Social and Cultural Capital

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de caso que pretende saber si los planes de desarrollo comunitario (PDC) son promotores de capital social y relaciones en las comunidades. Para responder a esta pregunta de investigación, se recogen, se analizan y se comparan un conjunto de aportaciones teóricas sobre qué es capital social, qué elementos contiene y qué beneficios aporta a las comunidades. Finalmente, se presenta el análisis de caso, que evalúa la creación de capital social relaciones en el barrio de Navas de Barcelona, a raíz de la creación del PDC Navas en el año 2009.

Pos era agricultor. Es agricultor. S: Le preguntaba mas 0 menos, lcuales eran sus labores? D: Pues sembrar trigo, sorgo, maiz, frijol, chile y hortalizas, lechuga, todo eso. S: lUd. hasta que ano fue a la escuela? D: Hasta sexto ano. $: lComo eran sus maestros y sus companeros con Ud.? D: Pos buenas gentes todos. S: lAprendio algo Ud. en la primaria? D: Pos si aprendi algo, muchas cosas que no se me han olvidado y otras qu e ya s e me 01 vida ro n . $: Me platicaba anteriormente que nada mas la primaria estudio, lverdad? D: Si. S: lCual fue su motiv~? D: Es que no me gusto seguir estudiando. s: Y le preguntaba yo que como era eso de que no le gustaba. lverdad? Precisamente ayer un amigo me dijo que no le gustaba la escuela. lQue quiere decir eso, que no le gustaba la escuela? D: Pues que no tiene empeno uno en ir a la escuela, que le da flojera y todo eso. Pues si, que le da flojera y no, no va uno con devocion a

A través de la historia del mundo occidental, el concepto de cultura
se ha definido de diversas formas. Con origen en el verbo latino colere, la
cultura adquiere significados que van desde cuidar, cultivar y habitar
hasta venerar y proteger (Agirrebaltzategi, 1976; Austin, 2000; Böhm, 1996; Carducci, 2006; Chaui, 2008; Eagleton, 2001; García & González, 2001; Šmajs, 2005).
La primera definición formal de cultura presentada por el antropólogo Tylor data del siglo XIX e incluye capacidades y hábitos que adquiere el hombre como parte de una sociedad, tales como el conocimiento, el arte, las creencias, las leyes, la moral o las costumbres (Juárez, 1993; Prieto, 2004; Ramírez, 2005; Weiss, 1973; White, 1959). Más tarde, en el siglo XX, se define el término como el conjunto de costumbres de un pueblo, sus modelos de comportamiento y significados sociales establecidos, una cosmogonía en la
que el individuo se comunica y desenvuelve a través de símbolos y esquemas culturales reflejo de su propia interacción, y construcción, con/del entorno.
Un hito importante en la evolución del término y su desarrollo guarda relación con la aparición de la tecnología y los medios de comunicación en la sociedad, lo que ha ido  unido al surgimiento del concepto de cultura de masas o mass culture. En este contexto ha aparecido una sociedad de la información que consume también cultura de forma masiva y
que da mayor valor a aquéllos bienes y servicios de calidad (Zukin & Smith, 2004).
El concepto de cultura guarda relación directa con esta tesis doctoral, que aborda dos ejes principales de estudio y análisis: el consumo cultural y el consumo musical, ambos orientados hacia un sector poblacional específico, los jóvenes.

Este trabajo indaga en la percepción de los actores sociales, las relaciones interpersonales, los significados asociados y las redes sociales autogeneradas en las prácticas asociativas que se desarrollan en este ámbito de sociabilidad compartida. Nuestro análisis se sustenta en la teoría de los campos de Pierre Bourdieu, la que opera como corpus articulador de los aspectos asociativos directos encontrados, incorporando de igual forma aspectos de la teoría del capital social, y el enfoque de redes sociales, aplicado al contexto de esta organización social.

