Using Social Media In Research

This thesis investigates from a visual social media studies perspective the increasingly popular practices of a highly active online actor, the influential plant-based food advocate and successful entrepreneur Ella Mills. Its aim is to document and analyse some ways in which popular Instagram visual narratives have contributed to the formation of plant-based eating practices, wellness discourses and lifestyle choices in the UK. The analysis proceeds in two steps.

First, I use a combination of mixed methods to analyse 4,000 Instagram images from the Deliciously Ella account and their relevant captions from 17 January 2013 to 24 October 2018. The deliberate choice of a lengthy time frame involves a novel visual social media approach called “Comparative Instachronics”, which offers a new way of dealing with a single Instagram account.

Second, I provide a deeper analysis of my visual sample by using several conceptual approaches such as a) authenticity, b) class, inequality and distinction, c) enrichment. Interpretation of the sample using these concepts allowed me to make an important discovery early enough in the research process: plant-based food, though integral to the nature of the Deliciously Ella business, is not the leading visual cue. On the contrary, food’s significance is mediated by other important factors, such as Mills’ personal health story and details of her family and personal life and those of people close to her. The central finding of this thesis is that the elements surrounding the visual imagery of plant-based food function as essential facilitators of the Deliciously Ella project and the brand’s evolution across time.

By going beyond the visual material to analyse social media images as distinct items through lengthy periods of time, the thesis makes an original methodological contribution to visual social media studies.

This panel is one of two sessions organized by the AoIR Ethics Working Committee. It collects five papers exploring a broad (but in many ways common) set of ethical dilemmas faced by researchers engaged with specific platforms such as Reddit, Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, and private messaging platforms. These include: a study of people's online conversations about health matters on Reddit in support of a proposed situated ethics framework for researchers working with publicly available data; an exploration into sourcing practices among Reddit researchers to determine if their sources could be unmasked and located in Reddit archives; a broader systematic review of over 700 research studies that used Reddit data to assess the kinds of analysis and methods researchers are engaging in as well as any ethical considerations that emerge when researching Reddit; a critical examination of the use of Amazon’s Mechanical Turk for academic research; and an investigation into current practices ...

Using a comprehensive dataset of over 160,000 public TikTok accounts and more than 16 million videos, this study indicates a notable increase in political TikTok video content from 2019 to 2023, with a peak around the 2020 US presidential election. The network analysis reveals distinct clusters of politically homogeneous networks or "political echo chambers" where users were exposed to attitude-consistent political TikTok content. Furthermore, through digital trace data, we found that users with strong political views and positive social feedback are more likely to share their political opinions on the platform. This research emphasizes TikTok's growing importance as a hub for political engagement, as well as its potential polarization effects. The open-source datasets and methodological tools developed in this study offer valuable resources for future research on TikTok's role in political communication.

Resilience and emotional intelligence (EI) are critical psychological attributes that influence the well-being and operational effectiveness of military personnel. This study examines the resilience and emotional intelligence levels among Indian Navy personnel, focusing on their ability to cope with stress, adapt to challenging environments, and maintain emotional stability. Using standardized psychometric assessments, the research investigates the relationship between resilience and EI, their impact on performance, and the role of training in enhancing these attributes. The findings suggest that higher resilience correlates with improved emotional intelligence, contributing to better decision-making and stress management in high-pressure situations.

Sanal risk, bireylerin sanal ortamlarda ortaya cikabilecek tehdit / tehlike veya  firsat / avantajlari idrak etmesi olarak ifade edilebilir. Sanal ortamlarda bireyler  arasindaki guvenin incelenmesindeki amac, sosyal medya ve turevlerini aktif  paylasim ortami olarak kullanan bireylerin, bu ortamlarda ortaya koyduklari  kisiliklerinin gercekligi ne duzeyde yansittiginin ve bu ortamlarda birbirlerine  yonelik guvene bagli duygu ve davranis duzeylerinin tespit edilmesidir. Sanal  yalnizligin calismadaki rolu ise, egitimsel faaliyetlerin gerekliliginden dolayi,  sanal ortamlarda sikca bulunmasi gerekebilen Z kusagi bireylerinin bu tur  ortamlarda yalnizlik duygusunu yasayip yasamadiginin belirlenmesidir.  Yalnizlik kavrami genel itibariyle olumsuz psikolojik bir durumdur. Ancak  sanal yalnizligin olumlu ya da olumsuz bir durum olup olmadigi konusunda  kesin bir yargida bulunmak dogru olmayabilir. Bu baglamda arastirmanin  amaci, lise ogrenimi goren bireylerin  sanal yalnizlik durumlari...

