Marcus Agrippa

Recibido: 27 de agosto de 2022 / Aceptado: 07 de mayo de 2023 Resumen. La prevalencia del espejo griego en las construcciones identitarias generadas en Iberia ha hecho que el prisma romano o, mejor dicho, los estudios centrados en las fuentes literarias latinas no se hayan prodigado. Por esta razón, nuestra intención en este trabajo es valorar el peso de ciertos autores latinos en la progresiva construcción etno-geográfica de la península ibérica durante el periodo de conquista. Así, nos acercaremos a obras de naturaleza muy dispar -el AUC de Tito Livio, la producción cesariana, las RG augusteas o la NH pliniana-que, para estos contextos, han quedado eclipsadas por el relato de Estrabón y de sus ilustres predecesores.

RESUMEN Este texto pretende ser una contribucion complementaria a los numerosos estudios y ana lisis que se han hecho sobre el texto de Plinio el Viejo sobre las Fortunatae Insulae . Nos refe riremos a un conjunto de aspectos que, en nuestra opinion, son los mejores para definir y caracterizar estas islas y nos permitiran confirmar la realidad de lo descrito en el texto de Plinio. Por otra parte, buscamos poner de relieve que la informacion contenida en el texto tiene una estructura coherente, como se deduce de la forma en que se describen los aspec tos geograficos mas notables de las Islas Canarias en la antiguedad.

Este texto pretende ser una contribución complementaria a los numerosos estudios y análisis que se han hecho sobre el texto de Plinio el Viejo sobre las Fortunatae Insulae. Nos referiremos a un conjunto de aspectos que, en nuestra opinión, son los mejores para definir y caracterizar estas islas y nos permitirán confirmar la realidad de lo descrito en el texto de Plinio. Por otra parte, buscamos poner de relieve que la información contenida en el texto tiene una estructura coherente, como se deduce de la forma en que se describen los aspectos geográficos más notables de las Islas Canarias en la antigüedad.

El este artículo pretende analizar el informe realizado por el monarca mauritano Juba II, quien en los albores de la Era envió una expedición de índole político-científica a las Islas Canarias, o Islas Afortunadas, como él las denominó, y cuyos resultados consignó en el tratado Sobre Libia (c. 6 d.C.). Esta información fue recogida décadas más tarde por el naturalista romano Plinio el Viejo, única fuente de transmisión de este texto fundamental para la primera historia de Canarias.

Este texto pretende ser una contribución complementaria a los numerosos estudios y análisis que se han hecho sobre el texto de Plinio el Viejo sobre las Fortunatae Insulae. Nos referiremos a un conjunto de aspectos que, en nuestra opinión, son los mejores para definir y caracterizar estas islas y nos permitirán confirmar la realidad de lo descrito en el texto de Plinio. Por otra parte, buscamos poner de relieve que la información contenida en el texto tiene una estructura coherente, como se deduce de la forma en que se describen los aspectos geográficos más notables de las Islas Canarias en la antigüedad.

Researchers estimated that the complex built above the Cave of the Patriarchs was built by Herod. A new carbon-14 date reinforces this opinion. The complex was built over a cave, seemingly a natural karst void, possibly modified by humans, traditionally associated with the burial Cave, where Judaism's Patriarchs and Matriarchs are interred - defining the compound as a Heroon, enclosed by a "temenos". A concealed burial loculus meant for a single ossuary was discovered in the system below the floor of the temenos. Considering all the data, we would like to suggest that the Heroon-temenos was built at the beginning of Herod's reign and the individual burial loculus was set apart for Herod himself before he opted for burial in Herodium.

