Critical Regionalism

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers.  Plan of the thcentury Kandariya Mahadev temple at Khajuraho, built by the Chandella Rajputs.  Concentric zones of a palace, drawn according to the description in the Manasara.  Akbari diplomacy: the Emperor receives the keys of the fort at Gagraun from its governor in ; from an Akbarnama of c. .   The entrance to the Govind Dev temple at Vrindavan.  Rama Mandir (with murtis of Rama-Sita).  th-century apartments around the Moti Mahal Chowk in the fort of Mehrangarh, in Jodhpur.

Kako razmišlja arhitekta koji gradi tiho, ali ostavlja dubok trag - "Budite fleksibilni i putujte - da biste upoznali i osetili - to je početak za arhitektu!"

Ovim rečima svetski poznati čileanski arhitekta hrvatskog porekla, Smiljan Radić Clarke, završava intervju za portal Gradnja, šaljući poruku mladim arhitektima kako najbolje da izoštre čula za projektantski rad koji zahteva iskustva i impulse. Svako putovanje, a nadasve ono u daleke i manje poznate krajeve, predstavlja za arhitektu priliku da vidi, oseti, doživi i spozna drugačije kontekste. Za mene je prošlogodišnji odlazak u Čile imao posebnu notu, jer sam se odmah po dolasku, zahvaljujući Andriji Rusanu-osnivaču časopisa Oris, susreo sa Smiljanom Radićem.

The aim of this study is to analyse a very common phenomenon in Malaysia, namely multilingualism, and provide evidence of how multilingualism could enhance the relationship between the ASEAN countries and South Korea. A survey of 50 Malaysian students was conducted to assess their proficiency in and knowledge of ASEAN and Korean languages, and a series of interviews was conducted with the same group of students. The results of the survey showed that 92% of respondents were multilingual, able to speak Malay, English, and at least one other language, indicating that multilingualism is a widespread phenomenon here in Malaysia. The majority of the respondents agreed that multilingualism improved their problem-solving skills, led to greater academic success, boosted career prospects, helped them understand cultural differences, enhanced their self-esteem, and expanded their social networks. Normalising multilingualism could be a simple way of enhancing the relationship between the ASEAN countries and South Korea. This can be achieved through the exchange of expertise, student exchange programmes, and through educational institutes. It is hoped that this study will provide policymakers with foundational ideas on how multilingualism could bridge the gap and enhance relationships between countries.

Modern Portuguese architecture has been seen as the result of an eminently empirical and intuitive practice, dissociated from any effort of theoretical structuring. This paper intends to contradict that predominant view, presenting the notion of spatial limit as a subject that earned particular consideration from a younger, more critical and intellectually demanding generation of architects. Firstly, it introduces two notions directly related to limit - ‘extensions of the dwelling’ and ‘transition-space’ - presented in theses by Nuno Portas (b. 1934) and Pedro Vieira de Almeida (1933-2011) respectively, two highly innovative works in the academic panorama of early 1960s. Next, it focuses on the fundamental role each of the notions taken in investigative works that are parallel in time but substantially different. The first, Habitação evolutiva, is a typological study reflecting the spirit of its time by claiming the ‘right to the city’ as the founding principle of a model critical o...

This study aimed to measure the role of the Management Information System (MIS) to improve functions of the human resources management: (recruitment, selection, appointment, training, and performance evaluation). The study found that most employees are aware of the importance of using (MIS) in the performance of human resources management, and that the use of (MIS) in human resource management (HRM) which means that there is no real difference between the attitudes of workers towards the use of the information systems (MIS) in the actual practices of the main activities of (HRM): (recruitment, selection, appointment, training, and performance evaluation) This paper serves as an introduction to this special issue on Management Information System (MIS) to improve functions of the human resources management and strategic ability and human resource management. The paper starts with a summary review of the current state of the human resource management strategic ability.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the United Nations in 2015, offer a blueprint for global progress. While ambitious and universally applicable in theory, these goals were largely framed from the perspective of developed nations, often sidelining the unique historical, structural, and developmental challenges of developing regions, especially Africa. This article explores how the SDGs inadvertently favor developed nations and hinder Africa's socioeconomic development, with a critical focus on the education sector. It argues for a shift towards context-sensitive, transformative development goals that recognize Africa's particular needs, cultures, and historical contexts. Citing examples and scholarly sources, this paper underscores the need for Africaled development strategies.

