Journalism

además del área fisica, hay que tener en cuenta todo lo que interesa a la gente de una zona concreta. Palabras Clave: Prensa de proximidad. Publicaciones periódicas de los pueblos. Funciones. Contenido. Medios de comunicación comarcales. C'est au cours des années 70 que la presse de proximité et l'information des villages commença à jouer un rôle au sein l'état. Au cours des dix années qui suivirent, le phénomène de la presse locale prit une plus grande importance et Euskal Herria fut le témoin de cet épanouissement. L'information de proximité ne paraît pas seulement dans la presse locale. Les grands quotidiens se sont également rendu compte de la nécessité de la proximité du lecteur. Pour cette raison, au moment de définir l'espace de proximité il faut tenir compte, en plus de l'espace physique, de tout ce qui intéresse les gens dans une zone concrète. Mots Clés: Presse de proximité. Publications périodiques des villages. Fonctions. Contenu. Moyens de communication régionaux.

Langit tampak biasa-biru kusam yang diliputi debu, dengan awan yang tak lagi berarak bebas sebagaimana dulu. Namun ruh Kael bergetar, seakan ada sesuatu yang hendak menyampaikan pesan dari kedalaman bumi. Sudah tiga malam berturut-turut ia tidak bisa tidur. Bukan karena rasa takut, melainkan karena ada suara samar yang menembus batinnya. Suara itu bukan kata-kata, bukan pula bisikan seperti manusia berbicara, tetapi semacam frekuensi-getaran yang langsung merambat ke dadanya. "Ingatlah janjimu… sebelum engkau ditiupkan ke rahim dunia." Kael menggigil. Kata-kata itu bukan berasal dari luar dirinya, melainkan muncul dari kedalaman kesadarannya sendiri. Ia berdiri di tengah lembah yang tak bertuan: reruntuhan menara komunikasi yang dulu pernah dipenuhi cahaya listrik kini tinggal kerangka besi yang bengkok, berkarat, dan tertutup lumut. Padang terbuka di sekitarnya membentang luas, seolah bumi sedang menahan napas, menunggu sesuatu yang besar segera terjadi. Dalam keheningan itu, Kael duduk bersila di atas tanah. Ia memejamkan mata, menarik napas panjang, lalu membiarkan pikirannya hening. Pada saat itulah suara itu kembali datang, lebih jelas, lebih dalam: "Makhluk bukan hanya yang tampak di mata… Kami adalah saksi-saksi langit, yang dikurung di dalam bumi menunggu pembebasan ruhani." Kael membuka matanya, tetapi tidak ada seorang pun di sekitarnya. Hanya angin yang berhembus membawa debu kering. Suara itu terdengar lagi: "Fitnah besar sedang naik. Apa yang engkau sebut 'kemajuan' bukanlah cahaya, melainkan Dajjal yang mengenakan topeng digital dan robotik." Kael menunduk. Ia tahu, dunia modern yang pernah ia kenal bukanlah surga, melainkan penjara dengan dinding transparan. Ilusi tentang kebebasan, padahal manusia sudah kehilangan akarnya: dzikir dan pengenalan kepada Sang Pencipta. Sejenak Kael teringat pada firman Allah: "Alastu birabbikum? Qālū balā." (Bukankah Aku Tuhanmu? Mereka menjawab: Benar, kami bersaksi…) (QS. Al-A'raf: 172) Itulah titik awal seluruh ruh. Sebelum lahir ke dunia, sebelum mengenal nama, bangsa, bahkan tubuh, setiap jiwa pernah berdiri di hadapan Allah, bersaksi bahwa hanya Dia-lah Tuhan yang sejati. Kini Kael tahu, suara itu sedang memanggilnya kembali ke titik janji itu. Sebuah titik yang tidak bisa dicapai dengan berjalan kaki, tidak bisa ditemukan dengan peta dunia, tetapi hanya bisa ditembus dengan makrifatullah-kesadaran untuk mengenal Allah melalui ruh yang murni. Langkah Kael membawanya lebih jauh ke sebuah dataran sunyi. Tak ada kota, tak ada manusia, hanya hamparan tanah yang terasa hidup. Ia menunduk, menyentuh bumi dengan telapak tangannya, dan merasakan getaran halus yang seperti aliran darah. "Pada hari itu bumi menceritakan beritanya…" (QS. Az-Zalzalah: 4) Kael tertegun. Bumi bukanlah benda mati. Bumi adalah saksi. Setiap langkah manusia, setiap sujud, setiap dosa, setiap amal-semuanya direkam. Dan suatu hari, bumi sendiri akan bersaksi di hadapan Sang Pencipta. Kael akhirnya menyadari: makrifat bukanlah ilmu tinggi yang hanya dimiliki oleh para ulama atau orang-orang khusus. Makrifat adalah ruh yang kembali ingat pada janji aslinya. Malam itu, Kael duduk di antara reruntuhan menara komunikasi yang sunyi. Ia memandang ke arah langit yang penuh bintang, namun baginya bintang-bintang itu tidak lagi sekadar cahaya. Ia melihatnya sebagai tanda-tanda: bukti bahwa di balik segala kegelapan, ada cahaya yang tak pernah padam. "Jika fitnah Dajjal adalah ilusi terbesar akhir zaman," gumam Kael, "maka satu-satunya jalan selamat adalah cahaya yang datang dari dalam ruh. Bukan cahaya layar, bukan cahaya mesin, melainkan cahaya makrifatullah." Dengan kesadaran itu, Kael mulai melantunkan dzikir perlahan. Lidahnya bergerak, namun yang lebih dalam adalah hati yang bergetar menyebut nama Allah. Saat itulah ia merasakan bumi bergetar ringan, seolah merespons dzikirnya. Malam semakin dalam. Angin kering berhembus membawa aroma tanah yang retak. Di kejauhan, Kael melihat bayangan pegunungan yang hitam pekat, seolah menjadi dinding raksasa yang membatasi dunia. Ia berjalan perlahan, menyusuri jalan yang sudah lama ditinggalkan. Rumput liar tumbuh di celah aspal yang retak, tanda bahwa peradaban manusia sudah ditelan bumi. Kael merasakan kesepian yang menakutkan sekaligus menenangkan. Ia sendirian, namun tidak benar-benar sendiri. Ada suara-suara samar yang mengiringi langkahnya. Bukan suara manusia, melainkan gema ruh yang pernah ada sebelum tubuh diciptakan. "Kael… engkau dipanggil bukan