Historical Narratives

目前学界有两种章学诚学术的晚清接受史叙事。一种由胡适提出， 认为章学诚学术在晚清遭到埋没，直到被内藤湖南和自己发现；另一种认为章学诚对部分晚清学人产生了影响，表明他的学术已被发现和接受。两者可以被分别称为“ 不连续性” 叙事与“ 连续性” 叙事。但是，章学诚著述在晚清的流传和受阅表明“ 不连续性” 叙事存在事实上的缺陷， “ 连续性” 叙事则面临思想影响的实质性问题。无论哪种叙事，它们都非单纯的事实判断，而是涉及对清代学术的价值评价，并与不同时代的学术热点发生耦合。这一接受史叙事的案例研究表明，历史叙事不仅陈述事实知识，还传递思想观念，与时代思潮形成呼应。

Armed conflict between the Communist Party of Thailand (CPT) and the military of Thailand in northern Thailand began in mid-1967. By the end of the 1960s, there were a number of CPT stronghold bases in the remote uplands of Northern Thailand. Large numbers of ethnic Hmong and Lua people joined the CPT, and the CPT strongholds were in areas where these groups had previously lived. During the 1970s, once the strongholds were established, the CPT organized a small project on the history of ethnic groups that had not been reported on so far. Led by a scholar formerly from Bangkok and involving ethnic Hmong and ethnic Lua men, the project was expected to collect, compile, and analyze ethnic group histories and create a written history in Central Thai language. While the project was never completed-and no documents appear to have survived from it-the Hmong man who worked on the project has provided an oral account of what happened, one that reveals some aspects of CPT political thought, particularly in relation to ideas about ethnic minority histories. The main argument here is that the CPT, as with other communist regimes in Asia, saw ethnic harmony as important for its broader political project, and tried to enhance good relations through the development of a politically acceptable history that would also fit with Hmong and Lua expectations. The paper contributes to a better understanding of the CPT's approach to ethnicity issues.

The history of education in Afghanistan is influenced by complex social, political, and cultural factors, with a specific focus on the education of the marginalized Hazara minority. Despite their rich history, Hazaras have faced discrimination due to cultural and religious differences, hindering their access to quality education. This study delves into their educational journey, analyzing primary and secondary sources, government records, interviews, and scholarly articles. It traces Hazaras' education evolution from the late 19th century to the present, highlighting the challenges posed by political and social dynamics. The research sheds light on the struggles of the Hazara community to overcome discrimination, advocating for equity in education through Hazara-led initiatives and policy advocacy. Despite historic hardships, Hazaras have strived for education, contributing to various fields. Nonetheless, they still face educational challenges due to factors like scarce resources, unbalanced policies, and racial discrimination. The study underscores the importance of targeted policies and research for achieving educational equity, emphasizing the ongoing struggle for inclusion and quality education.

The historical evolution of India has been shaped by complex socioeconomic and political transformations over centuries. This paper examines the key phases in India's history, analyzing how historical narratives have influenced economic structures, political systems, and cultural identities. Through a systematic review of historical sources and scholarly research, the study explores major historical milestones, including ancient trade systems, colonialism, independence, and post-independence reforms. The paper highlights the interplay between economic policies and political ideologies while addressing the role of cultural heritage in shaping national identity. The findings provide insights into India's development trajectory and its influence on contemporary global dynamics.

Franjo Tuđman (14. svibnja 1922. – 10. prosinca 1999.) s punim se pravom u suvremenoj hrvatskoj povijesti promatra kao državnik koji je epohalno obilježio razdoblje utemeljenja suvremene hrvatske države, i to u značenju onoga conditio sine qua non, odnosno kao ključnoga čimbenika bez kojega bi do apsolutne obrane potpune neovisnosti i teritorijalnoga integriteta hrvatske nacionalne države bilo gotovo nemoguće doći. Idejne podloge razvoja svijesti državnika poput Tuđmana, kao i temeljne pretpostavke njegova svjetonazora, uvijek se ponajbolje ogledaju u njegovim stavovima o čovjekovu hodu kroz povijest kao domeni djelovanja živih ideja i duhovnih stremljenja. Sva Tuđmanova filozofijska promišljanja moraju biti promatrana kroz prizmu utemeljenosti na realističnoj spoznaji koja to uistinu može biti tek onda kada je provjerena na povijesnom iskustvu. Nastojeći postići ravnovjesje između apsolutnoga pesimizma i radikalnoga optimizma, Tuđman se opredjeljuje za racionalni realizam utemeljen u svim poukama povijesti do kojih je čovječanstvo kroz svoj mukotrpni put „bespućima povijesne zbiljnosti“ došlo.