Her research focuses on integrating intercultural learning into both regular curriculum and study abroad programs, with an emphasis on fostering global competence among students and educators. She leads a Mentored Research Program that supports undergraduate and graduate students in conducting studies on intercultural learning and STEM education, guiding them through research design, data analysis, and dissemination. Aparajita also provides expertise in designing research studies, curriculum development, and assessment methods to evaluate the integration of intercultural competence. Additionally, she facilitates workshops and training sessions for faculty, staff, and students, promoting best practices in intercultural learning and education.

Dovetailing with other research in this FACE publication, this chapter explores a hitherto overlooked perspective; how first-generation scholars (first-gens) themselves think about and engage with the first-gen. category. Using insights from semi-structured interviews with twenty-one first-gens studying at an elite British university, this chapter considers the need for a category to describe educational disadvantage, how and when first-gens first encounter the category itself and problems arising; how they relate first-gen. status to social class and finally what works about the first-gen. category. It finds that there is considerable complexity and diversity of individuals in the first-gen. category and how they engage with it. It concludes that a modified 'first-gen. plus' label can offer a suitable, broad and effective means through which targeted interventions around academic and social support can help engender belonging and nurture academic success in what many first-gens experience as an essentially hostile 'elite' Higher Education (HE) environment.

Penyakit menular adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme
patogen seperti virus, bakteri, parasit, atau jamur, yang dapat berpindah dari satu individu ke individu lain atau dari hewan ke manusia. Penyakit ini dapat
menyebar melalui berbagai cara, termasuk kontak langsung, udara, air, atau
makanan yang terkontaminasi. Menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO),
penyakit menular mencakup berbagai kondisi, mulai dari infeksi saluran
pernapasan akut hingga penyakit yang lebih serius seperti HIV/AIDS dan
tuberkulosis (WHO, 2020). Penting untuk memahami definisi ini agar kita dapat merumuskan strategi yang tepat dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit menular.
Strategi pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit menular sangat penting
untuk mengurangi angka kejadian dan kematian akibat penyakit ini. Pencegahan
tidak hanya mengurangi beban penyakit pada individu, tetapi juga mengurangi
dampak ekonomi dan sosial yang ditimbulkan. Misalnya, program vaksinasi
yang efektif dapat mencegah penyebaran penyakit seperti campak dan polio,
yang telah terbukti mengurangi angka kejadian secara signifikan di banyak
negara. Selain itu, pengendalian penyakit menular juga melibatkan deteksi dini
dan penanganan yang tepat, yang dapat mencegah wabah yang lebih besar.
Sebuah studi oleh Kementerian Kesehatan menunjukkan bahwa intervensi dini dalam penanganan kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia berhasil mengurangi laju penyebaran virus (Kemenkes RI, 2022). Oleh karena itu, mengembangkan dan menerapkan strategi pencegahan dan pengendalian yang efektif adalah langkah krusial dalam menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

This paper reports on the quantitative part of my doctoral study carried out in three state-funded secondary schools in England. Using Bourdieu’s trilogy of habitus, embodied cultural capital and field, I have explored the interaction of social class, gender, ethnicity and attitudes towards mathematics, and their impact on mathematical achievement. The findings suggest that although cultural capital correlates positively with mathematical achievement, social class and habitus, which has been operationalised as mathematics-related career aspirations, have a more significant impact on mathematical achievement.

We examine exclusion and the persistence of STEM disparities for underrepresented minority (URM) students at one diverse college campus, a prestigious Minority Serving Institution (MSI). We draw on in-depth interviews with 28 class-and ethnoracially diverse children of immigrants to examine how they navigated their first year in biology. Our analysis reveals three types of students who differ in STEM capital: (1) STEM-thrivers, who inhabit a ''bio-bubble''; (2) STEM-adapters, who straddle STEM-dominant and non-STEM-dominant peers; and (3) STEM-disconnected, who struggle in silence. We explain how this STEM capital typology is racially inflected, informed by both immigrant class origin and high school segregation. We call attention to social dynamics associated with STEM capital, the forms of exclusion encountered by URM students, and how universities, including MSIs, can reinforce STEM disparities that result in social reproduction.