untuk melihat, tapi untuk ingat. Ingat asalmu, ingat janjimu, ingat siapa Tuhanmu." Kael berhenti melangkah. Dadanya sesak. Ia menunduk, meraba tanah dengan jarinya, seakan ingin memastikan bumi benar-benar berbicara padanya. Dalam keheningan itu, tiba-tiba dadanya terasa panas. Bukan panas fisik, melainkan api kesadaran. Seperti ada sesuatu yang terbakar di dalam dirinya-lapisan ego, rasa takut, dan ilusi yang selama ini ia kumpulkan. Ia menutup mata, mencoba menenangkan diri. Namun semakin ia melawan, semakin kuat api itu berkobar. Sampai akhirnya ia pasrah, membiarkan api itu membakar habis semua lapisan batin yang palsu. Di tengah kobaran itu, ia mendengar kalimat yang menembus batinnya: "Fitnah terbesar bukan datang dari luar… tetapi dari dirimu sendiri, ketika engkau lupa bahwa engkau adalah cahaya dari Allah." Air mata Kael menetes. Ia sadar, selama ini ia sering mencari cahaya di luar: pada teknologi, pada ilmu, pada simbol-simbol modernitas. Padahal cahaya itu selalu ada di dalam dirinyatertutup oleh debu dosa dan kabut kelalaian. Langkah Kael membawanya ke sebuah padang luas, dataran yang seakan tidak berujung. Langit di atasnya terlihat rendah, seperti kubah yang menekan bumi. Di tempat itulah Kael merasa seluruh semesta sedang mengamatinya. Kalimat itu berputar di dalam kepalanya, menyatu dengan degup jantungnya. Ia mulai berjalan tanpa arah pasti, hanya mengikuti suara batin yang membimbingnya. Tiba-tiba, bumi bergetar halus. Tidak seperti gempa, melainkan getaran yang lembut, seolah bumi sedang bernapas. Kael berhenti, lalu berlutut. "Bumi ini hidup," gumamnya. "Ia menyimpan rahasia, ia menyimpan kesaksian…" Di kejauhan, Kael melihat sebuah pohon tua berdiri sendirian. Batangnya besar, kulitnya retak-retak, dan cabangnya menjulang seperti tangan yang berdoa ke langit. Ia berjalan mendekat, dan ketika sampai di bawah pohon itu, ia merasakan keheningan yang berbeda. Daun-daun pohon itu berdesir, meski angin tak bertiup. Dari batangnya, terdengar suara samar: "Kael… setiap ruh pernah bersaksi di hadapan-Nya. Dan bumi inilah yang menjadi saksi atas semua janji itu." Kael meletakkan telapak tangannya di batang pohon. Seketika ia melihat kilasan-kilasan masa lalu: manusia-manusia yang sujud, para nabi yang berdiri di tanah yang sama, suarasuara yang menggemakan "Qālu balā". Ia terhuyung, hampir jatuh. Tapi pohon itu seolah menahannya. Malam semakin larut. Kael menengadah ke langit. Bintang-bintang berkelip, namun satu bintang tampak berbeda: cahayanya lebih terang, lebih dekat, seakan sedang turun perlahan. Kael memejamkan mata, dan dalam batinnya ia mendengar: "Cahaya itu bukan bintang. Itu adalah ingatanmu sendiri yang sedang kembali." Tiba-tiba ia teringat ayat: "Dan bumi pun bersaksi… bahwa hanya ruh yang mengenal Tuhan yang akan selamat dari fitnah terakhir." Kael menangis tanpa suara. Ia tahu, perjalanan ini bukan sekadar perjalanan jasmani. Ini adalah perjalanan untuk mengingat. Perjalanan untuk menemukan kembali kunci makrifatullah yang telah lama terkunci di dalam ruhnya. Langkah Kael membawa dirinya semakin jauh dari padang sunyi. Dalam keremangan malam, ia melihat siluet bangunan yang setengah roboh. Kubahnya pecah, dindingnya retak, dan menaranya condong ke satu sisi, seolah hendak jatuh. Ia mendekat perlahan, dan saat cahaya bulan menyinari, ia sadar: itu adalah sebuah masjid tua. Kael menahan napas. Masjid itu dulunya pasti megah. Namun kini, lantainya dipenuhi debu, karpetnya hilang, mihrabnya retak. Meski begitu, ada sesuatu yang tidak hancur: suasana sakral yang masih melekat. Ia melangkah masuk. Setiap langkah kakinya menimbulkan gema di ruangan kosong itu. Membersihkan sumber dosa (lahir & batin). Tanda: kejujuran pada aib diri, bukan sibuk aib orang. Menjaga yang syubhat; memegang dunia di tangan, bukan di hati. Stabil pada nikmat-sulit; naik turun emosi tidak mengoyak prinsip. Ikhtiar penuh, pasrah hasil. Ridha mengubahkan "beban" jadi "amanah". Cinta & keakraban kepada Allah; dzikir menjadi "napas batin". Penyaksian maknawi-bukan melihat zat-bahwa segala sesuatu bi idznillah. Ini tidak spektakuler; justru melahirkan tawadhu' yang halus. Catatan: Jalan ini berulang; seorang salik bisa kembali ke awal untuk dipadatkan lagiseperti menempa pedang berkali-kali agar lentur namun tajam.  Tenang tapi tajam: damai secara batin, waspada secara akal.  Lugas & adil: tidak mudah terpancing sensasi; menimbang dengan nurani & nash.  Sedikit bicara, banyak hadir: tidak anti-dunia, tapi tidak diperbudak dunia.  Dzikirnya hidup: bukan hanya lafaz; ia menjadi "gelombang batin" yang memancar dalam akhlak.  Teguh di tengah arus: tidak gampang ikut-ikutan; karena kompasnya dalam bukan di luar. Narasi Jilid IX menekankan fitnah sistemik: kemajuan berwajah ilusi-"cahaya" buatan yang memukau indera namun memadamkan hati: glorifikasi layar, metaverse, transhumanisme, "mesias" digital, dan ide keabadian berbasis server KAEL VERIDIAN JILID IX . Sasarannya: memindahkan pusat eksistensi dari ruh ke data, dari dzikir ke sinyal. Makrifat adalah "firewall" batin: Di titik itu, tidak ada lagi Kael, tidak ada lagi perjalanan. Yang ada hanyalah Allah -Al-Haqq, Al-Nūr, Al-Baqī. ✨ 7. Penutup Agung Kisah Kael berakhir bukan dengan kematian, bukan dengan kemenangan perang, bukan dengan mahkota, tetapi dengan fana dalam cahaya.  Semua bab hanyalah jalan.  Semua tokoh hanyalah cermin.  Semua kisah hanyalah perantara. Akhir sejati adalah kembali. Kembali ke Sumber. Kembali ke Allah. 🌟 TAMAT 🌟 Kembali ke...