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a program based on voice-text chat in enhancing EFL 1 st year secondary students' writing skills and their self-efficacy. The participants of the study consisted of (48) first-year secondary students at Mohamed Ragab Azhari Institute, Gharbia Directorate. Instruments of the study were an EFL writing skills checklist, an EFL writing scoring rubric, an EFL pre and post writing test, an EFL writing self-efficacy scale, and a program based on voicetext chat. In this study, pre post-test was used with two groups (Experimental and control, 24 students each). Results of the research revealed that the research group posttest score in writing was significantly better than their pretests. Also, their self-efficacy toward writing improved considerably. The research group's gains in this productive skill and the enhancement in their attitude have been attributed to using the voice-text chat based program designed and implemented by the researcher.

Geçmişten günümüze kadar sinema; toplumsal olayları, toplumda yaşanan değişmeleri göstermek, farkındalık yaratmak ve bunların üzerine düşündürmek için sinema sanatıyla aktarmaya çalışmıştır. Çağan Irmak'ın yönettiği Issız Adam filmi, sinemanın önemli temalarından biri olan "yalnızlık" üzerine o dönemi etkileyen filmlerden biri olmuştur. Bu çalışma, yalnızlık temasının "Issız Adam" filmi üzerinde nasıl temsil edildiği ve ana karakterlerden biri olan Alper'in bu yalnızlıkla baş etme sürecinde nasıl bir rol izlediğini inceleyip tartışma ortamı sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır.

In the development of the procedure for ranking bicycle projects considerable research was undertaken to provide the necessary background and justification for the approach adopted in the procedures that follow. In essence the procedures draw together the quantitative and qualitative ...

Research in this brief by the Pedestrian Bicycle Resource Initiative (PBRI) at the University of New Orleans highlights the growing use of active transportation in New Orleans and the potential to solidify these gains through a process of culture change that makes active transportation an integral element in the overall transportation system. New Orleans is currently a regional leader in active transportation with a high national ranking in active transportation commute mode shares. While these rankings are promising, New Orleans lacks a clear, institutionalized system for integrating active transportation into the overall transportation decision-making structure. The process of solidifying and institutionalizing active transportation requires a paradigm shift in the basic pattern of business as usual transportation practices. This research brief highlights examples of how to effectively manage this culture change process.

Of approximately 40 billion photos posted on Instagram, only 282 million are selfies—just 0.7%. Thus, for all its zeitgeisty appeal, the selfie is in fact a niche phenomenon in the larger context of Instagram genres. Noting this fact, we identified an opportunity to engage with scholars from all over the world with the challenge of proposing new theories and approaches capable of unlocking the full socio-anthropological potential of Instagram. As the articles collected in this special issue testify, Instagram has an enormous impact on people’s everyday lives on many levels—socially, culturally, economically, and politically—and so, indubitably, it deserves rigorous academic attention. Given the scale and complexity of these impacts, studying Instagram poses different kinds of challenges and many gaps are still to be filled. With this special issue we don’t claim to resolve all the issues noted above. More modestly, our goal is to kick-start a fruitful conversation among social media...

this report has been prepared as part of the Mineta transportation Institute Research project Collaborative Funding to Facilitate Airport Ground Access. the objectives of the research project include examining and documenting past experience with collaborative funding of airport ground access projects and the use of different funding sources to facilitate interconnectivity between transportation modes in order to improve airport ground access. the authors would like to acknowledge and thank the sponsors of the research, the California Department of transportation, Division of Aeronautics and the Mineta transportation Institute (MtI). the authors also thank MtI staff, including deputy executive director and research director Karen philbrick, ph.D.; director of communications and technology transfer Donna Maurillo; student publications assistant Sahil Rahimi; student research support assistant Joey Mercado; and webmaster Frances Cherman, who also provided editorial support.