Nato nell'Ottocento, il mito del brigante è sopravvissuto al passare dei secoli e persino al cambio di millennio. Questo libro ne indaga le trasformazioni nella cultura e nella società di massa, a partire dalle tante questioni identitarie che vi si sono rispecchiate e dai molteplici supporti mediatici con cui è stato veicolato. Dai fumetti alle canzoni, dalle fotografie ai percorsi turistici, dalle piattaforme internet ai festival locali, dai musei alle serie TV: una panoramica di briganti extra-vaganti in 8 capitoli, per riflettere sugli usi, i riusi e i revival del passato

Празднование 80 лет победы над нацистской Германией Россия намерена превратить в демонстрацию мощи в своей захватнической войне с Украиной. Как праздник победы над нацизмом превратился в главный козырь путинской России, а победа над нацизмом стала частью фашистской мифологии? Как миф о "геноциде советского народа" связан с Холокостом и геноцидом армян? Что такое "еврофашизм" и при чем тут Средневековье? Как эмоциональное переживание истории отвлекает россиян о реальности? Зачем Путин 40 минут читал Такеру Карлсону лекцию про Рюриковичей и печенегов? Об этом поратлу Delfi рассказал российский историк в изгнании Константин Пахалюк.

A tanulmány az OTKA/NKFIH 104630. számú, A magyar kapcsolatok és minták jelentősége a horvát illír mozgalom fejlődéstörténetében című pályázat keretén belül készült. Társkutatóm e munkában és a projekt kedvezményezettje a tragikusan fiatalon elhunyt Kálecz-Simon Orsolya volt. A dolgozat korábbi közös gondolkodásunk és munkánk eredményeit foglalja össze.

Европске интеграције допринеле су и развоју нове политике историје у Европи . После Другог светског рата на мултилатералном нивоу и у различитим установама представници европских земаља покушавали су да пронађу одговарајуће оквире истраживања европске прошлости . Међутим, и поред напора да се прошлост сагледа у ширим и заједничким оквирима, у билатералним односима европских земаља историја се и даље користи у политичке сврхе. Циљ овога рада јесте да укаже најпре, како на досадашњу појединачну праксу политике прошлости у европским институцијама, тако и на поједина отворена историјска питања у билатералним односима држава-чланица ЕУ . Поред тога, указано је на стање политичких спорова међу западнобалканским земљама (Србији, Албанији, Северној Македонији, Црној Гори и Босни и Херцеговини), који се заснивају на различитим тумачењима (заједничке) прошлости. Имајући у виду општи успон деснице у Европи и њених националних наратива, покушали смо да на крају текста укажемо и на могуће заједничке тачке, поготово личности, које би, као национални хероји, могле да представљају интегративну спону у политички разједињеном региону

The book analyses several segments of the historical memory of Georgians. The special attention is paid to the problem of representation of history. On the base of ethnographic and historical sources some ethnological aspects of history representation are revealed. This is an ethnological work. The data are collected by the use of field-ethnographic research methods and are correlated to the already existed data of scientific literature and sources. The century-long development of Georgian national culture reveals the facts of representation of history. The factor of the representation in the being of the Georgians is evident and still functioning. The cultural/historical levels of memory in Georgia were existed for the long periods of time and their vivid nature resulted the various aspects of traditional worldview, which are active nowadays. The historical narratives collected in the Georgian environment, often are out of the historical space and time, anachronisms are met as well, but this is natural, as the collective memory is characterized by the tendencies of for getting or in the other cases, actualization and exaggeration of the certain and individual characteristics. The historical memory preserves only the main and essentially important facts according to the demand of the time. The import ant for the society historical narratives are translated from the generation to generation and are turned into the organic part of the everyday life: sometimes several narratives are synthesized; sometimes the historical fact is covered by the mythological images. The book consists the introductory part, and seven chapters.

This paper delves into the historical and contemporary significance of the Kearl Oil Sands Project in Alberta, Canada, through the lens of familial ancestry. As a direct descendant of the Kearl family, the author explores the journey of immigration and homesteading, revealing the deep-rooted connections to the land and the impact of the oil sands project on the environment and community. The study documents the emotional and ethical challenges faced by the author, offering a critical analysis of the project's legacy and proposing a path forward for addressing its environmental and social implications.

Choć XIX-wieczny Teksas kojarzy się nam dzisiaj głównie z ropą na ową, kowbojami czy Indianami, to nie powinniśmy zapominać o silnym wpływie, jaki na jego rozwój w tamtym czasie wywarli Ślązacy. Nim jednak przybyli do Teksasu, dotarli tam Hiszpanie. Po odkryciu Ameryki przez Krzysztofa Kolumba w 1492 r. kolejne ekspedycje coraz śmielej eksplorowały Nowy Świat. Jedną z nich dowodził hiszpański konkwistador i kartograf Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, któremu w 1519 r. hiszpański gubernator Jamajki Francisco de Garay zlecił zbadanie północnych wybrzeży Zatoki Meksykańskiej. Jego podróż zaowocowała odkryciem nowych ziem, w tym Teksasu, który wkrótce stał się posiadłością hiszpańską. W 1821 r. Teksas został prowincją Meksyku, a w 1836 r., w wyniku rewolucji teksańskiej, zyskał status niezależnej republiki. W roku 1845 został przyłączony do Stanów Zjednoczonych, wówczas też rozpoczął się masowy napływ europejskich osadników, wśród których od 1854 r. znajdowali się także emigranci ze Śląska. Druga połowa XIX w. to czas wzmożonej emigracji Ślązaków, a jednocześnie okres intensywnego rozwoju gospodarczego Teksasu, ale także nawiedzających go klęsk żywiołowych, wojny secesyjnej i konfliktów z Indianami. W roku 1856 nastąpił koniec masowego napływu Ślązaków, choć w dalszym ciągu zdarzały się pojedyncze przypadki. Zahamowaniu wyjazdów sprzyjała stopniowa poprawa warunków ekonomicznych na Górnym Śląsku, będąca efektem rozwoju przemysłu i pojawienia się nowych możliwości zarobkowych. Z drugiej strony do przenoszenia się nad Zatokę Meksykańską zniechęcały informacje o klęskach żywiołowych w Teksasie, tamtejszym kryzysie giełdowym z 1857 r. i pojawienie się nastrojów antyimigracyjnych.

