Anna Czarna

Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Department of Social Communication and Basic Research in Psychology, Faculty Member

University of Bern, Psychology, Post-Doc

Followers

288

Following

145

Co-authors

Public Views

social-personality psychologist. researcher.
Address: http://www.annaczarna.pl/

less

InterestsView All (15)

Uploads

Papers by Anna Czarna

Replication Data for "Do Narcissism and Emotional Intelligence Win Us Friends? Modeling Dynamics of Peer Popularity Using Inferential Network Analysis

Grandiose (communal and agentic) narcissism and predicted (dis)obedience in the Milgram paradigm

Personality and Individual Differences

People believe that they would disobey immoral authority in the Milgram experiment. We asked whet... more People believe that they would disobey immoral authority in the Milgram experiment. We asked whether high (vs. low) communal and agentic narcissists would manifest a more pronounced better-than-average effect (BTAE) in their predicted disobedience. Participants (N = 348) estimated the moment at which they and the average peer would quit the Milgram experiment. High communal narcissists claimed that they would disobey the immoral authority and quit the experiment earlier (positively predicting the BTAE), whereas high agentic narcissists claimed that they, as well as an average other, would obey longer (negatively predicting the BTAE). Differences in the impression management component of socially desirable responding played a role in these links.

Personality and Friendships

Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences

How Does It Feel to Be a Narcissist? Narcissism and Emotions

Handbook of Trait Narcissism

Emotional processes are of key importance for the understanding of narcissism, in both its grandi... more Emotional processes are of key importance for the understanding of narcissism, in both its grandiose and its vulnerable forms. The current chapter provides an overview on the links between narcissism and emotionality. The two forms of narcissism differ distinctly in their hedonic tone, with vulnerable narcissism being characterized by negative emotionality and low well-being and grandiose narcissism being linked to positive emotionality and high well-being. Both forms are related to strong mood variability that is thought to stem from contingent selfesteem. Both forms are related to hubristic pride, but only vulnerable narcissism is linked to shame-proneness, envy and schadenfreude. Both forms are characterized by outbursts of anger, but the underlying causes and the expression of anger differ between the two forms. Specifically, narcissistic vulnerable is linked to uncontrollable narcissistic rage that stems from a fragile sense of self, and results in disproportionate and dysfunctional aggression. Grandiose narcissism, in contrast, goes along with instrumental aggression that serves the purpose of asserting one's dominance in the face of strong direct status threats. Vulnerable narcissism is related to deficits in emotion regulation, yet research has just begun to shed light on the regulation processes of grandiose narcissists.The chapter concludes with reflections on how recent theoretical and methodological developments might be employed to gain a fuller understanding of narcissists' emotional lives.

Download

Dark Personality Features and Employment

The term “dark personalities” or “dark personality traits” refers to a set of traits that are soc... more The term “dark personalities” or “dark personality traits” refers to a set of traits that are socially maladaptive, aversive, undesirable, and malevolent, but not enough so to be considered clinical-level pathology. A social psychology account emphasizes their maladaptiveness in terms of a negative influence on interpersonal relationships, including maximizing personal gains at the expense of others, callousness (Jones and Paulhus 2011), low empathy (Paulhus and Williams 2002), and low commitment to moral values (Jonason et al. 2015). A significant amount of research on the dark personality features has been concentrated around organizational and employment context, mainly due to the costs for individuals and organizations resulting from negative, harmful behaviors or attitudes (Spain et al. 2014). There are many dark personality features but this article will focus on the three most well-known ones called the Dark Triad (DT): narcissism, Machiavellanism and psychopathy. Since narci...

Download

Narcissism and Leadership

Close your eyes and imagine an ideal leader. What would that image look like? What kind of charac... more Close your eyes and imagine an ideal leader. What would that image look like? What kind of characteristics come to mind? Dominance, confidence, high self-esteem, and extraversion are characteristics that are most commonly associated with people’s image of a leader. Interestingly, narcissistic individuals fit this leader image fairly well, which might explain why they tend to emerge as leaders in groups. However, merely rising to a leadership position is not enough – it matters whether narcissists are effective as leaders. Importantly, in addition to their leader-like characteristics, narcissists possess a host of negative characteristics, such as lack of empathy, exploitativeness, arrogance, inability to deal with criticism, and aggressive tendencies. It is because of these characteristics that the behavior of narcissistic leaders can have negative ramifications for their subordinates, their organizations, or even society at large. In this chapter, we argue that in order to determine whether and when narcissistic leaders are a positive or negative force for those they lead it is imperative to consider contextual factors such as time in leadership position, contextual uncertainty, type of industry, leader’s visibility and ethical climate in the organization, and characteristics of the followers.