Prior studies indicated that actively using social network sites (SNSs) is positively associated with well-being by enhancing social support and feelings of connectedness. Conversely, passively using SNSs is negatively associated with well-being by fostering upward social comparison and envy. However, the majority of these studies has focused on Facebook. The present research examined the relationships between well-being-satisfaction with life, negative affect, positive affect-and using actively or passively various SNSs-Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok-during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, two mediators were tested: social support and upward social comparison. One thousand four persons completed an online survey during the quarantine measures; the analyses employed structural equation modeling. Results showed that passive usage of Facebook is negatively related to well-being through upward social comparison, whereas active usage of Instagram is positively related to satisfaction with life and negative affect through social support. Furthermore, active usage of Twitter was positively related to satisfaction with life through social support; while passive usage was negatively related to upward social comparison, which, in turn, was associated with more negative affect. Finally, TikTok use was not associated with well-being. Results are discussed in line with SNSs' architectures and users' motivations. Future research is required to go beyond methodological and statistical limitations and allow generalization. This study concludes that SNSs must be differentiated to truly understand how they shape human interactions.

This study explores how social media influences Generation Z (Gen Z), highlighting both the positive aspects, such as enhanced connectivity and self-expression, and the challenges, including potential impacts on mental health and cyberbullying. In a nutshell, we can say that social media is an online space where people connect, share, and express themselves through platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. In today's world, it is a digital hub for communication and information. Gen Z was born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s. They're tech-savvy, grew up with smartphones, are known for being diverse, and are socially aware. Social media and technology play an important role in their lives, influencing how they communicate and express themselves. For Generation Z, social media has both positive and negative impacts. On the positive side, it serves as a tool for instant communication, allowing them to connect globally and express their individuality. Social platforms offer spaces for activism, awareness, and information-sharing, reflecting their conscious nature. We can look forward to more fun stuff with a sort of reality, and social media will be a big part of business, learning, and making a difference. With smart technology, things will feel more personal, and what's happening right now will be easy to find. In this paper, we cover every aspect of social media, including its positive and negative effects. In this paper, we explain how these media will influence Gen Z in a broad way.

This study explores how social media influences Generation Z (Gen Z), highlighting both the positive aspects, such as enhanced connectivity and self-expression, and the challenges, including potential impacts on mental health and cyberbullying. In a nutshell, we can say that social media is an online space where people connect, share, and express themselves through platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. In today's world, it is a digital hub for communication and information. Gen Z was born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s. They're tech-savvy, grew up with smartphones, are known for being diverse, and are socially aware. Social media and technology play an important role in their lives, influencing how they communicate and express themselves. For Generation Z, social media has both positive and negative impacts. On the positive side, it serves as a tool for instant communication, allowing them to connect globally and express their individuality. Social platforms offer spaces for activism, awareness, and information-sharing, reflecting their conscious nature. We can look forward to more fun stuff with a sort of reality, and social media will be a big part of business, learning, and making a difference. With smart technology, things will feel more personal, and what's happening right now will be easy to find. In this paper, we cover every aspect of social media, including its positive and negative effects. In this paper, we explain how these media will influence Gen Z in a broad way.

Yalnızlık, günümüz toplumunun en yaygın sağlık sorunlarından biridir. Kaynaklandığı nedene veya bireyde ortaya çıkan belirtilere bağlı olarak farklı şekillerde ele alınan yalnızlık, çalışma kapsamında duygusal yalnızlık özelinde irdelenmiştir. Duygusal yalnızlık ile başa çıkmak adına bir sohbet botunun (Chatgpt) kullanılmasına yönelik katılımcıların tutumlarının incelendiği çalışma olgubilim araştırma desenine sahiptir. İstanbul' da bir vakıf üniversitesinin İletişim Fakültesi öğrencilerinin örneklem olarak seçildiği araştırmada, nitel veri toplama aracı olan derinlemesine görüşme vasıtasıyla toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların, olumlu tutumları ve güçlü antropomorfize etme reflekslerinin aksine Chatgpt'nin yalnızlıkla mücadele etme aracı olarak kullanımına temkinli yaklaştıkları anlaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu Chatgpt ve teknolojik araçların duygusal ve sosyal ihtiyaçları karşılamasına yönelik olumsuz bir yargıya sahiptir. Buna karşın katılımcıların büyük bir çoğunluğu yakın bir gelecekte Chatgpt ve benzeri araçların sosyalleşme amacıyla kullanılmasının yaygınlaşacağına inanmaktadır. Yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin duygusal ihtiyaçları karşılama yeteneğine yönelik güvensizlik ve duygusal ihtiyaçları karşılaması halinde sosyo-kültürel hayata verebileceği zararlar merkezinde ağırlık kazanan endişelerin bir diğer ortak teması ise etik sorunlardır. Ayrıca katılımcıların endişelerini aktarırken popüler kültürde yer alan (film, dizi ve oyun vb.) yapay zekâ temsillerini işaret ettiği görülmektedir.