How to Write a Biography: A Beginner’s Guide is a comprehensive resource for those looking to explore biographical writing, covering every step from initial research to publishing and promoting a completed work. With a practical and accessible approach, the book guides readers through each essential stage of creating a professional biography.

Through a combination of the methods of theoretical review and historical-narrative analysis, this study seeks to unveil the main catalysts of the Turkish Revolution by addressing its structural and subjective dynamics in tandem. The literature lacks a theoretically-guided and systematic study of the Turkish Revolution, which marked its centenary in 2023—a significant gap that this paper seeks to fill. The article also contributes to the broader field of revolution studies by presenting an integrated framework that transcends the current fragmented state of prevailing theories. Based on a critical synthesis of revolution theories, the first part of our empirical analysis focuses on the structural dynamics underpinning the Turkish Revolution, with special emphasis on two chief factors: administrative and socio-economic breakdown. Demonstrating that the mere existence of class-structural strains and mass grievances does not automatically trigger revolutionary action, the second part reveals how the Revolution unfolded through a convergence of mediating factors associated with collective agency, namely leadership and ideational dynamics.

Вниманию читателей предлагается сборник статей, посвященных проблемам исторической памяти и преподавания военной истории. Авторы анализируют российский и зарубежный опыт, концентрируя внимание как непосредственно на содержании учебников, так и на других видах учебной деятельности. В основу сборника легли материалы «круглого стола» «Военная история в школьных учебниках России и зарубежья: трансформация подходов в эпоху глобализации», организованного 11 октября 2018 г. Российским военно-историческим обществом и Институтом истории и политики МПГУ при поддержке издательской корпорации «Российский учебник» и журнала «Преподавание истории в школе».

The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity is the latest book published by David Graeber (anthropologist, 1961-2020) and David Wengrow (archaeologist, 1972-) at the end of 2021, aiming to retold human history from an innovative perspective. The authors began with indigenous critiques and revisited the social evolutionary discourses since the Enlightenment. “Savages” together with prehistoric people, who are often projected as “the others” in our geography of imagination, have self-conscious political interests and reflective abilities, just like us. All the diverse social arrangements in history cannot be simplified as several “stages” based on modes of subsistence or “social complexity”. After tearing down the evolutionary framework which focused on “civilizations” or “states”, the book demonstrated egalitarian cases and oppressive systems can both be found within hunter-gatherers, farmers and urban residents, regardless of population scales. Based on multiple examples from archaeology and ethnography, the authors emphasized the will of mankind to pursue ideal socio-political lives in history, as well as human imagination and freedom, not restricted by environments or technologies. Aside from summarizing the content of the book, this essay also recognizes that the reevaluations on Enlightenment ideologies and the stereotypes of “savages” help decolonize archaeology. The most valuable part of the book is to broaden our imagination of past power relationships, promote different academic inquiries, and remind us of the present values and critiquing powers of historical knowledge. As for possible weaknesses, several details were ignored, and certain descriptions were unsophisticated under the metanarrative held in the book. In addition, it is also defective that there are inadequate discussions on “non-humans” such as plants, animals, technologies, or climates. 《万物的黎明：人类新史》(台版翻譯：《萬事揭曉》)(Graeber, David & David Wengrow (2021), The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity, London: Allen Lane)是人类学家大卫‧格雷伯(David Graeber, 1961-2020)和考古学者大卫‧温格罗(David Wengrow, 1972-) 2021年年底出版的新书，旨在从崭新的角度诉说人类大历史。两位作者从原住民批判开头，反省启蒙运动以来社会进化论主导的叙事，强调“野蛮人”与史前人，这些想象地理学中的“他者”，事实上和“我们”一样具备自觉的政治兴趣和反省能力。古今各种复杂的社会制度，不能简单以生业模式或“复杂”程度化约为若干“阶段”来理解。在拆解掉以文明或国家为核心的进化论史观后，该书呈现各式狩猎采集人群、农业社会还是城市群体，不管人口规模的大小，都能找到平等的例子，也都可见存在压迫制度的社会。作者援引大量考古学和民族学案例，强调历史上人们追求理想政治社会生活的决心，以及不被特定环境或技术框限的想象力和自由。 本文除了摘要该书内容，更肯定其对启蒙意识形态和“野蛮人”刻板印象的反思，有助于考古学研究的解殖民；也认为该书最大的意义在于拓展有关过去权力关系的想象力，提醒我们历史知识的当代意义和批判价值。至于该书的不足之处则在大叙事的眼光下，难免有材料处理不够细致的地方，部分描绘较粗糙，另一方面对动植物、技术、气候等“非人”也没有投以足够的关注，是比较可惜之处。

