriculum implementation, student achievement, and the overall school climate. Employing a mixed-methods design, the study collected quantitative data through standardized survey questionnaires from 75 respondents composed of administrators, department heads, and teachers, analyzed using descriptive statistics. Semi-structured interviews with selected school leaders provided complementary qualitative insights, which we analyzed thematically to uncover recurring patterns and deeper perspectives on leadership practices. Results showed that transformational and instructional leadership were the most widely practiced and effective styles, significantly enhancing teacher performance, curriculum delivery, and student engagement. Challenges identified included limited resources, insufficient time for supervision, and lack of continuous professional training. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive, inclusive, and context-sensitive leadership in strengthening school performance and advancing the objectives of SDG 4. The study recommends sustained leadership development initiatives and policy interventions tailored to the specific needs of different educational levels and institutions.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
In this study, comprehensive general information related to the field of health has been presente... more In this study, comprehensive general information related to the field of health has been presented, and the formation of the concept of sustainable development has been explained in detail. Within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations, Turkey’s performance under the goal of “Good Health and Well-Being” (SDG 3) has been examined through time series analysis. Health and quality of life indicators specific to Turkey have been analyzed over the years, trends have been identified, and forecasts for the future have been made.
The global significance and role of the health and well-being goal have been discussed, and Turkey’s current situation in line with this objective has been evaluated. The definitions of the indicators used, data sources (TurkStat, World Bank, WHO, Ministry of Health, etc.), and time series modeling methods have been elaborated.
This study analyzes Turkey’s SDG 3 performance based on quantitative data and aims to provide a data-driven contribution to health policies. In order to guide future policy planning, priority areas for intervention in the health system have been identified, and a roadmap has been proposed in the context of sustainable development.
The findings reveal that Turkey has shown a general improving trend in health indicators in recent years; however, risks remain in certain areas regarding sustainability. Moreover, with the help of time series forecasting models, it is projected that while some indicators may reach the targeted levels by 2030, others will require further policy interventions.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
The upsurge of antimicrobial resistance prompts an increased need for advanced theoretical approa... more The upsurge of antimicrobial resistance prompts an increased need for advanced theoretical approaches to facilitate drug-target understanding. The present work deals with molecular docking and interaction modeling studies on the binding behavior of Vancomycin with a bacterial receptor protein (PDB ID: 6H5O). The detailed analysis of the 3D binding conformation indicated strong hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the key residues Tyr47, Ser195, and Phe41. The docking score was –9.4 kcal/mol, indicating high favorable binding, enriched by the binding energy calculated from MM-GBSA analysis: –56.3 kcal/mol. Complimentary 2D interaction diagrams summarized total five such hydrogen bonding besides several hydrophobic contacts that stabilize the complex. The decomposition of the energies of the residues placed Phe41 and Tyr47 at the frontline in the contribution to the binding interaction with –3.6 kcal/mol and –2.9 kcal/mol, respectively. These results prove in many ways the use of in silico simulations for predicting and visualizing very important molecular recognition patterns. This should be key in making targeted drug delivery systems and smart antibiotic materials. Theoretically, this is a part of the big area of structure-based drug design. It will also help more actively in the future to make different kinds of materials that can act like little sensors of changing microbial environments.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study aimed to enhance technician education through the development of improved instructiona... more This study aimed to enhance technician education through the development of improved instructional materials in Drafting, Construction, Welding, and Electronics Processes by applying the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) framework. The initiative was anchored on the need to address persistent gaps in instructional content, particularly the lack of contextualized, competency-based, and sustainability-integrated learning modules aligned with TESDA standards and community-based training programs. A mixed-method research design was employed, utilizing surveys, interviews, observation checklists, and validation rubrics to gather data from 172 participants, including TVET instructors, BTVTED trainees, and community extension beneficiaries. Descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, standard deviation) were used to evaluate existing materials and training strategies, while inferential analyses such as paired t-tests and ANOVA assessed improvements and stakeholder perception. Findings revealed that current instructional practices were generally satisfactory in content relevance and trainer effectiveness but lacked in digital tool integration and sustainability content. Significant learning gaps and training needs were identified, particularly the demand for localized, hands-on training and capacity building for trainers. The DMAIC methodology proved effective in guiding the systematic development of instructional modules, with all phases rated highly by stakeholders. The developed modules were evaluated as very satisfactory to excellent in terms of student learning outcomes, instructional delivery, usefulness, and impact on community training. Statistical results confirmed a significant improvement in learner performance (p < 0.001) and notable differences in stakeholder feedback (p = 0.019), suggesting varied user experiences that warrant continuous refinement. The study concludes that applying DMAIC principles in instructional material development offers a strategic and scalable approach for improving technical education and advancing sustainable skills training across communities.