Sport Management

This study investigated how boards of national sport organizations might enhance their strategic capability. Utilizing an action research method and focusing on the case of New Zealand Football (soccer), findings established that greater board involvement in strategy advanced the board’s ability to perform its strategic function. Further findings determined the importance of shared leadership between the board and the CEO, the complex interplay in balancing this relationship and the need to integrate strategy into board processes.

To be groomed is to fall into the thrall of one who seduces you into believing you are loved and valued and treasured, only to discover sometimes decades after the event that you are more a sexual object in the eyes of your perpetrator, one ripe for plucking, than a beloved person.

Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans in late August 2005, and debates are now underway across the country concerning strategies for reconstructing the City. Both of New Orleans's professional sports teams, the National Football League Saints and the National Basketball Association Hornets, left the city in the wake of the storm, and the question of what the city should provide in the way of financial accommodation to encourage them to return should be considered in devising a reconstruction plan. New Orleans has hosted a disproportionate share of mega-sports events in the United States given its size and demographics. An important question concerns whether these events have contributed enough to the New Orleans economy to justify reinvestment in infrastructure to restore New Orleans's place as a leading host of professional sports and mega-events in the United States. This paper examines the economic impact of professional sports on the New Orleans economy and concludes that the redevelopment efforts of New Orleans are better directed at first providing infrastructure that will encourage the return of its middle class citizenry and the restoration of its culture. Playing host to professional sports and mega-events does have symbolic significance, but it is arguable that the city cannot afford to invite guests until it has the means to accommodate them.

Recently, continuous dynamic changes in the external environment necessitate the search for new management solutions for both business structures and society as a whole. In turn, sport, as an element of social experience, is capable of exerting a powerful influence on the individual and society. And this influence is not limited to the application of sports principles and analogues at the level of organizations or functional units, it has much greater potential. Competent use of this potential can be an effective tool for making management decisions to achieve a more prosperous and happy society. Modern civilization is changing the environment, social institutions, and the person himself to a large extent. In this regard, physical education is considered not only as a source of social innovations, but also as a means of changing the nature of man (Homo sapiens) as a social individual. This clearly demonstrates the desire of modern researchers to identify the potential of social institutions associated with the restoration of the physical culture of society, to find their internal resources and new opportunities for effective management of socio-cultural processes. Physical education and sports are an integral part of public life, often rightly called the socio-economic phenomenon of the 20th and 21st centuries, one of the most important elements of the value system created by humanity of our modern culture. Indeed, in our modern era, physical education and sports began to occupy a place in the life of society that it had never occupied before in the history of mankind. Today, many informed economists see sports as a new and very promising sector of the national economy. Therefore, this area is increasingly attracting the attention of economists, managers, sociologists and other specialists in the natural and human sciences. The listed problems of theoretical, methodological and empirical sociological analysis of sports as a social institution in the physical education system of modern Azerbaijani society are of great relevance, theoretical and practical importance. The optimization of the development of social processes in the country also largely depends on their solution.

This article examines the efficacy of educational partnerships by sport management and business programs with professional sports clubs. We utilize a case study of the Lock Haven University partnership with Wolverhampton Wanderers of the Premier League in England which was formed in 2019. Both organizations are seeking to expand their footprint, particularly in the North American marketplace. We view the partnership from the lens of value adding for students and for professional sports organizations. Further discussions of leveraging other relationships for student project work, study abroad and internships are also made in our presentation.

The existing study was primarily conducted with the determination to assess the perception of athletes regarding communication skills on part of coach and its role in uplifting of athletic performance. Athletes of various activities from Punjab University (n-300) were taken as a population of the study and thus 100 athletes were selected as sample by using the available sample technique. In order to collect the required data about various perspectives of the said issue, the comprehensive questionnaire was developed and distributed among the respondents (athletes of Punjab University) and got back after filling by respondents. The gathered data were administered through statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version 26). On basis of data analysis, it was concluded that a coach as well as a trainer with good communication skills can make a coaching process easy and effective for his/her players. Based on conclusion, it is recommended that coaches and trainers need to use proper communication skills for the uplifting of player performance.

