umanistica digitale

Three precise categories of people are confronted with the complexity of medical language: physicians, patients and scientific translators. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for the implementation of a terminological tool that contributes to solve problems related to the opacity that characterizes communication in the medical field among its various actors. The main goals are: i) satisfy the peer-to-peer communication, ii) facilitate the comprehension of medical information by patients, and iii) provide a regularly updated resource for scientific translators. We illustrate our methodology and its application through the description of a multilingual terminological-phraseological resource named TriMED. This terminological database will consist of records designed to create a terminological bridge between the various registers (specialist, semi-specialist, non-specialist) as well as across the languages considered. In this initial analysis, we restricted to the fiel...

The aim of this research is to reconstruct the Italian bibliography of texts not included in the literary canon of the 20 th century. The sources surveyed for this purpose include SBN, InternetCulturale, AIB, resources belonging to international research centres, and Google Books, consulted to double-check questionable information. Building the online bibliography required the definition of the structure of bibliographic data. The model adopted is based on the authority records issued by SBN, which associates authors with hyperlinks to the sources used to disambiguate the entity and validate the sources themselves. The survey includes first and subsequent editions of the texts. The objective of the research is to re-think the bio-bibliography of works belonging to the 20 th century in the light of Digital Humanities.

Al fondamento del mestiere dello storico ci sono, com’è noto, la lettura, l’esegesi e il confronto delle fonti primarie e secondarie, che, per i medievisti, sono spesso scritte in idiomi morti come latino, greco, arabo classico, norreno o alto tedesco antico, e vergate a mano su supporti diversi (papiro, pergamena, pietra, metallo, terracotta, cera). Si tratta di peculiarità che il medievista ha in comune con gli specialisti del Mediterraneo e del Vicino Oriente antico e che richiede competenze tanto specifiche, quanto difficili da acquisire. Solo per fare un elenco di massima e limitato alle sole fonti scritte: paleografia, diplomatica, epigrafia, numismatica, archivistica, sfragistica e codicologia, per non parlare di filologia, linguistica e discipline affini. Se alla base del lavoro del public historian c’è spesso l’elaborazione di modalità partecipative nella narrazione della storia, basate sulla raccolta, trascrizione, lettura e pubblicazione delle fonti entro progetti di citizen science, tale percorso si rivela a dir poco accidentato per il medievista, che non può far leva su una base di competenze comuni – banalmente sulla capacità di “leggere” –, né sulla presenza, nei depositi familiari o individuali, di fonti condivisibili. Il medievista non può organizzare progetti fondati sul recupero di memorie personali o familiari, come non può usare – se non in casi peculiari – giornali, fotografie, audio o video, tipologie di fonti che rendono la Public History (da qui in poi PH) il terreno di elezione dello storico dell’età contemporanea.

Current parsing theory has an obvious English bias. Many of the p r o b l e m s d i s c u s s e d o r i g i n a t e in t y p i c a l f e a t u r e s of E n g l i s h such as the s c a r c i t y of s u r f a c e m o r p h o s y n t a c t i c m a rk er s, the scarcity of word forms, and the occurrence of certain types of a m b i g u o u s s y n t a c t i c structures. E.g. W i n o g r a d (1983, 544-5) argues that morphological phenomena do not lend themselves well to the methodology of generative grammar because of their high degree of irregularity and idiosyncracy. Furthermore, he opines that any analysis seeking to find m o r p h o l o g i c a l r e g u l a r i t i e s m u s t e x a m i n e wo rd s in t e r m s of their history. He ev en go es so far as to argue that, in c o n t r a s t to wh at holds for syntax, native sp e a k e r s do not util iz e g r a m m a t i c a l k n o w l e d g e in the p r o d u c t i o n and u n d e r s t a n d i n g of m o r p h o l o g i c a l struct...

In this paper, I discuss using digital names lists compiled from analog sources for social network analysis. Using examples from finding aids of archival collections, I demonstrate how social network analysis can show relationships and contrasts between different datasets of names or be used to show relationships within a single set of names. Data visualization tools such as Gephi aid in the analysis and present the relationships in an easily understandable way. Exposing relationships between collections or within a collection increases its findability.