This report presents the phenomena of media freedom and pluralism and the major academic and policy debates about their social, political, economic role and implications. It highlights the importance of media freedom and pluralism for the functioning, sustainability and legitimacy of a democratic regime, and therefore the necessity for relevant policy actions. The text also provides a state of the art perspective on the measuring and evaluating of media pluralism. It analyses major aspects of media economics and ownership, including the tendency to media concentration, the potential relationship between pluralism and the increased number of sources of supply, the impact of emerging "Internet native" media players, and globalisation. The legal core of the report examines the development of the debate on legal instruments and jurisprudence, as well as those EU legal instruments that are currently available to tackle the areas of media pluralism and media freedom. Following o...

The Media Landscape of Poland offers a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of the Polish media system since 1989. The authors explore the evolution of media in Poland through political, legal, economic, and technological lenses. The contributions cover key areas such as legal frameworks, the audiovisual market, regional and national press, digital media, and technological innovation and gives special attention to issues such as the politicization of public service media, the concentration of media ownership, tabloidization, the development of data journalism and fact-checking, and the impact of artificial intelligence on content production. The authors also examine state-led media acquisitions and their implications for media pluralism and journalistic independence.

Medya, dijitalin de ötesine doğru (burada dijitalin ötesi ile kastedilen yeni medya teknolojilerinin sınırlarının aşıldığı algoritmik sistemin süreklilik halindeki hızıdır) sistemsel bir değişim sürecinin içinde otomatik haber yazımı, yankı odaları ve filtre balonları gibi kavramlarla yoğrulmaktadır.
Wordsmith, Heliograf ve Quil başta olmak üzere çeşitli yapay zekâ uygulamaları, rutin içerikler bakımından otomatik haber yazımı yaparak medya alanında yeni bir tür olarak robot gazetecilik pratiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Günlük finans raporları, skor tahminleri, hava durumu vb. konu ve alanlarda anlık ve hızlı bir şekilde içerik oluşturabilen otomatik haber yazım sistemleri, medyanın haber üretimini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu süreçte ortaya çıkan bir diğer gazetecilik pratiği de SEO (Search Engine Optimization) haberciliğidir. Haberlerin Google gibi arama motorlarında daha görünür hale gelmesi amacıyla içeriklerin belirli anahtar sözcükler ve algoritmalara göre hazırlanması sürecine karşılık gelen SEO habercilik pratiği, anlatıların homojenleşmesine neden olarak bu içerikleri takip eden bireylerin de filtrelenmiş içeriklere maruz kalmasına ve yankı odasına hapsolmasına zemin hazırlamaktadır.
Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada; öncelikle, yapay zekânın tarihsel yolculuğu ve yapay zekâ ile medya ilişkisine değinilmektedir. Akabinde, yapay zekânın medya alanında kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla gündemimize giren SEO habercilik ve otomatik haber üretim sürecine karşılık gelen robot gazetecilik gibi türlere dikkat çekilerek yapay zekâ ve medya ilişkisi üzerine bir tartışma gerçekleştirilmektedir.

Metaphor is a pervasive feature of discourse and a powerful lens for examining cognition, emotion, and ideology. Large-scale analysis, however, has been constrained by the need for manual annotation due to the context-sensitive nature of metaphor. This study investigates the potential of large language models (LLMs) to automate metaphor identification in full texts. We compare three methods: (i) retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), where the model is provided with a codebook and instructed to annotate texts based on its rules and examples; (ii) prompt engineering, where we design task-specific verbal instructions; and (iii) fine-tuning, where the model is trained on hand-coded texts to optimize performance. Within prompt engineering, we test zero-shot, few-shot, and chain-of-thought strategies. Our results show that state-of-the-art closed-source LLMs can achieve high accuracy, with fine-tuning yielding a median F1 score of 0.79. A comparison of human and LLM outputs reveals that most discrepancies are systematic, reflecting well-known grey areas and conceptual challenges in metaphor theory. We propose that LLMs can be used to at least partly automate metaphor identification and can serve as a testbed for developing and refining metaphor identification protocols and the theory that underpins them.

reputation-and-accountability-where-are-the-checks-and-balances-with-socialmedia/ How have changes in the media landscape have affected the practice of reputation management? Public Relations Executive Tim Burt says that the proliferation of social media has greatly limited the amount of editorial control that can be exercised over the dissemination of information. Burt argues that social media have eroded the system of "checks and balances" that historically governed the reporting process, a development that has (unsurprisingly) led to high levels of anxiety among CEOs. It has made it more difficult for Burt to manage the reputations of his corporate clientele, but he is also cautiously optimistic regarding how a diffuse media environment might increase democratic accountability. Polis Intern Kyle Bowen takes up some of the issues that emerged from the latest Polis Media Agenda Talk. The U.S. budget issue, the future of media regulation in this country, the rise of the BRICs, and particularly China. Will China as a marketplace compensate for the stuttering growth that we're seeing in the US and Europe?