The relationship of narcissism with tendency to react with anger and hostility: The roles of neuroticism and emotion regulation ability

Current Psychology

The present study examined the relationship of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism with dispositi... more The present study examined the relationship of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism with dispositional anger and hostility. We investigated the roles of neuroticism, emotional intelligence, and gender in this relationship, using a sample of 405 participants. The results indicated that vulnerable narcissism was associated with a higher tendency toward anger and hostility, and that neuroticism accounted for a large part of this association. Poor emotion managing, known as strategic emotion regulation ability, also played a role in hostility related to vulnerable narcissism, especially among men. When emotional stability was controlled for, grandiose narcissism showed links to anger and hostility. We concluded that high neuroticism and poor emotion regulation abilities among vulnerable narcissists contribute to increased anger/hostility, whereas emotional stability likely protects grandiose narcissists against these internal aspects of aggression. The significant relationships between b...

Download

What Do Highly Narcissistic People Think and Feel about (Their) Intelligence?

Journal of Personality

OBJECTIVE The current research comprehensively examined how grandiose and vulnerable narcissism a... more OBJECTIVE The current research comprehensively examined how grandiose and vulnerable narcissism are linked to intelligence and intelligence-related beliefs and emotions. METHOD In four studies (total N = 1141) we tested the associations between both forms of narcissism, subjectively and objectively assessed intelligence, basic personality traits, test-related stress, beliefs about intelligence and well-being. RESULTS Both forms of narcissism (grandiose and vulnerable) were unrelated to objective intelligence. Grandiose narcissism was associated with high self-perceived intelligence (Studies 1-3) and explained more variance in self-perceived intelligence than objective intelligence and the Big Five personality traits. It was correlated with reduced distress in the context of IQ testing and low engagement in cognitive performance (Study 2). Individuals with high grandiose narcissism based their well-being (Study 3) partly on intelligence and considered intelligence important for success in different life domains, especially for social relations (Study 4). Vulnerable narcissism was unrelated to self-perceived intelligence (Studies 1-3) and went along with increased distress in the context of IQ testing (Study 2). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the topic of intelligence is of key importance for people with high grandiose narcissism psychological functioning and it also has some relevance for individuals with high vulnerable narcissism.

Do Narcissism and Emotional Intelligence Win Us Friends? Modeling Dynamics of Peer Popularity Using Inferential Network Analysis

Personality & social psychology bulletin, Jan 27, 2016

This research investigated effects of narcissism and emotional intelligence (EI) on popularity in... more This research investigated effects of narcissism and emotional intelligence (EI) on popularity in social networks. In a longitudinal field study, we examined the dynamics of popularity in 15 peer groups in two waves (N = 273). We measured narcissism, ability EI, and explicit and implicit self-esteem. In addition, we measured popularity at zero acquaintance and 3 months later. We analyzed the data using inferential network analysis (temporal exponential random graph modeling, TERGM) accounting for self-organizing network forces. People high in narcissism were popular, but increased less in popularity over time than people lower in narcissism. In contrast, emotionally intelligent people increased more in popularity over time than less emotionally intelligent people. The effects held when we controlled for explicit and implicit self-esteem. These results suggest that narcissism is rather disadvantageous and that EI is rather advantageous for long-term popularity.

Download

Here and now: Sociosexuality mediates the associations between Dark Triad and Time Perspectives (in females)

Personality and Individual Differences, 2017

Abstract The present paper aims to answer the question about actual role of Life History Strategy... more Abstract The present paper aims to answer the question about actual role of Life History Strategy (LHS) as a factor underpinning associations between the Dark Triad (DT) personality and Time Perspectives (TPs). Recently Birkas and Csatho (2015, Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 318–320) provided evidence for some robust associations between these two domains and interpreted them as a product of slow vs. fast LHS. However, their thesis regarding the mediating role of LHS in the associations between the DT and TPs was only speculative. In the present study we administered DT and TP measures (Dirty Dozen and ZTPI), as well as a sociosexuality inventory (SOI-R), which in our study served as an indicator of LHS, in a sample of 329 adults. We aimed to replicate Birkas and Csatho's results separately for each gender, and test for the hypothesized mediation effects. TPs proved related to DT traits, e.g., Future and Past-Positive were both negatively correlated with psychopathy and Machiavellianism. The associations were partly mediated by sociosexuality, but only in females. Our results suggest that LHS may indeed be responsible for the associations between TPs and Dark Triad, however other mechanisms underpinning these relationships need to be taken into account.