The existing study was primarily conducted with the determination to assess the perception of athletes regarding communication skills on part of coach and its role in uplifting of athletic performance. Athletes of various activities from Punjab University (n-300) were taken as a population of the study and thus 100 athletes were selected as sample by using the available sample technique. In order to collect the required data about various perspectives of the said issue, the comprehensive questionnaire was developed and distributed among the respondents (athletes of Punjab University) and got back after filling by respondents. The gathered data were administered through statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version 26). On basis of data analysis, it was concluded that a coach as well as a trainer with good communication skills can make a coaching process easy and effective for his/her players. Based on conclusion, it is recommended that coaches and trainers need to use proper communication skills for the uplifting of player performance.

This study is a part of a broader research approach that was undertaken to develop a strategy for developing sports organization, which was the diagnosis management of football clubs. Diagnosis management of football clubs was achieved by using a questionnaire -based survey and the SWOT analysis. By analyzing the results we found existing case management system and strategic directions identified are considered prerequisites to develop route praxiological organizational development strategy The assessment highlights the need opinion requiring redesign investigated sample management system to optimize business performance management to achieve sports. The problems facing sports organizations can be improved and depend on the capacity manager (strategist with economic vision and knowledge management) refer the crucial role of scientific management, ensuring favorable conditions for both clubs survival and for their development.

The research reveals that hosting sports mega-event has generated new opportunities, challenges on India the process of hosting has been a strategy for local Government to stimulated urban development. Which included promotion of the sports, relation with urban development and spectators. The total sample = 370. The result highlighted that due to the event there was a huge development in the sports infrastructure of the cities, jobs opportunities created for the people, attracted many fans from the different parts of the country and world. A new image of the host cities was created in the national arena. Primary data were collected during the period from March 2013 to May 2013. Pearson Chi-square test was applied to evaluate the independents of variables with regards to the characteristics of the sample. WCC 2011 has brought the city’s more opportunities for land development, transportation improvement, and other infrastructure promotions.

Today, sports organizations like non-sports organizations are exposed to environmental and global changes and are involved in their own issues. Sport departments cope with problems like environmental changing especially in sport services’ department. So, in this world which is changing in a high speed, organisations must frequently monitor domestic and foreign events to adapt themselves essentially to the changes in a good time, and the managers, relying on the long-term plans, must organize future guidelines in a way that is proportionate to future positions. In general, organizations confront different external environmental changes such as political, economic, social and technological factors, competitors, stakeholders, governmental institutions, financial mediators, unions, suppliers and also internal factors such as managerial, financial, marketing, services, research, development and computer information system and organizational, technical and individual variables. So, it see...

In this study, the author will discuss different teaching methodologies practiced in the classrooms in the higher education at home and abroad and will mainly focus on the Flipped teaching method evolved in USA and adopted by different universities in the North America, Australia and Europe. The main focus of this article to discuss how a flipped class inverts the typical cycle of content acquisition and application in order to help gain knowledge to solve a problem before they come to the class and the role of the faculty member is to guide them through the solution of a problem in the classroom. The study reveal that flipped teaching help students engage students as active participants and learners, help them learn deeply and learn from each other.

Over the past 40 years, the municipalities have been the main promoters of sport development in several parts of the world. They were also crucial in the definition of sport policies with actions focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyles through physical activity and sport practice for all sectors of society. Nevertheless, in the municipalities of Mozambique, the intervention in sport is a relatively new activity. Research in these fields is very rare, so it is urgent to proceed with disaggregated studies on sport reality in municipalities of Mozambique. The aim of this study was to design and validate a specific tool for characterization of municipal sports services. For this purpose, an ad hoc instrument based on a previous literature review was designed and submitted to validation process by academic experts. After the instrument obtained a positive evaluation, a pilot study was conducted. Forty-one items, divided into= nine dimensions, compose the final version. The instrum...

Objetivo: Teniendo en cuenta las competencias, la diversidad y complejidad de los municipios mozambiquenos desde el punto de vista de su clasificacion, el presente estudio pretende identificar y caracterizar los modelos de intervencion politico-deportivos en los municipios de Mozambique. Metodo: Se recurrio al analisis documental y se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 12 concejales de deporte de los municipios de las categorias A, B, C y D clasificados segun criterios socioecomicos, sociodemograficos y socioculturales. Resultados: Sugieren una carencia de programas y planes estrategicos para el deporte en los locales de trabajo, de residencia, en las fuerzas de defensa y seguridad en todos los municipios, y para el deporte en las instituciones de educacion y formacion apuntan a una intervencion puntual en los municipios de las categorias B, C y D, y continuada en la categoria A. En relacion al deporte de competicion, no hay planes de intervencion ni apoyo en municipios de ca...

