Critical Prison Studies

L’objectif de cette étude est de vérifier que le vécu de la réalité post-carcérale détermine la réinsertion socio-professionnelle des ex-détenus de la prison centrale de Yaoundé. En effet, on note une absence totale de suivi postpénal notamment l’existence des centres de replacement des détenus à leur sortie de prison. En conséquence, les anciens pensionnaires éprouvent de nombreuses difficultés à se réinsérer après leur séjour en milieu carcéral. Ces lacunes témoignent d’une forme de dissonance cognitive entre les textes et le contexte. Sur le plan méthodologique, la recherche a adopté un devis mixte, fondé sur des enquêtes par entretiens et questionnaires, effectuées auprès d’un échantillon de 50 ex-détenus sélectionnés à partir de la technique d’échantillonnage accidentelle associée à la méthode boule de neige et des responsables de la prison sélectionnée par convenance. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé au coefficient de contingence (CC: 0,328), une association forte entre le manque de structures de suivi postpénal et le niveau de réinsertion des ex-détenus. Puis, une association très forte au coefficient de contingence (CC : 0,429) entre les pratiques d’exclusion sociale et la réinsertion des ex-détenus. Enfin, une association forte au coefficient de contingence (CC : 0,351) entre la situation économique ambiante et le niveau de réinsertion des ex-détenus. L’étude a révélé que, quelle que soit pertinence des mesures prises, seule une synergie d’actions de tous les acteurs intervenant dans le champ de la réinsertion et du développement social peut favoriser la mise en place d’un mécanisme de facilitation de la réinsertion post-carcérale.

The aim of this study is to verify that the post-prison experience determines the socio-professional reintegration of ex-prisoners in Yaoundé Central Prison. In fact, there is a total absence of post-prison follow-up, particularly the existence of outplacement centres for prisoners on their release from prison. As a result, former inmates are finding it very difficult to reintegrate after their stay in prison. These shortcomings reflect a form of cognitive dissonance between the texts and the context. From a methodological point of view, the research adopted a mixed design, based on surveys using interviews and questionnaires, carried out with a sample of 50 ex-prisoners selected using the accidental sampling technique combined with the snowball method, and with prison officials selected by convenience. The contingency coefficient (CC: 0.328) of the results showed a strong Then, a very strong association at the contingency coefficient (CC: 0.429) between social exclusion practices and the reintegration of ex-prisoners. Finally, a strong association at the contingency coefficient (CC: 0.351) between the prevailing economic situation and the level of reintegration of ex-prisoners. The study revealed that, whatever the relevance of the measures taken, only a synergy of actions between all the players involved in the field of reintegration and social development can promote.

Este artigo investiga o cotidiano do Centro de Ressocialização de Cuiabá (CRC), analisando como o espaço prisional é construído, disputado e vivido por seus diferentes sujeitos. A partir de uma perspectiva da Geografia Crítica e do materialismo histórico-dialético, o estudo propõe uma leitura do cárcere como território social marcado por hierarquias, exclusões e estratégias de sobrevivência. O trabalho baseia-se em observação participante e entrevistas realizadas entre 2010 e 2014. Mostra-se como a ausência do Estado é preenchida por instituições religiosas, economias paralelas e redes informais de poder, revelando que a prisão é menos um espaço de ressocialização e mais um reflexo ampliado das desigualdades sociais brasileiras. O artigo defende que, por trás dos muros, há humanidade: rotinas, afetos e resistências que desafiam a lógica do esquecimento e da contenção.

El presente artículo presenta los resultados de una indagación sobre las experiencias de educación formal y extensión impulsadas por tres universidades argentinas en contextos de encierro: Universidad de Buenos Aires, Universidad Nacional del Litoral y Universidad del Comahue. A partir de un abordaje exploratorio y comparativao, el trabajo busca aportar a la comprensión del vínculo más general entre universidad yprisión, y al mismo tiempo, convertirse en un insumo que enriquezca futuros debates e iniciativas. En esta dirección, la intervención universitaria en prisiones es entendida aquí como el continnum que reúne a la educación formal de carreras universitarias, los programas y talleres de extensión universitaria, así como también los proyectos de investigación desarrollados por esas mismas universidades al interior de las prisiones, en la medida en que se hayan articulado con las iniciativas anteriormente encionadas. De la reconstrucción de estas experiencias emergieron una serie...