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This paper presents a training needs assessment (TNA) undertaken for the Mentorship Program in pr... more This paper presents a training needs assessment (TNA) undertaken for the Mentorship Program in preparation for the National Robotics Competition (NRC) 2025. Fifteen junior high school students from Cagayan de Oro National High School were surveyed to evaluate robotics-related skills, confidence, and resource access. Results showed low confidence in Sumobot assembly (M = 2.27, SD = 0.88) and scoring system knowledge (M = 2.07, SD = 1.16), while teamwork was rated highest (M = 3.80, SD = 1.01). The overall composite confidence score was 2.59 (SD = 0.85), indicating a low-to-moderate readiness level. Access to resources was uneven: only 40% had Sumobot kits, whereas 80% had Line Tracing robots (p = .035). Reliability analysis confirmed excellent internal consistency of the nine-item confidence scale (Cronbach’s α = .94). An independent samples t-test revealed that students with prior competition experience (M = 2.87, SD = 0.85) reported higher confidence than those without (M = 2.33, SD = 0.83), though the difference was not statistically significant, t(13) = -1.25, p = .235. The findings highlight critical training gaps in Sumobot preparation and resource allocation, providing evidence to guide targeted mentorship and capacity-building strategies for NRC readiness.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
This study focused to determine the level of spending habits of BSHM students of Northern Negros ... more This study focused to determine the level of spending habits of BSHM students of Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology using a descriptive quantitative type of research design. Stratified random sampling was used to determine the 166 respondents. A modified type of questionnaire was used for data collection. Respondents were found to spend tightly on personal needs and academic purposes and loose in terms of food and transportation. Meanwhile, Independent sample test and Analysis of Variance were used to test the difference on spending habits when grouped according to profile variables. It can be concluded that year level is the determinant of the difference on spending habits of BSHM students while sex and weekly allowance was found insignificant. From the findings and conclusion of this study on the level of spending habits of BSHM students, the research advances following recommendations to help the institution formulate interventions to improve and enhance the financial literacy education of Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology. Strengthening the effectiveness on how to manage their finances for second-year students and third-year students with tight competencies is critical for their academic performance and might affect their professional preparations. To fulfill this, the institution should consider implementing basic financial programs or related symposiums to deepen the understanding about the importance of a well-structured budgetary plan for student’s basis.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
The study investigates the impact of interest rates on the operational strategies and financial m... more The study investigates the impact of interest rates on the operational strategies and financial management practices of lending agencies and cooperatives within the municipality of Naval. Using a quantitative descriptive research design, the study gathered data from 31 local lending institutions and cooperatives to assess how fluctuations in interest rates influence areas such as profitability, capital adequacy, interest income, credit policy, risk management, lending criteria, repayment structures, pricing strategies, product diversification, cost control, and client communication. Survey instruments were employed to collect responses across several thematic variables, which were analyzed using weighted mean computations and reliability testing. The findings revealed that most institutions strongly agree on the importance of client communication and education, particularly in maintaining trust and loan performance during rate fluctuations. Additionally, strategies such as financial product diversification, adaptive pricing, and operational efficiency were seen as vital in sustaining institutional resilience. These results underscore the proactive measures taken by lending agencies and cooperatives to navigate changing economic conditions. It is recommended that institutions further enhance their financial literacy programs for clients to improve decision-making and repayment behavior during both low and high-interest rate periods.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
Women entrepreneurs are significant contributors to the economic development of any country and t... more Women entrepreneurs are significant contributors to the economic development of any country and their role becomes more vital in improving the economic condition of developing countries. This highlights the important role of women-owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and their entrepreneurial success. This study investigates the factors influencing the success of women entrepreneurs in Naval, Biliran, and the challenges they face. A total of 258 women entrepreneurs were randomly selected to participate using a modified standardized questionnaire. Employing a quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational design, the study utilized Spearman’s correlation to assess relationships between entrepreneurial traits and business success. Results revealed that the need for achievement, self-confidence, and risk-taking significantly contribute to business success, while legal constraints were not perceived as major barriers. However, participants reported considerable challenges such as limited training and education, lack of social and cultural support, restricted access to financial resources, and difficulties in balancing work and family roles. Notably, a significant positive correlation between educational attainment and the ability to overcome socio-cultural barriers was identified, suggesting that higher education enables women to better navigate societal expectations and limitations. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including training programs, accessible funding, and family-inclusive strategies, to support the growth and success of women-owned businesses. The results offer valuable insights for policymakers and development agencies aiming to create a more supportive entrepreneurial ecosystem for women in the region.