This desk-based review critically examines corruption and misgovernance in Nigerian sport, focusing on institutional weaknesses, legal gaps, and policy failures. Drawing on peerreviewed sources, the paper identifies five key challenges: legal fragmentation, political interference, policy incoherence, stakeholder exclusion, and lack of accountability. These issues hinder the implementation of Nigeria's sports policy and foster elite capture and misappropriation of resources. The review offers reform pathways, including legal harmonisation, decentralised oversight, judicial enforcement, and participatory governance. A thematic synthesis summarises scholarly recommendations and exposes systemic dysfunctions. Ultimately, the paper advocates for governance rooted in transparency, enforceability, and inclusion. This study contributes to sport governance discourse in Africa and supports evidence-based advocacy and legal reform efforts targeting sustainable sport development.

The professional sports industry faces high competitive and operational pressures, including performance demands, fan loyalty, sponsorship expectations, and media scrutiny. Human resource (HRM) management plays a strategic role in determining the success of professional sports clubs, yet the application of transformational leadership (TL) in this context remains limited, particularly regarding the mechanism of its influence on club performance through HRM practices.This research uses an approach/narrative review, with literature analysis from Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases (2010-2025), using keywords such as "transformational leadership," "sports management," and "human resource management." The literature was analyzed based on the dimensions of TL, HRM practices, and club performance outcomes, while identifying patterns, gaps, and mediating mechanisms of HRM.The results show that the TL dimensionidealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, And individualized consideration encourage motivation, job satisfaction, talent retention, and innovation for staff and athletes. Effective HRM practices, such as adaptive training, coaching, and performance management, serve as key mediators who translate the influence of TL into improved team and overall organizational performance.Effective integration of TL and HRM practices is essential for superior performance and sustainable success of professional sports clubs, and provides practical implications for managers and coaches.

El derecho laboral siempre ha buscado mecanismos para lograr la garantía de los pagos de los salarios de los trabajadores, en este ensayo analizaron dos figuras jurídicas, curiosamente similares, pero que difieren en algunas cosas, estas son la sucesión deportiva y la sustitución del patrono. La Sucesión Deportiva se puede definir como una forma de garantizar los derechos laborales en favor de los acreedores de un club deportivo, que, por razones de quiebra o disolución, no haya realizado el pago de sus obligaciones, agregando que ahora un nuevo club que se ha denominado Sucesor Deportivo, adquiere no solo los activos del club, como su historia, colores, escudo, títulos, activos patrimoniales, sino también los pasivos, como estas deudas laborales, civiles, mercantiles y fiscales, no pudiendo eludir estas, si se llega a declarar con carácter de cosa juzgada su cualidad de Sucesor Deportivo, del equipo que precedió. La sustitución del patrono se puede definir como una garantía a la estabilidad laboral, cuando exista una venta o fusión de una entidad de trabajo, para que los trabajadores no vean en peligro sus derechos laborales. Puede darse el caso en que un equipo deportivo llegue a desaparecer por distintas causas y quedan los trabajadores de estos equipos sin poder percibir sus debidas remuneraciones. Este es su punto de comparación con la sustitución de patrono, ya que ambos buscan dar seguridad de sus pagos a los trabajadores y permitir una continuidad de las relaciones de trabajo.

With the professionalisation of sport in South Africa, the pressure to perform in sport amongst tertiary institutions has increased the competition to recruit the best athletes with the highest potential to perform. Tertiary education student-athlete recruitment has become a fiercely competitive market and being able to identify the factors which indirectly or directly influence a potential recruit's decision of whether or not to attend a tertiary institution is of great value to any institution. A sustainable and effective recruitment strategy is needed to ensure the recruitment of the highest calibre athletes. This study aims to determine which factors influence sport recruitment of student-athletes at tertiary level and the importance thereof. Questionnaires were distributed to potential University of Johannesburg recruits for 2013 (n=6); current UJ studentathletes (n=46); and unsuccessful 2012 recruits from various sporting codes consisting of athletics (n=4); cricket (n=1); football (n=18); hockey (n=5); netball (n=1); rowing (n=8); rugby (n=13) and other (n=2). Results were interpreted through the use of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). The role of academic recruitment factors for student-athletes proved to be inconsequential overall with just the quality of the course presented measuring any significance, however sporting factors such as the quality of the High performance programme, sporting facilities and sporting participation opportunities of different levels were identified as strong recruitment factors on which student-athletes based their decisions on with regards to attending an institution. Higher education sport practitioners and/or coaches working with constrained student development programming and/or recruiting budgets are better able to streamline these processes with a better understanding of student athlete choice factors. Knowing which factors to emphasise during the choice stage of choosing a university will better assist urban-serving universities during program development or recruiting.