The current appearance of the imperial architecture of the Palatine Hill in Rome is mostly limited to the remaining masonry structures of the buildings. Kristine Iara's work seeks to reconstruct a part of this huge building complex beyond its masonry core and display it in its original splendour. She focuses on the Hippodrome garden which consists of an open space resembling the form of a hippodrome with porticoes surrounding the open space. This garden with the colonnades occupied a large part of the southeast corner of the hill. Iara's reconstruction mainly depicts the Severan period of the building. She attempts to analyse the Flavian phase of the Hippodrome, but the limited evidence allows only the reconstruction of the lowest level of the porticoes, leaving the picture of this early phase partial. Some later periods are occasionally mentioned, such as the Maxentian phase and the era in Late Antiquity when the so-called amphitheatre was built at the southern end of the Hippodrome. Besides the introduction, the study can be divided into two parts. The first part is the description of the architectural elements (pp. 21-126) and the second part is the analysis of these elements (pp. 127-205). The description includes Chapters II (Die Portikus des unteren Geschosses des Hippodroms), III (Die Basen), IV (Die Stützen), V (Die Kapitelle), VI (Die Gebälke) and VII (Lisenen, Profile und profilierte Platten). Also, the tables of the appendices (pp. 211-234), listing the architectural elements and their features, are an integral part of the description. The work is enormous, as it is based on 988 architectural components. The tables in the book do not include all the components and the entire database is intended to be published online (www.arachne.uni-koeln.de). I was not able to find the database in spite of several attempts -probably it is not yet available online. Chapters II-VII are very useful for other researchers working with similar architectural elements as Iara. For those, however, who are trying to form a comprehensive picture of the space or seeking general knowledge, these chapters might not be as interesting as the last part of the book. However, the description chapters form the basis of the dating of the architecture, which is indispensable for understanding the later reconstruction and the analysis. Usually, the dating is based on the style and materials, but in a few cases there are inscriptions on the architectural elements to help the dating. Describing the architecture is not an easy task and in this book the descriptions are mainly in a free-text format, accompanied by the tables of the appendix. The free-text format has its advantages: not all information can be forced into tables and figures. The descriptive chapters are well organized and each of them follows a logical pattern, but occasionally they could be even more schematic to help their readers. For example: the columns of the porticoes are classified into groups on pages 45-49. This text contains several measurements. It might be possible to replace the text with a simple table, or even possibly just briefly list the column groups and refer to table II on pages 220-221, where almost all the same information can be found. Chapter VIII (Rekonstruktion) is the core of the book. It briefly describes the earlier reconstructions of the Hippodrome garden and then moves on to Iara's reconstructions of the Flavian and Severan eras -yet again, the surviving material dictates that the emphasis is on the later. Chapters IX (Material und Bearbeitung) and X (Der Bautypus: Der Bau und seine Ausstattung) continue the analysis of the decorative elements of the space.

Published in English. Samuel Rocca presents an in-depth analysis of Herodian society. The most important facet of this analysis was the relationship between Herod as ruler and the Jewish subjects over whom he ruled. Yet to understand the relationship between Herod and his subjects, between ruler and ruled, it is necessary, as part of the general background, to undertake a general analysis of Herodian Judaea and its relationship with the classical world, beginning with Augustan Rome, which was then the center of power, and followed by the main centers within the Mediterranean basin and the Hellenistic East. The author contends that Herod, though a Jewish ruler, regarded both Alexander the Great-the embodiment of the Hellenistic ruler-and Augustus as ideal models who were worthy of imitation. These models of inspiration influenced the shape of society in Herodian Judaea as a whole. In fact, Herod pushed Judaea towards major Hellenization, albeit with many elements more akin to Rome. This trend of Hellenization was present well before the Herodian period but intensified under Herod's rule. It seems that one of the reasons for the intensification of this trend was King Herod's domination of Judaean society, which allowed him to dictate socio-cultural trends to a greater extent than Augustus was able to do in Rome. Samuel Rocca deals with Herod as the head of Jewish society in Judaea, and hence this study is first and foremost a study of Herodian society. Thus he analyzes the Herodian ideology of rule, the court, the army, the administration, the economy, the ruling political bodies, the city as a microcosm, the religion, and the burial customs. This book anchors Herodian Judaea as firmly as possible within the surrounding Mediterranean world and therefore within the realities of Hellenistic Roman civilization in order to better understand its multi-faceted dimensions as part of the surrounding contemporary world, and not simply as an entity belonging to a biblical-New Testament reality.