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Méri: Rogério, gostaríamos que você falasse um pouco sobre sua trajetória de vida e da relação disso com a sua própria trajetória enquanto pesquisador na área da Geografia. Rogério: Eu comecei a minha Graduação em Santa Maria, mas a vinculação com a Geografia, acho que já vem comigo desde que praticamente me conheço por gente. Desde pequeno que eu desenhava mapas do mundo inteiro e inventava estórias. Era pra mim um passatempo preencher cadernos com mapas e escrever histórias que eu inventava em relação a lugares que imaginava que um dia poderia conhecer. Quando fiz o vestibular pra Geografia, não tive a menor dúvida que era essa a carreira que queria seguir. Santa Maria, na época, tinha um curso de Geografia só de licenciatura e durante o Curso acabou abrindo também o bacharelado, fiz os dois. Logo depois que me formei, comecei a lecionar numa faculdade particular, em Santa Maria, a FIC, que agora se chama UNIFRA, e também cursos de férias da Universidade Federal. Fui para o Rio de Janeiro logo ede gaúcha no Nordeste

Este trabalho apresenta como objetivo geral analisar o significado da região utilizada nas fundamentações de divisão regional, tendo como instrumento de análise a regionalização do Estado do Pará, que implementou o recorte espacial regional em doze Regiões de Integração.
Deste modo, a primeira seção objetiva apresentar conceitualmente a região, e no sentido epistemológico realizar a sua abordagem sob diferentes perspectivas que determinaram a sua construção, destruição e reconstrução, com base em autores como Haesbaert (2010), Lencioni (2009) e Corrêa (2007) com a finalidade de levar a discussão do ponto de vista acadêmico sobre a noção de região e regionalização, na abordagem dos recortes espaciais, quais sejam, as regionalizações criadas e instituídas pelo Estado. Por conseguinte, as demais seções consistem em identificar as fundamentações e critérios que deram origem à divisão regional do Brasil em meso e microrregiões geográficas e a regionalização do Estado do Pará, especificando a sua contribuição nestas divisões. Ademais, foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos e análise de documentos referentes às informações sobre as divisões regionais, e posteriormente foi aplicada entrevista semi-estruturada com os gestores que participaram da construção e implementação da regionalização no Estado do Pará. Portanto, na formulação do conceito de região presente na construção da regionalização do estado do Pará, a abordagem sistêmica possui bases bem definida, sobretudo, ao se instituir como objetivo da regionalização do Estado do Pará a integração física e econômica, com a finalidade de integrar os espaços, visando à diminuição das desigualdades regionais. Neste sentido, a região ao ser utilizada em recortes espaciais, sofre esvaziamento conceitual, ou seja, ela se descaracteriza para suprir necessidade “sociopolítica” para utilizar a expressão de Haesbaert e como foi tratada no trabalho, a região recebe caráter metodológico, logo normativo.

Cultivating land surrounding schools provides opportunities for children and youth to experience growing, tasting and preparing fresh food. This creates openings for deeper understanding of environmental and social sustainability and can transform early learning. The literature supports evidence of a variety of social and educational benefits of school gardens. School gardens are recommended in policy frameworks but are not actually supported in practice in the province of Ontario, Canada. This paper reviews gaps between policy and practice. Using Social Cognitive Theory, this paper contributes to the discussion of benefits to students and to teachers, and barriers to implementation of school gardens. It is situated in wider discussions about food literacy and environmental literacy in school-based interventions. In the comparative case study, teachers in two schools discuss the benefits of school gardens and barriers relating to implementation. Teachers’ attitudes are compared with...