The literature on journalism ethics and law contains no generally shared defi nition of what constitutes the public interest. The goal of this article is to establish the positions on the public interest taken by three courts – that is, the European Court of Human Rights, the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia, and the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia – in order to discern whether case law has provided more specifi c guidelines for understanding what journalism in the public interest actually means. Based on our analysis, we propose a broad defi nition whereby information in the public interest refers to data so objectively important to society that the public’s right to be informed about such data outweighs a human right or freedom, or a private or public interest, which would otherwise demand that the data not be disclosed to the public. Information in the public interest can be part of political, economic, social, religious, or any other contexts. The...

During the last years we have been witnesses of a metamorphosis in journalistic products, in the journalistic profession and in the mass media-audience relationship.
People haven’t participated in the construction of the mediatic speech traditionally. Internet has changed that tendency allowing users to be emitters also. The reason of this change is related with the birth of a new communication platform, and setting up a new communicative rhetoric that arrives through cybermedia, where users’ participation has been accepted as a usual practice. Internet has changed the way journalists work and it has opened new possibilities to the citizens participation; and we have reflected and investigated about these two positive questions.
Our paper analyzes the participative journalism applied by the most important Spanish generalist television networks (rtve.es, telecinco.es, antena3.com, plus.es, lasexta.com) in their websites, focusing on weblogs, where tv famous faces extend their activities. This usage means that new media wish to be close to their audiences through different platforms,
looking for the creation of active communities, applying all kind of tools that allow to break the unidirectionality of the traditional mediatic messages. Although many televisions are redefining their website offer to include this kind of contents in a global bet to increase the participation and the interactivity, and without any discrimination between the public and the private spheres, there are still little studies covering this topic, probably because of its recent history.

Du mythe de la « voix des masses » aux mécanismes de reproduction des rapports de domination Daniel LAMOUR, Spécialiste en sciences du langage, information & communication. Daniellamour71@yahoo.fr Ce travail n'est financé ni directement ni indirectement. Résumé Cet article examine l'évolution du journalisme d'opinion en Haïti depuis la chute des Duvalier (1986) jusqu'à l'ère numérique contemporaine. À travers l'analyse comparative des trajectoires de Jean Léopold Dominique et des figures actuelles comme Rudy Sanon, nous démontrons comment l'élite économique haïtienne a développé une stratégie sophistiquée d'instrumentalisation du paysage médiatique. En s'appuyant sur le cadre théorique de l'économie politique des médias et la théorie Gramscienne des intellectuels organiques, cette recherche révèle les mécanismes par lesquels le journalisme d'opinion, malgré sa rhétorique populiste, participe involontairement à la reproduction des structures de domination qu'il prétend combattre.

Cet article analyse l'évolution du journalisme d'opinion haïtien depuis la chute de la dictature duvaliériste (1986) et examine comment l'oligarchie économique a instrumentalisé la critique médiatique pour maintenir sa domination structurelle. À travers l'analyse de contenu de 200 heures d'émissions et d'entretiens avec des professionnels du secteur, ce travail tente d'expliquer les mécanismes par lesquels le journalisme d'opinion, tout en prétendant représenter les « masses populaires », contribue paradoxalement à la reproduction des rapports de domination qu'il dénonce.

O período compreendido entre 1952 e 1969 teve grande importância na história regional e nacional. A criação da Faculdade de Arquitetura da UFRGS e o posicionamento teórico de artistas e intelectuais, que buscavam o nacionalismo, contribuíram para a consolidação da arquitetura no Rio Grande do Sul. Nesse sentido, o trabalho desenvolvido pretende dar conhecimento, à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade em geral, da história da criação da 063 Faculdade de Arquitetura da UFRGS e do pensamento arquitetônico predominante nas duas primeiras décadas de sua existência. Para tanto, estão sendo entrevistados os professores, arquitetos, que lecionaram na Faculdade de Arquitetura, entre os anos 50-60, e tiveram uma produção teórica ou ainda, refletiram posicionamentos teóricos em sua obra, no período em estudo. As entrevistas são gravadas e transcritas, servindo como ponto de partida para a elaboração de textos com a síntese do pensamento do entrevistado. Há, também, pesquisa sobre a obra do arquiteto, através de imagens ilustrativas dos trabalhos mais significativos. Os resultados obtidos são registrados sob forma de fichas-cartazes de cada professor entrevistado, e armazenados em CD Rom, para posterior publicação. Até o momento, foram entrevistados os seguintes professores:

ABSTRAK Nama : Andri Yansyah Prodi : Ilmu Komunikasi Judul : Analisis framing Pemberitaan Rocky Gerung Tentang “Kitab Suci Adalah Fiksi” di Media Republika.co.id Pernyataan Rocky Gerung tentang “kitab suci adalah fiksi” diacara Indonesia Lawyers Club (ILC) pada 10 April 2018 cukup menyita perhatian masyarakat luas di Indonesia, sehingga peristiwa ini menjadi topik utama di beberapa media massa, salah satunya ialah media online Republika.co.id. Dalam memeberitakan kasus Rocky, arah pemberitaan Republika.co.id lebih cendrung membela Rocky, dilihat dari pernyataan-pernyataan yang dikutib dari narasumber sebagian besar menguatkan opini media. Berdasarkan masalah diatas, tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara media Republika.co.id dalam membingkai (framing) berita Rocky tentang pernyataan “kitab suci adalah fiksi”. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui pendekatan analisis framing Model Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicki den...