A key point in this whole new reconstruction is my view that the census at the time of the Nativity of Jesus Christ the Messiah, the one issued by Caesar Augustus as considered above, needs to be recognised as being the very same census as the one referred to by rabbi Gamaliel, at the time of Judas the Galilean - the latter, in turn, being the same as Judas Maccabeus, hence a necessary crunching of some 170 years of conventional history.

In Rome nicknames (cognomina) began to be included in the official
name of a citizen at least in the second half of the fourth century B.C., in some cases perhaps even earlier. Having been officially recognized, cognomen, as a rule, became hereditary and passed on to all male descendants, but in the Republican period this practice is only attested for the upper classes. At the same time the custom to give individuals their own personal nicknames (agnomina) continued to exist. Cicero uses such nicknames when speaking about their bearers, though quite rarely: for example, in his speeches he sometimes addresses to Cn.Pompey as Magnus, but he eschews applying the nickname Felix to Sulla. In Cicero’s letters the name Magnus is always used in a sarcastic manner and is accompanied with adjectives such as hic and noster.  Most of the nicknames occurring in the works of Cicero can be defined as situational. These nicknames are almost exclusively mocking or derogatory. They can be classified into the following categories: 1) nicknames hinting at an episode, or some episodes, from referent’s past,  2) nicknames hinting at physical features of a referent, 3) nicknames punning on the given name of a referent, 4) nicknames derived from the names of mythological heroes, 5) nicknames derived from the names of historical figures and 6) others. These situational nicknames occurred mostly in correspondence with Atticus. Sometimes Cicero probably used them for secrecy because he was not able to find a reliable messenger and suspected the letter could be opened and read by strangers. But the main reason for using such a number of situational nicknames was obviously Cicero’s cheerful and prankish nature.

Статья посвящена анализу термина “manubiae” в контексте строительной деятельности магистратов в древнем Риме. Рассуждения автора показывают, что ни античные источники, ни историография не могут разрешить спор о военной добыче и манубиальном строительстве. Потому предлагается иное решение проблемы – чтобы определить, что такое manubiae, чем она отличается от praeda, как и кто мог ее использовать, следует рассмотреть некоторые иски о растрате имущества римскими полководцами (т.е. как и кто не мог использовать manubiae и на каких основаниях римский сенат в период республики мог обвинить duces в peculatus). В заключении дается определение manubiae как части военной добычи, которая находилась в распоряжении полководцев.

Resumen: El "Matrimonio de Orippo", un grupo de estatuas expuesto desde hace tiempo en el Museo Arqueológico de Sevilla, muestra a una pareja casada; su unión se ve acentuada por el agarre del varón a la muñeca de la mujer. Un examen de la iconografía revela que el varón está retratado como un veterano romano nacido libre, vestido con sagum, mientras que la mujer lleva un atuendo indígena. Esta situación, en la que el hombre viste a la usanza romana y la mujer le acompaña ataviada de un modo que no corresponde con el modo de vestir romano, es bastante común en otras provincias del Imperio Romano, pero no se ha documentado en la escultura

SUMMARY: This documentary response question form has 102 sequential questions following the video, with time markers for each one, plus a critical reflection question at the end. There are 26 suggested books on diverse aspects of Octavian/Augustus and particularly his involvement with Roman period Egypt. The documentary itself contains interviews with several specialists, including Professors Averil Cameron (Oxford University), Keith Hopkins (Cambridge University), David Shotter (University of Lancaster), and Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (British School at Rome).