Stylistics is the study of stylistic variation in languages and of how this is exploited by users. This definition is general enough as it covers that those who use the term stylistics would want to be covered by it. The undertaken study is a functional corpus-based stylistic analysis of a text in which the writer uses linguistic features like adjectives, nouns, conjunctions, and sentence complexity to portray the social and cultural conditions of the texts. The main concern is to analyse the linguistic patterns to illustrate how certain stylistic devices work together to reflect certain perspectives of social life and the writer's ideology. Thus, this study aims to stylistically analyse the lexical and semantic devices and features in Reem Bassiouney's novel "Mortal Designs." The data were analysed using AntConc software (version 4.0.10) with the help of TagAnt 2.0.4. The corpus size consisted of 71208 words. The paper highlights what is striking about Bassiouney's narrative style. Leech and Short's list is used as a

Nei giorni 22-23 giugno 2020 si è tenuto il webinar "Fonti archivistiche medievali nel digitale. La sfida di trattare e visualizzare dati semi-strutturati", organizzato dal Laboratorio di Cultura Digitale e dal responsabile del progetto Engineering Historical Memory. Questo dossier tematico vuole offrire un breve resoconto dei risultati del workshop tenuto su piattaforma virtuale, con particolare attenzione per quanto riguarda future iniziative di collaborazione e sperimentazione nel campo dell'elaborazione ed estrazione di informazioni da edizioni semi-strutturate di documenti archivistici. Funzionalità avanzate di questo tipo sono infatti essenziali per ampliare la fruizione delle edizioni digitali di fonti archivistiche e di altri documenti scritti, rendendole strumenti di ricerca più flessibili ed aperti alla lettura da parte di algoritmi. Il problema centrale riguarda il rapporto tra la codifica e la creazione di interfacce quanto più possibile semplici ed immediate, in cui l'utente (umano o artificiale) possa accedere intuitivamente. The webinar "Medieval archival sources in the digital world. The challenge of treating and visualizing semi-structured data", organized by the Laboratorio di Cultura Digitale and the head of the Engineering Historical Memory project, was held on 22-23 June 2020. This thematic dossier aims to offer a brief account of the results of the workshop held on a virtual platform, Umanistica Digitale

L'isolamento imposto dalla pandemia del Covid-19 ha obbligato le universita a dotarsi rapidamente di strumenti atti a consentire la prosecuzione dell'attivita didattica a distanza. Interventi piu disordinati e spontanei, tesi al medesimo scopo, sono stati attuati anche nel mondo della scuola. La comunita degli umanisti digitali e buona parte dei docenti, anche quelli prima blandamente o scarsamente interessati all’e-learning, hanno cominciato a riflettere sulle potenzialita e quindi sulle strategie per rendere efficace l’insegnamento con gli strumenti digitali genericamente intesi. Il 25 marzo 2020, all’interno del Seminario di Cultura Digitale (corso istituzionale del Cdl magistrale in Informatica Umanistica dell’Universita di Pisa), si e tenuto un dialogo telematico tra i due relatori, teso non a valutare l’efficacia dei mezzi adottati dai diversi enti formativi, ma a discutere le metodologie, le buone pratiche e gli strumenti necessari per attuarle, mettendo a disposizion...

The intrinsic concepts of the three yin and three yang diseases in <Shanghanlun> is unclear yet in spite of considerable controversy. In order to answer these problems, the structures of pathological transmission and anatomical terms used in the text were analyzed first. On these structural bases, the theoretical background and differential therapeutic principles of three yin and three yang disease classification. The organic structures frequently used in the text were heart, stomach, pancreas, blood chamber and urinary bladder, and the important regions in the transmission were chest, flank, epigastrium, abdomen, hypogastrium, groin on the other hand. When a host is invaded by extrinsic pathogen, an affinity is formed between the two based on the similarity of epidermal density condition and nutrient-defense features and existing disorders in the body. And then the symptoms show in 3 stages with 6 patterns in the general infective diseases. The initial stage is the period that the syndrome is limited in the external flesh area, and it mainly corresponds with taiyang bing besides the other exterior patterns of 3 yang and 2 yin bing. The middle stage is to the climax after the end of initial stage and it corresponds with mainly yangming bing including shaoyang and taiyin bing. In the terminal stage, the host gradually falls into exhaustive step or recovery phase, corresponding with shaoyin and jueyin bing. Conclusively, these dual meanings of three yang and yin should be a first guide and principle of treatment against various infective diseases.