Sports events are some of the significant sources of entertainmentoften delivering its viewers an intensely thrilling and emotional excitement. Millions of fans worldwide unite to watch some of the greatest sports events like the world cup, the Olympics, the world-seriesengaging fans, and even people who do not regularly play sports alike. Marketers realize the kind of attention that sports events receive and have been advertising their products and creating campaigns to raise awareness for a very long time. Millions of dollars are spent by brands on advertising and sports marketing initiatives. With the rapid change in technology and digitalization, sports marketing has grown over the past few decades. The availability of many Digital media apps has made it easy for people to hear or learn about something they are interested in, effortlessly. News articles, live scores, sports event updates, and other content-centered articles are easily available and brought to us to our hand-held mobile phones, tablets, etc. This thesis aims to observe various strategies and methodologies implemented by the Major Sports organizations to draw in the attention of the audience belonging to different groups and interests. Digital aspects being the primary area of focus including the use of social media trends, endorsements with famous athletes in campaigns, and its impact on driving fans' attention and other growing sectors of sports marketing and entrepreneurship. The study revolves around the advancement of marketing techniques from traditional to modern and digital techniques over the years, taking into account on how Wimbledon's traditional image has been radically transformed into a global brand, gaining a lot of attention on social media. Followed by a detailed Literature review, which explains the current marketing/advertising strategies and some of the factors that influence marketing. The development of the Internet has brought upon a new marketing model by changing the way people are connected. The purpose of this research is to distinguish how Sports events have shifted their focus towards digital marketingprimarily observing Wimbledon's innovative shifts to the media landscape. The theoretical part of this thesis explains how Social media can be a potential medium for reaching out to a large global audience and some of the key factors that can impact a brand's visual identity over IV DECLARATION Name: Bhavya Velagapudi

This research paper analyzes the factors affecting the success of sporting events. The paper identifies various factors, including environmental, venue-related, safety, technological, sponsorship, timing, athlete performance, and organizational management factors that impact the success of sporting events. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding these factors to plan and execute successful events that attract large audiences, generate revenue, and promote the sport. The paper concludes by highlighting the significance of proper planning, management, and execution to ensure a successful sporting event.

Purpose: The professionalism in sports administration and management is one of the most important areas that relate to all aspects of the nature and life of individuals as it is considered a successful method in setting the objectives of individuals in a scientific way. Professionalization of sport has a prominent and enduring history in the field of sports management.   Theoretical Framework: The study adopts the theory of professionalism in sports administration as the theoretical framework of the study.   Design/Methodology/Approach: This study has systematically reviewed the notion of professionalism in the studies related to sports administration. The choice of research paradigms, methods, interests, perspective, and operational definitions have been reviewed from the past literature. Furthermore, this study has attempted to identify potential research gaps and future avenues of inquiry within the port management discipline.   Findings: The findings reveal that current success i...

Aim: This study investigates the soccer dribbling performance time and dribbling technique of primary four pupils using mental imagery combined with the physical demonstration during soccer practice in physical education classes. Material and Methods: The study was conducted using a true experimental research design. Randomized pre-and post-test control group design for the intervention program, students were randomly assigned into three different groups of MIDG, MIG and CG using fishbowl method of selection for a pre-test, post-test data collection procedures on children’s soccer dribbling performance time to answer the hypothesis that mental imagery and demonstration approach is an effective method of teaching and enhancing primary school children's soccer dribbling skills. Results: ANCOVA was calculated to examine the effect of soccer dribbling performance time of the primary four pupils controlling for the effect of Pre-test. There is significant difference between the group...

This work contributes to an emerging literature focused on the role of physical activity on the subjective well-being of populations. Unlike the existing literature, it proposes an approach that uses algorithms to predict subjective well-being. The aims of this study were to determine the relative importance of sports participation and perceived value of elite sports on the subjective well-being of individuals. A total of 511 participants completed an online questionnaire. The statistical analysis used several machine learning techniques, including three algorithms, Decision Tree Classifier (DTC), Random Forest Classifier (RFC), and Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC). In the three algorithms tested, sports participation, expressed as the weekly frequency and the time spent engaging in vigorous physical activity, showed a greater importance (between 47% and 53%) in determining subjective well-being. It also highlights the effect of perceived value of elite sport on the prediction of ...