Si è più che consapevoli di quanto Ottaviano Augusto sia figura chiave della storia di Roma antica: la sua intelligenza, strategia comunicativa, abilità e lungimiranza politica, lo resero vincente sui diretti competitori e universalmente, aprendo il nuovo corso politico della Roma imperiale che divenne nei secoli modello e aspirazione di nuovi talvolta effimeri imperi dell'età moderna e del XX secolo. Per celebrare il bimillenario della sua morte (muore a Nola il 19 agosto del 14 d.C. all'età di quasi settantasei anni), a lui è dedicata una importante mostra archeologica a Roma nell'elegante spazio espositivo delle Scuderie del Quirinale dal titolo essenziale di Augusto. La mostra nata da un progetto di Eugenio La Rocca, è da lui curata insieme a Claudio Parise Presicce, Annalisa Lo Monaco, Cécile Giroire e Daniel Roger; avrà una seconda tappa espositiva a Parigi nel Musée du Grand Palais. È accompagnata da un raffinato catalogo edito da Electa nel quale all'accuratezza e all'originalità della

«An approach to Pliny the Elder's text (book VI, 202-205) about Fortunatae Insulae». This article provides an analysis of Pliny the Elder's fragment, Natural History, 6, 202-205 about the Fortunate Islands, with special attention on the information of Juba II nd of Mauretania as a source for this fragment. KEY WORDS: Pliny the Elder. The Fortunate Islands. Juba II nd of Mauretania. The Canary Islands in the Antiquity.

Reservados todos los derechos por la legislación en materia de Propiedad Intelectual. Ni la totalidad ni parte de este libro, incluido el diseño de la cubierta, puede reproducirse, almacenarse o transmitirse en manera alguna por medio ya sea electrónico, químico, óptico, informático, de grabación o de fotocopia, sin permiso previo por escrito de la editorial. Las noticias, los asertos y las opiniones contenidos en esta obra son de la exclusiva responsabilidad del autor o autores. La editorial, por su parte, solo se hace responsable del interés científico de sus publicaciones. , talleres y producciones artísticas en piedra de la Provincia Tarraconensis» (HAR2015-65319-P, MINECO / FEDER, UE), «Sulcato marmore ferro. Canteras, talleres, artesanos y comitentes de las producciones artísticas en piedra en la Hispania Tarraconensis» (PID2019-106967GB-I00, MINECO / FEDER, UE) y «El mensaje del mármol: prestigio, simbolismo y materiales locales en las provincias occidentales del Imperio romano entre las épocas antigua y altomedieval a través del caso de Hispania» (PGC2018-099851-A-I00, MINECO / FEDER, UE).

Reservados todos los derechos por la legislación en materia de Propiedad Intelectual. Ni la totalidad ni parte de este libro, incluido el diseño de la cubierta, puede reproducirse, almacenarse o transmitirse en manera alguna por medio ya sea electrónico, químico, óptico, informático, de grabación o de fotocopia, sin permiso previo por escrito de la editorial. Las noticias, los asertos y las opiniones contenidos en esta obra son de la exclusiva responsabilidad del autor o autores. La editorial, por su parte, solo se hace responsable del interés científico de sus publicaciones. , talleres y producciones artísticas en piedra de la Provincia Tarraconensis» (HAR2015-65319-P, MINECO / FEDER, UE), «Sulcato marmore ferro. Canteras, talleres, artesanos y comitentes de las producciones artísticas en piedra en la Hispania Tarraconensis» (PID2019-106967GB-I00, MINECO / FEDER, UE) y «El mensaje del mármol: prestigio, simbolismo y materiales locales en las provincias occidentales del Imperio romano entre las épocas antigua y altomedieval a través del caso de Hispania» (PGC2018-099851-A-I00, MINECO / FEDER, UE).

Illustrazione monografica della innovativa componente combattente della marina militare imperiale di Roma antica: le origini in epoca repubblicana, l'assetto permanente nella marina imperiale, l'ordinamento, il vestiario, l'armamento, le funzioni belliche e quelle collaterali, la posizione istituzionale dei classiari e la loro posizione nell’ambito della società civile.
Monographic illustration of the innovative fighting component of the imperial navy of ancient Rome: the origins in the republican era, the permanent structure of the imperial navy, the organization, the clothing, the armament, the warlike and collateral functions, the institutional position of the classiari and their position within civil society.