¿Cómo se distribuían en la ciudad durante los 90`s los cines XXX y los telos? ¿Por qué su lenguaje exterior era sombrío, hermético, sórdido? ¿Los cines siempre fueron espacios de los varones gays? ¿A dónde acudíamos sino podíamos ir a los telos?

Dos hitos normativos nos convocan. Son modificaciones parciales del Código de Habilitaciones y Verificaciones, la Ordenanza N° 42.627 (1988) que regulaba las Salas de Exhibición Condicionada y la Ordenanza N° 51.674 (1997) sobre el acceso a los Albergues Transitorios.

El suplemento Agenda de la revista “NX Periodismo gay para todos” nos brinda índices de localización de una selección de lugares de encuentro homoerótico masculinos. Estos datos procesados a través de un Sistema de Información Geográfica serán contrastados con las normas (y su discusión) sancionadas por el Concejo Municipal a los fines de elaborar un mapa que nos permita elaborar hipótesis sobre la lógica de localización de estos emprendimientos.
Este trabajo se encuentra enmarcado en un proyecto de investigación mayor, que estudia las relaciones entre el Espacio y el Homoerotismo en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires durante la década de 1990. El mismo es financiado por una Beca de Maestría UBACYT con sede en el Instituto de Arte Americano e Investigaciones Estéticas (IAA) de la FADU UBA.

Education has become an even more important nuance, especially in the modern world. Unlike in previous periods, the expansion of education to all social strata in the modern world has increased its significance among social theorists. In the modern era, the compulsory and accessible nature of education was evaluated as everyone having the same opportunities in society in this regard. Thus, the accessibility of education was expected to contribute to both societal well-being and personal development. In the modern era, such goals were at the forefront of education. The establishment of their own educational systems and the export of educational services by various countries have caused states to attach special importance to educational policies. In addition, some countries (e.g. England and France) are distinguished by having special educational systems and educational policies. In this article, the concept of education of these two countries will be discussed based on the research of sociologists from them. These sociologists are Paul Willis from England and Pierre Bourdieu from France. This article will provide an overview of the education systems of England and France based on the research of these sociologists on education. The views and criticisms of the education systems in the rules here identify all students. Respective countries of Willis, who explains how the working class learns to be workers through the education system, and Bourdieu, who examines how education reinforces class barriers, will be analyzed from a sociological perspective.

Despite the relevance of the poultry sub-sector to the economy of Nigeria and the capitalintensive nature of poultry production, many poultry farmers are unable to access adequate credit which affects their productivity. This study was therefore conducted to understand the effect access to credit has on farmers' productivity, with emphasis on layer producers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 114 layer producers. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Total Factor Productivity, and Tobit regression model. The result of this study showed that though most of the layer producers had access to credit (87.6%), not all of them obtained credit (67.0%) from the sources where credit can be accessed. It also revealed that layer farmers with access to credit (4.88 1.99) were marginally more productive than layer producers without access to credit (4.22 2.22). The study finally revealed that while socio-economic variables such as sex of layer farmers, marital status of layer farmers, household size of layer farmers, and membership of cooperative association significantly influenced productivity of layer farmers, access to credit also significantly influenced the productivity of layer farmers. The study recommended that the government should enforce policies relating to ease of accessing credit from financial institutions.

The Indian film industry is witnessing a surge in the rerelease of classic and cult films, a trend that has sparked both economic interest and cultural discourse. This rerelease trend has emerged as a lifeline for India’s struggling theatre industry, particularly single-screen venues that have been grappling with declining footfall. The advent of over-the-top (OTT) platforms and prolonged closures during the COVID-19 pandemic had pushed many theatres to the brink of closure. Rereleases offer a low-risk option for exhibitors to attract audiences back to the big screen. The economics of rereleases is particularly appealing to theatre owners. With minimal marketing costs and pre-existing audience awareness, these films can generate substantial revenue even with modest turnouts. Theatres often ticket these rereleases at discounted prices, making them attractive to price-sensitive consumers while still profiting from concession sales. This strategy has proven especially effective in tier-2 and tier-3 cities, where the appetite for nostalgic content remains strong.