This paper investigates the intricacies of crafting historical narratives within secondary school textbooks in Afghanistan throughout the past century. Employing critical discourse analysis, the study scrutinizes five compelling examples illuminating the complex interplay between historiography, political ideologies, and artistic subjectivity in shaping students’ conception of national identity. The first case centers on the invention of fictional historical figures like Amir Kror that link Afghan lineage to powerful dynasties, but lack scholarly rigor and threaten social cohesion.
Second, the analysis explores identity distortions woven into textbook images that portray figures like Genghis Khan with distinctly Afghan features, blurring historical accuracy. Third, it highlights methodological limitations and potential regional biases that cloud academic debates on the origins of dynasties like the Kartids. Fourth, the construction of demographic averages regarding ethnicity and religion without empirical basis raises concerns about perpetuating damaging stereotypes. Finally, the ubiquitous name “Afghanistan” itself reveals imbalanced emphases on particular eras, shaping modern conceptions of nationhood. Collectively, these five examples underscore the need for responsible scholarship and factual precision in history education to foster authentic engagement with
Afghanistan’s rich and diverse heritage. As the curriculum shapes students’ notions of identity and selfhood, commitment to academic accountability and balanced historiography becomes essential to
nurturing inclusive discourse and national cohesion.

This document contains a list of book publications, articles, and book reviews by Helmut Eimer (1936-2023).
An obituary of Helmut Eimer has been published in "Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft", Band 174.1 (2024), pp. 13-18.

Представляем Вашему вниманию второй сборник, посвященный проблемам преподавания военной истории в России и за рубежом. В него вошли материалы по итогам одноименной всероссийской научно-практической конференции, состоявшейся 14 октября 2019 г. Сборник объединяет статьи историков, социологов, политологов, философов, методистов и школьных учителей, рассматривающих различные аспекты преподавания военной истории и изучающих как российский, так и зарубежный опыт.

This commentary explores how Obradović (2017) links historical myths as mediators of stability between the past and the future, when confronting the challenges of legitimising present political actions in Serbia, to build a more secure national identity in the modern world. Using a dialogical approach that encompasses the interdependency of the foundational myth of the Battles of Kosovo in the 14th C with social representations of present day political understanding, the challenges of creating such a national identity are unearthed and discussed. The thema of victimhood-resilience, highlighted by Obradović as a symbol for a lingering attachment to the past into an unknown future, is unpacked to reveal how the desired social change and its accompanying sense of nationhood is susceptible to present day forces not only within Serbia, but also beyond its national borders. Keywords National identity. social representations. themata. myths. narratives 'When one researches the national identity, one needs to ask not whether these identities are true or false, but what is their function in society, and whose reactions they are, and whose interests these identities serve?' (Reicher and Hopkins 2001, p10). This quote serves as a base from which to explore Obradović's (2017) research paper that stresses the importance of a sense of continuity of identity processes for creating a sense of collective stability during times of conflict, upheaval and radical change. In particular, I am interested in the relationship between the top down and bottom up discourses as to how Serbian political elites have used lingering myths from the past in order to serve a preferred

Italia nel mese di novembre 2023 da Rubbettino print per conto di Rubbettino Editore srl 88049 Soveria Mannelli (Catanzaro) www.rubbettinoprint.it Ignazio Veca La Vergine e il brigante. Un ex-voto del XVII secolo 2 Roberta Falcetta Destreggiarsi tra malavita e giustizia. Una denuncia anonima settecentesca 3 Gianluca Albergoni Vita e morti del bandito Giuseppe Mastrilli di Terracina 4 Giulio Tatasciore Quel genio di Schiller. Briganti, sublime e libertà 5 Francesca Fausta Gallo Armi e corpi di reato 6 Francesca Fausta Gallo Identificare il brigante 7 Sandro Morachioli Imputati alla sbarra. Il ritratto della banda Spadolino di Bartolomeo Pinelli 8 55 Giuseppe Perelli «Progetti infernali». Una patente carbonara 9 59 Giulio Tatasciore Cose dell'altro mondo. Le collezioni di criminali celebri 10 63 Enrico Francia Barbe di briganti e patrioti 11 67 Maddalena Carli Nell'atelier di un pittore romantico