Este trabajo pretende describir las actividades laborales que las personas desarrollan durante su detención en cárceles federales, analizando sus efectos para la precaria persistencia de un orden interno negociado. El trabajo carcelario, lejos de una práctica social autónoma, puede ser considerado una arista estratégica del régimen penitenciario, que junto a otras prácticas relevantes permiten comprender la constitución de un orden interno en la prisión, sumamente precario y negociado coactivamente. Por eso, este artículo pretende también aportar a la explicación de las finalidades perseguidas mediante el trabajo carcelario, de acuerdo a las representaciones de presos y agentes penitenciarios en las cárceles federales de Argentina. A partir de las alteraciones cuantitativas y cualitativas observadas en los últimos años, se propone explorar también los efectos que el trabajo carcelario puede estar provocando en la gestión del orden intramuros.

la pRiSión iRReSiStible MUeRteS poR aUtoagReSión bajo cUStodia penitenciaRia en aRgentina En 2017, las muertes por autoagresión irrumpieron en la escena penitenciaria argentina, aunque se trata de un problema extendido en el tiempo. Entre 2009 y 2018 fallecieron bajo custodia del Servicio Penitenciario Federal 425 personas: 109 de estas muertes fueron consecuencia de autoagresiones. ¿Cómo se explican las muertes por autoagresión bajo custodia penitenciaria y a qué prácticas estatales se encuentran asociadas? ¿Cómo se interrelacionan los factores individuales, los condicionamientos carcelarios y los desencadenantes que las precipitan? ¿Cómo se constituye la responsabilidad estatal ante estas muertes? Este trabajo se propone describir las muertes por autoagresión bajo custodia del Servicio Penitenciario Federal en la década mencionada a través del análisis de los factores y prácticas estatales que los explican. Palabras clave: muertes bajo custodia, autoagresiones, régimen penitenciario, derechos humanos.

Prison overcrowding is a long-standing global issue, and Pakistan, notably Punjab, is no exception. Yet, there appears to be a dearth of studies or geographical research gap in this region pertaining to the problem of prison overcrowding. This study strives to heighten understanding of overcrowding in Punjab prisons by investigating its prevalence, consequences, major causes, and potential intervention. Employing a qualitative research method, the study relies on a secondary data framework, containing diverse sources such as news articles, research reports, official records, and academic literature. The assembled data exposes Punjab's penitentiaries as the most overpopulated in the country, grappling with an average overcrowding rate of 147% across 42 facilities. Inmates endure extreme health risks, epidemics of diseases, and fundamental human rights violations. The root causalities determined encompass systemic flaws in pre-trial detention, delays in judicial processes, and deficiencies in the broader criminal justice apparatus, including police investigations and prosecution. Recommendations include reforms in bail practices, reclassification of non-violent offenses, and alternatives to imprisonment, providing a roadmap for alleviating overcrowding. The study's implications extend to policymakers, legal authorities, and civil society, advising collective efforts for meaningful and lasting transformation in Punjab's criminal justice landscape.

J. Nicholas Reid’s Prisons in Ancient Mesopotamia presents the culmination of years of meticulous research into the origins, nature, and functions of detention in early Mesopotamia. Rather than seeking to determine whether Mesopotamia had the world’s first prisons, the book explores how imprisonment functioned as a historical phenomenon in ancient Mesopotamian societies. Focusing on the period circa 2400–1600 bce, Reid draws extensively on written sources from southern Mesopotamia (Sumer and Babylonia).

Homelessness is a failure of a variety of policies including planning, an inability to maintain enough affordable, acceptable, safe housing. Instead of addressing the root causes of this failure, the municipality criminalized unhoused people and supporters, using law enforcement to remove makeshift homes and forcibly evict and arrest those who lived in them for trespassing. City officials described encampments as a threat to safety, an example of a longer, dark history of urban policy and planning practices that criminalize one group, in this case the unhoused, to protect others, in this case property owners, wealthier residents, the city itself. Future planning practice can learn from transformative justice movements to, instead, produce pathways to community safety defined as caring communities where everyone's safety is prioritized and people have access to needed resources.

One April morning in 1877, a woman working on the Western North Carolina Railroad (WNCRR) prepared a cup of coffee into which she emptied a vial of colorless, odorless liquid. 1 As a prisoner of the state of North Carolina, the prison department rented this woman as a forced laborer to the railroad company under the convict leasing system. She served the cup of coffee to Joseph Griffin, a man employed as the steward of convicts at Round Knob, one of the many prison labor camps along the railroad's corridor through the Blue Ridge Mountains. 2 Griffin tasted the poison-sulfuric acid, a highly corrosive chemical agent used in industrial settings and lethal when ingested in adequate amounts-and did not drink enough to be adversely affected. The woman, whose name and fate are unknown, confessed and was arrested. 3 That same month, on April 9, 1877, William Howard-another penitentiary board employee on the WNCRR-wrote to Gov. Zebulon B. Vance claiming to 1. According to a newspaper report, "A female convict on the WNCRR, emptied a phial of sulphuric acid into the coffee of Mr. Griffin, the newly appointed Steward, but he did not like the taste, so the poison did no damage." See "State News,"

Research has suggested that criminal punishment decisions are driven primarily by retribution and that retributive judgments are achieved by a process of abstract moral reasoning. However, problems with construct validity limit confidence in these conclusions. Study 1 (N ϭ 254) used experimentally manipulated vignettes to isolate retributive motives. Participants' sentencing recommendations were strongly provoked by indices of retribution (criminal intent) even when the most common consequentialist reasons for punishment (offender dangerousness and publicity of punishment) were minimized. In an exploratory fashion, Study 2 (N ϭ 49) used a semistructured interview to examine whether participants would persist in punishing a hypothetical offender without explicit reasons. Participants persisted in their original punishment judgments even when unable to justify the reasons for these judgments. These results increase confidence that lay punishment is motivated by retribution, but also suggest that this motive may be better explained by fallible, heuristic processes than by abstract moral reasoning. Implications for legal policy are discussed.