Boris Johnson, the former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, distinguished himself by his extraordinary political career and the hugely consequential actions taken during it. However, even before he was connected to Brexit and populism, he was known in the UK for his appearance and his distinct use of language. One of his idiolectic particularities was to insert snippets of Latin and Ancient Greek into his political discourse. This paper examines the link between this discursive choice, cultural capital and social stratification in the British context. 1 Table of contents Introduction. Class stratification in the UK Culture and Capital. Latin and Ancient Greek as cultural capital. Boris Johnson's discourse. Conclusion.

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic has plagued the Indonesian nation since March 20, 2020. Some scientists, through their studies, tend to say that governments fail and society goes by its own behavior. Is that right? On that reality, researchers are interested in conducting studies with the aim of answering the problem of how pandemic government is formed? and critiquing it from the perspective of Government Ethics. The research method used is the criticalethical method, which falls within the scope of the critical-transcendental method of Neo-Scholasticism. Data collection techniques using observation literature plot, in-depth interaction with selected literature and documentation. Data Analysist used hermeneutic-etis methods. The results of this study indicate that in the face of the threat of Covid-19 and an abnormal situation, it turns out that the pandemic government is able to form itself and the government continues to exist with teleological and contextual methods. This means that the pandemic government is formed through the art of governing: governing, managing, serving. On the one hand, the government remains attentive to the existing laws, communications, administration, management, as far as it can help in achieving the goal and on the other hand does not want to be entangled by all the rules, using the political power it has.

The purposes of this research were to 1) examine past and current circumstances of the Faculty of Education, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University; 2 ) investigate and analyze its contextual factors in order to draft its future scenario; 3) study its likely future scenario, and 4) reaffirm the more likely future scenario of the faculty available in the next decade (B.E. 2569) via public discussion forum.  Modified  Delphi  Technique  was  employed  to  conduct  the  research.  The  focused  groups  consisted of groups of interpreters, university administrators, academic and supportive staff involved in the graduate production, external university experts and public representatives.              The            research            findings revealed as follows: 1.      In  terms  of  instructional  management,  blended  learning  should  be  appropriately            implemented and combined with new digital media consisting of both the developed media from Information Technology and the newly invented media. Online-learning system, newly developed syllabus  applications,  books,  textbooks,  and  supplementary  teaching  materials  should  be                provided  to  responding  a  massive  amount  of  learners.  New  curriculum  should  be  additionally      produced for responding the local, national, and international needs. 2.  In terms of research studies, researches should be carried out to develop curriculum; moreover, both academic and national researches should be conducted to manage instructions effectively.  Research  findings  should  be  not  only  applied  to  producing  supplementary  teaching  materials,  textbooks,  books,  or  other  work  productivities,  but  also  integrated  into  instructional                  approaches in order to solve problems and develop sustainable communities. All researches should aim to create a new body of knowledge and seek for establishing research networks in all the local, national, and international levels; as well as, the researches should be conducted in accordance with government policies, economic and social development plan, national education plan, education policies, research conceptual frameworks of National Research Council, and university strategies.  3.  In terms of academic services, the potentials of Information Technology, communication, and innovation should be developed into a New Development Model of Thailand (4.0) by driving Thailand to become a leader of Value-Based Economy and a center of excellence in development and production of teachers and educational personnel, training and human resource development of organizational leaders, Asian development for community economy and technology,  education and development of ageing people, and integrated learning of sufficiency economic philosophy.  4.  In terms of arts and cultural preservation, the faculty should work in collaboration with local government organizations and government and private organizations in all the local, national, and international levels to support and promote Thai arts and cultures with greater recognition on the international and global stages.      5.  In terms of modern education management, systems and mechanisms that people can participate  in  every  partnership  should  be  established  for  determining  the  management  of  the  principles of good governance, empowerment, transparency, and decentralization.