Resumo: Tendo em vista os vários benefícios que o consumo regular de leite proporciona, este estudo teve a finalidade de definir o perfil dos consumidores de leite na cidade de Monte Carmelo. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista aplicada á uma amostra da população através de questionário, abrangendo diferentes faixas etárias e classes sociais. Através do qual verificou se que a população carmelitana não esta consumindo uma quantidade satisfatória diária de leite.

Tolerance is becoming the message in locker rooms and from teams that recognize they cannot countenance use of pointless slurs like 'faggot,' 'queer,' and 'gay.' Regardless [of] the intent with which those terms are spoken, they classify a group and particular people as synonymous with the lesser, and professional athletes are beginning to understand that." 1 I. INTRODUCTION On April 29, 2013, National Basketball Association (NBA) free agent, center Jason Collins publicly announced that he is gay. 2 1. See Brief for Chris Kluwe and Brendon Ayanbadejo as Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents at 7, Hollingsworth v. Perry, 133 S.Ct. 786 (2012) (No. 12-144) [hereinafter Kluwe & Ayanbadejo] (advocating by amicus brief in support of equal rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals (citing BEN HAGGERTY (a/k/a MACKLEMORE), Same Love, on THE HEIST (Macklemore LLC 2012), available at ). This amicus brief in support of marriage equality was submitted by National Football League (NFL) players Chris Kluwe and Brendon Ayanbadejo, who have been vocal advocates for equal rights for LGBT individuals and for promoting sexual orientation acceptance in organized sports. See id. at 2. Sports figures receive a celebrity status that influences a large majority of the American population. For far too long professional sports have been a bastion of bigotry, intolerance, and small-minded prejudice toward sexual orientation, just as they had been to racial differences decades earlier. That is finally changing, and changing drastically . . . . [A]t the league level, team level, and individual level, [people] are finally speaking out against homophobia and intolerance of LBGTQ individuals. Id. (alterations added). For more background information on sexual orientation in professional sports, see generally The Last Barrier (NBC Bay Area and Comcast SportsNet Bay Area broadcast Dec. 8, 2012) [hereinafter The Last Barrier] ("examining personal issues, teammate and locker room acceptance, and team ownership and fan reaction that gay professional athletes face when contemplating coming out during their playing careers"), and for clips from the documentary The Last Barrier, see also 'The Last Barrier' Examines Challenges Facing Gay Athletes, NBCBAYAREA (Dec. 8, 2012, 12:12 PM), sports/The-Last-Barrier-Examines-Issues-Facing-Gay-Athletes-181473991.html [hereinafter Challenges Facing Gay Athletes]. 2. Jason Collins publicly disclosed his sexual orientation by writing an editorial article and blog post for Sports Illustrated.

Journalism and Media Studies in the Czech Republic: Some Deliberations on their Historical Development Taking developments since 1989 as a starting point, this contribution deals with the history of the Czech press on one hand, starting with the beginning of the eighteenth century, and with the treatmentof journalism and the media as academic field on the other. The authors demonstrate that the Czech press scene was a mirror and, at the same time, an engine for the cultural development and for the politicization of the Czech nation. They follow developments from the First Czechoslovak Republic, where the media experienced a heyday, through repression during the German occupation, up to the socialist era. They elaborate on individual phases of socialist press politics and describe the exploitation of the media for political goals, but also their modernization. The scientific treatment of media developments is also traced back to the start, as is the professionalization of the journal...

Karya seni audio-visual Meningkatkan Detail Informasi Pakaian Dengan Penggunaan Time Expand Dalam Penyutradaraan Program Magazine Show “Mixlook” Episode “Budaya dan Trend Terkini” bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi rekomendasi fashion atau gaya berbusana kepada para blogger & penggiat fashion agar dapat menikmati dan memaksimalkan cara berpakaian. Program televisi magazine show “Mixlook” adalah sebuah program yang bertema besar Fashion atau Gaya berbusana dengan pembahasan beragam. Per-episode serta mengangkat kearifan lokal pakaian modern. Episode produksi kali ini ialah Budaya dan Trend Terkini sebagai salah satu episode “Mixlook”. alasan dipilihnya Budaya dan Trend Terkini karena banyaknya budaya pada berpakian saat ini telah menjadi trend dikalangan masyarakat. serta sedikitnya informasi yang membahas hal tersebut ke kalangan masyarakat. Informasi-informasi rekomendasi fashion atau gaya berbusana trend saat ini, serta menyinggung Budaya dan Trend Terkini dalam pembahasan sebag...

This article illustrates how researchers have studied the representations of youth in the Ibero-American press. We focus on 45 studies published from the beginning of the 21st century to the present. We systematize the investigations considering the objectives and research questions, their methodological treatments and their findings. It is recognized a common predominance of negative portrayals from disinterest to violence across countries. Adultocentrism, biologism, psychologism, racism, and classism are part of the color palette of youth representations. This article highlights the need to develop comparative works to make inferences, as well as finely break down the discursive productions in accordance with the format of the press and its speech producers, to recognize and try to identify the different youth identities; also, it is emphasized that contexts are important since they operate as laboratories of discursive production. The recent Covid-19 pandemic offers an opportunity in this regard.