The levels of bicycling in the United States, particularly for nonrecreation purposes and among adults, are low. Only about 1% of the trips that people make in the United States are on bicycles, and less than 5% of trips under 1/2 mi are made on bicycles. Factors influencing the rates of cycling include demographics and environmental factors. Environmental factors can be measured both objectively (e.g., number of miles of bike lanes, average temperature, and street connectivity) and subjectively (e.g., people's ratings or perceptions of the bicycling environment). People's attitudes about travel and mobility likely play a role. This paper uses the results from a random phone survey of adults in the Portland, Oregon, region to explore the relationships between levels of cycling and demographics, objective environmental factors, perceptions of the environment, and attitudes. The survey revealed several significant differences, although additional analysis is necessary. Objecti...

In today's essentially digital economy, consumers are also strong driving forces behind many brands. This is where viral marketing can be an important strategy, as it allows a message to spread rapidly and reach a vast number of individuals. However, the unpredictability associated with this concept can equally lead to the failure of a promotional campaign, damaging the brand image. This article consists of a case study through analysis of media and social networks and focuses on assessing the impact caused by the Pepsi Max campaign, which quickly of viral marketing.

This article demonstrates how TikTok can be utilised as a methodological tool for doing ethnographic research. First it elucidates how TikTok could be employed as a research field, how it became a key player in achieving theoretical saturation, unveiling my position in the field, securing access to interviewees, fostering rapport, managing engagement, and obtaining validation from research participants. Additionally, I'll delve into how this process shifted my role from a researcher to an influencer and demonstrate that researchers can leverage the platform not just as a source of data but also as a tool for scientific engagement and channel of communication with the broader audience.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a program based on voice-text chat in enhancing EFL 1 st year secondary students' writing skills and their self-efficacy. The participants of the study consisted of (48) first-year secondary students at Mohamed Ragab Azhari Institute, Gharbia Directorate. Instruments of the study were an EFL writing skills checklist, an EFL writing scoring rubric, an EFL pre and post writing test, an EFL writing self-efficacy scale, and a program based on voicetext chat. In this study, pre post-test was used with two groups (Experimental and control, 24 students each). Results of the research revealed that the research group posttest score in writing was significantly better than their pretests. Also, their self-efficacy toward writing improved considerably. The research group's gains in this productive skill and the enhancement in their attitude have been attributed to using the voice-text chat based program designed and implemented by the researcher.

In this age of social media, people are using various platforms for seeking and sharing information. This study aims at exploring the patterns of sharing health information on the widely used social media platform Facebook nand the users' engagement with the information. For this purpose, the researchers used mixed-method content analysis. We analyzed 485 Facebook posts about 14 types of issues across nine categories. The study results showed that the highest number (27.84%) of posts were related to health awareness, and the lowest were personal opinions. This paper offers a basis for comprehending the processes of sharing health information and how it could affect user involvements. To clarify the structures that guide user interactions with health content on social media, the study also integrates components from communication and information-sharing concepts. The study thus offers empirical insights into the kinds of health information provided, the most popular health topics, and user engagement patterns through a thorough content analysis of public Facebook postings in Bangladesh. The analysis provides sophisticated knowledge of the issues impacting engagement, including language, kind of material, and multimedia use, by measuring the interactions of users. Scholars can understand from this study how users interact with health-related content in the digital era. The result of this study can be used by academics exploring public health, media studies, and health communication to improve theories and create focused interventions for health communication. Additionally, this research can provide useful information for health practitioners to improve their online communication tactics.

Background: Body image research deals a lot with awareness of the body as an entity. Studies that consider individual anatomical aspects and place them in an intercultural context are rarely present. Methods: For this purpose, general data, body perception and judgment of body images from 2163 (48% female and 52% male) participants from Germany, Nigeria, the USA and Japan were evaluated as part of a survey. Results: There were clear differences in the personal body image of the participants’ own buttocks, the buttocks as a beauty ideal and the way in which dissatisfaction was dealt with in different countries. In addition to sexual well-being (importance score: 0.405 a.u.), the country of origin (0.353), media consumption (0.042) and one’s own weight (0.069) were also identified as influencing factors for satisfaction with one’s own buttocks. A clear evolution could be derived regarding a WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) of well below 0.7, which was consistently favored by the participants ...

