The History of Print

The article examines the existing forms of legal protection of olfactory heritage in international law and in national legal systems, regulating the protection of individual classes of cultural objects as holders of national identity and cultural heritage. The author suggests to divide protective norms into three classes: general, indirect ("package") and formulaic (technological). He examines key international conventions, framework agreements and protocols, as well as national legal norms that have a direct or indirect relation to odours as an integral part of the world, national and regional cultural heritage. Among the issues, analysed in the article in the sphere of protective norms of conventions on tangible and intangible heritage, is the issue of materiality/im- materiality of odours, as well as the issues of the potential of such forms of protection as the intellectual property and trademark protection, and a wide range of methods and forms of odour protection both at the international and at the national and regional levels. The effect of legal measures to protect aromas is illustrated by the cases of protecting the character and quality of wines and cheeses, whose aroma profiles are considered as their essential characteristics.

Анализируются существующие формы правовой защиты ольфакторного наследия в международном праве и национальных правовых системах, регламентирующие защиту отдельных классов культурных объектов как носителей национальной идентичности и культурного наследия. Защитные нормы разделяются на три класса – общие, косвенные («пакетные») и формульные (направленные на технологии). Рассматриваются ключевые международные конвенции, рамочные соглашения и протоколы, а также национальные правовые нормы, имеющие прямое или косвенное отношение к запахам как неотъемлемой части мирового, национального и регионального культурного наследия. Среди анализируемых в статье проблем применения защитных норм конвенций по охране материального и нематериального наследия затрагивается проблема ма- териальности/нематериальности запахов, а также возможности таких форм за- щиты, как нормы защиты интеллектуальной собственности и торговой марки и широкий спектр реализуемых методов и форм защиты запахов как на международном, так и на национальном и региональном уровнях. Действие правовых мер защиты ароматов иллюстрируется на примерах защиты характера и качества вин и сыров, неотъемлемыми характеристиками которых считаются их ароматические профили.

El presente trabajo pretende dar cuenta del contexto cultural hispano-sardo de finales del siglo XVII a través de la observación de la actividad tipográfica y literaria de una de sus figuras más relevantes: Hilario Galcerín. Así, por un lado, se ilustra la producción editorial de la imprenta de Galcerín para destacar cómo se integra en un discurso más general sobre las relaciones intelectuales y de poder de la élite isleña. En segundo lugar, se profundiza en la obra literaria de Galcerín, centrando el análisis principalmente en la Carta a un amigo, un opúsculo de circunstancia impreso en 1682. Se presta especial atención al uso de las fuentes, entre las que el Mondo simbolico de Filippo Picinelli desempeña un papel central. Para concluir, con el fin de ofrecer una visión global de la actividad editorial, se presenta un catálogo de las publicaciones de la estampería familiar en los años en que Hilario fue su propietario.

This article explores the role of education in shaping new ideals of womanhood in the Late Ottoman Empire, focusing on the women's magazine Kadınlar Dünyası (1913-1921). By utilising George Mosse's conceptualisation of stereotypes as positive constructs together with David Tjeder's countertypes, the study investigates how the emerging ideal of an educated Turkish woman was portrayed and how education influenced power relations among women. I argue that the roots of the ideal modern Republican woman can be traced back to discussions on women's education and status in the modernising Ottoman Empire. By analysing articles and visual elements, I highlight the multifaceted nature of these ideals and the complex formation and relationship of stereotypes and countertypes. This study contributes to the scholarship surrounding women's education and press by demonstrating how educational discourse provided a platform for women to influence sociopolitical changes, ultimately fostering the emergence of a modern Turkish identity.