Az előadás két kísérletet mutat be és hasonlít össze, melyek az avantgárd, a konceptuális művészet és a realizmus különböző kiterjesztett értelmezéseinek viszonyát és historizációjának lehetőségeit kutatták. Ezen az összevetésen keresztül annak a művészeti rendszerváltásnak a természetére kérdezek rá, mely közmondásos módon megelőzte a politikai átrendeződést. Az egyik esettanulmányom Bán András és Könczöl Csaba „Realizmuskörkérdése”, mely a Magyar Avantgárd Művészet Múzeuma projektjük keretében, 1979-ben több mint húsz művész, író, és értelmiségi állásfoglalását gyűjtötte össze a realizmus kortárs értelmezéseiről és relevanciájáról. Egy megvalósulatlan projektről van szó: a válaszokat és a hozzájuk írt tanulmányokat nem sikerült publikálni, az esetről a titkosrendőrség mint a parallel kultúra egy megnyilvánulásáról tett jelentést. Ugyanakkor a megkérdezettek jelentős része fanyalogva, a komoly válaszadást bojkottálva reagált a realizmus kultúrpolitika által devalvált témájára, míg mások az eklektika jegyében az avantgárd módszereket domesztikáló posztmodern realizmus szellemiségét körvonalazták. A körkérdés mai olvasatban a művészeti élet rendszerváltás utáni polarizációjának forrásait is előrevetíti. A másik bemutatott esettanulmány az Artpool 2001-es Lehetetlen realizmus című tanulmányi kiállítása, mely a nemzetközi konceptuális művészet és a fluxus, illetve ezek helyi és kelet-európai verzióinak dialektikus viszonyát vizsgálta a művészettörténeti korszakuknál tágabb összefüggésrendszerben. Ez a projekt a neoavantgárd máig befejezetlen feldolgozásának egyik első korszakváltó kísérlete, hiszen túlmutat a rendszerváltás körüli évekre jellemző, a szocialista kultúrpolitikát és az avantgárd utópisztikus heroizmusát egyaránt az irónia és a humor eszközével aláásó apolitikus megközelítéseken. Az előadás Galántai György koncepcióját követve, a konceptuális és kontextuális művészet geopolitikai szembeállításáról szóló hetvenes évek második felében kezdődő nemzetközi viták tanulságait felhasználva elemzi a két magyarországi eseményt.

We believe that the Caribbean public was not kept fully abreast of the potential implications of the EPA for the course of the region's economic relations, not only with Europe, but with all other trading partners as it may become a blueprint for future trade negotiations. It is regrettable that Caribbean governments and responsible officials did not keep the public better informed…We believe that opportunities must be found to remedy this deficit in the future, and that the situation calls for full disclosure, for public explanation of the shortcomings as well as any anticipated benefit of the EPA, and for open participation in a discussion of its implications for our economies and for the livelihoods of our peoples (Statement by a Group of Concerned Caribbean Citizens Calling for Full and Public Review of the Cariforum-EC Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA), January 2008).

This article excavates the perplexing navigation between international environmental law and Bangladesh, focusing on the multidimensional ramifications of environmental equity and sustainable development. As one of the most climate-vulnerable countries, Bangladesh faces unprecedented hurdles in harmonizing the obligations of accelerated financial advancement with the necessity of environmental protection and preservation. Illustrating international legal mechanisms, including the Paris Agreement, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the UNFCCC, this study extensively evaluates the immeasurable ramifications of these legal instruments on Bangladesh's national policy frameworks, especially concerning equitable resource allocation and fair climate justice.In this discourse, the article examines the legal multifaceted approach of environmental equity, addressing the extent to which Bangladesh can liberalize global ecological governance to provide durable safety for its most marginalized citizenswhose livelihoods are inextricably attached to the predicament of the environment. Moreover, the piece investigates the formal and institutional obligations hindering feasible policy implementation and the broader commitments in attaining sustainable development amongst conjugating socioeconomic factors.By acclimatizing international legal principles with local practicalities, this article propounds effective suggestions for amplifying Bangladesh's compliance with global environmental standards mechanisms, while concurrently emboldening inclusive and sustainable development pathways. Through this study, the exploration addresses the urgency of holistic legal attempts that harmonize the lacuna between international environmental commitments and national formal capacity, prescribing forward-looking aspects of how Bangladesh might handle the intertwined terrain of environmental justice and sustainable development frameworks.

global networks Handbook for policy influenceWeaving global networks Handbook for policy influenceWeyrauch, Vanesa Weaving global networks. Handbook for policy influence / Vanesa Weyrauch, with the collaboration of Inés Selvood. 1ª ed. –Buenos

PHENOMENOLOGY OF WEIGHT IN ARCHITECTURE
The phenomenology of weight in architecture reveals that, like people and trees, "houses want to grow and fly." Behind this phenomenon stands the formative power of architectural corporeality—the entelechy of antigravity, as a universal incentive to overcome weight. Since it is architecturally all-encompassing with its dual nature (physical and symbolic), weight consequently gives both physical and symbolic form to an architectural object. Physical weight and symbolic (most often, visual) weight are always and simultaneously in certain harmony and disharmony. Phenomenological analysis of weight phenomena in architecture reveals principles and rules of basic architectural expressions and appearances. There is almost no architectural form—physical, symbolic, tangible, intangible, symbolic, social, etc.—that is not related to the weight phenomena.