Balai Pemasyarakatan melalui peran pembimbing kemasyarakatan memiliki fungsi yang sangat penting dalam mencapai tujuan pemasyarakatan. Pada saat kondisi pandemi Covid-19 saat ini narapidana berhak mendapatkan haknya melalui program Asimilasi hal ini dilakukan untuk mencegah penyebaran covid-19 di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan. Namun tidak semua narapidana dapat mendapatkan program asimilasi, ada syarat yang harus dipenuhi oleh mereka. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis kejadian, fenomena, atau keadaan secara sosial Kata kunci : pembimbing kemasyarakatan, narapidana, covid-19, asimilasi. A. Pendahuluan 1. Latar Belakang Balai pemasyarakatan (BAPAS) merupakan salah satu Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pemasyarakatan yang memiliki tugas pokok memberikan bimbingan kemasyarakatan dan pengentasan anak sesuai dengan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. 1 Namun peran utama dalam balai

The overall overcrowding in Rwandan prisons increased to 140.7% in 2022/2023 from 129% in the previous year, accommodating a total of 86,274 individuals against a designed capacity of 61,300. Notably, approximately 10,994 inmates were in pre-trial detention, and 156 individuals remained in prison after their detention periods had expired, highlighting persistent challenges in managing the prison population. Despite efforts by the Rwanda Correctional Service to address overcrowding, the influx of new inmates remains substantial, averaging over 2,000 incarcerations monthly from May to October 2023 alone. This paper aims to review the national penal policy and legislation as alternative for reduction of overcrowding in correctional facilities of Rwanda. Data were collected using documentary techniques, allowing the author to review various international instruments, domestic laws, case laws, library books, online books, journal articles, and other relevant materials, including internet sources. The findings revealed that the legal framework, while comprehensive, is often inadequately implemented, leading to prolonged pretrial detentions and over-reliance on custodial sentences. Moreover, the absence of robust rehabilitation and reintegration programs means that many inmates are ill-prepared to reenter society, resulting in high recidivism rates and a continuous cycle of incarceration. The paper also has underscored key strategies and alternatives for addressing prison overcrowding in Rwanda. In sum, the study found that legal and practical issues arising from the stuffing detainment facilities in Rwanda include some provisions of the Rwandan criminal law, criminal procedure and judicial practice. Both legal reforms and policy can insure a significant reduction of the carceral population in Rwandan jails. The recommendations emphasize legislative reforms to expand the legal framework for sentencing alternatives, the use of community-based sanctions, enhance rehabilitation programs within correctional facilities, utilization of Electronic Monitoring, GPS and drones programs and strengthen oversight mechanisms to uphold human rights standards.

En una sociedad caracterizada por erigirse en principios individualistas,
capitalistas postmodernos, reclamar el resurgimiento de la bioética global como cortapisa para la economía y la política parece ser una apuesta arriesgada y necesaria a partes iguales. El respeto por la madre tierra o la casa común y el derecho de las generaciones presentes y futuras a una vida digna, bajo el principio de responsabilidad y cuidado, nos exige un cambio de rumbo en la relación naturaleza- persona que obliga a volver la vista a la cosmovisión indígena como parámetro para la construcción de un sistema bioético global.

The overall overcrowding in Rwandan prisons increased to 140.7% in 2022/2023 from 129% in the previous year, accommodating a total of 86,274 individuals against a designed capacity of 61,300. Notably, approximately 10,994 inmates were in pre-trial detention, and 156 individuals remained in prison after their detention periods had expired, highlighting persistent challenges in managing the prison population. Despite efforts by the Rwanda Correctional Service to address overcrowding, the influx of new inmates remains substantial, averaging over 2,000 incarcerations monthly from May to October 2023 alone. This paper aims to review the national penal policy and legislation as alternative for reduction of overcrowding in correctional facilities of Rwanda. Data were collected using documentary techniques, allowing the author to review various international instruments, domestic laws, case laws, library books, online books, journal articles, and other relevant materials, including internet sources. The findings revealed that the legal framework, while comprehensive, is often inadequately implemented, leading to prolonged pretrial detentions and over-reliance on custodial sentences. Moreover, the absence of robust rehabilitation and reintegration programs means that many inmates are ill-prepared to reenter society, resulting in high recidivism rates and a continuous cycle of incarceration. The paper also has underscored key strategies and alternatives for addressing prison overcrowding in Rwanda. In sum, the study found that legal and practical issues arising from the stuffing detainment facilities in Rwanda include some provisions of the Rwandan criminal law, criminal procedure and judicial practice. Both legal reforms and policy can insure a significant reduction of the carceral population in Rwandan jails. The recommendations emphasize legislative reforms to expand the legal framework for sentencing alternatives, the use of community-based sanctions, enhance rehabilitation programs within correctional facilities, utilization of Electronic Monitoring, GPS and drones programs and strengthen oversight mechanisms to uphold human rights standards.