Lo studio ricostruisce la storia della biblioteca-archivio del convento dei cappuccini di Pescarenico (Lecco), noto attraverso "I Promessi Sposi" di Alessandro Manzoni. A partire dalla "Cronichetta" di frate Bernardo da Acquate e da fonti inedite conservate presso l'Archivio di Stato di Milano, si ripercorrono le vicende del patrimonio documentario e librario dei frati, con particolare riguardo alla sua dispersione a seguito delle soppressioni napoleoniche. Specifica attenzione è dedicata alla conservazione, alla circolazione e all’identificazione dei volumi superstiti, attualmente conservati in biblioteche svizzere. Esplorando questi aspetti, lo studio evidenzia gli interessi culturali e il ruolo dei cappuccini nella gestione di una biblioteca-archivio all'interno di un convento che, pur essendo geograficamente marginale, occupa un posto centrale nella storia della letteratura.

Abstract: This article by a co–founding member of Mujeres Activas en Letras y Cambio Social (MALCS) provides personal reflections and a brief overview of the iterations of the organization’s journal, originally Voces, and
now called Chicana/Latina Studies: The Journal of Mujeres Activas en Letras y Cambio Social. The article demonstrates the early mission by the organization to provide a space for Chicanas and Latinas engaged in both the academic world of letters and social change in communities, toward creating new epistemologies and methodologies.

Доклад рассматривает философское движение австралийского реализма как основу для расширения понятия субъекта за пределы европейского контекста. Через анализ идей Джона Андерсона и их развитие у Аллана Джеймса Бэйкера подчёркивается значение «ситуации» как основы познания истины. Особое внимание уделяется богословским подходам Иоанна Хриссавгиса и Данкана Рида, в которых австралийские природные и культурные условия — включая коренные знания — раскрываются как источники антропологического смысла и философской рефлексии.

Storia delle immaginazioni stravaganti del Signor Oufle The subject of censorship of printed images has not received as much attention as that of censorship of texts, at least as far as the historical states of Italy are concerned. The aim of this essay is therefore to contribute to this line of research, starting with the publishing history of Storia delle immaginazioni stravaganti del Signor Oufle, a successful work by Laurent Bordelon first published in France and then translated and published in various countries including the Serenissima, in which a form of self-censorship suggested the removal of images of witches and devils. The article investigates the reasons for this, in the light of the particular cultural and religious context of the time.

This project investigates the case of a prominent bibliography and dataset of American fiction, the Wright American Fiction bibliography, and traces how the discrete items within that set come to compose a part of the whole as a result of human decisions, circumstances, and interpretations. Lyle Wright created a three-volume bibliography of American fiction from 1776 to 1900 in which he described over 10,000 texts. Wright's work became a guide for libraries and archives, but it has also informed the creation of digital datasets of American literature, including Indiana University's Wright American Fiction Project or Gale Cengage's American Fiction 1774-1920 collection, which provide digital facsimiles and plain text versions of the titles listed by Wright for scholars. The bibliography's corpus has been invaluable for big data scholars desiring access to early American texts, but its use does not come without consequences. Minority authors, particularly Indigenous American authors are excluded. Some works are erroneously included, such as Harriet Jacobs' autobiographical Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861). Canonical works are sometimes omitted, such as Walt Whitman's novel Franklin Evans (1842) or Louisa May Alcott's Little Women (1868). The projects that use Wright as their basis reproduce these errors and decisions in their digitizing of Wright's original list, ultimately affecting the datasets used by scholars. This work demonstrates how these idiosyncrasies of the Wright American Fiction bibliography come into existence and the effects Wright's decisions have had on work that relies on his list. As the humanities become increasingly interested in data, and the use of computational methods of analysis become more prominent, research such as mine is positioned to affect the ways in which scholars view the objects from which they derive their arguments. This work demonstrates how a list of American fiction titles is assembled, and reveals the process to be an interpretive and debatable process.