The article is devoted to two events of the beginning of Tiberius’ principate, i. e. the death of Agrippa Postumus in 14 A.D. and the mutiny of Pseudo-Agrippa in 16 A.D. Details about the murder of Agrippa are discussed, as well as the role of Sallustius Crispus in this and the reason why Sallustius is mentioned only by Tacitus. The author of the article argues that Sallustius’ involvement in the murder could have arisen much later than this event and been invented by supporters of Agrippina the Younger or herself, since sources point to her family ties with Sallustius and the dubious circumstances of the death of Passienus Crispus, Agrippina’s second husband. Sallustius in the Annals is also intended to create the image of the second power broker and continue the theme of a powerful knight who does not occupy prominent positions, but at the same time has a significant influence on the princeps and his internal affairs. In Tacitus the one following Sallustius in this manner is Sejanus. The artificiality of Sallustius as the confident of Tiberius indicates the inconsistency of this image in Tacitus, who was almost forced to find some kind of replacement for Maecenas in favor of the narrative. The so-called Clemens’ mutiny, which broke out in Italy in 16, is also being questioned. The information available does not give the right to draw far-reaching conclusions about this event, since there are good reasons not to believe in the reality of it. The paucity of information in the primary sources prompted Tacitus to make a historical reconstruction, which, probably due to its plausibility, convinced researchers of the reality of the mutiny. The anecdotal conversation between Tiberius and Clemens, cited by Dio and Tacitus at the end of the story of the mutiny, testifies to the influence of a tradition that was biased towards Tiberius and accused him of ‘illegal’ accession. The anecdote was the main part of the rumor which arose at an unspecified time after the year 16.

Reservados todos los derechos. Queda prohibido reproducir, almacenar en sistemas de recuperación de la información y transmitir alguna parte de esta publicación, cualquiera que sea el medio empleado (electrónico, mecánico, fotocopia, grabación…) sin el permiso previo de los titulares de la propiedad intelectual.

Reservados todos los derechos. Queda prohibido reproducir, almacenar en sistemas de recuperación de la información y transmitir alguna parte de esta publicación, cualquiera que sea el medio empleado (electrónico, mecánico, fotocopia, grabación…) sin el permiso previo de los titulares de la propiedad intelectual.

La tradición peninsular en materia de producción plástica era bien diversa antes de la llegada de Roma. La romanización, entre otros muchos factores de transformación, supuso un nuevo lenguaje estético, y así la plástica romana es uno de los mejores exponentes a la hora de comprender qué significó esta nueva cultura en un suelo tan variopinto como el nuestro.

El volumen Escultura Romana en Hispania V se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación BHA 2002-01845, financiado por la Dirección General de Investigación del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, cofinanciado con fondos FEDER. Reservados todos los derechos. Queda prohibido reproducir, almacenar en sistemas de recuperación de la información y transmitir alguna parte de esta publicación, cualquiera que sea el medio empleado (electrónico, mecánico, fotocopia, grabación…) sin el permiso previo de los titulares de la propiedad intelectual.

The paper examines the organization and duties of both the servi publici attached to the curatores aquarum and the members of the so-called familia publica aquaria. Starting with the analysis of some passages from Frontinus and a few inscriptiones related to them, the contribution will put forward ideas on the political significance of Augustus' introduction of servi publici into the administration of the city of Rome and, more generally, on the continuity in the employment of such personnel between the end of the first century B.C. and the sixth century A.D.

Actium is a monumental memory to the end of the roman republican period and to a decisive victory that would connect a particular region to an historical event that shaped Rome and probably history of humanity itself. The battle of Actium impulse the beginning of a new order that was crystalized in a toponym and this paper intends to assess what was the general understanding of the impact of this battle and what such word have meant to a Roman of the first and second century AD. Through a survey on an extended corpus for references in Latin literature and its context, we analyze the potential value of Actium as a word and its variability in Roman cultural expression, considering the relations between the naval battle, political affairs, geography, literature, popular culture, and historiographic perspectives on roman status quo.