ASSOCIE-SE AO IBADPP PARA RECEBER O BOLETIM TRINCHEIRA DEMOCRÁTICA EM PRIMEIRA MÃO Para se associar é preciso ser professor(a) de Ciências Criminais, pesquisador(a) ou ter artigo científico publicado sobre o tema. É possível, ainda, associar escritórios de advocacia ao Instituto. Participe: . O Instituto Baiano de Direito Processual Penal é uma associação civil sem fins econômicos, que tem entre as finalidades defender o respeito incondicional aos princípios, direitos e garantias fundamentais que estruturam a Constituição Federal. O IBADPP promove o debate científico sobre o Direito Processual Penal por meio de publicações, cursos, debates, seminários etc., que tenham o fenômeno criminal como tema básico.

Сучасні пенітенціарні системи характеризуються збільшенням ролі насильницьких кримінальних субкультур у в’язницях, що є ключовим викликом для більшості пенітенціарних систем. За цих умов традиційні класичні цілі кримінального покарання дедалі більше перетворюються на фікцію.

Тому у цьому розділі нами ставиться за мету провести аналіз феномену вуличних та в’язничних банд як особливої форми злочинних організацій у пенітенціарних системах Сполучених Штатів Америки, які, на додаток, діють і за межами пенітенціарних установ.

Вуличні та в’язничні банди є не лише елементом національного американського кримінологічного та пенологічного ландшафту. Вони становлять значну частину соціального, економічного, культурного, музичного життя і, на додаток, більш ніж важливий елемент американського політичного дискурсу.

Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the implementation of the right of prisoners for
conjugal visitation in Federal Prisons located in Addis Ababa. The very objectives of the study is
to identify the effect of conjugal visitation on prisoners and the intersection that the right has
with other human rights.
In order to address the objectives, the study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative research
methodology. Data were collected from Families of prisoners, detainees, and Correctional
administration staff through questionnaires, survey, observation, in-depth interview and key
informant interview. The data obtained were analyzed using Parson Product- Moment
Correlation Coefficient and Microsoft excel. These are cross-checked with personal observation
of the researcher. Related laws, policies and reform discourses of the country are also reviewed.
The study found gaps and concerns its critique in light of international human right standards, it
also identifies issues that need attention by policy makers and implementers for further
improvement, which would lead to better treatment of inmates
Key words: Human rights, Prisoners, Conjugal rights, Sexual Rights, Private Family visits

The present study was aimed to evaluate the implementation of the right of prisoners for conjugal visitation in Federal Prisons located in Addis Ababa. The very objectives of the study is to identify the effect of conjugal visitation on prisoners and the intersection that the right has with other human rights. In order to address the objectives, the study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative research methodology. Data were collected from Families of prisoners, detainees, and Correctional administration staff through questionnaires, survey, observation, in-depth interview and key informant interview. The data obtained were analyzed using Parson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Microsoft excel. These are cross-checked with personal observation of the researcher. Related laws, policies and reform discourses of the country are also reviewed. The study found gaps and concerns its critique in light of international human right standards, it also identifies issues that need attention by policy makers and implementers for further improvement, which would lead to better treatment of inmates

Η ταχεία διείσδυση της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης (ΑΙ) στον χώρο της ποινικής δικαιοσύνης δημιουργεί σύνθετα ρυθμιστικά και φιλοσοφικά διλήμματα. Το άρθρο αναλύει τις κυριότερες ηθικές θεωρίες (ωφελιμισμός, δεοντολογία, αρεταϊκή ηθική, δικαιοσύνη ως ισότητα), εξετάζει θεμελιώδεις νομικές αρχές (νομιμότητα, αναλογικότητα, τεκμήριο αθωότητας, δικονομικές εγγυήσεις), και μελετά το ευρωπαϊκό κανονιστικό πλαίσιο (AI Act, GDPR, Οδηγία 2016/680). Παράλληλα, αξιολογούνται εμπειρικά δεδομένα από αλγοριθμικά εργαλεία πρόβλεψης υποτροπής και predictive policing, με έμφαση σε ζητήματα μεροληψίας και ισότητας. Τέλος, προτείνονται θεσμικές και τεχνικές εγγυήσεις—όπως διαφάνεια, επεξηγησιμότητα, ανεξάρτητοι έλεγχοι και ουσιαστική ανθρώπινη εποπτεία—με σκοπό τον συντονισμό καινοτομίας και κράτους δικαίου.

The rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of criminal justice raises complex regulatory and philosophical challenges. This article explores major ethical frameworks (utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, justice as fairness), examines fundamental legal principles (legality, proportionality, presumption of innocence, procedural safeguards), and analyzes the European regulatory environment (AI Act, GDPR, Directive 2016/680). It further assesses empirical evidence from algorithmic tools for recidivism prediction and predictive policing, highlighting issues of bias and equality. Finally, it proposes a package of institutional and technical safeguards—such as transparency, explainability, independent audits, and meaningful human oversight—in order to align technological innovation with the rule of law.