The Dirty Dozen Scale: Validation of a Polish Version and Extension of the Nomological Net

Frontiers in Psychology, 2016

In five studies (total N = 1300) we developed and validated a Polish version of the Dirty Dozen m... more In five studies (total N = 1300) we developed and validated a Polish version of the Dirty Dozen measure (DTDD-P) that measures the three traits of the Dark Triad, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. We detail the presence and stability of a bifactor structure of the 12 items and present evidence for good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. We examine the nomological network surrounding the Dark Triad and show that both the Dark Triad total score and the subscales have acceptable validity. We also present evidence on the Dark Triad and moral behavior. Dark Triad predicts utilitarian moral choice (e.g., approval for sacrificing somebody's life for the sake of saving others) and this link is mediated by low empathic concern. In total, our results suggest that the Polish Dirty Dozen-Parszywa Dwunastka-is valid, stable, and useful for the study of lingering puzzles in the literature.

Download

Can cigarette smoking make a man appear sexier and stronger to women?

Studia Psychologiczne, 2011

This paper focuses on naďve theories, illusions, and misconceptions regarding the outcome of men'... more This paper focuses on naďve theories, illusions, and misconceptions regarding the outcome of men's cigarette smoking on female impressions. Beliefs about those outcomes were examined in a correlational study and their content was compared with the results of previous experimental verifi cation. Male and female participants (N = 396) responded to an advertisement placed on an online general-interest forum and completed a questionnaire concerning their beliefs about the impact of cigarette smoking in men on their self-presentation to women. This included impressions of attractiveness, intelligence, strength, sexiness, and other male qualities. Results show that people believe that smoking decreases a man's perceived aptitude for being a woman's long-term partner. The belief that smoking enhances a man's attractiveness to a woman as a short-term partner was limited to female smokers. Non-smokers believed that smoking in men signals poor impulse-control. Gender, age, smoking status (smoker vs non-smoker), and number of cigarettes smoked daily appeared to play an important role in predicting expressed beliefs. Young female smokers were indicated as the subgroup bearing the most optimistic illusions.

Download

Structural validity of the Communal Narcissism Inventory (CNI): The bifactor model

Personality and Individual Differences, 2016

The current report presents the factor structure analysis for the Communal Narcissism Inventory (... more The current report presents the factor structure analysis for the Communal Narcissism Inventory (CNI). The bi-factor model assuming one general factor and two residual factors (present-focused and future-focused communal narcissism) was examined across two student samples originating from Poland (N = 831) and the UK (N = 304) and compared to one-factor and two-factor solutions. Results supported the bifactor solution for the CNI, with one strong general factor and two weaker residual factors, as well as an indicated difference in the strength of correlations with external variables (self-esteem, agentic narcissism and psychological entitlement) for present and future communal narcissism. The obtained bifactor solution showed partial scalar invariance across two national samples, suggesting full replication of findings in two different cultural contexts. The implications of the bifactor model of communal narcissism for research practice is discussed in terms of both structural equation modelling and multiple regression analyses.

Download

Quick and Dirty: Some Psychosocial Costs Associated with the Dark Triad in Three Countries

Evolutionary Psychology, 2013

The current study provides the first examination of the relationship between life history indicat... more The current study provides the first examination of the relationship between life history indicators and the Dark Triad traits in an international sample drawn from the U.S. ( n = 264), Singapore ( n = 185), and Poland ( n = 177). In all three samples, the Dark Triad traits were associated with psychosocial costs, although there were more links in the Singaporean and Polish samples than in the American sample. In the U.S., the quality of one's romantic relationships and psychopathy were negatively correlated. Narcissism was higher in the Polish and American samples than in the Singaporean sample. Men scored higher than women did regardless of location and the sex difference in the individual differences in life histories was mediated by the Dark Triad composite. Results suggest the Dark Triad are related to a volatile socioecology composed of psychosocial costs in the familial, romantic, and platonic relationships.

Download

Individual differences in response to uncertainty and decision making: The role of behavioral inhibition system and need for closure

Motivation and Emotion, 2015

In two studies, we examined the influence of behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and need for clos... more In two studies, we examined the influence of behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and need for closure (NFC) on information processing in decision making. We expected that BIS would regulate behavior in a decisional context and that this relationship would be mediated by epistemic motivation expressed by NFC. In addition, drawing on contradictory findings in the literature on anxiety, NFC, and information processing, we investigated the moderating role of decision rules. The results supported our predictions. BIS was strongly and positively related to NFC, and through NFC it was related to decision-making style. Moreover, decision task characteristics moderated the relationship between NFC and decision making. When a task did not offer a confident decision rule, high NFC participants prolonged the information search more than low NFC individuals. However, when a reliable strategy was suggested, high NFC participants behaved in line with it. These results are discussed within an uncertainty management framework.