Since their excavation from 1853 to 1859, the Stabian Baths have always been intriguing and noteworthy, for both scholars and visitors. They have become even more fascinating and important with the completely unexpected discovery of two round rooms in the courtyard of the baths that were excavated in 2021 and 2023. These rooms can be identified as ancient saunas or sweat baths (laconica). The aim of this article is to present the evidence of these laconica and to assess their socio-cultural significance. Since both laconica had to be reburied at the end of the excavation campaigns, the millions of visitors who enter and cross the courtyard of the baths every year have no idea what lies beneath their feet. It is hoped that this article can change this and provide some insights into Pompeii’s multifaceted and fascinating (re)buried history and life.

This paper builds a new case for the independence of the Euripus from the Stagnum Agrippae. The Euripus was a canal supplied by the Aqua Virgo in the Campus Martius. Its course from the centre of the plain to the Tiber has been hotly debated, as has its relationship with the Stagnum Agrippae. This paper argues for complete independence on the grounds of both the archaeological and literary evidence, serving to bolster the case made by Lloyd almost fifty years ago.

“What, therefore, do Caligula and Antiochus Epiphanes have in common,
as their reigns pertain to the Jews? Both reigned during a time when the Jews were abandoning their God and breaking covenant with him on a national scale. The one ruler officially desecrated the Temple, while the other planned to do so. Both rulers were involved in the emperor cult that required worship from those they ruled”.

Löwy considers sections of two Horace poems directly relating the the message of the Ara Pacis in this 1929 short article.  He also considers the identity of the goddess on the rear wall in the so-called Tellus Relief.
I did not re-translate the Latin which I have translated elsewhere, as many other scholars quote the same passages.

Message from the Secretary-p. 1 Books Available for Review-p. 1 Book Reviews-p. 3 Membership Application Form-p. 10 Message from the Secretary It is a great pleasure to present the latest volume of Res Militares. The current issue features five very informative book reviews as well as a catalogue of books available for review.

Saprykin S.Yu., Pyslaru I. New Data about Emperor Augustus Worship in Kallatis // Journal of Historical, Philological and Cultural Studies. – Moscow, Magnitogorsk, Novosibirsk, 2013. – P. 168-182.
In the given article a new inscription found in the Western Pontic Town of Kallatis is published. A gymnasium and one saved construction with the last letter of its title are mentioned in the given inscription. Both constructions mentioned in this inscription were devoted to Caesar Augustus on behalf of Kallatian people. "Caesar Augustus" stands for "Emperor Augustus". An absense of designation that Caesar Augustus was an autocrator permits us to date the mentioned document to the 20s B.C., when a worship of Augustus formed in the Roman Empire and its satellites. A gymnasium in Kallatis and one more construction were located on the town's agora that was reconstructed relatively at this period and where temenos of Augustus, sanctuary (altar), temple and gymnasium were built. These constructions had an aim to become a center of veneration of the Roman Emperor.

В статье публикуется новая надпись, обнаруженная в западнопонтийском городе Каллатисе, в которой упоминается гимнасий и еще какая-то постройка, от названия которой сохранилась, к сожалению, только одна последняя буква. Оба сооружения, названные в надписи, были посвящены от имени Народа каллатийцев Цезарю Августу, т.е. императору Августу. Отсутствие в надписи указания на то, что Цезарь Август являлся автократором, позволяет датировать документ началом 20-х годов до н.э., когда в Римской империи и в союзных ей государствах начал складываться культ Августа. Гимнасий в Каллатисе и еще какая-то постройка находились на агоре города, которую начали реконструировать около этого времени и где возвели теменос Августа, алтарь, храм и гимнасий, отныне призванные стать центром почитания римского императора.