This project investigates the case of a prominent bibliography and dataset of American fiction, the Wright American Fiction bibliography, and traces how the discrete items within that set come to compose a part of the whole as a result of human decisions, circumstances, and interpretations. Lyle Wright created a three-volume bibliography of American fiction from 1776 to 1900 in which he described over 10,000 texts. Wright's work became a guide for libraries and archives, but it has also informed the creation of digital datasets of American literature, including Indiana University's Wright American Fiction Project or Gale Cengage's American Fiction 1774-1920 collection, which provide digital facsimiles and plain text versions of the titles listed by Wright for scholars. The bibliography's corpus has been invaluable for big data scholars desiring access to early American texts, but its use does not come without consequences. Minority authors, particularly Indigenous American authors are excluded. Some works are erroneously included, such as Harriet Jacobs' autobiographical Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861). Canonical works are sometimes omitted, such as Walt Whitman's novel Franklin Evans (1842) or Louisa May Alcott's Little Women (1868). The projects that use Wright as their basis reproduce these errors and decisions in their digitizing of Wright's original list, ultimately affecting the datasets used by scholars. This work demonstrates how these idiosyncrasies of the Wright American Fiction bibliography come into existence and the effects Wright's decisions have had on work that relies on his list. As the humanities become increasingly interested in data, and the use of computational methods of analysis become more prominent, research such as mine is positioned to affect the ways in which scholars view the objects from which they derive their arguments. This work demonstrates how a list of American fiction titles is assembled, and reveals the process to be an interpretive and debatable process.

Воскресенская церковь Деревяницкого монастыря: храмы XIV и XVII веков А. М. Салимов, В. В. Зубарёв Церковь Воскресения на Торгу и торопецкое зодчество XVII века Т. А. Островская Архитектурные детали утраченного иконостаса церкви Св. великомученицы Варвары в Ярославле в собрании музея-заповедника Коломенское-Измайлово-Люблино А. Н. Трифонова Царские врата из новгородской церкви Петра и Павла на Славне Е. А. Попова Декоративный мотив «ваза с цветами» на изразцах в собрании Русского музея * * * * * А. В. Гамлицкий Увражи на библейскую тематику: общие иконографические образцы европейских, русских, китайских художников XVII века С. Франклин О неизвестном экземпляре Библии Мериана с подписями на русском языке Содержание СОДЕРЖАНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

Avva Dorotei, „Învățături de suflet folositoare” (Kiev, 1628)
este un text fundamental pentru viața monahală din toate epocile. Cartea
a fost tipărită de o echipă formată din călugări de mare prestigiu
cultural, coordonată de frații Pamvo și Ștefan Berânda, despre care majoritatea cercetătorilor consideră că erau români de origine, născuți în
nordul Moldovei. Pe lângă faptul că au contribuit la dezvoltarea culturii
ruse, Pamvo și Ștefan Berânda, împreună cu lucrările lor, trebuie să
fie incluși în istoria culturii române. În plus, ediția este foarte rară: au
fost găsite 11 exemplare, dintre care șapte în zona slavă și trei în zona
românească.

Verzeichnis der wissenschaftlichen Publikationen von Anja Wolkenhauer. Die Titel sind innerhalb der Abteilungen chronologisch aufsteigend angeführt. Ältere Titel sind, soweit es die Rechtslage zulässt, auch digital bei academia.edu oder über den Zweitpublikationsserver der Universität Tübingen zugänglich.

List of scientific publications by Anja Wolkenhauer. The titles are listed in chronological order. Older titles are also accessible digitally at academia.edu or via the "Zwitpublikationsserver"  of the University of Tübingen, as far as the legal situation allows.

The Archive of Charles University is taking care about a collection of writing calendars from the years 1679-1786, mostly the German version of "Titular-Kalender zu Ehren Sancti Wenceslai", that were released by the privileged publishers (Johann Arnolt von Dobroslawin, Karl Gerzabek, Georg Labaun). These calendars were originally stored in the frames of archival funds (namely in so-called Bachmann's Manipulation), but later they were transferred to the collection of old prints. Most of the calendars include the handwritten remarks of their users: 1) before the end of the 40's of the 18th century undoubtedly officers of the university transformation; 2) in the second half of the 18th century a private person. The importance of the collection is based on their close connection with the practice of administration at the baroque university.