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

This conference explores the centrality of violence in the formation, consolidation, and governance of empires from the early nineteenth century to the First World War. Moving beyond narratives of civilising missions and administrative modernisation, it examines how violence was exercised, codified, justified, and remembered within imperial systems and their metropoles. Bringing together historians and scholars of related disciplines, the event seeks to interrogate the legal, institutional, military, and cultural mechanisms through which coercion operated across diverse imperial contexts—European and non-European alike. Particular attention will be given to the intersections of violence with law, race, gender, class, and mobility, as well as to its symbolic and rhetorical dimensions in shaping imperial legitimacy and its enduring postcolonial legacies. By fostering a comparative and transimperial dialogue, the conference aims to contribute to broader debates on state power, political modernity, and the global history of coercion.

This conference explores the centrality of violence in the formation, consolidation, and governance of empires from the early nineteenth century to the First World War. Moving beyond narratives of civilising missions and administrative modernisation, it examines how violence was exercised, codified, justified, and remembered within imperial systems and their metropoles. Bringing together historians and scholars of related disciplines, the event seeks to interrogate the legal, institutional, military, and cultural mechanisms through which coercion operated across diverse imperial contexts—European and non-European alike. Particular attention will be given to the intersections of violence with law, race, gender, class, and mobility, as well as to its symbolic and rhetorical dimensions in shaping imperial legitimacy and its enduring postcolonial legacies. By fostering a comparative and transimperial dialogue, the conference aims to contribute to broader debates on state power, political modernity, and the global history of coercion.

Contemporary carceral systems function through the restriction of physical movement and the regulation of information flows, so how do prisoners' smuggled mobile technologies renegotiate mobilities in carceral spaces? Grounded in the new mobilities paradigm and drawing on the concept of carceral mobilities, this study proposes the framework of digital carceral mobilities to analyze new possibilities of embodied and digital mobilities enabled using illicit mobile technologies in prisons. Using Lebanon's carceral institutions as a case study and based on digital ethnography of three Facebook pages, an analysis of recordings circulated by prisoners via social media and news outlets from 2020 to 2023, and a contextual interview with a former prisoner, the paper categorizes four key modalities of digital carceral mobilities: embodied mobility, mediated mobility, spatiotemporal mobility, and material mobility. This paper argues that prisoners renegotiate mobile technologiesboth material and networkallowing them to relay their lived experiences and harsh conditions behind bars and explore new possibilities of movement within the carceral space. The framework of digital carceral mobilities demonstrates that mobility within carceral spaces is inherently paradoxical, functioning simultaneously as a pathway to potential agency, through enabling new possibilities of embodied and virtual movements, and as an extension of confinement under the guise of connectivity, by reinforcing the oppressive and socioeconomic inequalities of the carceral, political, and digital systems.

This article explores how Pablo Trapero’s Leonera (2008) reworks the visual tropes and narrative structures of the women-in-prison genre in its representation of motherhood inside prison. It argues that the film develops a complex understanding of the multiple textures of carceral motherhood: a fragile legal right, a state-mandated responsibility to carry out unpaid reproductive labor, and the basis of collective, embodied resistance against multiple forms of legal, economic, and moral violence. In order to reach this conclusion, the article brings together sociological and criminological analyses of the inequalities embedded in the reproductive labor of childcare, feminist theories of embodied resistance, and cinematic studies of the (women-in-)prison film. By combining these perspectives, this study emphasizes the ambivalence of Leonera: Trapero’s film both reproduces and creatively reworks a problematic generic tradition; politically, it critiques the state’s role in exacerbating the challenges of carrying out childcare in prison while also gesturing towards state-based reform as a solution.

This research analyzes the institute of socio-educational pre-trial detention (PTD) and its relationship with the guiding principles of the Brazilian Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), in particular, the principle of exceptionality, which characterizes this measure with the nature of ultima ratio. The hypothesis raised was that, currently, there is an expansive application of the PTD beyond the legal possibilities caused by the imprecision of the legislation that governs the institute. In order to reach such an understanding, a