Although there is a push to use big data in research, many users are distrusting of companies using their data in this fashion. Our study shows that people generally do not want their data used in research, especially without their knowledge. Our next steps will investigate to what extent people are aware of how their data may be used and decide to use the sites anyway. Internet users, and especially those who may be older and more savvy, are distrusting of what they perceive to be violations of their privacy. Researchers should take steps to bring their ethical practices into line with how participants view their data rights.

Although there is a push to use big data in research, many users are distrusting of companies using their data in this fashion. Our study shows that people generally do not want their data used in research, especially without their knowledge. Our next steps will investigate to what extent people are aware of how their data may be used and decide to use the sites anyway. Internet users, and especially those who may be older and more savvy, are distrusting of what they perceive to be violations of their privacy. Researchers should take steps to bring their ethical practices into line with how participants view their data rights.

Cycling has proven to be an important strategy in decreasing the risk of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to discover barriers and enabling factors influencing satisfaction and safety perceptions towards the use of bicycle roads in the Seoul metropolitan area, South Korea. A cross-sectional survey of 190 youth and adult individuals was conducted. Sex, age, purpose of bicycle use, perceived safety, availability of facilities, road gradient, road width, and traffic on the bicycle road were associated with cycling regularity. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the sufficiency of bicycle parking space, moderate slope, and enough bicycle signs were significant enabling factors for satisfaction with the use of bicycle roads. Narrow bicycle roads were found to be a barrier to satisfaction with the use of bicycle roads. Moderate slope, enough bicycle signs, and enough maintenance facilities around bike roads were found to be enabling factors in the perceived safety of t...

Non-motorized travel modes, particularly cycling, are experiencing a resurgence in many United States (U.S.) states as well as in other countries. Still, most studies focus on bicyclists’ behaviors in areas with strong bicycling cultures. This paper discusses the findings of a survey (N = 1,178) deployed in six communities in Alabama and Tennessee, U.S., where cycling is not (yet) popular nor widely adopted. The analysis includes linear regression models built on respondents’ reactions to images of bicycling infrastructure and their perceptions of being comfortable, safe, and willing to try cycling on the displayed roadway type. Findings indicate a preference for more separated bicycle infrastructure types along with options that exclude on-street parking. Segmented models indicate that, compared with potential cyclists, the preferences of regular utilitarian cyclists can vary more than those of recreational/occasional cyclists. Results from this study provide useful insights into w...

Hills Grammar School Students in an undergraduate pre-service teacher education course were asked to utilise Twitter to access the professional educational community. Their tweets were to be used to promote the sharing of educational resources and establish a local supportive community of practice, to keep others informed of their teaching experiences and provide a vehicle for support and advice, both inside and outside the university. The ethical issues in relation to the use of social media in educational environments were widereaching and complex. This paper reports on a pilot study that begins an investigation on the practices of university students using social media in their studies. The ultimate aim of the project is to develop workable guidelines on the ethical use and practice of social media use in university education.

National and regional household travel surveys have conventionally sampled landline telephone households through list-assisted random digit dialing. However, recent increases in “mobile phone-only” households result in either noncoverage or undercoverage of a growing segment of the population. This result could cause a substantial bias in the representativeness of travel behavior toward the target population. To cover mobile phone-only households, an address-based sampling method is of interest. This study explores whether the characteristics and travel behavior of mobile phone-only households differ from those of households with landline telephones. In addition, this study quantifies the extent of noncoverage errors in the surveys in respondents’ travel behavior. Along with census data, the mobile phone-only sample (N = 2,988) was compared with the landline telephone sample (N = 7,774) drawn from the 2008 National Capital Region Household Travel Survey. Results show that the mobile...

Identifying and minimizing potential errors in household travel surveys can facilitate collecting more representative and accurate data. Through a comparison of two recent travel surveys with census data, this paper presents how sampling, noncoverage, nonresponse, and measurement errors work their way into surveys. The 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) Add-On in Virginia was implemented with a comprehensive survey instrument and random-digit-dial (RDD) sampling. The 2008 National Capital Region Household Travel Survey collected behavioral data with a concise instrument, while adopting address-based sampling (ADD). Focusing on a common area of Northern Virginia, this study examined differences in sociodemographics and travel behavior of the extracted samples (N = 597 and N = 3,581, respectively). Results show that the ADD survey collected data on more single-person households, younger individuals, and Hispanics and Mexicans, which are generally identified as hard-to-reach ...