Italia nel mese di novembre 2023 da Rubbettino print per conto di Rubbettino Editore srl 88049 Soveria Mannelli (Catanzaro) www.rubbettinoprint.it Ignazio Veca La Vergine e il brigante. Un ex-voto del XVII secolo 2 Roberta Falcetta Destreggiarsi tra malavita e giustizia. Una denuncia anonima settecentesca 3 Gianluca Albergoni Vita e morti del bandito Giuseppe Mastrilli di Terracina 4 Giulio Tatasciore Quel genio di Schiller. Briganti, sublime e libertà 5 Francesca Fausta Gallo Armi e corpi di reato 6 Francesca Fausta Gallo Identificare il brigante 7 Sandro Morachioli Imputati alla sbarra. Il ritratto della banda Spadolino di Bartolomeo Pinelli 8 55 Giuseppe Perelli «Progetti infernali». Una patente carbonara 9 59 Giulio Tatasciore Cose dell'altro mondo. Le collezioni di criminali celebri 10 63 Enrico Francia Barbe di briganti e patrioti 11 67 Maddalena Carli Nell'atelier di un pittore romantico

В статье анализируются новейшие тенденции развития западной исторической науки: в 2000-х годах историография совершает поворот от микроистории к макроистории, возвращая темы всемирной, или глобальной истории, оставленной еще в 1960-х гг. Рассматриваются факторы, повлиявшие на «пространственный поворот» западной историографии, и основные векторы исследований, осуществляющихся под маркой всемирной истории. Цель: охарактеризовать направление исследований, сложившиеся в начале ХХI века под эгидой «пространственного поворота» западной историографии Метод или методология проведения работы: компаративный, историко-типологический. Результаты Охарактеризован «пространственный поворот» современной западной историографии, который привел к формированию новых направлений исследований в области всемирной истории. Область применения результатов: научные исследования и подготовка учебных пособий в области историографии и методологии истории. Ключевые слова: историография, методология истории, глобальная история, универсальная история, перекрестная история, глобализация. © Современные исследования социальных проблем (электронный научный журнал), №9(17), 2012  www.sisp.nkras.ru «SPATIAL TURN» OF THE CONTEMPORARY WESTERN HISTORIOGRAPHY: FACES OF THE WORLD HISTORY DURING THE GLOBALIZATION ERA Trubnikova N.V. The author analyzes the newest tendencies of the western historical scholarship development: in the 2000th the historiography makes turn from microhistory to macrohistory, returning subjects of world or the global history left still in the 1960th. The factors which have affected on western historiography «spatial turn», and the principal vectors of the researches which are carrying out under brand of a world history are considered. Purpose: to characterize the direction of the researches developed at the beginning of the XXI century under aegis of western historiography «spatial turn» Methodology: historical typology, comparative Results: Contemporary western historiography «spatial turn» which led to formation of the new directions of researches in the field of a world history is characterized.

УДК 930.1 «ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЙ ПОВОРОТ» СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ЗАПАДНОЙ ИСТОРИОГРАФИИ: ЛИКИ ВСЕМИРНОЙ ИСТОРИИ В ЭПОХУ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ Трубникова Н.В. В статье анализируются новейшие тенденции развития западной исторической науки: в 2000-х годах историография совершает поворот от микроистории к макроистории, возвращая темы всемирной, или глобальной истории, оставленной еще в 1960-х гг. Рассматриваются факторы, повлиявшие на «пространственный поворот» западной историографии, и основные векторы исследований, осуществляющихся под маркой всемирной истории. Цель: охарактеризовать направление исследований, сложившиеся в начале ХХI века под эгидой «пространственного поворота» западной историографии Метод или методология проведения работы: компаративный, историко-типологический. Результаты Охарактеризован «пространственный поворот» современной западной историографии, который привел к формированию новых направлений исследований в области всемирной истории. Область применения результатов: научные исследования ...