Reviewed by: Tanveer Ahamed Critics of prison abolitionism often argue that abolitionism is an impractical and utopian idea that has, in spite of its convincing theoretical claims, little empirical value in long-term crime prevention and rehabilitation of offenders in a society. Many who support the abolitionist cause also deem the activities of abolitionists to be largely haphazard and anarchist in nature. While these assumptions are not easily repudiable, Rachel Herzing and Justin Piché have shown new possibilities for an organized and properly-led movement against carceral practices in their book titled 'How to abolish prisons: Lessons from the Movement against Imprisonment'. In the eight chapters of the book, including the introduction and the splendid concluding section, the authors have presented a detailed account of lessons learnt from notable abolitionist campaigns in the US and Canada in order to help activists choose the right pathway based on their surrounding circumstances. While these lessons bear special values for abolitionists, they can also provide significant insights for those who are working for prison reform in different parts of the world.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas keterkaitan antara beban kerja pegawai dan kinerja organisasi pada salah satu Direktorat Jenderal di Kementerian XYZ. Latar belakang kajian didorong oleh indikasi adanya ketidakseimbangan beban kerja antarunit, di mana sebagian direktorat mengalami overload sementara lainnya underload, yang berpotensi memengaruhi efektivitas organisasi. Menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mixed-method), penelitian ini mengombinasikan analisis kuantitatif beban kerja dengan metode Full Time Equivalent (FTE) dan pemetaan RECAP Matrix, serta analisis kualitatif melalui kuesioner persepsi, wawancara, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Direktorat Pengendalian dan Pemberdayaan Informatika menghadapi beban kerja tinggi yang menimbulkan risiko kelelahan (potential fatigue), sementara beberapa unit lain relatif underutilized. Kondisi ini menegaskan bahwa ketidakseimbangan distribusi beban kerja dapat berdampak pada penurunan kualitas kinerja pelayanan publik. Analisis juga mengungkap kelemahan sistem manajemen kinerja eksisting, terutama keterbatasan umpan balik dan indikator kinerja yang kurang realistis. Rekomendasi yang diajukan meliputi penataan ulang SDM, optimalisasi proses kerja berbasis lean dan teknologi, reformulasi indikator kinerja, pengembangan kapasitas pegawai, review kinerja berkala, serta program kesejahteraan dan engagement pegawai. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi antara manajemen kinerja dan analisis beban kerja sebagai pendekatan holistik untuk membangun birokrasi publik yang adaptif, produktif, dan berkelanjutan.

Kata Kunci
Beban kerja, manajemen kinerja, Full Time Equivalent (FTE), RECAP Matrix, birokrasi publik, keseimbangan kerja, kinerja organisasi

Edited by Louis G. Mendoza. Cover art by Gerardo Q. García. Dedicatoria graphic by José Cosme. Select photos by Alan Pogue. Copyediting and research by Lilia Raquel Rosas. Cover design, book design, and layout by Brent E. Beltrán. Red Salmon Arts is a 501(c)3 grassroots cultural arts organization, with an over thirty-year history of working with the indigenous neighborhoods of Austin. RSA is dedicated to the development of emerging writers and the promotion of Chicanx/@ Latinx/@ Native American literature, providing outlets and mechanisms for cultural exchange, and sharing in the retrieval of a people's cultural heritage with a commitment to social justice. Red Salmon Press, a program of Red Salmon Arts, is an editorial collective founded in the 1990s under the guidance of raúlrsalinas. RSP focuses on the retrieval of a people's literary heritage and the development of emerging young writers/readers through its publications.

Deutschland liegt in der Spitzengruppe. Laut Gefängnisstatistik des Europarats befindet sich Deutschland im europäischen Vergleich in der Gruppe der Länder mit dem höchsten Anteil an Suiziden unter den Todesarten im Gefängnis. Dieser ist 25 Prozent höher als im europäischen Durchschnitt (Aebi & Cocco, 2024, S. 6). »Für Menschen, die in staatlicher Obhut inhaftiert sind, trägt der Staat eine besondere Schutz-und Fürsorgepflicht«, betont die Bundesregierung in ihrer Antwort auf eine parlamentarische Anfrage. »Die Verhinderung derartiger Ereignisse hat für die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter, Verantwortlichen und die Haftanstalten selbst höchste Priorität, während es das gesetzlich vorgegebene und in der Praxis gelebte Ziel des Strafvollzuges ist, die Gefangenen auf eine gesellschaftliche Reintegration vorzubereiten« (BT-Drs. 20/8116 v. 25.08.2023, S. 2). Wie die Zahlen zeigen, werden beide Ziele verfehlt. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Fragen, wieso so viele Menschen Haft nicht überleben und warum für diese Todesfälle eine transparente Aufklärung und Verantwortungsübernahme ausbleiben. Zunächst wird anhand von verfügbaren Zahlen aus öffentlich zugänglichen, staatlich geführten Statistiken und parlamentarischen Anfragen das Ausmaß des Phänomens geschildert und anschließend die Frage aufgeworfen, ob diese ›Freitode‹ in der totalen Institution gleichbedeutend wie außerhalb dieser als Ausdruck des freien Willens gewertet werden können. Um diese Frage beantworten zu können, werden aus der Dokumentation von Death in Custody kategorisierte Fallbeispiele herangezogen. Auf dieser Basis wird letztendlich die gängige ›Suizid‹-Prävention hinterfragt.