In questo lavoro vengono descritte le principali attività di sviluppo del progetto EpiCUM con particolare riferimento agli aspetti realizzativi e funzionali dei risultati conseguiti. EpiCUM si propone di presentare e rendere fruibile con un unico museo digitale tutto il corpus epigrafico del museo civico Castello Ursino di Catania, codificato in EpiDoc. Il progetto nasce dalla collaborazione tra l'Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione del CNR e il Comune di Catania, ha visto l'interesse del progetto I.Sicily ed il coinvolgimento del liceo artistico M.M. Lazzaro di Catania con le attività di alternanza scuola-lavoro. La prima fase del progetto è stata dedicata soprattutto alla ricognizione delle epigrafi e all'allestimento della mostra Voci di Pietra che propone una selezione di epigrafi secondo modalità di esposizione innovative attraverso l'uso intelligente della tecnologia e del digitale. Nella fase successiva ci si è concentrati sull'analisi e sulla codifica nel formato aperto EpiDoc di tutte le iscrizioni del museo civico e sulla realizzazione del museo digitale. Tutte le informazioni sulle epigrafi sono codificate in EpiDoc all'interno di file XML e sono facilmente accessibili attraverso le varie sezioni del museo digitale in cui vengono presentate in maniera semplice e intuitiva visualizzandole all'interno di schede epigrafiche. Le schede epigrafiche forniscono l'accesso ai file XML contenenti le codifiche EpiDoc. Le informazioni epigrafiche possono essere interrogate opportunamente attraverso una sezione del museo digitale dedicata alle ricerche. Con questa modalità di organizzazione delle informazioni epigrafiche nel museo digitale si rende fruibile, per diversi scopi, l'intero patrimonio epigrafico del museo civico catanese sia agli studiosi del settore, ma anche a tutte le altre tipologie di possibili utenti. Si osservi che al fine di facilitare la navigazione attraverso le informazioni epigrafiche, si è pensato di includere in maniera autonoma anche le informazioni riguardanti l'ambito religioso, le collezioni di provenienza e lo status di copia delle epigrafi, codificandole all'interno dei file XML attraverso uno specifico set di elementi di marcatura EpiDoc appositamente selezionati. This work describes the main development activities of the EpiCUM project with particular reference to the implementation and functional aspects of the results achieved within it. EpiCUM aims to present and make available within a single digital museum the whole epigraphic corpus

This paper presents a rich collaborative exchange between diverse institutions and professions engaged in research, conservation and education, brought together in the context of the Italian school-work exchange programme and with the aim of digitising, studying, and giving access to the epigraphic collection of the Museo Civico Castello Ursino of the city of Catania. The Museum is home to an important set of ancient inscribed texts on stone, with its origins in two local 18th-century antiquarian collections. A number of inscriptions were already on display following older criteria of museum exhibition; but most of the collection is held in storage. Therefore, one of the objectives of the collaboration is to make the rich epigraphic collection of the museum that is not on display accessible to the general public and academic researchers alike. The initial work of the three-year project concerned the digitisation of the catalogue records, as well as the graphic and photographic documentation of the inscriptions; during the second year, an exhibition was mounted in the Castello Ursino to present a selection of inscriptions from Catania. These inscriptions were the focus of an initial round of conservation work and were added to the digital catalogue together with supporting documentation. The inscriptions are encoded in accordance with international standards and controlled vocabularies (in EpiDoc TEI-XML, using Pleiades for geographical locations, and the controlled vocabularies of the EAGLE project for epigraphic types, materials and supports), with the aim of facilitating the creation of Linked Open Data. The exhibition includes two videos and a digital multimedia terminal to enable access to a wider range of materials as well as 3D imaging. The third year will be devoted to finalising both digitisation and documentation, and to more extensive result dissemination via the World Wide Web.

Conceptual Analysis (CA) is a matter-of-course practice for philosophers and other scholars in the humanities. Exploring one author’s corpus of texts in order to discover the various properties of a concept is a classic example of CA. Recently, a corpus-based computational framework for CA has been emerging in response to the methodological challenges brought about by the massive digitization of texts. In this framework, CA is approached by implementing a computer-assisted text analysis method, within which algorithms are used to support the various cognitive operations involved in CA. In this article, we focus on the retrieval of relevant text segments for analysis. However, this is a complex issue within a computational framework, since the relation between concept and natural language depends on several semantic phenomena, including synonymy , polysemy, and contextual modulation . The main contribution of this article is methodological because it explores the computational approa...