FACEBOOK YALNIZLIK REHABİLİTE MERKEZİ Mİ? Sefa ERBAŞ 1 ÖZ İnternetin hayatımıza girmesi ile yaşanan toplumsal dönüşüm, sosyal ağların bilhassa 2004'de Facebook'un dahil olmasıyla farklı bir boyut kazanmıştır. Facebook kullanımının kişiler üzerinde yol açtığı olumlu ve olumsuz durumlar ve davranış örüntüleri araştırılmaya başlanmış, Facebook'un kişileri yalnızlaştırdığı görüşü ile bu görüşü destekleyen araştırma verileri dikkat çekmiştir. Çalışmada görüşme tekniğinden faydalanılarak, katılımcıların yalnızlık algısı ve Facebook kullanımının yalnızlığı gidermede üstlendiği rol araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada katılımcıların, öncelikle yalnızlık kavramına, aile içi, arkadaş grubu ve romantik ilişkilerinde yaşanılan yalnızlık duygusuna ilişkin görüşleri ortaya konulmuş, sonrasında görüşme verileri, kodlara dönüştürülmüştür. Yalnızlık kavramına ilişkin katılımcıların olumlu, olumsuz ve hem olumlu hem olumsuz bir yaklaşım sergilediği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca aile içi, arkadaş çevresi ve romantik ilişkilerde hissedilen ortak yalnızlık duygusuna sebep olan temel etken iletişimsizlik olup, başka unsurlar da etkili olmaktadır. Bazı katılımcılar, Facebook kullanımının yalnızlık duygusunu bastırmada faydası olduğunu düşünürken, bazıları sahte dünya yaratan bir mecranın yalnızlık duygusunu bastırmada etkili olamayacağını ifade etmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin sosyal medya kullanan bireylerin psikolojik tahlilini yapmaya çalışan araştırmacılara katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.

In this paper we use a case study approach to examine how airport operators are addressing bicycle access 5 to their properties and the motivations and obstacles they face, in light of new policies to integrate 6 bicycles, along with transit and walking, into transportation planning, design and construction, and to 7 increase bicycles' role in the transportation system. 8 Eight influential elements emerged from our review of policy documents and research literature. We used 9 them to guide interviews with key informants. The eight elements are: governance structure, location, 10 access roads, self-perceived environmental stewardship, spending restrictions on non-aviation 11 transportation improvements, proximity to transit, policies and mandates to reduce environmental impacts 12 and land use constraints. We report on seven cases, selected on the basis of inclusion in studies on key 13 aspects of airport ground access and, for one, identification as exemplary. They are: Oakland International

This study examines the coverage of the Lebanese protests from October 2019 until the aftermath of the explosion in October 2020 on the storytelling platform TikTok. The aim of this study is to analyze the framing of the Lebanese protests and explosion with reference to the protest paradigm, narrative analysis and the four satirical techniques. Purposeful sampling method was used to collect 40 TikToks and a qualitative content analysis was conducted to analyze the videos. Findings showed vast percentages in the creation of humorous content regarding the socioeconomic and political aspects, as well as the increased usage of the narratives in the videos, and the most prominent type of satirical devices used being incongruity, followed by parody.

The purpose of this study was to determine how university students' loneliness are predicted by their level of psychological well-being (self acceptance, personal growth, purpose in life, positive relations with others, environmental mastery and autonomy). To collect data UCLA-R Loneliness (Russell, Peplau & Cutrona, 1980) and Psychological Well-Being Scales (Ryff,1989a) were used. The sample was consisted of 268 university students from Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. For the analysis of the data multiple regression analysis was used. Pearson Product Momentum Correlation matrix results revealed that all psychological well-being dimensions were significantly correlated to "UCLA Loneliness Scale" scores and Stepwise Regression analysis results explained 49% of total variance. The results has shown the best predictor of loneliness was positive relations with others The results were discussed in the light of the related literature.