Football events are by far one of the most preferred leisure activities amongst fans around the world, namely when it involves their favorite team. The measurement of sponsorship results is seen as a research priority, however, some results found are not consistent, in which mediation is seen as a research priority. This research intends to: (i) determine fan identification effect on perceived congruency between sponsor and sponsored team, and on intentions towards buying sponsor's products, and; (ii) determine the mediation role of perceived congruence. In total, 1399 fans from a top three Portuguese professional football team were considered for analysis. For statistical analysis, Structural Equation Modeling was used. Results show that higher levels of fans' team identification lead to higher intention to buy sponsor's products, and the most innovative result was the relevant mediating role of the perceived congruence in the formation of the purchase intention on sponsor's products.

PurposeThis study aims to explore the indirect and direct effect of perceived congruence between fans' identification with a team and the intention to buy sponsor's products. The level of perceived congruence between the sponsor and the sports team, as well as fans' attitude toward the sponsor and their purchase intention toward products from the sponsoring company are analyzed.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 2,647 football fans who support two well-known Portuguese professional football teams completed a questionnaire. Structural equation modeling with multigroup analysis was carried out to test the model and the hypotheses.FindingsTeam identification has an effect on perceived congruence, on attitude toward sponsors and on intention to buy. The results also show the positive direct and indirect effects of both perceived congruence on attitude toward the sponsoring company and on purchase intention of sponsors' products. However, neither congruence nor attitu...

Whistleblowing is effective for exposing doping in sport, garnering increased support and promotion within the global anti-doping community. However, limited attention has been afforded towards understanding the doping whistleblowing process. In response, the authors convey a sense of the whistleblowing context by using the actual words of whistleblowers to illuminate their experience. To achieve this aim, the authors have adopted a narrative approach. Three doping whistleblowers were interviewed regarding their lived experiences of whistleblowing on doping and the data has been represented in the form of one composite creative non-fiction story. The story narrates the whistleblowing experience as a process whereby individuals must (a) determine what they witnessed and experienced was doping, (b) make the decision and take action to report it, and (c) deal with the myriad of consequences and emotions. It also highlights the dilemma faced by whistleblowers who are likely equally compelled to adhere to the moral of loyalty and fairness; yet in this context they are unable to do both. Stemming from the story presented and the forms of retribution experienced, the authors offer practical suggestions for sporting organisations to address in order to empower others to whistleblow on doping in sport. Specifically, organisations should establish and implement whistleblowing policies that: (a) provide protection for whistleblowers, (b) mandate whistleblowing education, and (c) identify an independent person for individuals to seek guidance and support from before, during and following the act of whistleblowing.

Whistleblowing is effective for exposing doping in sport, garnering increased support and promotion within the global anti-doping community. However, limited attention has been afforded towards understanding the doping whistleblowing process. In response, the authors convey a sense of the whistleblowing context by using the actual words of whistleblowers to illuminate their experience. To achieve this aim, the authors have adopted a narrative approach. Three doping whistleblowers were interviewed regarding their lived experiences of whistleblowing on doping and the data has been represented in the form of one composite creative non-fiction story. The story narrates the whistleblowing experience as a process whereby individuals must (a) determine what they witnessed and experienced was doping, (b) make the decision and take action to report it, and (c) deal with the myriad of consequences and emotions. It also highlights the dilemma faced by whistleblowers who are likely equally compelled to adhere to the moral of loyalty and fairness; yet in this context they are unable to do both. Stemming from the story presented and the forms of retribution experienced, the authors offer practical suggestions for sporting organisations to address in order to empower others to whistleblow on doping in sport. Specifically, organisations should establish and implement whistleblowing policies that: (a) provide protection for whistleblowers, (b) mandate whistleblowing education, and (c) identify an independent person for individuals to seek guidance and support from before, during and following the act of whistleblowing.

Positive Futures is a project, which uses sport to engage with socially marginalised young people. It aims to have a positive influence on participants’ lives by widening horizons and providing access to new opportunities, steering young people towards education, training and employment. Existing research struggles to provide much ‘hard’ evidence that such interventions have a significant impact and what evidence is available tends to come from internal assessment or isolated evaluation and is often overly quantitative. Our Case Study Research Project adopts a long term, qualitative, evaluative framework in order to assess the impact, organisational and process elements of interventions. Our research is committed to a Participative Action Research approach, which is collaborative and characterised by a dynamic relationship between theory and practice. It engages those at the heart of the research in the design, analysis and use of findings and leads to the development of flexible, l...