Introduction: The brain is a complex system that consumes a significant amount of energy and oxygen, and its chemical reactions are responsible for actions and behaviors. The nervous system consists of billions of specialized cells that transmit messages through electrical impulses. The stimulation of nerve cells can lead to various symptoms such as increased heart rate, restlessness, and muscle contraction. Materials and Methods: This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine central and peripheral nervous system stimulants, including their functional mechanisms. Results: The text is a summary of the effects of Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulants, which increase dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin levels in the brain. The commonly abused stimulants include cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine. Their abuse can lead to symptoms such as restlessness, anxiety, and hyperactivity, while overdose can cause aggressive behavior, cardiac problems, and even death. Discussion and Conclusion: Stimulant compounds can temporarily increase alertness, mood, and physical capacity, and reduce fatigue. They can be classified into three categories: psychomotor stimulants, analeptics, and anorexic drugs. Psychomotor stimulants, such as methylxanthines, amphetamines, methylphenidate, and pemoline, primarily activate brain functions and mental/physical activity.

从18世纪下半叶开始，英国依托东印度公司将重心从北美转移至东方，加尔各答也逐渐成为其战略要塞。英格兰教会福音派利用向东印度公司选派专职牧师的机会，差派福音派牧师前往印度。而以浸礼会为代表的不从教者牧师亦组建传道会，差派宣教士到印度传教并建立差会，因其毗邻加尔各答的地理优势以及与英格兰教会福音派牧师密切交往，塞兰坡差会成为19世纪初英国海外圣经翻译的中心。本文围绕塞兰坡差会《圣经》汉译，通过考察安立甘宗福音派牧师、英国圣经公会对塞兰坡差会圣经翻译的直接影响以及东印度公司明托等人对《论语》英译本的支持，证明布坎南等为代表的英格兰教会福音派牧师、英国圣经公会和东印度公司不仅在塞兰坡差会启动《圣经》汉译和中文出版中发挥了重要作用，也为19世纪早期基督新教中文圣经翻译和加尔各答地区的中文印刷出版奠定了基础。

Like other writings of Niccolò Machiavelli, his probably most widely known work, Il principe (1513), was not only printed but also translated for the first time posthumously. His famous treatise has been translated not only once, but multiple times. Those translations stem from different periods, shifts in reception, and political contexts. In my talk, I aim to shed light on the different translation processes and the actors involved, demonstrating the translation of Machiavellian thought as a decades-long collaboration. Against this background, I want to discuss the four translations by Silvestro Tegli, Giovanni Niccolò Stoppani, Hermann Conring, and Caspar Langenhert. Not only do they show different approaches and functions of translating a text into Latin, but they also might challenge our understanding and definition of translation altogether.

This study aims to study the differences between high and low achievement King Khalid university students in Self-Learning Ability, Motivation Achievement and Self-Efficacy Expectancy.A sample was chosen consists of (102)King Khalid university students. For data collection the researcher used the following tools: Self-Learning Ability scale (prepared by the researcher),Motivation Achievement Scale and Self-Efficacy Expectancy Scale. The statistical methods used for data analysis was: Person's correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney. The researcher used the SPSS program for statistical analysis, the findings are: There is a correlation between Self-Learning Ability and Motivation Achievement of high achievement students. There is a correlation between Self-Learning Ability and Self-Efficacy Expectancy of high achievement students. There is no a correlation between Motivation Achievement and Self-Efficacy Expectancy of high achievement students. There is a statistical significant difference between high and low achievement university students in Self-Learning Ability. There is a statistical significant difference between high and low achievement university students in Motivation Achievement. There is a statistical significant difference between high and low achievement university students in Self-Efficacy Expectancy.