FENOMENOLOGIJA TEŽINE U ARHITEKTURI 
Fenomenologija težine u arhitekturi otkriva da, poput ljudi i drveća, i "kuće žele rasti i letjeti". Iza ovog fenomena stoji formativna moć arhitektonske tjelesnosti - entelehija antigravitacije, kao univerzalni poticaj za prevladavanjem težine. Budući da je u arhitektonskom smislu sveprekrivajuća i da ima dvojnu, fizičku i simboličku prirodu, težina posljedično daje arhitektonskom objektu i fizičku i simboličku formu. Fizička i simbolička (najčešće, vizualna) težina su uvijek i istovremeno i u određenoj harmoniji i u određenoj disharmoniji. Fenomenološka analiza fenomena težine u arhitekturi otkriva principe i pravila osnovnih arhitektonskih izraza i pojavljivanja. Gotovo da ne postoji arhitektonska forma - fizička, simbolička, materijalna, nematerijalna, simbolička, društvena, itd. - koja nije povezana s fenomenom težine.

This article examines the teaching of graphic design history in Lebanon and other Arab countries, with a focus on the incorporation of a local perspective in the curriculum. The study brings attention to overlooked elements of culture, identity, and heritage in the teaching of this topic. It advocates for the inclusion of local designers’ voices as a means to challenge the prevailing Western-centric approach found in major institutions across the Arab region. By offering recommendations derived from the author’s personal experience as a design educator in Beirut, alongside empirical research conducted in Lebanon and other Arab countries, the article presents insights and addresses the impact of colonial encounters that have resulted in the assimilation of Western-inspired methods and perceptions of modernity. It further advocates for the incorporation of local and peripheral narratives to foster a more inclusive design history and provide a broader perspective. By conducting this research, this article contributes to the broader under- standing of graphic design history education and its impact on the field in the Arab region.

The article analyzes the scaling up of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) agenda in the regional integration processes of Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and MERCOSUR. We ask how the SSE is being used in processes of regional policy cooperation and what implications this has for the construction of regional governance frameworks supportive of social development. Our argument is that the regional processes in the contexts of UNASUR and MERCOSUR adopt a narrow concept of SSE that defines it as a social policy instrument to combat poverty. This limits the transformative potential of the SSE agenda, a more expansionist interpretation of which would otherwise herald the strengthening of socio-productive practices as an alternative to extractivist development in the region.

Critical regionalism has its roots in the depth of culture and nature. The new trends in critical regionalism are moving towards the concept of sustainable development. Kenneth Frampton, one of the greatest critics of critical regionalism, refers to this approach as a resistance against global standards and cultural homogeneity and the decline of modernism; there are two most important internal factors: culture and identity. This research aims to address the question of the basic conceptual model and criteria of critical regionalist architecture in order to improve the sustainable physical-social structure of residential houses in the city of Mashhad and the emergence of the greatest background of changes in culture, identity and indigenism from the perspective of critical regionalism. The aim of this research is to achieve the principles of critical regionalism, to present an effective conceptual model along with the preservation of authenticity and environmental principles. The present study uses grounded theory qualitative analysis to analyze the physical-functional typology, cultures and lifestyles of people in residential houses in Mashhad during the Pahlavi period, and to prove the research hypotheses based on the samples. This research concludes that the components of critical regionalism, considering the qualitative analysis, have the greatest impact on the form of the building, which, due to population growth, rising land values, and the result of dense and more compressed technology and sustainability, has shifted towards high-rise, complexing, etc., which is more compatible with the indigenous architecture of the region.

The formation of the body of any space can be derived from the prevailing behaviors and diverse lifestyle patterns and the physical support of the type of space from specific activities or diverse uses. Each space has a different meaning that emerges based on the body that surrounds it. Traditional markets as the support of commercial centers have components that are derived and show the physical design and spatial behavior that are directly related. This research was formed with the aim of extracting physical-spatial components and classifying them in the markets of Kerman.