Era nato il giorno della Rivoluzione, non quella gloriosa della Bastiglia, bensì quella altrettanto fragorosa, ed epocale, che si sarebbe verificata quattro anni più tardi, in Russia, squassando il mondo. Non per nulla i bolscevichi furono interpretati subito come i nuovi giacobini, e Lenin era un Robespierre redivivo. Anche Camus, però in modo duramente polemico, ne L'homme révolté, collegò il giacobinismo al bolscevismo, il terrore staliniano a quello robespierrista. Aveva già allora compiuto le sue scelte, a sinistra, ma contro ogni forma di violenza nei confronti degli innocenti. Quando dunque, nel 1913 (il 7 novembre), nasceva Albert Camus, in Italia Antonio Gramsci diventava socialista, nella Torino capitale industriale, e dopo un paio d'anni difficili, avviava la sua attività di giornalista militante, che lo avrebbe sottratto all'università (con beneficio suo, dello « studente che non divenne dottore » 1 ). Nel carcere tra gli anni Venti e Trenta avrebbe precisato la propria teoria del « giornalismo integrale » ossia, un giornalismo militante, informativo, fondato su dati esatti, ma anche formativo, in quanto capace di formare il suo stesso pubblico, di suscitarlo: strumento pedagogico, e insieme mezzo di edificazione di coscienza di classe, e più in generale come via all'egemonia. Erano gli anni della Grande guerra, quando informare significava, se non ci si accontentava di essere voci del potere, contro-informare. Fare il controcanto alla propaganda di guerra. Gramsci aveva tratto notevole ispirazione da un altro francese, Romain Rolland, e dal suo Au-dessus de la mêlée che ebbe, in Italia, forse più che altrove, un notevole, e inatteso, successo; prova ne sia che Gramsci tenne una conferenza serale su di lui in un circolo socialista, e prima e dopo, lo citò più volte; a sua volta Rolland pubblicò, nel 1934. Ceux qui meurent dans les prisons de Mussolini, un piccolo testo Tra penne e fucili. Albert Camus e gli ambienti intellettuali nell'Europa fra...

Kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence atau AI) bukan lagi sekadar sebuah konsep futuristik. Saat ini, AI telah hadir dalam hampir seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia mulai dari mesin pencarian, rekomendasi belanja, hingga chatbot yang membantu komunikasi sehari-hari. Namun, semakin berkembangnya AI, telah muncul pula tantangan besar, yaitu bagaimana manusia mampu menggunakan teknologi dengan bijak, adil, dan bertanggung jawab sehingga di sinilah pentingnya literasi AI dan etika AI.

A utilização de jornais como fonte e objeto nas pesquisas históricas tem ganhado mais destaque e reconhecimento nos últimos anos. Nesse sentido, pode-se dizer que o Golpe de 1964 e a subsequente ditadura militar no Brasil (1964-1985), eventos marcantes na história do país e que tiveram importante repercussão na imprensa mato-grossense, constituem um rico campo de investigação para compreender como esses acontecimentos foram noticiados e apresentados aos leitores nas páginas dos jornais locais. Periódicos como A Cruz, O Estado de Mato Grosso e Tribuna Liberal tornam-se, então, fontes históricas valiosas para analisar o período, bem como as dinâmicas políticas, sociais e culturais que permeavam Mato Grosso durante a ditadura. Essa comunicação, portanto, fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, visará apresentar uma história por meio de jornais mato-grossenses. Vale frisar que Mato Grosso teve inúmeros jornais impressos ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX. A opção, nesta comunicação, pelos jornais A Cruz, O Estado de Mato Grosso e Tribuna Liberal se dá em razão da disponibilidade das edições destes periódicos e, principalmente, porque apresentam diferentes lugares de observação sobre os acontecimentos em questão. A Cruz foi um jornal de origem e de administração por religiosos católicos; O Estado de Mato Grosso foi fundado e conduzido por jornalistas de ofício; e Tribuna Liberal foi criado e dirigido por deputados estaduais, advogados e jornalistas. Assim, é possível proporcionar mais aspectos e intepretações quanto ao Golpe de 1694 e os anos iniciais da ditadura apresentados e noticiados em suas páginas. Dessa forma, tem-se, por meio desses três jornais, certa representatividade da imprensa local que cobriu o momento do Golpe de 1964 e a implantação da ditadura subsequente, com a ressalva que estes não representam toda a imprensa mato-grossense. Analisando tais periódicos, essa comunicação objetiva responder as seguintes perguntas: Como estes jornais apresentaram em suas páginas o Golpe de 1964? O que os três jornais noticiaram nos primeiros dias da ditadura no Brasil? Com base no método de análise de conteúdo das fontes, acredita-se inicialmente que esses setores da imprensa mato-grossense da época refletiam, em grande medida, as tensões e contradições presentes no cenário nacional. Mesmo nos primeiros dias após o golpe de 1964, os jornais examinados são unânimes em apresentar aceitação e apoio ao movimento golpista.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has altered and transformed almost every field today as one of the outputs of new communication technologies. One of the areas that have undergone this alteration and transformation is journalism, or news practices. Despite the ample favorable opportunities AI technology provides in news search, gathering, editing, and distribution, it might also instigate ethical considerations. The news practices offered by online news sites on X (Twitter) regarding AI technologies are therefore essential to explore because of their positive or negative outcomes that might alter the perception, attitude, or behavior of audiences or readers. In this regard, this study sought to reveal how the top five most frequently visited Turkish online news sites (i.e., Hürriyet, Milliyet, Sabah, Mynet, Sözcü) by Turkish internet users presented news about AI shared on X to viewers/readers. While the research population comprised AI news, the sample consisted of AI news shared by five online news sites on X. In this context, 520 AI news items were included in the study, with 11345 codes being created using the MAXQDA 2024 program for news analysis. The study demonstrated how online news about AI varied by news sections, the purpose of news production, the topics of news titles and headings, the use of visuals and themes, the references to other sources, the use of links, the sources cited in the news, the people mentioned in the news, their titles, news tones, word count and areas of expertise. It further showed how AI journalism differed between online news sites.

In recent years, radical changes in journalism due to political developments and technological innovations have accelerated the debate on the quality and future of journalism education. Today, as in the rest of the world, journalism academics in Turkey are faced with the need to restructure journalism education in line with the transformation of journalism and the problems as well as needs that come with it. Considering the structural problems of the media sector in Turkey and the need for quality journalism, the role of journalism academics in this process becomes even more important. On the other hand, in Turkey, where journalism education is a field with multifaceted problems because of neoliberal policies, how communication faculties and journalism departments can respond to the current needs of journalism education constitutes a critical issue. Based on these evaluations, this study focuses on the current needs and the pursuits for future journalism education of journalism acad...