Virkailija vetää viivan paksun luettelonsa sivun 5B rivin 51 alle, sillä kirjattavana on jäljellä enää yksi asunnon 16 vuokralaisesta. On aamupäivä, ja hän on joutunut odottamaan hetken viimeisen asukkaan, kiireisen keski-ikäisen miehen, saapumista. Virkailija on jo kuullut muilta asukkailta, että mies on pian saamassa valmiiksi kirjan: Kyseessä on varmaankin hänen työpöydällään näkyvä sinikantinen teos. Tavan mukaisten kohteliaisuuksien ja smalltalkin jälkeen he istuutuvat väestönlaskentalaissa määriteltyjä kysymyksiä varten. Virkailija varmistaa vielä kerran kuulleensa miehen nimen oikein, ja aloittaa rivin 51: Alioshin Demitri. Alivuokralainen. Mies. Valkoinen. On mahdotonta sanoa, miten tuon päivän tapahtumat tarkalleen etenivät, mutta selvää on, että vähän tunnetun Asian Odysseyn vielä vähemmän tunnettu kirjoittaja, mikäli Yhdysvaltain vuoden 1940 väestönlaskennan asiakirjaa on uskominen, asui Kaliforniassa. 1 Vielä samana vuonna New Yorkilainen kustantamo Henry Holt & Co. julkaisi hänen kirjansa. Seuraavana vuonna myös lontoolainen Cassel julkaisi painoksen Britanniassa. Tämä noin 330-sivuinen omaelämäkerrallinen seikkailukertomus, josta ei puutu väkivalta eikä läheltä piti-tilanteet, on myös täynnä "idän eksotiikkaa" ja eläviä kuvauksia Siperian, Mantšurian ja Mongolian luonnosta ja elämästä. Aivan kuin länsimaisen kirjallisuuden kulmakivessä Odysseiassa, myös Asian Odysseyssa matkanteko, vaaratilanteet ja myös viekkaat juonet ovat keskeisessä roolissa. Erityinen kantava teema, jonka Alioshin tuo esille jo aivan kirjan alussa, on pakeneminen, tarkemmin pakeneminen "kansan raivolta". 2 Historioitsijalle kirja on ollut ennen kaikkea arvokas lähde Venäjän sisällissodan tapahtumista Kaukoidässä valkoisen harbininvenäläisen upseerin näkökulmasta. Tutkimuskirjallisuudessa Alioshin on yleensä ollut sivuhenkilön roolissa: vain silmäpari, joka sattuu tekemään havaintoja häntä itseään suuremmista ilmiöistä ja jonka näkemykset ovat ilmentyneet lähinnä yksittäisinä

Статья посвящена нарративно-конструктивистскому анализу исторической памяти об Отцах-основателях в США. Для достижения поставленной цели в статье были выполнены определенные исследовательские задачи. Во-первых, нация была рассмотрена в качестве нарративного сообщества, скрепленного определенными рассказами о народе, его культуре, прошлом, настоящем и будущем. Во-вторых, были обозначены различия между историческим знанием (знанием, полученным при помощи методов исторического исследования) и исторической памятью (коллективным представлением о прошлом, отражающем ценностно-нормативные конвенции в обществе). В-третьих, были определены место, содержание и функции исторического нарратива об Отцах-основателях в национальной памяти США. Если говорить конкретнее, то данный нарратив отражает универсальную архетипичную мифологему «золотого поколения», которая присутствует в самых разных национальных культурах. Он выполняет функции легитимации и релятивизации социального порядка (путем создания связи с грандиозным прошлым и в то же время разрыва с ним), а также функцию регуляции поведения индивидов (за счет создания образца гражданской добродетели). В-четвертых, была выявлена связь между американским национальным повествованием и протестантской традицией, составляющей основу гражданской религии США. Автор отстаивает идею, что данная связь предопределила «религиозный стиль» национального повествования в США. В-пятых, национальный нарратив об Отцах-основателях был рассмотрен в контексте исторического ревизионизма, призванного сегодня восстановить историческую справедливость путем демифологизации национального прошлого. Были также выявлены предпосылки данного исторического ревизионизма: академическая институционализация новых дисциплин в 1960-е (например, история женщин, история чернокожих и т.д.). Это позволило определить актуальную динамику и идеологическую ориентацию нарративных практик в американском обществе.

In this article, I conduct a contextual analysis of transhumanist conceptions of posthuman futures. Focusing on cryonics, nanotechnology, and artificial superintelligence technological projects through a study of primarily American sources from the 1960s onward, I identify three distinct conceptualizations of the posthuman future: Promethean, spontaneous, and scalar. I argue that transhumanists envision posthumanity as resulting from a transition that involves both continuity and radical change. Although these three posthuman futures appear to share an interest in predicting a superior "cosmic" realization of human destiny, they involve distinct "liberal" conceptions of historical agency. These include the unlimited individual liberty of the technologized self, the knowledge-ordering properties of the market, and the rational aggregation of individual interests over the long term. I locate these heterogeneous and partly conflicting conceptions of historical agency in the context of the postwar crisis and remaking of liberalism's future. I argue that transhumanist ideas about the transition toward a more-than-human or beyond-human future are best understood as manifesting a wide range of attempts at thinking about horizons of unprecedented change within the terms of postwar liberal projects. Ultimately, transhumanist futures shed light on the multiplicity of political temporalities that are required for thinking and writing stories about unprecedented futures.

This article is part of the Iterations: Historical Futures series edited by Zoltán Boldizsár Simon and Marek Tamm