This paper 1 outlines the current progress in the development of an innovative living lab methodology named The Art of Crowddreaming. The Stati Generali dell'Innovazione (SGI) together with the Digital Cultural Heritage, Arts & Humanities School (DiCultHer)-an interdisciplinary network of over 70 Italian organizations including universities, research entities, cultural institutions and associations-has designed and defined such methodology since 2016, testing models to build soft skills required to co-create, manage, preserve and safeguard digital cultural heritage. The methodology has been proven to be able to engage innovators, researchers, youth of schools of any grade and other societal actors as a community in the challenge to invent, co-design and build prototypes of cross-generational digital cultural heritage applying the innovative Digital Cultural Monuments process. The experimentation of the methodology is illustrated by means of two case studies of Museater collaborative creation. Quintana 4D engaged students of schools of any grade in the City of Foligno in an transdisciplinary effort to design, expand and manage the Museater of the Joust of Quintana. Heritellers engaged students of "F. De Sanctis" high school for classical studies in the City of Trani in the making of "CastleTrApp", a digital storytelling app and a Museater performance about the famous Swabian Castle of their City.

La Didattica a Distanza (DaD) tramite tecnologie digitali, che il sistema scolastico nazionale ha dovuto adottare con la massima urgenza in seguito al blocco totale di tutte le attività formative e all'isolamento preventivo necessari per arginare la drammatica diffusione del COVID-19, ha attivato dibattiti, confronti, riflessioni quanto mai stimolanti sul potenziale che queste tecnologie potrebbero avere nel non molto distante futuro post-pandemia.

Impact and sustainability are the leitmotiv of current Research Policies in Europe. Science is required to show its positive socioeconomic influence on Society, and Humanities Research is not exempt from this requirement. Within this context, Digital Humanities might enhance the external impact of Humanities Research, more specifically the commitment to public engagement, by means of strategic opportunities offered by digital techniques. To pursue this objective, intermediation seems necessary in order 'to switch on the Humanities' within Society. Indeed, virtual objects might be as silent as real ones, i.e. unused books in a library. The value of a Digital approach lies in its usability, in the additional tools and help it supplies, and in stimulating users in becoming active agents of their reading. As in good storytelling, the consideration of what can provoke reactions is as important as the narrated action itself. Digital objects can be used to stimulate and trigger users' curiosity, questions and original solutions. The paper concentrates on three elements: the requirement for external impact of research activities; the need for intermediary agents and a concrete experimentation of intermediation. Digital Humanities are analysed in the context of the Humanities and beyond the academic realm in their targeting of diverse recipients, external to the scientific community. The test conducted so far is addressed to the specific stakeholder community of teachers, whom are called to act as intermediaries between Humanities Research outcomes and the scholarly community.

L&#39;uso di software di riconoscimento OCR per convertire i caratteri stampati in testo digitale è uno strumento fondamentale per quanto riguarda l&#39;ambito di studio degli approcci diacronici all&#39;analisi del discorso politico attraverso i corpora (CADS studies). Tuttavia, i software OCR non sono totalmente affidabili, e il loro tasso di fallibilità può compromettere l&#39;analisi. Questo articolo propone un approccio qualitativo-quantitativo al rilevamento e alla correzione degli errori post scansione OCR al fine di sviluppare una metodologia per migliorare la qualità dei corpora all&#39;interno degli studi storici. Abbiamo applicato la metodologia sviluppata a due casi di studio su giornali dell&#39;inizio del XX secolo per l&#39;analisi linguistica delle rappresentazioni metaforico delle migrazioni e delle pandemie. Il risultato di questo progetto consiste in un insieme di regole che sono valide per diversi contesti e applicabili a diversi corpora e che possono essere riut...