La prevalencia del espejo griego en las construcciones identitarias generadas en Iberia ha hecho que el prisma romano o, mejor dicho, los estudios centrados en las fuentes literarias latinas no se hayan prodigado. Por esta razón, nuestra intención en este trabajo es valorar el peso de ciertos autores latinos en la progresiva construcción etno-geográfica de la península ibérica durante el periodo de conquista. Así, nos acercaremos a obras de naturaleza muy dispar-el AUC de Tito Livio, la producción cesariana, las RG augusteas o la NH pliniana -que, para estos contextos, han quedado eclipsadas por el relato de Estrabón y de sus ilustres predecesores.

A reference to Agrippa's third consulship features prominently on the inscription that is still visible on the Pantheon in Rome. As the building and its inscription are now understood as a second-century CE restoration of Agrippa's original edifice, the inscription is exceptional in leaving out any reference to the restorer. I aim to understand this inscription in its second-century context by stressing the prominence of the third consulship, which corresponds to a similar prominence on Hadrian's coinage. I argue that the emphasis on the third consulship meant to give expression to the idea of Hadrian as primus inter pares.

В статье исследуется вопрос о взаимоотношениях между консулом Луцием Корнелием Суллой и римским плебсом в 88 г. до н.э. В первой части статьи анализируется роль народного собрания в политической борьбе вокруг законопроектов плебейского трибуна Публия Сульпиция. Авторы приходят к выводу, что столкновения между сторонниками и противниками предложений Сульпиция были инспирированы Суллой и его коллегой по консульству Квинтом Помпеем Руфом, которые тем самым стремились сорвать голосование в комициях. Уличные беспорядки были использованы консулами как повод для того, чтобы ввести неприсутственные дни (iustitium). Во второй части статьи рассматривается вопрос о якобы проведенных Суллой в 88 г. до н.э. преобразованиях, касавшихся законодательных полномочий комиций. Авторы приходят к заключению, что эта реформа является мифом.

Статья посвящена вопросам политической биографии Публия
Фурия. Автор разделяет точку зрения, согласно которой Фурий был плебейским трибуном в 100, а не 99 г. до н.э. Он предложил конфискацию имущества Л. Апулея Сатурнина, однако нет сведений, что она, вопреки распространенной точке зрения, состоялась на деле. Принимается точка зрения, согласно которой имело место два процесса Фурия, а не один, как иногда предполагается. По мнению автора, причиной убийства Фурия толпой стали опасения его противников, что он будет оправдан.

Agrippa was elevated in 13 BC to a status of unofficial co-emperor with Augustus and enjoyed nearly all of the same legal rights (but lacking the religious powers Augustus had to fill openings in the religious colleges).  Dio is almost the only authority we have for this, although Velleius also hints at Agrippa's escalation.  Fortunately, surviving numismatic evidence very loudly corroborates Dio.  The issues of 13 BC celebrate Agrippa in a way that no other friend or heir of Augustus enjoyed, certainly not Tiberius.  We know from Velleius and Dio 54 that Agrippa Agrippa and Statilius Taurus held multiple priesthoods, a special honor usually reserved for the heir (Tiberius gave such honors to his sons and Sejanus, so did Claudius to Nero).  The coinage reflects this.  The elevation of Agrippa was necessary to make him the full partner in power, so that Agrippa could ensure the stability of the state, in case anything happened to Augustus.  Chapter 3 documents the coinage and messages on it that document Agrippa's jump in status in 13.

Agrippa was elevated in 13 BC to a status of unofficial co-emperor with Augustus and enjoyed nearly all of the same legal rights (without the religious powers Augustus had to fill openings in the religious colleges).  Agrippa was surely made a Pontifex and probably an Augur.  We know from Dio 54 he was already a Quindecimvir back in 17 BC.  Velleius says he and Statilius Taurus had multiple priesthoods.  The elevation of Agrippa was necessary to make him the full partner in power, so that in case anything happened to Augustus, Agrippa could ensure the stability of the state.  Chapter 3 documents Agrippa's rise, the reasons behind it, an the political and religious honors he received.  Coinage is the biggest testimony to Agrippa's jump in status in 13.  Had he lived longer to enjoy those honors, we might have seen much more redundant evidence of it in 12-10 BC.