Resumo: A crise climática configura-se como um complexo jogo estratégico, no qual Portugal procura realizar movimentos acertados para salvaguardar o seu futuro. Este artigo analisa de que forma o país está a implementar políticas climáticas consideradas fundamentais para enfrentar os desafios emergentes. Questionase, no entanto, a suficiência e a eficácia destas medidas no contexto das exigências globais, particularmente no quadro regulatório da União Europeia. Trata-se de uma dinâmica intricada, em que cada decisão tem um impacto significativo na mitigação do risco climático. Destacam-se, ainda, dois agentes ecológicos de grande relevância-as florestas e as algas marinhas-, identificados como importantes sumidouros de carbono e, por conseguinte, peças-chave na manutenção do equilíbrio ambiental. Longe de constituir um manual técnico, o artigo apresentase como um contributo para a compreensão dos esforços portugueses na luta contra as alterações climáticas, abordando uma narrativa que conjuga esperança, desafios e a construção de um futuro sustentável.

Resumo: A crise climática configura-se como um complexo jogo estratégico, no qual Portugal procura realizar movimentos acertados para salvaguardar o seu futuro. Este artigo analisa de que forma o país está a implementar políticas climáticas consideradas fundamentais para enfrentar os desafios emergentes. Questionase, no entanto, a suficiência e a eficácia destas medidas no contexto das exigências globais, particularmente no quadro regulatório da União Europeia. Trata-se de uma dinâmica intricada, em que cada decisão tem um impacto significativo na mitigação do risco climático. Destacam-se, ainda, dois agentes ecológicos de grande relevância-as florestas e as algas marinhas-, identificados como importantes sumidouros de carbono e, por conseguinte, peças-chave na manutenção do equilíbrio ambiental. Longe de constituir um manual técnico, o artigo apresentase como um contributo para a compreensão dos esforços portugueses na luta contra as alterações climáticas, abordando uma narrativa que conjuga esperança, desafios e a construção de um futuro sustentável.

Which is the right to education for mother-students nowadays, occupied in full-time care work of their children? This paper aims to analyze the conditions of migrant women attending CPIA(2)'s training courses, or wishing to apply for them: who are those women and which discriminations are they subjected to, from an intersectional perspective? What do those discriminations reveal about current migratory policies on one side, and gender relations in the society on the other?
We will see furthermore how a gender perspective in Adult Education helps to deconstruct stereotypes and gives rise to fair training courses for people attending CPIA, but it also calls into question the very notion of “integration”.

This paper reports on the quantitative part of my doctoral study carried out in three state-funded secondary schools in England. Using Bourdieu's trilogy of habitus, embodied cultural capital and field, I have explored the interaction of social class, gender, ethnicity and attitudes towards mathematics, and their impact on mathematical achievement. The findings suggest that although cultural capital correlates positively with mathematical achievement, social class and habitus, which has been operationalised as mathematics-related career aspirations, have a more significant impact on mathematical achievement.

El presente ensayo pretende ser un aporte a las discusiones teórico-prácticas en torno a la sociología de los públicos y la problemática del acceso y la participación cultural en organizaciones culturales. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar distintos perfiles de públicos de GAM, mediante variables sociodemográficas y de sus prácticas culturales. Estos perfiles fueron complejizados y robustecidos con información cualitativa, al describir en cada uno las significaciones atribuidas al concepto de participación cultural, y sobre sus motivaciones y significaciones en torno a la asistencia de una función de teatro.

El ensayo fue ganador en el Concurso Haz Tu Tesis en Cultura 2024, del Ministerio de las Culturas las Artes y el Patrimonio.