Language interference is common in today&#39;s multilingual societies where more languages are in contact, and as a global result leads to the creation of hybrid languages. These, together with doubts on their right to be officially recognised, emerged the problem of their automatic identification and further elaboration in the area of computational linguistics. In this paper, we propose a first attempt to identify the elements of a Ukrainian-Russian hybrid language, Surzhyk, through the adoption of the example-based rules created with the instruments of programming language R. Our example-based study consists of: 1) analysis of spoken samples of Surzhyk registered by Del Gaudio (2010) in Kyiv area and creation of the written corpus; 2) production of specific rules on the identification of Surzhyk patterns and their implementation; 3) testing the code and analysing the effectiveness of the hybrid language classifier.

The present research is aimed at conducting a study with regard to Russian-Italian medical translation on the current development of two Machine Translation tools that feature prominently in today’s Neural Machine Translation framework, namely DeepL and Yandex. For the purpose of our research, we have selected a number of Russian medical articles: three highly specialized and three popular-science articles concerning coronavirus pandemic. Such a choice is justified by the willingness not only to analyse recently published scientific documents but also to investigate the particular linguistic implications of 2020’s coronavirus pandemic outbreak. In fact, during the period of pandemic a set of terms has been introduced and coined in  every-day communication and entered the boundaries of scientific terminology. We have considered this existing linguistic phenomenon as a proper condition to test the performances of Machine Translation tools. In particular, we discuss the most relevant f...

One of the most urgent challenges for European academic and cultural institutions is to promote an intelligent use of materials and resources available on the web, by implementing best practices of web archiving, and building scientifically valid databases which can have a positive social impact. This paper will present the theoretical and methodological framework of Eredità Culturali, an ongoing project that aims at answering this challenge by focusing on the Florentine cultural heritage. The first stage of Eredità Culturali consisted in surveying similar initiatives within the European research landscape and examining national and international cataloguing models and standards to build a data entry prototype that interacts with other systems. Hence, a flexible and open-access web platform has been designed to validate, preserve and consult cultural information from disparate data sets into a single archive. A geo-referenced information system has also been developed, in which four databases designed by the Department's research groups of Geography, Archaeology, Performing Arts and Book History will converge and make sound Umanistica Digitale

L’articolo presenta il progetto di didattica integrata Filosofia & Migrazioni. Progettare, realizzare e promuovere contenuti culturali digitali ( https://filosofiamigrazioni.wordpress.com/ ) nato nel 2017 dalla collaborazione tra ricercatrici di Storia e di Filosofia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) e della Societa Filosofica Italiana (SFI) - Sezione Romana. Nell’articolo viene descritto il progetto e il modello di progetto realizzato attraverso il lavoro congiunto di ricercatori, docenti e studenti come esempio di integrazione dei programmi curriculari con lo studio delle migrazioni contemporanee e lo sviluppo di competenze e contenuti digitali. La presentazione si concentra sulle molteplici connessioni tra mondo della ricerca e mondo della scuola; la complementarieta e l’integrazione fra conoscenze e competenze; l’importanza di un uso critico e consapevole degli strumenti e delle metodologie digitali. Si sottolineano i diversi elementi di criticita individuati soprattu...

Semic analysis is a linguistic technique aimed at capturing the essential specificities of terms meaning through the identification of minimum semantic units. This procedure is functional for the achievement of an in-depth comprehension of technical terminology and the acquisition of a specialised conceptual knowledge. In this paper, we focus on semic analysis applied to medical terminology. In particular, we discuss some preliminary considerations in order to establish the starting points for a systematic approach to semic analysis. Firstly, we propose a preliminary experiment to 1) study users’ perception of semic analysis and 2) validate the absence of systematicity in its performance. On the basis of the resulting data, we secondly propose a methodology aiming at increasing the systematic factorisation of semic analysis. Finally, we propose an experimental study in order to investigate on the potential interrelation in terms of applicability and productivity of Word Embeddings w...

Sir. Arthur Conan Doyle was an esteemed and highly experienced physician and much of his medical knowledge spreads into his literary works. In this paper, we propose to study the medical terminology in the stories of Sherlock Holmes through the combination of a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Our approach is based on  1) the automatic extraction of medical terminology through the tidytext R package for text analyses, 2) a terminological analysis by means of the model of terminological record designed for the TriMED database, and 3) the study of collocations through the linguistic tool Sketch Engine. Thanks to this approach, we perform a linguistic analysis in order to evaluate  different terminological aspects such as: the semantic variation due to temporal and historical factors, the difference of the context of use, the change of meaning based on the reference corpus, the variation of use depending on speakers/writers register and, finally, the relationship ...