The research method is a combination of nested qualitative and quantitative type. In the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews with scholars and snowball sampling are used, in which 28 experts are interviewed. In order to reduce the data, coding is used in ATLASTI software. It is a causal-comparative quantitative method that uses the components of the previous stage to develop a questionnaire and distribute it among 384 space users. The results are entered into the GRAPHER 16 software for analysis and are analyzed with inferential statistics. The results show that the most important factors in the body-behavior components in the formation of the traditional market of Kerman city include the response of the wise in the form, the support of the body to the activity, the cover Plant is with a value of (1.000) and the lowest factor contribution is related to inviting elements with a value of (0.295). Also, all the components have a significant relationship to explain the factor contribution, except for the flooring component, whose factor contribution is (0.467) but it does not have a significant relationship. To facilitate the review of the results, a summary chart of the determined coefficients has been presented.

The first major overview of the sub-national periodical as an international phenomenon, from the seventeenth century to the present day. This edited collection will examine how the magazine as a media form relates to the cultures, identities, geographies, histories, politics and economics of the region and other sub-national administrative and geographical areas. Magazines are usually associated with the metropolis, with capital cities, and with national and international movements and identities, for example Paris Match or the modernist titles Blast (London), Noi (Rome) or The Dial (New York). But what happens to the magazine when it appears in the provinces, the periphery, the regions, the counties -for example ¡Hola! (Barcelona), the Double Dealer (New Orleans), Cheshire Life (Middlewich, Manchester, Chester) or De Stijl (Delft, Leiden)? Equally, studies of print culture and geographical identities have focused mainly on the nation, occasionally on the local, but almost never on those administrative units between national and local: county, province, region, oblast, canton, département, voivodeship, federal state, Bundesland, etc. This edited collection aims to expand this area of scholarship, and invites contributions on a neglected magazine genre, from any era or nation, exploring such questions as:

En esta obra se tiene como punto de partida la idea central de que integrarse
sigue siendo considerado instrumento válido para el desarrollo económico,
político y social de América Latina, en momentos en que los procesos latinoamericanos de integración se encuentran estancados, a pesar de décadas de mandatos para su realización, y que, por consiguiente, es útil y conveniente investigar de manera comparativa,mediante análisis de regionalismo comparado, las ideas fundacionales que le han permitido a la integración europea lograr importantes avances en su proceso con relación a las ideas fundacionales que ha acompañado la integración latinoamericana con el apoyo de la Comisión Económica para América Latina (Cepal), observandocuáles pueden ser valederas e impostergables para relanzar la integración latinoamericana.
Esto implica considerar elementos históricos de las primeras ideas de integración en los continentes latinoamericano y europeo, así como reflexiones teóricas vinculadas a la integración e ideas puntuales de carácter fundacional latinoamericanas y europeas que merecen volver a ser analizadas y consideradas. El trabajo es voluntarista y prescriptivo, pues quiere dejar sentadas sugerencias acerca de la realización en América Latina de una integración multidimensional y recomendar la conveniencia
de trabajarla con conceptos básicos y experiencias vividas en los procesos de los dos continentes desde las primeras décadas de su desarrollo por diferentes pioneros y protagonistas que, en diferentes contextos de regionalismo, han realizado aportes conceptuales de ideas fundacionales valederas que la integración latinoamericana no puede postergar más tiempo.

Today, one of the architectural concerns in Tehran is the formation of houses without regional identity, the unification of the physical environment and the disappearance of the architectural identity and appearance of the houses. However, the concept of housing in Iran is tied to the culture and climate of each region, and this can be studied in stories and particularly climate literature and perceiving the views of authors that are taken from the layers of people's lives. The issue that can be raised here is the recognition of the role of climate stories in the awareness of architectural elements and features in the past. The research method of this research is descriptive with the method of comparative studies and the research approach is qualitative. The type of research is fundamental in terms of purpose, and considering that its output is supposed to be methodical, then it is explanatory in terms of the type of results and in terms of the technique of literary criticism an...

With the Manikata Church (1962-1974), Maltese architect Richard England created an outstanding building that perfectly demonstrates how a critically-reflected engagement with vernacular building types can produce a timeless architecture of appropriateness. At the very centre of this paper, there is the personal experience of the church: An approaching, a deepening, a surrounding, an observing and a leaving add new perspectives and knowledge to previous studies of the building. In an excursus entitled ‘interlude’, selected positions of Bernard Rudofsky, Richard England and Kenneth Frampton are analysed and – complemented by the author's own thoughts – taken as an inspiration for seven general points towards architectural appropriateness.