The relationship between Roma and non-Roma in Central and Eastern European countries is determined by growing socioeconomic inequalities, racism based on structural inequalities, and far-right policies of scapegoating. This trend is reinforced by the generally low level of social mobility. However, parallel to the main trend, a less visible process enables the social mobility of people of Roma origin born into marginalised, socioeconomically low-status families. In this article, we aim to link issues of solidarity and diversity by exploring the support networks of educational and social mobility trajectories of Roma in Hungary. Based on 102 narrative life-story interviews with first-generation Roma graduates, we explore the helping and hindering relations, as well as the solidarity dynamics, that enabled their social mobility through education. The article answers the following questions: What types of supportive relations facilitate upward social mobility? What kind of mobility trajectories do these supportive (and hindering) relations engender? What happens to those who experience dislocation of social class and change of status? How do they navigate attachment to the community of origin and the attained middle class? By analysing narratives, we aim to highlight personal experiences of (educational) mobility and belonging by identifying different mobility trajectory ideal types and their accompanying supportive relations. Scholars of solidarity usually research the helpers. Here, we shift the perspective and research those lived experiences of solidarity that come from a racialised minority and receive help through their social mobility paths. Our research findings demonstrate that initial solidarity towards the vulnerable can have a spill-over effect: The helped can become helpers. In our case, first-generation Roma professionals who have first-hand experience with social and economic inequalities become drivers of social change, partly by building bridges across communities, partly by fulfilling jobs in the mainstream economy, and also by creating new narratives and advocating for social justice.

First-generation students (FGS) are a population that has received increasing attention, but the term "first-generation student" has been inconsistently defined. Such inconsistency creates challenges not only for research, but for students themselves, many of whom may find they meet the FGS definition in one institutional context, but not another. In this study, we analyze how the term "first-generation student" is defined on the public websites of colleges and universities in the United States and Canada and discuss implications for students and academic libraries.

www.clubdelecturaods.onu.org.mx Este catálogo tiene fines meramente informativos. No pretende vender ni promocionar la venta de los libros que aparecen en él. La lista de lectura está destinada a niñas y niños de 3 a 12 años. Animamos a que familias, escuelas, docentes y la sociedad lean los libros seleccionados, reflexionen y actúen a favor de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.

The Mass media are one of the fourth pillars of democracy guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution. In it, a journalist plays an important role in digging up information to be conveyed to the public. But unfortunately, the rights and obligations for journalists are not given properly, and the termination of employment as experienced by CNN Indonesia journalists. This study aims to analyze the news of the dismissal of CNN Indonesia employees in the Tempo.co media using Robert N. Entman's framing analysis as an analytical tool, with four stages, namely: define problem, diagnose causes, make moral judgment, and treatment recommendation. The results of the study show that Tempo.co framed the news of the issue of the dismissal of CNN Indonesia employees as a result of the termination of employment by CNN Indonesia management due to the formation of a labor union, namely the CNN Indonesia Workers Union or SPCI. Tempo journalists saw that the actions taken by CNN Indonesia management were not by the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 21 of 2000 concerning Labor Unions. Many parties regretted the termination of the employment of CNN Indonesia employees because it was not by the freedom of expression guaranteed by law.

A partire dalla riflessione su come si manifestano la radicalizzazione e l’estremismo nello scenario migratorio, nonché dall’analisi del ruolo delle donne nella prevenzione di tali fenomeni, l’articolo propone uno studio sul percorso di socializzazione delle cd “seconde generazioni”. In particolar modo, vengono approfondite la crisi di identità, le relazioni familiari conflittuali e le caratteristiche tipiche degli adolescenti2 che possono creare un terreno fertile per la radicalizzazione e spingere i giovani ad aderire a ideali estremisti. Viene, inoltre, approfondito il ruolo delle donne migranti, in qualità di agenti del cambiamento e dell’integrazione nella prevenzione della radicalizzazione. Infine, è sottolineata la necessità che gli studi futuri indaghino le soggettività di queste donne e le loro esperienze pre-migratorie, individuandone le idiosincrasie.

El capital social es inobservable, pero se infiere por sus efectos en la sociedad. En un contexto de manejo forestal comunitario, evaluamos la influencia del capital social cognitivo y estructural sobre la deforestación en México empleando estudios en terreno y modelación estadística. Examinamos predicciones acerca del efecto de la demografía, educación, etnicidad, género, y geografía sobre el desempeño de la gobernanza comunitaria. Los resultados revelaron que la deforestación disminuyó en bosques aislados, manejados por comunidades mayoritariamente indígenas, con escolaridad superior al promedio, y mayor proporción de hogares con jefatura femenina. Nuestros hallazgos sustentan la hipótesis principal, la cual sostiene que la cohesión y el capital social son determinantes para la gobernanza forestal sustentable. Nuestra metodología aporta un marco analítico transferible, y los resultados fundamentos para diseñar políticas agrarias, de conservación, y desarrollo rural. Recomendamos estudios adicionales para aumentar la certidumbre muestral y el poder explicativo de los modelos.