We report the case of a 65-year-old female with burn injury from scalds. She was observed with a burn injury of the right arm and leg that occurred 6 days before. She was treated with pharmacoacupuncture Soyeom, and herb medicine daily for 3 weeks. After Twenty days, burn wound size was reduced and tissue regeneration was accelerated. In conclusion, it is our belief that pharmacoacupuncture and herb medicine is effective to treat burn injury, and future studies will be required to ascertain this method on burn injury.

Digital Scholarly Editions (DSE) are a powerful tool for disseminating cultural heritage. As long as Semantic Web technologies become a de facto standard for disseminating cultural heritage data, DSE are a missing bit that must be integrated in the LOD Cloud. Despite a number of standards are in place for exchanging data about encoded texts (XML/TEI, noSQL database, RESTful API), a number of key elements are missing, namely: (1) a comprehensive workflow for publishing DSE as knowledge graphs, (2) data models for identifying concepts and relationships characterising DSE, and (3) a cost-benefit analysis of the usage of such technologies. In this paper we present the proof-of-concept DSE of Paolo Bufalini&#39;s notebook so as to address, discuss, and evaluate aforementioned issues.

This paper introduces similarities and differences between disciplines dealing with the formal description of cultural heritage. A particular focus is given to the usage of Semantic Web technologies to add value to data. By sharing open data and building a network of relations between cultural objects, the Linked Open Data cloud can be a new tool for disseminating knowledge. A case study on the Fondazione Zeri photo archive is here presented so as to exemplify methods and ontologies adopted for integrating domains.

The spread of digital textuality through conversational processes characterizes the social web. The diffusion of this phenomenon makes it necessary to identify those characteristics that form the basis of a profitable and conscious approach through an analysis that includes all those cases and related reflections that are transversal to the typographical and computational paradigms and textual and visual communication. The aim is to balance the performative/narrative aspect on the one hand and the logical/structural aspect on the other within the context of an active participation.

Executive Summary This technical report introduces the data model developed to address the systematic collection and use of reading experiences in READ-IT project. The model of reading presented in this document is meant to inform the development of the READ-IT database and tools. This document describes the methodological approach and design principles adopted in the development of the model of reading. Furthermore, this technical report describes the content of the first version of the data model of the reading experience, including a preliminary analysis of the alignments between READ-IT model of reading with CIDOC-CRM, FRBRoo, FoaF and Schema.org.

Since 2015, the Digital Cultural Heritage, Arts & Humanities School (DiCultHer) – an interdisciplinary network of over 70 Italian organizations including universities, research entities, cultural institutions and associations – has tested models to build soft skills required to co-create, manage, preserve and safeguard digital cultural heritage. This paper outlines the current state of advancement in the development of an innovative living lab methodology named The Art of Crowddreaming. Such methodology has been implemented within the network activities, and it has been proven to be able to engage innovators, researchers, schools of any grade and other societal actors as a community in the challenge to invent, co-design and build prototypes of cross-generational digital monuments. The methodology is illustrated by means of two case studies. Quintana 4D engaged schools of any grade in the City of Foligno in an trans-disciplinary effort to design, expand and manage the Museater of the...

This paper outlines the current progress in the development of an innovative living lab methodology named The Art of Crowddreaming. The Stati Generali dell’Innovazione (SGI) together with the Digital Cultural Heritage, Arts & Humanities School (DiCultHer) – an interdisciplinary network of over 70 Italian organizations including universities, research entities, cultural institutions and associations – has designed and defined such methodology since 2016, testing models to build soft skills required to co-create, manage, preserve and safeguard digital cultural heritage. The methodology has been proven to be able to engage innovators, researchers, youth of schools of any grade and other societal actors as a community in the challenge to invent, co-design and build prototypes of cross-generational digital cultural heritage applying the innovative Digital Cultural Monuments process. The experimentation of the methodology is illustrated by means of two case studies of Museater collaborati...