The beginning of university life from a safe school environment to unexposed university life is a bit challenging for
students, resulting in a great impact on their positive state of mind, wherein social support can play a crucial role in
sustaining a new challenging environment. The intent is to delve into the influence of perceived social support on
psychological capital (PsyCap) and its subdimensions along with discovering gender disparities. A cohort sample of
100 university students (50 males & 50 females) was collected and later assessed by a Standardized questionnaire,
namely, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support and an academic psychological capital scale. Data
analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Pearson correlation. Results revealed a robust and significant
positive association of perceived social support with psychological capital (PsyCap) and its all sub-dimensions,
namely hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism. Additionally, significant gender differences in perceived
social support and psychological capital were observed, where male participants scored higher than females in both
variables.

This study contributes to the emerging empirical studies on roles and responsibilities of boards in nonprofit organizations by identifying competencies of volunteer board members. We identified how two types of constituents—volunteer board members and sports members—perceived competencies of volunteer board members in community sports clubs. We used the repertory grid technique to draw cognitive maps and to reveal the perceived reality of these constituents. Our results suggest that constituents within a group share similar perceptions of competencies of outstanding performing board members, whereas they agree less on perceptions of poor performing board members. This study reveals that cognitive (e.g., having a long-term vision, having professionalism), emotional intelligence (e.g., being reliable, being honest), and social intelligence (e.g., listening to others, being jovial/nice to be with) competencies are necessary to be perceived as an outstanding performing board member.

Background: Physical activity recommendations are only reached by a small part of the population. A common problem is that research findings on public health-related topics such as physical activity promotion are oftentimes not translated into practice. The involvement of relevant stakeholders, such as change agents (role models, decision-makers, and/or knowledge mediators), is a common strategy to implement physical activity recommendations in specific settings as they have the necessary knowledge of contextual factors. However, dissemination and implementation of physical activity recommendations are often prevented by focusing exclusively on the health sector and by underestimating the individual perceptions and needs of change agents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to address the problem of how physical activity recommendations can be translated into practice through comprehensive consideration of the situation and context of change agents from various sectors of societ...

Background and Purpose: Sports tourism serves as a key driver of socio-economic development, playing an increasingly important role in attracting tourists and ensuring the sustainability of tourist destinations. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the selection of sports tourism destinations in Kish Island.
Design/methodology/approach: This applied qualitative study involved key stakeholders including sports and tourism management experts, cultural heritage officials, youth and sports department managers, tourism agency directors, Kish Free Zone tourism officials, tour guides, and tourists visiting Kish. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using qualitative content analysis to systematically identify and categorize key factors affecting sports tourism destination selection.
Findings: After conducting 16 interviews, theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were systematically analyzed using thematic analysis in NVivo 12 Plus software, resulting in the identification of 66 components categorized into 9 main themes: personal motivations, destination events/activities, advertising/information, geographical/natural/historical attractions, economic factors, physical infrastructure, socio-cultural factors, service/product quality, and destination management/governmental policies.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that Kish Island's tourism authorities and relevant stakeholders can utilize these identified factors to develop more effective policies and planning strategies to enhance the island's appeal as a sports tourism destination. Targeted application of these factors could improve tourist experiences, elevate the destination's image, and increase Kish's attractiveness as a preferred sports tourism location.
Originality/Value: As one of the first comprehensive studies examining factors influencing sports tourism destination selection with a focus on Kish Island, this research fills an important knowledge gap while providing practical tools for policymakers to optimize strategies for attracting sports tourists. The findings offer valuable insights for destination marketing and management in similar contexts.

No studies have yet attempted to quantitatively measure the competencies of Brazilian student-athletes. Consequently, there are no validated measures suitable for this purpose. The aim of this research was to examine the psychometric properties and assess content validity, factorial validity and evidence based on response processes of the Brazilian version of the Dual Career Competency Questionnaire for Athletes (DCCQ-A). Methods: The Brazilian DCCQ-A was administered to 745 student-athletes (M age = 17.3 ± 5.4; 54% female; 8% student-athletes with disabilities). Results: Content validity coefficient analysis indicated clarity of language, theoretical pertinence, and practical relevance of the Brazilian DCCQ-A items. Confirmatory factorial analysis revealed excellent goodness-of-fit indices of the 4-factor structure model. Polytomous Rasch analysis demonstrated an acceptable adjustment of the items and good organization in the item response categories. Discussion: Considering the psychometric strength of the Brazilian DCCQ-A, this instrument can contribute to the practical and research applicability of sport psychology, providing support to those involved with student-athletes' dual career by identifying their competencies and possible limitations.