This thesis explores with whom Augustus shared credit for "saving Rome."  The Ara Pacis presents in stone the 80 magnates of Rome who ushered in a New Golden Age.  Unlike most Roman monuments, this one includes women and children and shows triumph over the chaos and evils of civil war.

The History and Function of the Ara Pacis Augustae 
  This chapter regards the excavation history and the story of how the Ara Pacis was reassembled.  Note that the ancient location (piazza San Lorenzo in Lucina) is 1 km away from the current museum.  A brief summary of Buchner's theory appears, but I do not accept it - and even if it was true, the build up of other structures on the Campus Martius would soon prevent the full effect of Buchner's sundial pointing to the Ara Pacis.  Ancient precedents for the Ara Pacis are considered, leading to the question of what event does the Ara Pacis procession depict and when?
  ADDED in OCT. 2023:  This chapter formed the nucleus for paper "The Pieces of the Ara Pacis" for the Collecting Antiquities conference (Poland 2021) and then a chapter in the conference proceedings, _Collecting Antiquities from the Middle Ages to the End of the Nineteenth Century_  published in 2022.  I benefited from the work of Simona Forresta, Of recent, Andrea d’Agostino sent me his article « VICENDE COLLEZIONISTICHE DI ALCUNI RELIEVI DELL’ ARA PACIS AUGUSTAE, » (2003, Bollettino dei musei comunali di Roma), [now online at academia.edu], which I am currently translating into English.  I am certain I could have avoided some errors or lack of specificity in my thesis if I had known of Andrea's work in 2005, and I will incorporate his insights in my future book.                          GCS

Историческое Вече: Проблемы всемирной истории, 2023.

В статье рассматриваются различные аспекты политической деятельности крупного банкира-землевладельца Т. Помпония Аттика в период второго триумвирата, в частности, его отношения с Октавианом и Антонием, а также реконструируется его роль в событиях того времени. Между тем в историографии данная проблема систематически никогда не анализировалась. Автор рассматривает ранние идеологические мероприятия Октавиана через призму сотрудничества с Аттиком, а брак Агриппы и дочери Аттика – как следствие огромного политического веса Тита Помпония. Военная и идеологическая политика Антония так же связывала его с финансовыми интересами Аттика как публикана, и отдельные аспекты их взаимодействия исследованы в статье.  На основе анализа широкого круга источников, автор приходит к выводу о значительном влиянии Аттика на политику триумвиров, о их взаимовыгодном сотрудничестве и его поддержке режима триумвирата в целом, связанной с его собственническими интересами.

Статья посвящена изучению античной традиции о жизни и деятельности александрийского философа, грамматика и астролога Трасилла. Сначала он был личным астрологом Тиберия, но со временем добился его дружбы и стал доверенным лицом императора. Мы полагаем, что не следует преувеличивать степень его влияния на политические решения Тиберия. Хотя он породнился с влиятельными фигурами при дворе, в частности, с Макроном, который играл очень важную роль при Тиберии в последние годы его жизни и обеспечил переход императорской власти к Калигуле, Трасилл не принимал участия в этих интригах. Скорее, он выполнял роль придворного философа; его учение о Логосе могло вызвать интерес фаталиста Тиберия, а кроме того, оно давало фундамент для философского обоснования астрологии.

The article is devoted to the study of the Greek and Roman sources about the life and work of the Alexandrian philosopher, grammarian and astrologer Thrasyllus. Initially he was Tiberius' personal astrologer on Rhodes, but over time he achieved his friendship and became a confidant of the emperor. The extent of Thrasyllus’ influence on Tiberius' political decisions should not be exaggerated. Although he was related to influential figures at court, in particular, with Quintus Macro, who played a very important role under Tiberius in the last years of his life and ensured the transfer of imperial power to Caligula, Thrasyllus did not take part in these intrigues. Rather, he played the role of a court philosopher; his teaching about the Logos could arouse the interest of the fatalist Tiberius, and besides, it provided the foundation for the philosophical justification of astrology, that was a hobby of the emperor.