The paper outlines a pattern recognition process, which uses a graphic matching algorithm based on a shape contour recognition function without the need to apply segmentation. The process starts from the identification of a Region of Interest (ROI) within the image. The ROI is then managed for the creation of the shape model then used to perform searches for similar models in one or more target images. The system has been developed and tested with the aim of proposing an innovative approach in the research and retrieval of information in digital libraries related to ancient manuscript and printed documentation. This approach is based on the application to the  data humanities  of the  fourth knowledge paradigm  that underlies  data science . Following this approach, the algorithm is used to deduce new research hypotheses through the discovery of models directly inferred from large digital libraries.

La Didattica a Distanza (DaD) tramite tecnologie digitali, che il sistema scolastico nazionale ha dovuto adottare con la massima urgenza in seguito al blocco totale di tutte le attivita formative e all’isolamento preventivo necessari per arginare la drammatica diffusione del COVID-19, ha attivato dibattiti, confronti, riflessioni quanto mai stimolanti sul potenziale che queste tecnologie potrebbero avere nel non molto distante futuro post-pandemia.In seguito ad alcune sollecitazioni emerse da un webinar dal titolo “Approcci digitali per la didattica della storia: interazione, creazione, riuso di risorse online”, tenutosi il 20 aprile 2020 nell’ambito del progetto dell’INDIRE Le reti Avanguardie educative, Piccole Scuole e eTwinning a supporto dell’emergenza sanitaria, si e avuto uno spontaneo scambio di mail sulla funzione e sul potenziale degli sfondi nell’ambito della DaD tra il relatore Nicola Barbuti e Isabel de Maurissens, ricercatrice dell’INDIRE che ha maturato una rilevante ...

La rivoluzione digitale porta con se la sfida piu complessa della contemporaneita. Il digitale ha trasformato completamente le modalita di produzione, trasmissione e condivisione del sapere e il nostro modo stesso d’interagire con esso. Diventa ineludibile ripensare il digitale e la digitalizzazione quali espressioni sociali e culturali dell’epoca contemporanea. Il che comporta la necessita di ripensare i dati digitali in quanto entita culturali prodotte dalle societa, e non piu quali meri strumenti di semplificazione della gestione amministrativa o surroghe virtuali del patrimonio culturale analogico. Diviene urgente intraprendere serie politiche finalizzate a garantirne la conservazione non solo degli aspetti formali, ma soprattutto degli aspetti strutturali e descrittivi che ne qualificano e identificano i processi creativi ed evolutivi, e ne giustificano il ruolo di testimoni e memoria storica da trasferire nell’integrita dei processi nel tempo e nello spazio. Il presente contri...

The advent of the digital age has had an enormous impact on the way we research, teach and think about language (Leech 1992: 1). In digital humanities, the application of computer-assisted methods can facilitate investigation of corpora, (i.e. digitised samples of language in use), lead to discoveries barely detectable with the naked eye and help put interpretation by intuition to test. Such methods can also assist in investigation of the language of single texts, and make our close reading more effective. This article aims to suggest how we may investigate the narrative voices in a work of fiction through the program Wmatrix (Rayson 2009). The case study under analysis is Conrad’s Bildungsroman The Shadow-Line, A Confession (1917), a story revolving around a young inexperienced sea-captain who, during his first command of a ship, has to overcome a series of difficulties to accomplish his mission. In this work, the neat divide between the I protagonist-narrator’s internal world and ...

L&#39;uso di software di riconoscimento OCR per convertire i caratteri stampati in testo digitale è uno strumento fondamentale per quanto riguarda l&#39;ambito di studio degli approcci diacronici all&#39;analisi del discorso politico attraverso i corpora (CADS studies). Tuttavia, i software OCR non sono totalmente affidabili, e il loro tasso di fallibilità può compromettere l&#39;analisi. Questo articolo propone un approccio qualitativo-quantitativo al rilevamento e alla correzione degli errori post scansione OCR al fine di sviluppare una metodologia per migliorare la qualità dei corpora all&#39;interno degli studi storici. Abbiamo applicato la metodologia sviluppata a due casi di studio su giornali dell&#39;inizio del XX secolo per l&#39;analisi linguistica delle rappresentazioni metaforico delle migrazioni e delle pandemie. Il risultato di questo progetto consiste in un insieme di regole che sono valide per diversi contesti e applicabili a diversi corpora e che possono essere riut...