April 24, 1617, marked the end of the prodigious influence of an Italian couple over the regent of France, Marie de Médicis. By arranging the murder  of the Marquis d’Ancre, French Marshal and key figure in the affairs of the kingdom, the Dauphin Louis XIII ensured his grasp over the throne and isolated the Queen Mother thanks to the distribution of the deceased’s riches of among his supporters. However, a question remained: What should be done to widow Léonora Dori, Concini’s legitimate heir? By analyzing how the Marquise is represented in French and English pamphlets, this article rebuilds the ways she was portrayed and the opposing views about her degree of influence in early 17th-century France. By investigating the interface between the History of Print, the History of Women and the History of Emotions, this work reflects on the mobility of texts and the impact of cheap prints on establishing a specific imaginary around the feminine and opinion formation in early modern France.

Echi gelliani nel De mundo di Apuleio Gellian echoes in Apuleius' De mundo L'articolo esamina possibili corrispondenze lessicali tra le Notti attiche di Gellio e il De mundo di Apuleio per identificare le relazioni tra i due autori, dovute alla loro appartenenza a un medesimo milieu culturale. Parole chiave: Letteratura latina; Gellio; Notti attiche; Apuleio; De mundo; Expositio librorum Platonis. The article examines some lexical correspondences between Gellius' Attic Nights and Apuleius' On the cosmos, trying to identify possible connections between the two authors, who share the same cultural milieu.

Washington Press, Meng Zhang's book Timber and Forestry in Qing China is praised in the foreword by the series editor as offering "such a vivid account of regenerative and production forestry in the modern period" (p. xi). The author adopts a people-centered approach to timber trade in the Qing dynasty, highlighting the experiences of tree growers, loggers, transporters, and merchants through an enduring timber-trade network, with a commodity chain spanning eastern and southwestern China. Zhang offers the first detailed portrait of the shared ownership of trees, market networks of merchants and sellers, financial arrangements, and dispute resolution in timber production and trade in Qing China. The study contributes original insights relevant today in market conditions and institutional mechanisms required in order to sustain forestry, a resource that has a long economic cycle. At a time when the market has been seen as a main culprit for resource degeneration, Zhang's study offers an important opportunity for us to reconsider the market-resource relationship. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in Chinese history, economic and environmental history, Chinese geography, resource management, sustainable forestry, market-environment relationships, and related topics. The book includes five main chapters, plus an introduction and an epilogue. The introduction chapter introduces major themes, major players, as well as the book's main contributions to the literature. By offering analyses and evidence of sustainable timber management and trade in the Qing period, Zhang challenges some prevailing views of long-range unsustainability of resources in Chinese history. She terms her approach "people-centered," in that she focuses on people and institutions in the timber resource and trade network, and details how they managed to sustain the regeneration of timber forestry for market needs. The trees of the book's focus are the China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and the mawei pine (Pinus massoniana), fast-growing trees planted and logged for use as timber. Chapter  surveys the history of timber policy from the Tang period (-). It is important to note that by the start of the Song period (-), forests in the lowlands of the Yangzi delta (a.k.a. Jiangnan) had already been cleared for agriculture, and fir silviculture followed, where timber was seen as similar to a crop, taxed by the state and managed for the market. In the Ming period (-), the inland Southwest mountains were breached for their old-growth timber, first for the imperial court, then by merchants for the

Este artículo hace un cuestionamiento al significado típico del término incunable. Primero porque las fechas que lo definen no tiene un fundamento sólido. Segundo porque definirlo desde la temporalidad excluye una serie de elementos que son claves para el nacimiento y la fijación del libro. En 1982, el historiador norteamericano Robert Darnton, en su célebre artículo, extendió la historia del libro más allá del objeto ampliándola a los circuitos de la comunicación y a los diferentes agentes relacionados con su producción y usos, a saber: autores, editores, impresores, proveedores, vendedores, lectores y encuadernadores (1982). Esta revisión bibliográfica recupera otras aristas que también definen al incunable pero que han sido desatendidas e intenta abordar el nacimiento del libro desde los circuitos de la comunicación y no solo desde la temporalidad. Igualmente, reúne hechos, discusiones y definiciones que se conocen poco en el idioma español, y que permitirán a especialistas y divulgadores tener una mayor claridad sobre los libros del siglo XV.