The emergence of experiences of production and circulation of news content generated by nonjournalists is a growing phenomenon, particularly in the last two decades. It causes changes in the media ecosystem, requires the discussion of ethical issues and about trust and credibility, and imposes a set of challenges to traditional journalism. In Brazil, a significant experience in this sense is Onde Tem Tiroteio (OTT), created in 2016 as a Facebook fanpage and later transformed into an app. Analyzed here under the methodological prism of virtual ethnography, OTT is an initiative that, from a process of collaborative production, checking of information, and close relationships between facts and those who report them, acquires journalistic relevance, on the one hand, and demands the deepening of discussions about ethics, credibility, and trust, on the other. At the same time, the profusion of projects Intercom, Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Comun.,

This study aims to identify and tell stories of journalists who have found alternatives so as to practice their profession outside the newsrooms of traditional media vehicles. In this regard, it makes an account of the profissionalization process of such journalists, as well as discusses the academic education and the job market in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Thereafter, it reports the stories of and compares similar and diverse aspects in the paths of journalists Julio Ribeiro, José Aveline Neto and Rosina Duarte.

Este artigo objetiva discutir as implicações comunicacionais nas relações com alteridades artificiais, sobretudo as Inteligências Artificiais Generativas, alinhando-se ao debate pós-humanista, ao considerar que a comunicação é partilhada entre humanos e não humanos. Por meio de abordagem exploratória, reflexiva e argumentativa, este trabalho revisa de modo não exaustivo a incidência da concepção de humano nas noções clássicas e modernas de ação, tratando a própria condição hu mana em sua relação intrínseca com as tecnologias. Com base nisso, propõe o reconhecimento delas como alteridades significativas, ou seja, como capazes de agir, produzir sentidos e estabelecer vínculos. Em conclusão, ao reconsiderar as alteridades de modo inclusivo de não humanos, redefine as relações humanas e suas implicações comunicacionais.

In 1907, a Portuguese military expedition was sent to Angola to subdue the Kwamato. Two photographers accompanied the troops and photographed moments of rest, training, and combat. It was the first Portuguese photographic reportage of war. This article analyses a group of photographs of the Kwamato campaign as an example of photography of war. Using a methodology based on discourse analysis in journalism, this article illustrates how photography represented colonial warfare as part of a narrative of imperial dominance where modern technology was crucial, and how this representation was presented and normalised to the Portuguese mainland public in the illustrated press.

Mass media is the life blood of a thriving democracy and a healthy society in modern times. It provides a unique platform of communication to both the ruler and the ruled and, at the same time safeguards the interests of the common man, which is of prime importance for a flourishing democratic society. Mass media is expected to strictly follow the ethical values of objectivity, truthfulness, fair play, transparency and honesty. But with the passing of time, this media has made a distance with its core ethical values, for which it was accorded an acclaimed position in the society. As a result, the formal media lost its most valuable asset i.e. public trust, subsequently creating a vacuum in the field of mass communication.. Social Media, which is the result of modern technological innovations, tried to fill this vacuum, despite its poor credibility. Although people are aware of its poor credibility quotient, still they are opting for it. And today this media has become an inseparable part of one's life. Against this backdrop, a serious question comes to the fore-Whether Social Media emerged because Mainstream Media failed people? The research paper in question delves deep into the matter and based on the interviews of Sr. journalists and media educators, tries to present a logical conclusion, which could provide a better insight on the topic.

15 sekund slave je interaktivna umetniška inštalacija, ki obraz naključno izbranega obiskovalca galerije povzdigne v umetniški objekt za 15 sekund. Inštalacija je bila navdahnjena s slavnim citatom Andyja Warhola "V prihodnosti bodo vsi ljudje doživeli svojih petnajst minut slave" 1 kot tudi z njegovim načinom predelave obrazov v slogu pop-art. Inštalacija je sestavljena iz računalnika z zaslonom LCD, ki je uokvirjen in razstavljen kot dragocena slika na steni, digitalnega fotoaparata, usmerjenega v ljudi pred zaslonom in posebej izdelane programske opreme, ki na slikah poišče človeške obraze in jih grafično predela. V tem članku predstavljamo tehnično ozadje inštalacije, še posebej način uporabe metod računalniškega vida v njej.

La presente investigacion analiza el discurso humoristico de la serie de tiras comicas del personaje "Zakilixut", obra del dibujante y humorista Antton Olariaga, en los inicios del periodico "Egin", donde nace el personaje.Se analizan todas los chistes graficos de "Zakilixut" durante el ano 1977, cuando "Egin" nace, utilizando por metodologia el analisis del discurso y la entrevista en profundidad al dibujante, teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociopolitico en el que se enmarcan las primeras andanzas del mismo, en plena Transicion espanola y aun bajo la mirada de la censura institucional. "Zakilixut" deja latente la deslegitimacion del Regimen en su discurso y tematica, y se convierte en adalid de un nuevo modelo de nacionalismo vasco que deja de lado sus tesis clasicas y abraza principios obreristas, feministas y protectores de las minorias que hasta entonces habian estado excluidas por la dictadura, situandose en la orbita social de ...

The past, like the future, is indefinite and exists only as a spectrum of possibilities -Stephen Hawking For the past decades, scholars, journalists and the news industry have pondered "the future of journalism." As the industry continues to undergo unprecedented turmoil around the world, journalists, industry leaders, and scholars have discussed current trends, with an eye on the future amid generally grim news (

The professional practices of Argentine journalists reveal the multiplicity of factors that impact journalistic culture. The results of the national study for the global project Worlds of Journalism offers evidence that the type of media organization in which journalists work does not generate different working conditions or respond to alternative professional models. The results reinforce the approach that the professional culture is the result of the interaction between personal values and the guidelines of organizations and companies. In this sense, the study of the professional culture of journalism needs to be approached from a multidimensional perspective that includes the study of legal frameworks, trade union protection, organizational guidelines and accepted ethical parameters.As práticas profissionais dos jornalistas argentinos mostram a diversidade de fatores que impactam na cultura jornalística. Os dados nacionais da pesquisa como parte do projeto global Worlds of Journa...

e Ceará), procurando evidenciar se a economia gaúcha acompanha a economia nacional, no que se refere às mudanças da estrutura do produto e ao ritmo de sua expansão. Para descrever o movimento da economia gaúcha de 1980 aos dias de hoje, a pesquisa deverá apontar quais as mudanças ocorridas na estrutura do produto regional e quais as fontes de dinamismo que impulsionaram o crescimento econômico no período. (FAPERGS/IC).