This paper draws on 2 years of ethnographic research (2020-2022) examining the opportunities and challenges influencing the participation of Muslim girls in sports in Melbourne, Australia. The research employed a combination of participant observation, focus groups, and semi-structured in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including parents (primarily mothers), students (daughters), and school staff, such as Physical Education teachers and members of school management. Central to the study was an exploration of mothers' attitudes, given their pivotal role in facilitating their daughters' engagement in sports and physical activity. The study also identified various structural barriers that mothers encountered in accessing community sports opportunities. A significant finding was the role of trust as a critical enabler for sports participation. This paper highlights how communities collaborated with the local council to develop culturally inclusive strategies that addressed both perceived and actual barriers to participation. Through these efforts, mutual trust and relationships were built, creating pathways for greater inclusion. The analysis focuses on a model of partnership between a local council and an Islamic school, designed to support Muslim women and girls in engaging in sports and physical activities. This model offers valuable insights into fostering inclusive practices and overcoming cultural and structural challenges.

Aim: It is suggested that there is a relationship between students' academic procrastination behavior and their attitudes towards sports. This study aims to explain how this relationship is. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between academic procrastination and attitudes towards sports of students studying at Mardin Artuklu University School of Physical Education and Sports. Methods: While the universe of the study was formed by the students studying at Mardin Artuklu University School of Physical Education and Sports; The sample consists of 182 students who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Attitude towards Sports Scale and Academic Procrastination Scale were used as data collection tools in the study. SPSS 20 package program was used to analyze the obtained data. The "Kolmogorov-Smirnov" test was used to determine that the data had a normal distribution, and "ANOVA Homogeneity of Variance” test was used to evaluate whether the ...

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine geçildikten sonra kamu yönetimindeki uygulamaların, spor politikalarına yansımalarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi, kamuyu ilgilendiren her alanda olduğu gibi şüphesiz spor alanında da birçok değişikliğe sebep olmuştur. Kamu yönetimi, sporun toplumsal, ekonomik ve daha birçok yönleriyle olan ilişkisini şekillendiren önemli bir unsurdur. Kamu yönetimi, spor yönetiminin dizayn edilmesinde ve spor politikalarının belirlenmesinde rol oynayan çok önemli bir faktördür. Araştırma da Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminin kamu yönetimi üzerindeki etkilerinin özellikle spor politikaları bağlamında nasıl bir dönüşüm yarattığı ortaya koyulmuştur. Araştırma sorularıyla çalışma veri anlamında somut bir özellik kazanmıştır. Spor politikaları, hükümetlerin spor alanında ortaya koyduğu hedefler ve stratejilerle şekillenir. Bu nedenle kamu yönetiminin karar alma süreçleri, kaynak tahsisi ve uygulama mekanizmaları, sporun kalitesini ve erişilebilirliğini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Araştırmanın önemi noktasında özellikle Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine geçildikten sonra kamu yönetiminin, spor politikası üzerindeki etkisini konu edinen araştırmaların pek az oluşu bu araştırmanın önemini daha da arttıracağı düşünülmüştür.

This study aimed to develop a Positive Affirmation Skills Intervention to find out if there is an improvement in the Psychosocial Development of the Seminarians. An experimental group of seminarians underwent an intervention of 11 modules of Positive thoughts enhancement and Interpersonal skills developed by the researcher tailored fit for the Filipino culture seminarians and a controlled group of seminarians went thru a normal setting lecture of formation in the seminary. A pre-test and posttest of the seminarians’ psychosocial development with a Psychosocial Development measurement tool (Modified Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory – MEPSI) was utilized to find out if there is an efficacy of the intervention.