This paper aims to study the important factors affecting the decision on bicycle usage in the short-distance trips. Questionnaire surveys of weight of various factors were carried out in the shared-use paths in seven communities in Bangkok. The related factors obtained from questionnaire surveys were grouped by using the Factor Analysis Method. Moreover Logistic Regression Analysis is used to develop the model to forecast the bicycle usage. The results show that there are three factors which influence the usage of bicycle: 1) traveling behavior factors which included travel cost, travel time, travel distance and monthly income; 2) the cycling promotion plans which included providing the privilege for cyclists, constructing the exclusive bikeway networks around Bangkok, preparing the related facilities for cyclists such as bathrooms and storage lockers, promote the use of cycling instead of using a private car.; and 3) legislation related to the bicycle usage influenced the decision of bicycle usage.

Sanal risk, bireylerin sanal ortamlarda ortaya cikabilecek tehdit / tehlike veya  firsat / avantajlari idrak etmesi olarak ifade edilebilir. Sanal ortamlarda bireyler  arasindaki guvenin incelenmesindeki amac, sosyal medya ve turevlerini aktif  paylasim ortami olarak kullanan bireylerin, bu ortamlarda ortaya koyduklari  kisiliklerinin gercekligi ne duzeyde yansittiginin ve bu ortamlarda birbirlerine  yonelik guvene bagli duygu ve davranis duzeylerinin tespit edilmesidir. Sanal  yalnizligin calismadaki rolu ise, egitimsel faaliyetlerin gerekliliginden dolayi,  sanal ortamlarda sikca bulunmasi gerekebilen Z kusagi bireylerinin bu tur  ortamlarda yalnizlik duygusunu yasayip yasamadiginin belirlenmesidir.  Yalnizlik kavrami genel itibariyle olumsuz psikolojik bir durumdur. Ancak  sanal yalnizligin olumlu ya da olumsuz bir durum olup olmadigi konusunda  kesin bir yargida bulunmak dogru olmayabilir. Bu baglamda arastirmanin  amaci, lise ogrenimi goren bireylerin  sanal yalnizlik durumlari...

A postal survey was conducted among 698 older French drivers in order to identify their special needs and difficulties encountered during parking. Their most frequent manoeuvres were back parallel and front perpendicular parking. A questionnaire, inspired by the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire, was developed to identify the psychological origins of parking errors and to examine its relative predictive value with respect to self-reported parking difficulties. Four types of aberrant parking behaviour were identified: slips or lapses, execution errors, anticipation errors and violations. Accident and/or incident history and reported aberrant parking behaviours are the strongest predictors of difficulties encountered during parking manoeuvres.

This study compared pedestrian behaviors in five countries (Estonia, Greece, Kosovo, Russia, and Turkey) and investigated the relationships between these behaviors and values in each country. The study participants were 131 pedestrians for Estonia, 249 for Greece, 112 for Kosovo, 176 for Russia, and 145 for Turkey. The principal component analyses revealed that the four-factor structure of the Pedestrian Behavior Scale (PBS) was highly consistent across the five countries. ANCOVA results revealed significant differences between countries on the PBS items and scale scores. Specifically, Greek and Turkish participants reported transgressive pedestrian behaviors more frequently than Estonian, Kosovar, and Russian pedestrians while Kosovar participants reported transgressive pedestrian behaviors less frequently than Estonian pedestrians. In addition, Turkish and Russian pedestrians reported lapses and aggressive behaviors more frequently than Estonian, Greek, and Kosovar pedestrians. Finally, Turkish and Estonian pedestrians reported positive behaviors more frequently than Kosovar pedestrians. Unexpectedly, the regression analyses showed that values have varying effects on pedestrian behavior in the five countries. That is, context or country may determine the effect of values on pedestrian behaviors. The results are discussed in relation to the previous literature.

In this article I question some of the basic assumptions of current cycling policies and policy-oriented bicycle research. My argument is based on an analysis of more than 200 published research papers and of several national policy documents, mostly published in the last two decades. The main question in this research is why people use or don’t use the bicycle for utilitarian purposes and, consequently, how cycling can be promoted. The last two or three decades have witnessed major increases in bicycle traffic in some Western countries and cities, which provokes the question whether and to what extent policies have caused or contributed to rising cycling levels. The available research, however, does not offer a definite answer to this question. It is not clear to what extent the rising modal split of the bicycle was the result of policies – or, the other way around, bicycle policies were the outcome of a growing number of cyclists. History and culture determine the boundaries of what cycling policies can realize. For bicycle research this implies that both cultural-historical issues and the actual policy making processes regarding cycling deserve closer investigation. I claim that international-comparative and historical research into bicycling is highly relevant for evaluating national bicycle policies and that historical and cultural factors have been neglected in social-scientific and traffic-engineering research. My objective is to bridge the gap between bicycle policies and the associated research on the one hand and cultural and historical research into bicycling on the other.