Sobrevivência por um ?o: conhecimento adquirido de autores isolados. Neste artigo examino a sobrevivência do conhecimento da antigüidade aos tempos modernos, considerando: um capítulo de Macróbio que preserva material que se sabe ter sido parte do oitavo livro, hoje perdido, de Aulo Gélio; a história — ainda evocada por teóricos do teatro — do ator Polus, que representou a Electra de Sófocles segurando a urna com as cinzas de seu próprio ?lho, preservada somente por Gélio; e as notícias favoráveis sobre Espártaco em Plutarco e em outros escritores, que todos alegam recuar até Salústio.

In India, the Cow is more than simply an animal. A cow is entwined with religion, history, culture, and politics in the current setting. The animal is given qualities of kindness, materialism, purity, wealth, prestige, and power in Hindu mythology. As a result, the Cow is known as-Gau Mata‖ and is venerated, deified, and worshipped as such. For the majority of Hindus, its iconography is an old tradition. On the other hand, if the Cow is killed for its flesh and its byproducts, the bounds of religious symbolism stop at the borders of ethnic minorities. In order to contextualize this duality, this study examines the Cow's dual selves. The-thing theory‖ may de-idealize signs and symbols by stripping them of their semiotic meaning and reconfiguring them as the-things‖ they really are. This would recover their materiality, transform them into objects, and reimagine their cultural creations. Materiality creates new ways of thinking by stripping things of their cultural iconography and reintroducing them to the spatiotemporal reality of objectively deriving meaning from both living and inanimate elements. In order to open up possibilities for reinterpreting the depiction of cultural iconography via literature, the current study makes further applications of the idea that objects may regain their identities from connotation, iconization and meaning. The two short tales that were selected as starting points for the debate show how the authors saw the Cow as having both socio-cultural and religious importance. This essay will thoroughly explore-Cow and Company‖ by Parashar Kulkarni, a 2016 Commonwealth Short Story Prize winner, and-The Cow of the Barricades‖ by Raja Rao, both works rich in religious and socio-cultural symbolism that elevate Cow from the animal realm into sacred imagery. When the animals in both tales are devoid of their sacred connotations in order to be translated

I co-edited this double issue special edition of the International Journal of Islam in Asia with Priyanka Basu and Layli Uddin.  This special issue explores the history of print, modernity and Islam in South Asia, featuring articles that emerged from the wider scholarly activities of the Two Centuries of Indian Print AHRC project, which I led as Principal Investigator (2016-21).

Abstract: Scholarly discussions on Islam in print have focused predominantly on the role of Urdu in the development of North Indian Muslim publics (Dubrow, 2018; Robb, 2020), ʿulama and Islamic jurisprudence (Tareen, 2020) and relations between Islam and colonial modernity (Robinson, 2008; Osella & Osella, 2008) This special issue instead offers fine-grained investigations on technology and labour; print landscapes, networks and actors; subaltern languages; and popular Islam. We critique the idea of an “epistemic rupture” brought about by colonial modernity, providing a more systematic analysis of continuities and changes in Islamic knowledge economy. Examining two centuries of print authored by South Asian Muslims, the articles in the issue provide new ways of thinking about questions of knowledge production, distribution, circulation and reception. The issue broadens the scope of earlier scholarship, examining genres such as cosmology, divination, devotional poems, salacious songs, romances and tales of war in Urdu, Persian, Arabic, dobhāṣī Bangla, Arabic Malayalam, Sindhi, Balochi and Brahui. The articles show the different ways that pre-colonial practices and cultures of writing and reading persisted in the print landscape, in terms of copying, adaptation, translation and circulation of texts. They inquire into new technologies, labour and networks that evolved, and how it provided fertile ground for both new and traditional forms of religious activities and authorities. The articles present new Muslim publics, geographies, and imaginaries forged through the vernacularisation of Islam, and their relationship to the transnational or global community.