This research explores the strategic balance required in U.S.-China relations amid the rise of China as a global power. It emphasizes the importance of a nuanced approach that blends competition and cooperation to safeguard national interests, promote global stability, and foster bilateral and multilateral cooperation. The study covers the historical context of U.S.-China relations, including key milestones such as Nixon's opening of China and recent trade wars. It outlines strategic objectives such as protecting economic interests, maintaining regional security, and promoting democratic values. The research details diplomatic and economic tools, domestic strategies for resilience, and engagement with international partners. By focusing on a balanced approach, the study aims to provide a framework for navigating complex geopolitical dynamics and ensuring long-term stability in U.S.-China relations.

Konferencja Atomizacja czy integracja europejska? Transgraniczność w perspektywie (wielo)pedagogiki została dofinansowana z budżetu Województwa Dolnośląskiego. The Conference "European atomization or integration? Transborder aspects of (mutli)pedagogy" 24 has been co-funded by the Lower Silesian Voivodship.

Territórios estão "em disputa" tanto no sentido político mais concreto quanto no nível conceitual. A ênfase será dada na disputa a nível conceitual, sobre diferentes concepções de território, mas que tem rebatimento em práticas concretas até porque o conceito não é um simples "revelador" do real, mas também um "transformador. Território é tido como um espaço geográfico dominado e/ou apropriado, cujas práticas sociais são focalizadas enquanto relações de poder que se dão em diferentes níveis escalares, podendo-se, assim, falar tanto em micro quanto macroterritórios.

Often regarded as a small and homogeneous country, modern Portugal has frequently displayed clear regional tensions, on several ‘axes’: between its capital, Lisbon, and more neglected cities and towns; between its developed coastline and its (noticeably declining) inland villages; between the relatively conservative small-holding communities of the North and the politically radical tenant farmers of the South, amongst others. Examining twentieth-century novelists’ treatment of such geographical precepts leads one to ponder: what relationships exist between ideology and (regional) spaces? Through analysis of narrative fiction, how can one better comprehend the complex geographical grievances and identity politics that are increasingly characterising ideo­logical discourses across Western nations? The novels of Aquilino Ribeiro (1885-1963), Agustina Bessa-Luís (1922-2019), Lídia Jorge (1946-) and José Saramago (1922-2010) all have their part to play, in this quest for greater understanding of Portuguese regionalisms and resistances.

(Cambridge: Legenda, 2024)

Link to Open Access: https://www.mhra.org.uk/publications/Regionalisms-Resistance-in-Twentieth-Century-Portuguese-Novel

This article responds to debates about the complicity or outdatedness of regionalism in Area Studies by analyzing creative works by local artists that reimagine South East Asia as ‘area’: Ho Tzu Nyen’s interactive database 'The Critical Dictionary of Southeast Asia' ('CDOSEA') (2012–present); and two omnibus films – the Asian Film Archive’s 'Fragment' (2015) and the former Luang Prabang Film Festival’s 'Mekong 2030' (2020), which feature acclaimed South East Asian filmmakers such as Lav Diaz, U-Wei Haji Saari, Anocha Suwichakornpong, Nawapol Thamrongrattanarit and Tan Chui Mui. Diverging from Caroline Ha Thuc’s earlier 'South East Asia Research' article by revisiting vernacular concepts of sovereignty and collectivity such as 'mandala' and 'zomia' in subaltern historical and anthropological writings, it examines how these works highlight the commonality of motifs of ecology, performance, mobility and spirituality. While the digital artwork 'CDOSEA' algorithmically rearranges constellations of images, words and sounds commonly associated with the region, the omnibus films 'Mekong 2030' and 'Fragment' combine diverse, fragmentary narratives from different locations within a single anthology. Transforming ‘area’ from an object of neocolonial knowledge production to a source of autonomous collective agency, the article explores how these works visualize a provisional community defined by its plurality, fluidity and inclusiveness.

Welcome to the world of modern landscape design. Today we'll explore how to elevate your outdoor space with contemporary aesthetics. by Mountpleasant Landscape Sustainable Practices 1 Water Conservation Utilize drought-tolerant plants, rainwater harvesting systems, and efficient irrigation methods to reduce water consumption. 2 Native Plants Incorporating native plants adds beauty and supports local ecosystems by requiring less maintenance and resources. 3 Composting Creating compost from yard waste reduces landfill waste and provides nutrient-rich soil amendment for your garden. 4 Sustainable Materials Choose recycled or locally sourced materials for hardscaping elements like pavers, retaining walls, and pathways.