In this paper we use a case study approach to examine how airport operators are addressing bicycle access 5 to their properties and the motivations and obstacles they face, in light of new policies to integrate 6 bicycles, along with transit and walking, into transportation planning, design and construction, and to 7 increase bicycles' role in the transportation system. 8 Eight influential elements emerged from our review of policy documents and research literature. We used 9 them to guide interviews with key informants. The eight elements are: governance structure, location, 10 access roads, self-perceived environmental stewardship, spending restrictions on non-aviation 11 transportation improvements, proximity to transit, policies and mandates to reduce environmental impacts 12 and land use constraints. We report on seven cases, selected on the basis of inclusion in studies on key 13 aspects of airport ground access and, for one, identification as exemplary. They are: Oakland International

Case studies examined how airport operators addressed bicycle access to their properties and the motivations and obstacles that they faced in light of new policies to integrate bicycles, along with transit and walking, into transportation planning, design, and construction and to increase the bicycle's role in the transportation system. Eight influential elements that emerged from the review of policy documents and research literature were used to guide interviews: governance structure, location, access roads, self-perceived environmental stewardship, spending restrictions on nonaviation transportation improvements, proximity to transit, policies and mandates to reduce environmental impacts, and land use constraints. Seven cases were selected on the basis of their inclusion in studies on key aspects of airport ground access: Oakland International Airport, San Francisco International Airport, and Los Angeles International Airport, California; Seattle–Tacoma International Airport,...

İnternet ve sosyal medya araçları, insanların hayatında önemli değişikliklere neden olan iletişim teknolojileridir. Sosyal medya araçları, insanların ilgi alanlarına özel olarak kişiselleştirilebilmekte ve sosyalleşme imkânı sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, her yaştan, cinsiyetten, eğitim ve gelir seviyesinden insanlar tarafından yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Sosyal medya, sanal ortamda iletişim ve ilişkiler kurma imkânı sağlayarak insanların sosyalleşmesine yardımcı olmaktadır. Ancak, sosyal medya araçlarının yalnızlığı tetiklediği bilinmektedir. Toplumda artan yalnızlık sorunu, sosyal medya kullanımının hem sebebi hem de sonucu olabilmektedir.

Araştırmada, Selçuk Üniversitesi'nde eğitim gören ve sosyal medya kullanan 461 öğrenciye anket uygulanmış ve sosyal medya araçlarının kullanımı ile yalnızlık arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. U.C.L.A. Yalnızlık Ölçeği kullanılarak katılımcıların yalnızlık düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Ankette, katılımcıların sosyal medya kullanım alışkanlıkları ile ilgili sorular ve demografik sorular da yer almıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların sosyal medya kullanım süreleri en az 45 dakika ve en fazla 600 dakika arasında değişmektedir. Kadınların erkeklere oranla sosyal medyada daha fazla zaman geçirdiği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %78.5'i orta derecede yalnız olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Bu sonuçlara göre araştırma, gençler arasında sosyal medya kullanımının ve yalnızlık düzeylerinin anlaşılması için bir fikir vermektedir. Araştırma, sosyal medya kullanımının yalnızlık üzerindeki etkisini daha detaylı bir şekilde anlaşılmasını sağlamaya çalışmaktadır.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) as compared to Teacher-Driven Instruction (TDI) on the achievement of EFL undergraduates in Saudi Arabia. The instructional material dealt with modal English language verbs. This research was carried out on a sample size of 68 EFL undergraduates divided into two equal groups namely: experimental (CALL) group and control (TDI) group. The control group was taught with the regular prescribed textbook while the experimental group was given a unique Web-Based instructional material based on Hot Potatoes as a language learning software. Two tests were conducted, pre-test and post-test with both groups at two intervals. The pre-test was undertaken immediately at the end of the instructional period, and a delayed post-test three weeks after the instructional period. Findings revealed that the performance of the experimental; (CALL) group was significantly better than that of the control (TDI) group on ...