The article analyses the collective representation of war narratives in the Russian social network VKontakte in the context of the problems of national self-consciousness and national identity. The material for the study was extracted by automated methods using the VKontakte open API. It amounts to 332,781 unique posts from open historical communities from January 1, 2020 to May 9, 2022. Using the PolyAnalyst platform, the authors found out that the word “war” is the most frequent and most significant (the metric takes into account the average frequency of a word in all texts) in this text collection. A sample of texts with the word “war” (49,736 posts) was subjected to additional analysis with a set of NLP methods to study key narratives and semantic connections. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the principles and approaches of modern narratology and the history of memory. The analysis of social media big data has confirmed that the dramatic historical fate of Russia, as a natural consequence of the factors of vast territory, extended borders, and abundance of natural resources, has shaped the mentality of Russians to be always ready for war. Thematic clustering of texts has confirmed the dominance of the practices of commemoration of the Great Patriotic War, reflected the etatism and etacratism of the Russian consciousness, demonstrated public attention to representations of war in art and science, and discovered the “trench truth” block and its place in the collective war representations. Narratives are often rich in details and facts, pragmatism, prosaic and rationalism. Empirical material confirms that the 20th century certainly occupies a special significance in the memory of Russians about wars. The authors comment on the rating of references to wars in the studied text collection and indicate the opposition of the Great Patriotic War to the Second World War, and the Patriotic War of 1812 to the Napoleonic Wars of the early 19th century. Some attention is also given to the issues of information wars in the modern world. The presented war narrative is of interest as the foundation of the “collective imaginary”, on the basis of which the prospects and critical boundaries of the image of the future are constructed.

В качестве объекта изучения для данной статьи выбрана система функционирования театральной системы Венгрии. В первой части статьи содержатся общие вопросы, связанные со сложившейся моделью театральной деятельности. Далее делается обзор современного венгерского законодательства области культуры – особое внимание уделено структуре и содержанию Закона XCIX/2008 «О поддержке и правилах трудовой занятости в организациях исполнительского искусства». В следующей части статьи рассматриваются все механизмы прямой и косвенной финансовой поддержки театральных организаций, которые существуют и развиваются в стране на сегодняшний день. Ввиду сходства театральных систем Венгрии и России в заключительной части работы проведен анализ возможного использования опыта венгерских коллег для развития институтов дополнительного финансирования российских театров.

р.ю. сабанчеев* конЦеПЦия «мест Памяти» Пьера нора как сПособ исторической реконструкЦии** В статье рассматривается концепция «мест памяти» французского историка Пьера Нора. Автор рассуждает о том, что способ исторической реконструкции, предложенный Нора, позволяет иначе взглянуть на многие факты прошлого, очистить их от мифологизации и излишней политизации, а также переосмыслить проблемы коллективной памяти, роль личности в истории и значение исторических событий в ее существовании. Ключевые слова: историческая реконструкция, коллективная память, места памяти, Пьер Нора, Морис Хальбвакс, Патрик Хаттон, школа «Анналов» Pierre Nora's concept of «sites of memory» as a method of historical reconstruction. rUSTAM yu. SABANCHeeV (State Academic University of Humanities) The article considers the concept of «sites of memory» of the French historian Pierre Nora. The author argues that the method of historical reconstruction developed by P. Nora allows us to look at many facts of the past in a different way, to clear them of mythologization and excessive politicization, and to rethink the problems of collective memory, the role of the individual in history and the significance of historical events in its existence.

O ensaio “Sobre a escrita de ficção especulativa” (“On the Writing of Speculative Fiction”), de Robert A. Heinlein, integra a coletânea Of Worlds Beyond: The Science of Science-Fiction Writing, publicada em 1947. O livro reúne sete autores de ficção científica que dissertam sobre a ciência e a arte de escrever. Em seu texto, além de introduzir conceitos, temas e autores, Heinlein oferece sugestões básicas e importantes sobre a escrita de ficção científica de melhor qualidade, dicas que variam da caracterização de personagens à ambientação da narrativa, além do cumprimento das teorias científicas. Embora tenham sido destinadas à escrita de ficção especulativa, as sugestões se aplicam a qualquer tipo de escrita ficcional.

Speaking about crises and their forecasting is always a thankless task. On the one hand, the researcher will receive a lot of criticism from experts in crisis management, economists and analysts. On the other hand, it will find itself in the crossfire of colleagues from related sciences for appropriating and simplifying theories of social and political crises. The processes of digitalization and the emergence of media didactics have led to qualitative changes in the creation and distribution of textbooks, made school knowledge a favorable environment for the formation of future crises associated with contradictions in the interpretation of historical events, the role and place of the individual in history, the construction of conflicting visual images of countries and peoples. In this regard, studies of the monitoring and prognostic function of textbooks as sources of predicting conflicts acquire a new meaning.

Quem tem medo de síntese? Ensaio sobre a escrita de um gênero histórico proscrito. Jurandir Malerba UFRGS/Brasil Who's afraid of synthesis? Essay on the writing of a oucast historical genre ¿Quién le teme a la síntesis? Ensayo sobre la escritura de un género histórico proscrito Resumo: Como gênero de escrita histórica, a síntese tem recebido sucessivos vetos e interdições desde o final da II Guerra Mundial. Aqui, sustenta-se o declínio da síntese em duas hipóteses: do ponto de vista teórico-institucional, a expansão da história social levou à adoção e proliferação de estudos de recorte monográfico; a partir dos anos 1960, o florescimento do pós-estruturalismo e seu sucedâneo, o pós-modernismo historiográfico. Após uma abordagem tópica dos fundamentos teóricos da síntese em algumas referências incontornáveis, argumenta-se em prol da viabilidade da síntese tanto como ferramenta imprescindível na oficina da história, como gênero historiográfico estratégico na comunicação com públicos ampliados, à luz da história pública. Palavras-chave: Síntese histórica; escrita histórica; teoria da história; história da historiografia contemporânea; história pública.