Wybór tekstów z lat 2002-2024, "który jest swego rodzaju kontynuacją publikacji z 2002 roku „Trzeci sektor w III Rzeczypospolitej”. Znajdą tu Państwo najważniejsze wątki debat, jakie toczyły się nad ideą społeczeństwa obywatelskiego, ewolucją dialogu obywatelskiego, rozwojem ekonomii społecznej czy rolą organizacji w monitorowaniu funduszy europejskich". (ze wstępu Karoliny Dreszer-Smalec)

Mengkritisi pernyataan kontroversial Menteri Kesehatan menyederhanakan antara kecerdasan Indonesia hubungan kompleks pendapatan, dan kesehatan, dinilai mengandung kekeliruan logika (logical fallacy), khususnya false cause. Esai ini mengulas bagaimana faktor-faktor seperti pendidikan, yang dan gizi, lingkungan, dan dukungan psikososial juga berperan penting dalam membentuk kualitas hidup seseorang, bukan hanya besaran gaji. Disertai temuan penelitian, esai ini menekankan pentingnya kehati-hatian dalam komunikasi publik, terutama oleh pejabat negara agar tidak memperkuat stigma negatif terhadap kelompok berpenghasilan rendah. Pada akhirnya, diperlukan empati, sensitivitas sosial, dan kompetensi komunikasi agar pernyataan publik mencerminkan keadilan sosial.

Pernyataan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia yang mengaitkan pendapatan dengan tingkat kecerdasan dan kesehatan menuai polemik di masyarakat. Esai ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pernyataan tersebut dari sudut pandang logika dan filsafat, dengan menyoroti kekeliruan berpikir (logical fallacy) berupa false cause. Melalui tinjauan literatur dan pendekatan kritis, esai ini menunjukkan bahwa kesehatan dan kecerdasan tidak semata ditentukan oleh tingkat pendapatan, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain seperti pendidikan, lingkungan, gizi, dan dukungan psikososial. Penyederhanaan hubungan kausal antara gaji dan kualitas hidup dapat menimbulkan stigma negatif serta memperlemah kepercayaan publik terhadap pemerintah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kehati-hatian dalam komunikasi publik, terutama oleh pejabat negara yang memiliki pengaruh besar dalam membentuk opini masyarakat.

Kata kunci: logical fallacy, false cause, komunikasi publik, kebijakan kesehatan, kepercayaan masyarakat

Beberapa tahun terakhir, dunia diguncang oleh pandemi COVID-19 yang disebabkan oleh Virus Corona. Virus ini menyebar dengan sangat cepat sejak pertama kali ditemukan di Wuhan, China, pada akhir tahun 2019. Dampaknya tidak hanya menghantam sektor kesehatan, tetapi juga menyebabkan krisis ekonomi, sosial, dan politik di hampir seluruh negara. Dalam situasi darurat ini, harapan terbesar dunia bertumpu pada penemuan vaksin sebagai jalan keluar dari pandemi.