Cet article situe le déclin agraire de la région dans le contexte d'une transformation plus large de la production et de l'intégration du marché mondial. Le but de l'article est de démystifier les forces du marché omniprésentes et écrasantes que confrontent les petits producteurs agricoles des Caraïbes, en attirant l'attention sur les intérêts puissants qui sous-tendent les changements actuels. L'analyse est fondée sur la conviction que la petite agriculture constitue une activité productive et une source de dignité dans la région et, par conséquent, devrait être réorganisée et revalorisée au lieu d'être abandonnée à un fatalisme injustifié.

This essay reflects experience of 10 years working on equator as geopolitical and geo-cultural context in Biennale Jogja in Indonesia. With experiments of cultural exchange, decolonization and decentralization of art, Biennale Jogja reconstructed the idea of internationalism in art

❏ Adequate capacity is needed to enact Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) which were adopted by 192 in accordance with the Paris Agreement. ❏ Climate finance mechanisms and digitalization technologies may be applicable in resolving key shortfalls currently present in capacity building empowerment initiatives. ❏ This working paper provides recommendations related to empowerment through the lenses of finance and digitalization in response to persistent capacity building challenges. ❏ The working paper seeks to show where financial and digital toolkits are apt to address shortfalls in the drivers of capacity building, project length, reporting frameworks, participation & inclusion metrics, and clear identification of needs. ❏ Ultimately, this paper offers a framework for a solution-matching system that is synthesized, centered around prioritizing disadvantaged stakeholders while incorporating modular flexibility to meet the distinct needs of specific communities and countries.

Edukacja rEgionalnawyzwania nauczyciEli i rEgionalistów Wprowadzenie K ongres Kociewski, odbywający się cyklicznie od 1995 r. co pięć lat, stwarza doskonałą możliwość do przeprowadzenia różnego rodzaju inicjatyw, ukazujących olbrzymi zakres działań promujących region-Kociewie 1. To także czas, kiedy dochodzi do wymiany poglądów, oceny przedsięwziętych działań, a także spotkań przedstawicieli różnych instytucji kulturalnych, samorządów, szkół, muzeów, izb regionalnych, środowisk akademickich oraz lokalnych pasjonatów i miłośników regionu. V Kongres Kociewski, którego obchody odbyły się w 2015 r., również obfitował w różnego rodzaju wydarzenia, które przebiegały w głównych miastach regionu, a mianowicie w: Tczewie, Starogardzie Gdańskim i Świeciu. To właśnie tutaj na południowym Kociewiu w Świeciu, jednym z najstarszych miast Pomorza Nadwi

روش‌هاي نوین در ساخت و سازها، طراحی‌ها، شهرسازی و ايجاد شهرهای جدید، نوسازي و ساخت بافت‌های جديد كه؛ امروز ایجاد می‌شوند، برای آیندگان به جا خواهد ماند و آنها ما را قضاوت خواهند كرد همانطور كه ما معماري گذشته را قضاوت مي‌كنيم. سئوالي كه براي اين تحقيق كلاسي ارائه شده بود پاسخي به درازناي تاريخ گذشته تا به "آن" امروز است. تمامي توضيحات لازم براي رسيدن به پاسخ در بخش مقدمه و كليات متن تحقيق آمده است.

Nencki Institute, was entitled "Biological imaging: inspiration by invisible world" and took place in Mikołajki in 2017. Next two projects were relating to "Art of Biodiversity" (Rzeszów, 2018) and "Power of Biological Structures" (Przeworsk, 2019). The aim of the projects was to introduce ideas of modern experimental biology to artist. All symposia/workshops were followed by few exhibitions at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Art Department of the University of Rzeszów, etc. Some of paintings originated during these projects established Nencki Art Collection, collection of modern art at Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology.

This paper is part of a series of background papers commissioned by the Global Commission on Adaptation to inform its 2019 flagship report. This paper reflects the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the Global Commission on Adaptation.