This article explores the political uses of disinformation during the English civil war. It argues that forged and falsified publications formed part of a sophisticated propaganda strategy employed by the parliamentarian war party, aimed at discrediting Charles I during the first months of the conflict. It therefore offers an important corrective to traditional emphases on the anxieties that partisan print engendered. Furthermore, by showing that this strategy drew on both the practices and texts associated with early Stuart scribal opposition to Caroline rule, the article suggests an important link between prewar manuscript culture and the print practices of the sixteen-forties.

This article argues that peacemaking became a central strand of political debate and practice in England during the 1640s. The traumatic experiences of civil war and the failure of elite politicians to negotiate a swift settlement forced English people to think more than ever before about how peace could be achieved and preserved. Those outside the usual spheres of political decision-making now offered themselves up as mediators between king and parliament and publicized their own schemes for national reconciliation. At the same time, the article shows how those most committed to the Parliamentarian or Royalist cause sought to present themselves as peacemakers. It argues that a crucial issue in these public debates about peace was whether a lasting settlement was more likely to be achieved through negotiation or through a decisive military victory for one side.

A new acquisition in the Hungarian National Gallery bears elaborate drawings of a statue in pencil and ink. One of them is an almost faithful depiction of the Sándor Petőfi monument in Pest, a work by Miklós Izsó in 1873. The article re-indentifies the drawings as preparatory drawings for a wood engraving in a contemporary illustrated journal, done by Bertalan Székely, a prominent 19th century artist and a good friend of Izsó.

Full text: https://brill.com/view/journals/qua/aop/article-10.1163-15700690-bja10006/article-10.1163-15700690-bja10006.xml?ebody=pdf-63199

The present article offers the first comprehensive examination of the handwritten corrections attested in copies of Angelo Poliziano’s most important scholarly work, the Miscellaneorum centuria prima (1489). Based on a collation of 32 copies, this study identifies the corrections made by Poliziano’s assistants in Antonio Miscomini’s Florentine printing house. The first part of the article furnishes an overview of the handwritten corrections and indicates their relevance to our knowledge of the work’s textual genesis. The contribution then moves to an in-depth discussion of some specific corrections that reflect, amongst other things, Poliziano’s changing ideas on Latin prosody in some of his Greek-to-Latin translations, as well as on his interpretation of classical texts.

Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan, April 18, 2023. - Part 2 of a lecture series on the history of Western Comics. - The main part of this lecture deals with the origins and predecessors of Western Comics, from 16th century political and religious broadsheets to prominent examples from the 18th and 19th centuries, including William Hogarth and the Victorian character Ally Sloper (Britain), the picture books of Rodolphe Töpffer (Switzerland), and German artist Wilhelm Busch. We will also discuss the impact of the Western invention of the printing press in the 1400s. In the second part of the lecture, we will talk about chapter 3 from Scott McCloud’s book Understanding Comics, covering transitions between panels. Note: For copyright rea-sons, images are not embedded in the text. Instead, links to external sources are provided.

The etchings of the Italian printmaker, architect, and antiquarian Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1720–78) have long mesmerized viewers. But, as Victor Plahte Tschudi shows, artists and writers of the modern era found in these works—Piranesi's visions of contradictory space, endless vistas, and self-perpetuating architecture—a formulation of the modern. In Piranesi and the Modern Age, Tschudi explores the complex appropriation and continual rediscoveries of Piranesi by modern literature, photography, art, film, and architecture. Tracing the ways that the modern age constructed itself and its origin through Piranesi across genres, he shows, for example, how Piranesi's work formulates the ideas of “contrast” in photography, “abstraction” in painting and “montage” in cinema.