Language interference is common in today&#39;s multilingual societies where more languages are in contact, and as a global result leads to the creation of hybrid languages. These, together with doubts on their right to be officially recognised, emerged the problem of their automatic identification and further elaboration in the area of computational linguistics. In this paper, we propose a first attempt to identify the elements of a Ukrainian-Russian hybrid language, Surzhyk, through the adoption of the example-based rules created with the instruments of programming language R. Our example-based study consists of: 1) analysis of spoken samples of Surzhyk registered by Del Gaudio (2010) in Kyiv area and creation of the written corpus; 2) production of specific rules on the identification of Surzhyk patterns and their implementation; 3) testing the code and analysing the effectiveness of the hybrid language classifier.

The present research is aimed at conducting a study with regard to Russian-Italian medical translation on the current development of two Machine Translation tools that feature prominently in today’s Neural Machine Translation framework, namely DeepL and Yandex. For the purpose of our research, we have selected a number of Russian medical articles: three highly specialized and three popular-science articles concerning coronavirus pandemic. Such a choice is justified by the willingness not only to analyse recently published scientific documents but also to investigate the particular linguistic implications of 2020’s coronavirus pandemic outbreak. In fact, during the period of pandemic a set of terms has been introduced and coined in  every-day communication and entered the boundaries of scientific terminology. We have considered this existing linguistic phenomenon as a proper condition to test the performances of Machine Translation tools. In particular, we discuss the most relevant f...

This paper aims to enter the ongoing debate about the criticalities of digital pedagogy through the presentation of Digital WHOmanities, a series of online conferences and workshops held at the University of Bologna. Distance learning has become one of the most discussed topics in educational institutions during the spread of Covid-19, revealing a discrepancy between the rapid development of technology and the ability of learning environments to adapt to this turn. In view of this ongoing debate, Digital WHOmanities tried to define the complex and multifaceted figure of the digital humanist and to provide a methodological framework that could foster further online academic initiatives. Specifically, the accurate organization of timing and contents and the adoption of synchronous and asynchronous approaches have highlighted the effectiveness of a flexible digital didactic.

This article presents a digital edition of the 17th century diplomatic correspondence of Benoit Cise de Gresy . The first part of the paper introduces the author, while the second part examines the traditional critical printed edition and the changes made to the texts. The paper discusses the benefits of text modernisation for content comprehension even if this comes at the expense of the language&#39;s idiosyncrasies. An examination of a number of existing digital editions of correspondence frames the description of the digital edition of Benoit Cise de Gresy&#39;s correspondence , outlining the technologies used (EVT and oXygen) and the advantages afforded by the digital medium. An example of linguistic annotation with TreeTagger is also presented in order to illustrate some of the software&#39;s current issues in the treatment of modern and old French. In this regard, the paper discusses existing efforts by a number of European research groups - PRESTO in particular - to tailor l...

We present DanteSources, a focused Digital Library that aims at building innovative services supporting scholars in creating, evolving and consulting a digital encyclopaedia of Dante Alighieri’s works. DanteSources is endowed with Web services that allow extracting and visualizing data about Dante Alighieri’s primary sources, i.e. other authors’ works which Dante referred to in his own works. The heart of the digital library is a knowledge base built on an ontology that was developed in the RDF/S language, representing Dante’s works and the knowledge about them, extracted from some authoritative commentaries. Finally, on top of this graph, we developed DanteSources, which allows users to extract and display the knowledge stored in the knowledge base in the form of charts and tables. The methodology and the tool we developed are easily reusable to represent the knowledge about primary sources of other authors of the Italian or the international literature.

Semic analysis is a linguistic technique aimed at capturing the essential specificities of terms meaning through the identification of minimum semantic units. This procedure is functional for the achievement of an in-depth comprehension of technical terminology and the acquisition of a specialised conceptual knowledge. In this paper, we focus on semic analysis applied to medical terminology. In particular, we discuss some preliminary considerations in order to establish the starting points for a systematic approach to semic analysis. Firstly, we propose a preliminary experiment to 1) study users’ perception of semic analysis and 2) validate the absence of systematicity in its performance. On the basis of the resulting data, we secondly propose a methodology aiming at increasing the systematic factorisation of semic analysis. Finally, we propose an experimental study in order to investigate on the potential interrelation in terms of applicability and productivity of Word Embeddings w...