Pada akhir 2019, muncul virus baru bernama SARS-CoV-2 yang menyebabkan COVID-19 (Bettini & Locci, 2021). Di Indonesia, kasus terus meningkat sejak pertama kali terdeteksi, mendorong pemerintah menerapkan protokol kesehatan dan kebijakan vaksinasi melalui Permenkes No. 18 Tahun 2021. Vaksinasi dianggap penting untuk mencapai herd immunity, yaitu ketika mayoritas populasi kebal dan melindungi kelompok rentan (Orenstein & Ahmed, 2017; Smith, 2019). Dampak sesat pikir (logical fallacy) dalam penolakan vaksinasi COVID-19. Karena vaksin ini masih tergolong vaksin yang sangat baru dan terdapat risiko pengaruh politik dalam pendistribusiannya, vaksin ini juga menimbulkan ancaman bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Kurangnya informasi dan maraknya hoax memicu kesesatan berpikir. Dibahas empat bentuk kekeliruan berpikir-Appeal to Authority, False Cause, Confirmation Bias, dan Straw Man Fallacy-yang membuat keputusan medis mereka keliru. Esai menyoroti bagaimana informasi hoax di media sosial memengaruhi keputusan kesehatan dan pentingnya berpikir kritis agar masyarakat dapat membuat keputusan medis yang rasional dan aman

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar
vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok,
yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir
atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan
logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to
fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk
mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan
kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi
vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi
kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian
pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan
pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta
penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat
dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam
melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan
masyarakat.

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok, yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok, yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok, yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

This research examines students' interests in studying science in the UK, focusing on the context of declining interest in science subjects. A total of 1618 students aged 10 to 14 participated, responding to a questionnaire covering various constructs, such as subject preferences, stereotypes of science people, science extracurricular activities, career pathways, and views of science. Descriptive and inferential analyses, including three models of multiple regression, revealed several key findings. Students from non-Western backgrounds showed lower engagement in science extracurricular activities compared to their Western counterparts. Engagement in science-related activities positively influenced students' views of science. Interestingly, students' educational background (primary or secondary education) had a negative impact on their views of science. The study also highlighted a preference for non-STEM subjects over specific STEM fields, with curiosity and hands-on learning influencing favourite subjects. Addressing stereotypes and promoting gender equity in science education are essential. Early educational experiences and science extracurricular activities positively impacted students' liking for science. Students' views of science were influenced by hands-on experiences, gender, and educational background, indicating the need to challenge stereotypes. These insights inform science education policy and practice to promote interest and engagement among young learners in the UK. Résumé Cette étude examine l'affection qu'ont les élèves pour les études scientifiques au Royaume-Uni, en se concentrant sur le contexte qui favorise le déclin de l'intérêt pour les différents domaines des sciences. Au total, 1 618 apprenants âgés de 10 à 14 ans ont participé à l'étude, en répondant à un questionnaire qui portait sur divers aspects, tels que les préférences en matière de disciplines, les stéréotypes sur les scientifiques, les activités extrascolaires scientifiques, les parcours professionnels et les points de vue sur les sciences. Les analyses descriptives et inférentielles, y compris trois modèles de régression multiple, ont donné lieu à plusieurs résultats clés. Les apprenants issus de milieux non occidentaux se sont moins engagés dans des activités extrascolaires scientifiques que leurs camarades occidentaux. L'engagement dans des activités liées aux sciences a favorablement influencé l'opinion des élèves sur le * Nasser Mansour

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar
vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok,
yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir
atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan
logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to
fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk
mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan
kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi
vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi
kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian
pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan
pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta
penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat
dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam
melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan
masyarakat.

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok, yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

Maraknya ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok,
yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian
pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok, yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian pandemi menjadi terhambat. Esai ini menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.

Esai ini menyoroti ancaman misinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19 di platform digital seperti TikTok, yang dipenuhi dengan berbagai bentuk sesat pikir atau logical fallacy. Berbagai bentuk kekeliruan logika seperti ad hominem, false cause, appeal to fear, dan lainnya kerap digunakan untuk mempengaruhi opini publik dan menurunkan kepercayaan terhadap vaksin. Akibatnya, partisipasi vaksinasi menurun, kepercayaan pada institusi kesehatan terganggu, dan upaya pengendalian pandemi menjadi terhambat. Selain itu, esai ini juga menekankan pentingnya berpikir kritis, literasi digital, serta penyediaan informasi yang ilmiah dan dapat dipercaya sebagai solusi jangka panjang dalam melawan misinformasi dan menjaga kesehatan masyarakat.