Sports are socially significant activities to enhance national identity. The aim of this study is to investigate the loyalty attributes that have influenced spectators' intentions to watch football in Malaysia. The variables that were intended to analyze is loyalty factors on spectators' their intentions to Malaysian football match. The instruments that were used are Model Point of Attachment Index (Trail, Robinson & Dick, 2003) and Behavioral Intentions Scale (Hightower, Brady, Baker, 2002). Stepwise regression were used to analyse data. The results revealed that there is a significant linear regression between loyalty and spectators' intentions to watch football games is strong. Analysis regression stepwise shows that the predictor for spectators' intentions to watch football consists of variables, such as Malaysia Cup football league, team, community, player, and football game. These variables affect 54% (p =.01) variance towards their intentions to watch football games at stadium. According this result, sport organization continuing their assessment and loyalty attributes to plan strategies to increase the usage of the stadium as leisure activities and national identity programme. Therefore, the sport organization should consider loyalty elements in planning strategies to enhance 'One Malaysia' identity through sports activities.

A range of cross-sectional models are estimated with a view to establishing the factors that determine the valuation of professional athletes in a highly-specialised sport, with an application to cricket's Indian Premier League (IPL). We distinguish between personal characteristic and playing ability factors, and with respect to the former, between ability in different forms of the sport. We find a number of interpretable variables that have explanatory power over auction values, while decomposition according to batting and bowling specialisations produces very different results depending on the use of either Test or One-Day International (ODI) variables. There is also possible evidence of inefficient bidding, insomuch that overbidding was somewhat correlated with players with higher realised values.

Objectives: The main objective of this article is to examine the impact of commercial contracts on various aspects of human resource management. In this regard, the article seeks to answer questions such as how commercial contracts affect organizational culture and structure, changes in human resource policies resulting from these contracts, and strategies for managing their negative effects on human resources.
Study Method: This research uses a descriptive-analytical approach. The method of this research is based on reviewing documents and previous studies in the field of human resource management and commercial contracts. Content analysis of international theories and reports, along with case studies, was the main tool for collecting information in this research.
Findings: The research findings show that commercial contracts cause fundamental changes in organizational culture, labor recruitment and retention policies, labor laws, and the reward system. Opportunities arising from these changes include the development of international skills, cultural diversity, and the enhancement of the organization's competitiveness. On the other hand, there are challenges such as employee resistance to change and the costs of adapting to foreign laws.
Conclusion: The results of the study emphasize the importance of the strategic role of human resource management in the success of organizations in the era of globalization. Suggestions such as developing international human resource strategies, conducting adaptive training programs, and creating specialized units for managing cultural differences can help organizations make optimal use of the opportunities created.

Turnover among employees is a major issue that significantly has an impact on human resource management and organizational success. One of the key aspects of turnover is the loss of valuable knowledge and technical skills, which is particularly prominent in sports organizations. Thus, this study explored the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention in Educity, Johor. The research employed a quantitative design and involved distributing a questionnaire containing 40 items that assessed job satisfaction and turnover intention to 40 employees in Educity, Johor. The findings revealed a clear and negative association between job satisfaction and turnover intention. In other words, employees who are satisfied with their job are less likely to leave the organization. Consequently, the results of this study can be utilized to enhance employee well-being, guide future research, and inform human resource planning and development. It is recommended that policies be improved based on these findings, and further surveys should be conducted with a new sample.

The issues of human resource management practices have been broadly discussed in the Malaysian employment sector. This is because human resource management practices are recognized as a system that can produce good-quality employees that can influence organizational survival. The objective of this study was to determine the level of human resource management practices of the Johor State Sports Council. Eighty-five employees of the Johor State Sports Council have been recruited. A survey design using a questionnaire comprising 26 items was used to measure recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, reward and participation, and communication. The study's findings show that four human resource management practices were at a high level and training and development were reported at a moderate level. The result demonstrates that human resource management practices applied by the Johor State Sports Council execute better outcomes among employees, eventually creating a good image of the organization. Hence, integrated human resource management can help the organization refine employee development for the long term.

A Dios, sin él nada hubiese podido ser posible. De igual forma, queremos agradecer profundamente el apoyo de todas las personas que nos acompañaron y apoyaron incondicionalmente en todo el proceso, en especial a la familia Forero Neira y Mercado Wilches, compañeros, amigos, profesores y a nuestro tutor y amigo David Hernando Barbosa Ramírez por su guía y asesoramiento en la construcción de este trabajo. Guido Manuel Mercado Wilches "A Dios y mi familia quienes con su apoyo, acompañamiento y cariño han hecho posible mi existencia, la han llenado de experiencias y oportunidades extraordinarias, y son la más grande motivación para levantarse cada día"