In this criminological study we have combined ethnographic fieldwork observations with twelve in-depth interviews with Swedish street gang leaders and twelve associate gang members to understand the driving forces behind street gang leadership and gang membership by delineating the multiple themes of the subjects ’ narratives. A descriptive and interpretive analysis of the data suggested four ideal-types, each with specific goals, aspirations, and motives. These were in accord with a limited, though diverse literature on gang leadership that has primarily emerged in the United States. The analysis, however, does not necessarily support the claim that U.S.-style intergenerational, institutionalized gangs exist in Sweden; simply that there are similar gang leadership styles and motivations in these different contexts. In terms of policy, the analysis contains important lessons for agencies involved in social control efforts against street gangs and similar subcultures by focusing on t...

to ,;tudy one particular fa cet of Malcolm's life, must work her/his way through the entire volume, a task that should be unnecessary. That ,;cholar will abo fi nd that items are neither consistently nor usefully cla :;; :;; ified. "Major books and pamphlets about Malcolm X" lists books which are primarily, if not wholly, about Malcolm. "General books about l\'lalcolm X" lists books which mention, sometimes very briefly, Malcolm. Surprisingly, anthologies which print sections from Malcolm's published work appeal' in this section. "Major articles" tend to come fr om periodi cals. and "General articles" fr om newspapers, but that division is not consistent. The problems of a "selected" bibliography and of significant omissions Ex pLora ti()ns in Si{{hls and Sounds No. 7 (Summer 191'7) brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk

The present study analyzes the discourses of women in a prison context from the perspective of Materialist Discourse Analysis  (MDA)  in  relation  to  Social  Reproduction  Theory  (SRT).  Grounded  in  historical  materialism  and  Marxist  feminist  critique, the study seeks to understand the meanings of reproductive labor produced by women in situations of incarceration, paying attention to how gender, race, and class oppressions are reproduced within the Brazilian social formation. To this end, the research analyzes discourses of incarcerated women at the Madre Pelletier Women’s Prison, one extracted from an interview conducted in2013  and  another  from  a  text  written  during  the  2022  pandemic.  The  analysis  reveals  how  female  incarceration  is  linked  to  the  organization of social reproduction under neoliberalism. The signifier “bag” emerges as a central discursive element, signifying not only  survival  within  prison  but  also  the  interdependence  between  oppression  and  subjectivation  in  the  functioning  of  the  prison system.

This essay attempts a reflection on rurality and herding by looking at a particular carceral setting: the Sardinian penal colony as established in the 19th c. and still surviving as a marginal institution within the national penal system. Despite the long-lasting effort to modernise and stabilise animal-farming and to eradicate herding as an allegedly criminogenic practice – effort to which penal colonies actively contributed both by dispossessing land used by the herders and by means of exemplarity as a model sedentary farm - errant herding has lingered in free society and also, in an apparent paradox, within the very carceral estates of the penal colony. I will discuss
how, within the territorial project of the Sardinian penal colonies and its uncertain, yet extensive, structures of control and production, herding and the wondering of the herder after goats, sheep, and cattle in search for pastures and waters, is to a certain extent a creative practice whose spatial agency simultaneously challenges and is challenged by the spatial and institutional principles of the prison estate. This essay is grounded on archival and field research in the penal colonies of Mamone, Isili, and Is Arenas and makes use of drawings and photographs as key research tools.

How many more children must die, whilst in the alleged 'care' of the state, before the government abolish the inhumane incarceration of children? Images: courtesy of the author As of the 27th June 2019, thirty five children (aged 17 or under) have died in penal custody in England and Wales since the 13th July 1990. This death rate equates to an average of one death every ten months. The social blindness and on the whole social acceptance/denial of this outdated and barbaric form of harm, by the vast majority, underpinned through the punitive desire to punish wrongdoers, must end. There has to be a better way, an alternative form of penance, which must be framed by an overarching consensus to reconcile and restore harm produced within, and by harmful societies.

The intersection of mental health and corrections represents a critical challenge for contemporary criminal justice systems. Individuals with mental illnesses are disproportionately represented in jails and prisons, often due to systemic failures in community mental health care and the criminalization of psychiatric disorders. This paper examines the prevalence and impact of mental illness within correctional settings through the lens of key criminological theories, including labeling theory, social control theory, and rehabilitation theory, drawing on the work of Cullen and Jonson (2000, 2017) and recent scholarship in Vold's Theoretical Criminology (2024). These perspectives illuminate how stigma, weakened social bonds, and inadequate support systems contribute to the overrepresentation and poor outcomes of mentally ill individuals in corrections. This paper reviews current mental health programs in correctional institutions, evaluates their effectiveness, and identifies persistent barriers to care, such as institutional constraints and resource shortages. Policy implications are discussed, emphasizing the need for comprehensive reform that integrates evidence-based mental health interventions, reduces reliance on punitive models, and promotes successful reintegration. Ultimately, the paper argues for a shift toward humane, theory-informed correctional policies that address the complex needs of individuals with mental illness and improve public safety outcomes.

(German Abstract)
Was alle britischen Auswanderer nach Australien im 19. Jahrhundert verband, war eine Zeit des Transits auf hoher See, in der Seekrankheit, Stürme und zwischenmenschliche Konflikte zu der gelebten und gefühlten Realität ebenso beitrugen wie Konzerte, Sonnenuntergänge und Freundschaften. Die Passagiere mussten zwischen Nähe und Distanz, Langeweile und Aufregung, Leben und Tod navigieren. Machtstrukturen, Verantwortung und Autorität waren omnipräsent, standen aber oft auf wackligen Füßen oder wurden angefochten. Diese Erfahrung wird in Tagebüchern, Briefen, Ratgebern, politischen Papieren, Zeitungsartikeln und Schiffsarztjournals reflektiert und dokumentiert.