The Norwegian Arbeidernes leksikon, “Workers’ Encyclopedia,” was published in six volumes from 1931–1936. It was inspired by The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, explicitly aimed at working-class readers, and establishing an alternative to the hegemonic bourgeoise discourse. The editors and many of the contributors belonged to the Communist Party of Norway (NKP) and the independent communist intellectual organization Mot Dag (“Towards Dawn”). This article investigates the reception and representation of the ancient world in Arbeidernes leksikon based on selected articles through the lens of narrative theory. Classical education was traditionally the domain of the upper classes. It is argued that the Workers’ Encyclopedia demonstrates that reorienting the reception of ancient history was considered essential both to rewrite history according to Marxist doctrine and to establish workers’ culture as a full-fledged alternative to its bourgeoise counterpart. In the Workers’ Encyclopedia, the classical past is celebrated not for its empires and rulers but for the effort of the masses and their struggle for freedom.

Heimbel Jörg and Volker Caumanns. 2022. "The Ngor Court Chaplain of sDe dge: Documents Illustrating the Appointment of dPal ldan chos skyong (1702–1759)." In Christoph Cüppers, Karl-Heinz Everding, and Peter Schwieger (eds.). A Life in Tibetan Studies: Festschrift for Dieter Schuh at the Occasion of his 80th Birthday. Lumbini: Lumbini International Research Institute, pp. 239–374.

El objetivo de este artículo es proponer un instrumento para analizar el nivel de competencia narrativa del alumnado como componente clave del pensamiento histórico y social. A partir de una revisión teórica sobre las narraciones, su contenido y estructura, se propone una batería de preguntas para identificar el grado de competencia narrativa del alumnado. El marco propuesto se experimenta en 78 textos sobre la Historia de Cataluña elaborados por alumnado de 1º de la ESO y de 1º de Bachillerato de 6 centros distintos de Cataluña. Los resultados de la experimentación indican que la batería de preguntas puede servir para evaluar e investigar la competencia narrativa y para plantearnos las implicaciones educativas de las narraciones históricas del alumnadoThe aim of this paper is to analyze the role that teachers assigned to curricular requirements, establishing the relationship between these documents and everyday practice. From the interpretation of interviews with a group of teacher...

The article is devoted to the narrative-constructivist analysis of the historical memory of the Founding Fathers in the USA. To achieve this goal, specific research tasks were performed in the article. First, the nation was conceptualized as a ‘narrative community’ constructed by certain narratives about the people, their culture, past, present and future. Secondly, the differences between historical knowledge (knowledge obtained using the methods of historical research) and historical memory (a collective representation of the past that reflects the value-normative conventions in society) were identified. Thirdly, the place, content, and functions of the historical narrative of the Founding Fathers in the US national memory were determined. Specifically, this narrative reflects the universal, archetypal mythologem of the “golden generation”, which is present in a variety of national cultures. It performs the functions of legitimizing and relativizing the social order (by creating a...

This book is dedicated to my mother, Hilary, who left me with many cherished values, not least of which was a passion for history. This book is also dedicated to my wife, Julie, and my son, Carl, and daughter, Jahna, who augment my life in untold ways. And that now is sustained with my grandchildren.

During the first quarter of the 20th Century a small group of black intellectuals, artists, and musicians abandoned the United States for Paris. The rumor was that the French did not believe in racist theories – that France offered blacks social and economic opportunities not available in the States. This paper critically examines that narrative as well as North America’s melting pot legend – an expression of the promise of America made popular in 1909 by playwright Israel Zangwill. The stories that we tell about ourselves as a nation are important because our moral sentiments are frequently a product of these narratives. They influence our vision of populations and their circumstances. They serve as starting points for philosophical investigation and critical self-reflection. My intent is not to prove these stories or narratives false but rather, to illustrate how their widespread acceptance has affected people’s abilities to recognize, understand, and responsibly address compellin...

When discussing the revival of Buddhism in the late Ming Dynasty, scholars lack the study of rich local records, specific regions and typical cases. Jingshan temple in Hangzhou provides such a sample. An outstanding manifestation of Jingshan Temple in the late Ming Dynasty is the emergency of a whole bunch of annals. Different groups such as monks, magistrates, and gentry all participated in the writing of the history of Jingshan diachronically in the same space. Different versions of Jingshan Annals reveal the interweaving of historical events, trends of the times, and the wishes of various groups in distinct regions, shedding light on the development that Buddhist historical records began to involve other classics outside Buddhism instead of only focusing on Buddhist sutras. This process manifests that the revival of Buddhism in the late Ming Dynasty is also a diachronic active state achieved by the people's activities with different purposes in a specific area.