Spor, günümüzde ekonomi, aile, eğitim, din ve daha birçok sosyal kurumla etkileşim halinde olan bir olgudur. Bu etkileşimler spora karşı ilginin ve katılımın artmasını sağlamaktadır. Refah seviyesi yüksek olan ülkeler, politikaları içerisinde spora daha çok yer vermekte, kitleler ise her geçen gün spora daha fazla yönelim göstermektedir. Spor kulüpleri, sporun kitlelere yayılmasını sağlayan en önemli kurumlardan biridir. Bununla birlikte, spor kulüpleri gençlerin boş zamanlarını ilgi ve yetenekleri doğrultusunda değerlendirmelerini sağlayan eğitsel, sanatsal, kültürel ve bilimsel çalışmalarının yanı sıra spor yarışmaları ile sportif eğitim çalışmalarını da kapsamaktadır. Spor kulüpleri, sporun hem profesyonel hem de amatör olarak gözlemlenebildiği bir yapıya sahiptir. Sporun uygun ortamlarda yapılabilmesi, yaygınlaştırabilmesi ve devamlılığı için spor kulüplerinin en doğru şekilde yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, doküman analizi metodu kullanılarak spor kulüplerinin yönetimine ilişkin bir model önerisi tasarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çevik yönetim modeli, temel anlamda değişen koşullar karşısında işlere hızlıca adapte olmayı, işleri çabuk ve etkin bir şekilde yönetmeyi hedefleyen bir model olarak ifade edilebilir. Çevik yönetim modeli, spor kulüpleri yönetiminde uygulanabilir niteliktedir.

Özet: Bu makalede Habermas'ın idealize ettiği 18. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan "burjuva kamusal alanının" , 19. yüzyıl ve 20. yüzyılda geçirdiği dönüşüm bağlamında yazılı basının geçirdiği değişim irdelenmiştir. 19. yüzyılda yazılı basın ticarileşmiş ve yeni okur olan daha geniş kitlelere seslenmiştir. 20.yüzyılda ise yazılı basına ek olarak bir kültür endüstrisinden bahsetmeyi haklı çıkaracak ölçüde sinema, radyo ve televizyon alternatifkamusal alanların oluşma zeminini hazırlamıştır. Bu oluşan yeni kamusal alan ortamı olan kitle iletişim araçları, Habermas 'ın ideal bulduğu 18. yüzyıl burjuva kamusal alanından içerik olarak farklılaşmıştır. Hatta Habermas'a göre 19. yüzyılda ve 20. yüzyılda kamusal alan yok olmuştur. Ancak Habermas'ın ideal bulduğu 18. yüzyıl burjuva kamusal alanı da eğitimli ve mülkiyetli bireylere ait olası ve farklı gruplara kapalı olması gibi nedenlerle eleştirilmektedir. Bazı yazarlara göre 19. ve 20. yüzyılda kamusal alan yok olmamış, aksine çoklaşmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Kamusal alan, yazılı basın, popüler basın, serbest zaman, fikir basını, magazinelleşme.

This was a long, intensive process, so I would like to acknowledge my family, especially my Dad, for helping me through these times. I would also like to acknowledge Dr. Rob Rabe, for without his knowledge of the subject and the use of his books, none of this would have been possible.

Il contributo esamina il ruolo della natura nel Piacere nei termini di una predisposizione analogica e antinaturalistica esaltata dall’autobiografismo e dalla consapevolezza tecnico-espressiva. Nell’ambito di questa configurazione testuale si osserva la particolare corrispondenza degli elementi floreali con il tema della vita sentimentale e sessuale del protagonista Andrea Sperelli, che rimanderebbe a un dissidio tra spiritualità e carnalità in d’Annunzio. Per l’aspetto panico e catartico, evidente nella raffigurazione del mare a Schifanoia, si propone all’attenzione l’affinità con l’opera del regista Paolo Sorrentino, sostenuta in studi recenti.

This special issue focuses on contemporary environmental journalism in the African context. It examines journalism as it is practised within African nations, offering a lens through which to understand the developing reporting of both new and established environmental problems. Recognised here is that certain environmental problems are visible in specific African national contexts and that these are reported according to unique African national media infrastructures. This backdrop helps to understand the subsequent ‘domestication’/‘localisation’ of environmental issues (see Matthews Citation2016) in this context, or in short, the when, how and even if environmental problems are reported.

Análise historiográfica do papel do rádio do Rio Grande do Sul durante a enchente de 2024. Considera a vigência  da  fase  histórica  de  convergência  (Ferraretto,  2012)  e  a  consolidação  crescente  do  processo  de  hibridização (Ferraretto, 2024). Constata que as emissoras forneceram conteúdos informativos, interpretativos,  opinativos  e  utilitários  (Melo;  Assis,  2010).  Aventa  a  possibilidade  de  que,  ao  fazê-lo, tenham compensado, em parte, a ausência de planejamento em relação ao gerenciamento de crises (Lima, 2020; Oliveira,  2007),  à  comunicação  governamental  e  à  comunicação  pública  (Duarte,  2011).  Em  um  contexto  de  carência de energia elétrica e de sinal de internet, destaca a importância do telefone celular, na produção e transmissão de conteúdo, e do aparelho de rádio transistorizado e à pilha, na sua recepção. Para compreender tais iniciativas em um contexto de crise climática, lança mão da economia política da comunicação (Mosco, 1996) e, em especial, da história das instituições (Schudson, 1993).