The paper analyzes the causes of the crisis of Latin American regionalism, seeking the reasons that determine its nature, scope, and consequences, as well as the dilemmas posed by different exit options. Methodology: Based on a definition of the concept of crisis, a model of analysis is proposed that traces significant governance processes and crisis factors at the systemic, regional, and domestic levels, using a series of indicators that allow interpreting their impact on Latin American regionalism projects and their effects in the form of crisis. Conclusions: The findings suggest the existence of structural conditioning factors that exceed the established paradigms and political dynamics that were unable to overcome their contradictions, which led to a triple crisis of results, model, and expectations, the effects of which directly affect the credibility of the projects. The crisis, therefore, does not appear as a mere question of political will but as a complex combination of multiple factors involving states and other national and international actors and social forces. Originality: The article broadens the analytical perspectives of Latin American regionalism by proposing a novel approach that helps better understand its particularities vis-à-vis other regionalisms and opens the possibility of continuing and deepening the empirical analysis of each specific regionalism.

The paper analyzes the causes of the crisis of Latin American regionalism, seeking the reasons that determine its nature, scope, and consequences, as well as the dilemmas posed by different exit options. Methodology: Based on a definition of the concept of crisis, a model of analysis is proposed that traces significant governance processes and crisis factors at the systemic, regional, and domestic levels, using a series of indicators that allow interpreting their impact on Latin American regionalism projects and their effects in the form of crisis. Conclusions: The findings suggest the existence of structural conditioning factors that exceed the established paradigms and political dynamics that were unable to overcome their contradictions, which led to a triple crisis of results, model, and expectations, the effects of which directly affect the credibility of the projects. The crisis, therefore, does not appear as a mere question of political will but as a complex combination of multiple factors involving states and other national and international actors and social forces. Originality: The article broadens the analytical perspectives of Latin American regionalism by proposing a novel approach that helps better understand its particularities vis-à-vis other regionalisms and opens the possibility of continuing and deepening the empirical analysis of each specific regionalism.

Today's children spend less and less time in the outdoors, leading Richard Louv in 2008 to coin the term "nature deficit disorder." Louv pointed out that experiences with nature are essential to a child's physical and emotional development and that the lack of these types of experiences has led to an increase in child obesity, attention disorders, and depression. Poor urban students in particular have little access to experiences with nature, and outdoor classrooms are increasingly being used to foster a sense of community in schools and to provide students with learning opportunities related to nature. This field study describes a partnership formed between a local university, a school district, and a community organization in order to develop and implement outdoor classrooms and curriculum in seven local elementary schools. Results based on teacher reflections on using the outdoors for educational purposes, collected before and after the implementation of the program, indicated a shift in teachers' perceptions about the value of the outdoors for instructional purposes which translated into a greater number of learning experiences for their students and helped foster a sense of community in their schools.

Este artículo contribuye al conocimiento sobre el funcionamiento de las
coaliciones de movimientos sociales que cuentan con una perspectiva política interseccional.
Para ello se analiza un caso latinoamericano: el desarrollo en Uruguay de una red
de movimientos sociales que promovieron exitosamente la denominada “nueva agenda de
derechos” durante el periodo de gobierno progresista (2005-2020). Se trata de un caso particularmente
interesante por el nivel de éxito en términos de cambios legales y de políticas
públicas, y por el papel que jugaron los movimientos sociales en estos cambios. A partir
de lo anterior, ¿las organizaciones sociales uruguayas de la nueva agenda de derechos
conforman una red integrada de acción? De ser así, ¿cuál es el nivel de segmentación que
asumen las organizaciones a partir de los temas principales? A través de un análisis de
redes se demuestra que estas organizaciones funcionan en una red integrada, fortalecida
por la presencia de algunas de ellas que cumplen un rol central de intermediación. De
todas formas, se prueba la existencia de una segmentación de los vínculos organizacionales,
lo que muestra que, si bien existe cierta capacidad de interacción entre las diferentes
industrias de movimientos sociales, prima una lógica temática a la hora de comprender las
interacciones en la red. El análisis de redes propuesto se basa en información recolectada
en una encuesta original, que se realizó a 49 organizaciones de Montevideo involucradas
con la nueva agenda de derechos. A nivel empírico, el artículo permite avanzar en el conocimiento
de este peculiar caso en el contexto latinoamericano, a través de una metodología
novedosa para el análisis de estos fenómenos. A nivel teórico, responde al llamado reciente
de la literatura respecto a los efectos que tiene la perspectiva interseccional en la acción y
efectos de los movimientos sociales y su capacidad para formar coaliciones exitosas.