Download

Narcyzm – z perspektywy 120 lat istnienia pojęcia [ Narcissism - from the perspective of 120 years of the concept's existence]. W: Winiecki, P., Grzybek, R. (red). Wybrane problemy współczesnej psychologii. [Selected readings of contemporary psychology]

Niewiele pojęć psychologicznych przeszło tyle zmian znaczenia co narcyzm. Nie tylko kolejne teori... more Niewiele pojęć psychologicznych przeszło tyle zmian znaczenia co narcyzm. Nie tylko kolejne teorie, ale również wprowadzenie narcyzmu do podręczników diagnostycznych, rozwój narzędzi do jego pomiaru, zainteresowanie nim badaczy społecznych i poznawczych oraz podjęcie systematycznych badań empirycznych obok studiów przypadków i obserwacji klinicznych przynosiło kolejne zmiany w konceptualizacji narcyzmu. Po prawie 120 latach istnienia tego pojęcia i ewolucji jego znaczenia w literaturze psychologicznej warto zapytać o konsekwencje tych przemian dla tożsamości zjawiska określanego dzisiaj tym terminem. Czy po tylu przeformułowaniach jest to termin jednoznaczny? Czy kiedykolwiek był? Jaka jest przyszłość psychologii narcyzmu? NARCYZM WCZORAJ Kto wynalazł pojęcie narcyzmu trudno dzisiaj powiedzieć. Wiemy, że jako jeden z pierwszych użył go Alfred Binet (1887) w swojej pracy na temat pacjenta-fetyszysty, którego podniecały białe fartuszki i zapaski. Następnie Havelock Ellis (1898) wykorzystał greckie imię Narcyz do opisu perwersji seksualnej, w której jednostka obiera siebie samą za obiekt seksualny. To za przyczyną Ellisa zaledwie rok później termin ten pojawił w pracy jego przyjaciela, Paula Näcke, psychiatry spod Lipska, na którego dzieła powoływał się Zygmunt Freud. Sam termin "narcyzm" pochodzi od imienia bohatera jednego z mitów starożytnych Greków, opisywanego między innymi przez Owidiusza w trzeciej księdze Przemian. Narcyz był pięknym młodzieńcem, synem boga rzeki Kefisos i nimfy Leiriope. Kochała się w nim

Download

What makes narcissists unhappy? Subjectively assessed intelligence moderates the relationship between narcissism and psychological well-being

Personality and Individual Differences, 2015

We investigated the relations between narcissism, self-assessed intelligence and subjective well-... more We investigated the relations between narcissism, self-assessed intelligence and subjective well-being. In three studies, we aimed to replicate previous findings concerning the relationship between narcissism and both objectively and subjectively assessed intelligence (Study 1), as well as to examine whether the latter influenced narcissists' satisfaction with life (Study 2) and their mood (Study 3). The results confirmed the positive link between narcissism and self-assessed intelligence. Moreover, we demonstrated that this relationship was independent of actual abilities. In line with existing literature, we also found evidence that satisfying ego needs in this domain was a necessary precondition for narcissists' wellbeing. Specifically, the results of Study 2 indicated that narcissists who evaluated their intelligence as low were not satisfied with their life. Similar results were found in Study 3: narcissists evaluating their intelligence as low experienced higher tension and lower hedonic tone.

Download

Are Narcissists Sexy? Zeroing in on the Effect of Narcissism on Short-Term Mate Appeal

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2013

This research was aimed to provide a comprehensive test of the classic notion that narcissistic i... more This research was aimed to provide a comprehensive test of the classic notion that narcissistic individuals are appealing as short-term romantic or sexual partners. In three studies, we tested the hypotheses that narcissism exerts a positive effect on an individual’s mate appeal and that this effect is mediated by high physical attractiveness and high social boldness. We implemented a multimethod approach and used ratings of opposite sex persons (Study 1), ratings of friends (Study 2), and records of courtship outcomes in naturalistic interactions (Study 3) as indicators of mate appeal. In all cases, narcissism had a positive effect on mate appeal, which was mainly due to the agentic self-enhancement aspects of narcissism (rather than narcissists’ lacking communion). As predicted, physical attractiveness and social boldness mediated the positive effect of narcissism on mate appeal. Findings further indicated that narcissism was more strongly linked to mate appeal than to friend appeal.

Download

Does Communal Context Bring the Worst in Narcissists?

Polish Psychological Bulletin, 2014

The present experiment (N = 95) investigated the relations of narcissism with social value orient... more The present experiment (N = 95) investigated the relations of narcissism with social value orientation under façade conditions of testing communal or agentic traits (or none - in a control condition). The results indicated that narcissism predicted less willingness to share resources with others and more competitive orientation in a façade communal condition compared to the remaining two conditions: control and agentic. The results confirm narcissistic disregard for communal domain and are consistent with the extended agency model of narcissism and the “success as a drawback” effect.

Download

Supplementary Material for Grandiose (communal and agentic) narcissism and predicted (dis) obedience in the Milgram paradigm

by Roksana Zdunek and Anna Czarna

Download

Anna Czarna

Uploads

Papers by Anna Czarna

Log In