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2025
The study examined the career paths of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) grad... more The study examined the career paths of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) graduates from Biliran Province State University, specifically focusing on the graduates of the academic year 2022–2023. The aim was to understand the factors influencing their career decisions and the challenges they encountered in entering the workforce. A descriptive research design was used, involving 167 graduates as respondents. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using frequency, percentage, and weighted mean to assess socio-demographic profiles, employment status, influencing factors, and employment-related challenges. The results showed that most of the graduates were young, single, and employed full-time, although a significant number worked in jobs not entirely aligned with their degree. Family financial status emerged as a key influence in shaping their career decisions, more so than direct parental expectations. Graduates also indicated that job availability, industry demand, and opportunities for growth were among the most important factors affecting their employment choices. There was a clear preference for full-time work with stable income and benefits. Challenges faced by the graduates included limited work experience, competition in a saturated job market, and a mismatch between academic training and industry-required skills. Internship experience was noted as highly beneficial in securing employment, while many also pursued additional certifications to meet job requirements. Overall, the findings suggest that BSBA graduates are practical in their career planning, often balancing personal interests with job market realities. Their experiences highlight the need for stronger industry-academic and community linkages, enhanced internship programs that aligned the program, entrepreneurship incubator system, and updated curricular offerings that reflect current employment demands.
Uploads
Papers by Cognizance Journal Multidisciplinary Studies
A mixed-methods explanatory sequential design was used. Quantitative data were gathered from 648 respondents using validated tools, while qualitative data were obtained through focus group discussions guided by the Appreciative Inquiry 4D model (Discovery, Dream, Design, Destiny). Thematic analysis was employed in the qualitative phase to extract institutional strengths.
Quantitative results showed that all four PRIME-HRM components were “Much Implemented” (MI), with PM and RSP receiving the highest mean scores. Qualitative data revealed six emergent themes: (1) a clear and development-oriented performance evaluation system, (2) meritocratic and inclusive recruitment practices, (3) effective implementation with continuous PRIME-HRM advancement, (4) supportive and structured L&D systems, (5) collaborative and participatory HR governance, and (6) technology-enabled and data-driven HRM transformation. These themes emphasized not only compliance with Civil Service Commission standards but also institutional values of transparency, equity, empowerment, and innovation.
The analysis of quantitative and qualitative findings revealed that Samar Island SUCs possess foundational HRM systems with high implementation levels, supported by collaborative governance and forward-looking digital strategies. However, gaps in system automation and structured evaluation persist. The study proposes an enhanced HRM model for SUCs that integrates strategic leadership, inclusive practices, and digital infrastructure to elevate HR maturity levels and achieve long-term PRIME-HRM sustainability.
The global significance and role of the health and well-being goal have been discussed, and Turkey’s current situation in line with this objective has been evaluated. The definitions of the indicators used, data sources (TurkStat, World Bank, WHO, Ministry of Health, etc.), and time series modeling methods have been elaborated.
This study analyzes Turkey’s SDG 3 performance based on quantitative data and aims to provide a data-driven contribution to health policies. In order to guide future policy planning, priority areas for intervention in the health system have been identified, and a roadmap has been proposed in the context of sustainable development.
The findings reveal that Turkey has shown a general improving trend in health indicators in recent years; however, risks remain in certain areas regarding sustainability. Moreover, with the help of time series forecasting models, it is projected that while some indicators may reach the targeted levels by 2030, others will require further policy interventions.