Dieses Buch untersucht Fallbeispiele von etwa 110 Segel- und Dampfschiffen auf ihrem Weg vom Vereinigten Königreich bis zu Australiens Ostküste in den Jahren 1848 bis 1898. Anhand dieser exemplarischen Laborsituation für das Erfahren von Transit zielt die vorliegende Studie darauf ab, das Transitkonzept mit emotionalen, erfahrungsbezogenen, sozialen und mentalen Aspekten zu bereichern – Perspektiven, die bisher in der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Forschung vernachlässigt wurden.

L’enfermement carcéral dans la prison de Sadnaya, en Syrie, dépasse la simple privation de liberté et révèle des mécanismes complexes de pouvoir et de contrôle. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse foucaldienne de Surveiller et punir, cette étude interroge la notion de valeur, où déshumanisation et résistance coexistent. Les pratiques de torture et d’isolement témoignent d’une perversion du pouvoir disciplinaire, tandis que les détenus développent des stratégies de survie, préservant leur dignité humaine. Cette analyse invite à repenser la valeur dans le contexte carcéral et à questionner les limites du pouvoir exercé sur les individus.

This article explores the intersection of carceral geographies and climate (in)justice in Brazil, home to one of the world's largest incarcerated populations. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, interviews and an analysis of reports from monitoring organisations examining facilities across the country, we ask how thermal conditions are part of a national project of inflicting suffering within the prison system. Conductive building materials, a lack or excess of water and ventilation, as well as overcrowding, exacerbate exposure to scorching heat or bone-chilling cold, subjecting prisoners' bodies to extreme temperatures. We argue that this constitutes a form of thermal violence, in which heat and cold are weaponised to harm and punish.

Under Neoliberalism, the state retrenches from the realm of welfare and promotes the idea of laissez faire, but in modern times, the state has simultaneously rearmed itself in the punitive realm to curb social insecurity and urban marginality which is resultant of such economic deregulation. Wacquant and others argue that under the Neoliberal regime, the incarcerations do not merely reflect the rising crime rates but also mirror state inactions in the realm of welfare and proactiveness in the punitive realm. This paper advocates the use of political-economic analysis for understanding the socioeconomic dynamics of marginality and incarceration in India. The works of Loïc Wacquant form the bedrock of my analysis. Wacquant in his methodological approach debunks the opposition between the materialist approaches of Marx and Engels and the symbolic approach of Emile Durkheim and combines them using the notion of bureaucratic field developed by Pierre Bourdieu to establish a vital understanding of the relationship between political economy, state, and penal apparatus. After analyzing people management techniques of Workfare and Prisonfare, this paper will highlight how the State under Neoliberalism got restructured as a Leviathan through astute use of these techniques and the rhetoric of security. After highlighting the contributions of Young, Hallsworth, and Lea, and LeBaron, and Roberts, this paper concludes by stating how the Indian state is undergoing a similar transformation under Neoliberalism.

We analyse the relationships between identity work and internal legitimacy. Based on an in-depth case study of prisoners in Helsinki Prison, we focus on how their identity work affirmed and contested three kinds of institutional legitimacy – pragmatic, moral and cognitive. The research contribution we make is to show that some forms of identity work are also a form of internal legitimacy work, and how this identity talk constructs organizations as more (or less) legitimate. This is important because it demonstrates that identity work is an intrinsic (though often overlooked) aspect of processes of organizing.

En América Latina existen «instituciones totales» (según la
clásica definición de Erving Goffman) que, por sus características
particulares, son muy difíciles de abordar etnográficamente; las
cárceles, justamente, son unas de esas instituciones fuertemente
cercadas y altamente vigiladas que siempre han sido un verdadero
desafío para las ciencias sociales, especialmente para la antropología.
Sin embargo, en los últimos años constatamos, con gran sa
tisfacción, que los altos muros de las cárceles latinoamericanas no
han impedido que la academia pudiera ingresar a sus espacios más
recónditos y develar los detalles de la vida cotidiana, sus dinámicas
de estructura y organización (formal e informal), y sobre todo,
recoger el testimonio de sus principales protagonistas, las personas
privadas de libertad; ya sea que pertenezcan solamente al llamado
«mundo carcelario», o también a la «delincuencia sociocultural»
(Pérez Guadalupe, 2000). Pero, si bien cada vez más se publican
etnografías carcelarias, así como descripciones cualitativas sobre las
cárceles en la región, estas no siempre traen una gran profundidad
de análisis o novedad etnológica. Ello se debe a la dificultad para acceder a las entrañas de la cárcel (y, sobre todo, a las subculturas  delictivas que muchas veces la pueblan); o a la falta de formación (académica y profesional) de los investigadores para abordar estos  temas, tan arcanos como complejos