Piranesi's modern-day comeback, Tschudi argues, relied on new dimensions found within his work that inspired attempts to inscribe within them a world that was very modern. For more than a century, these interpretations have helped legitimize new forms, theories, technologies, and movements. Tschudi examines, among other things, how Piranesi's disturbing prison interiors—the Carceri—became modern metaphors for the mind; how Alfred H. Barr and the Museum of Modern Art made the case for Piranesi's alleged abstraction in the 1930s; and how Sergei Eisenstein reinvented Piranesi as a progenitor of his own innovative filmmaking techniques. Tschudi's exploration of Piranesi's influence on modern architectural discourse includes interviews with such distinguished architects as Peter Eisenman, Bernard Tschumi, Steven Holl, and Rem Koolhaas. Generously illustrated, Piranesi and the Modern Age offers an entirely new reading of Piranesi's work.

Jim Drain (RISD BFA 1998, Sculpture) was a member of Forcefield, a Providence-based group that merged music, performance, film, and installation. His subsequent solo work has been widely collected and exhibited. Daniel Heyman (RISD faculty, Printmaking) has taught and lectured extensively. His prints and paintings, shown widely, are in public collections including the RISD Museum, the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College, and the Baltimore Museum of Art.

Books on the implications of media copyright easily run the risk of being academically rigorous but so densely written and jargon-filled as to be barely readable by an audience unversed in the intricacies of the law. On the other hand, some guides and handbooks focus on the pragmatic "how-tos" of copyright to the detriment of historical context and critical insight. Peter Decherney, associate professor of cinema studies, English, and communication at the University of Pennsylvania, effectively and engagingly avoids both scenarios in Hollywood's Copyright Wars by chronicling the complex history and societal implications of copyright decision-making among its many stakeholders. Decherney's work complements other recent and cogent books on the topic, including Reclaiming Fair

لقد أصبحنا على يقين أن مصر، منذ زمن الفاطميين وحتى العصر المملوكي على أقل تقدير، كانت مسرحًا نشطًا لتقنية الطباعة باستخدام القوالب.  لذلك فإنه ليس من قبيل المفاجأة أن تضم مصر وعلى وجه الخصوص، القاهرة، عددًا لا بأس به من هذه القوالب الطباعية. لقد عثر الأثريون الأوروبيون على العديد من نماذج القوالب الطباعية في مصر خلال القرن التاسع عشر وبداية القرن العشرين، ومن ثمَّ فقد تم إرسال هذه القوالب إلى أوروبا من أجل إجراء المزيد من الأبحاث العلمية عليها، وهي الآن محفوظة في المكتبات والمتاحف الأوربية.  لقد تناولت الأدبيات البحثية (الأبحاث الأكاديمية) هذه الأمثلة من القوالب الطباعية –المحفوظة في المتاحف والمكتبات الأوروبية- بكثافة، وأصبحت النصوص والأدلة الأثرية في متناول الباحثين. لكن في المقابل، وحتى الآن، لم يتم دراسة أو نشر إلا عددًا محدودًا من القوالب الطباعية المحفوظة في مصر. ويمكن اعتبار هذه الورقة البحثية على إنها محاولة لمعالجة هذا القصور.
لقد شاركت في دراسة القوالب الطباعية العربية في العصور الوسطى على مدى السنوات الثمانية عشر الماضية، وأتمنى أن يقدم هذا المقال معلومات جديدة ومثيرة نتيجة لدراساتي هذه الأمثلة من القوالب الطباعية الموجودة في مصر. لكن من المؤسف، ان هذا ليس هو الحال - على الأقل- بقدر ما أن هذه القوالب الطباعية نفسها هي المعنية بهذه الدراسة. ومع ذلك، فإن هذه القوالب الطباعية الأربعة، والتي سيتم مناقشتها في هذا المقال، سوف تُظهر، كما أعتقد، أن معرفتنا الحالية لهذا الملمح الحضاري من ملامح الثقافة الإسلامية في القرون الوسطى تقف على أساس متين، وهي بذلك توفر أدلة مهمة لاكتمال فهم لدور الطباعة باستخدام القوالب الطباعية في العالم الإسلامي في القرون الوسطى.

Manual is a benefit of RISD Museum membership at the Friend and Radeke Society levels. It is also available for sale in RISD WORKS and online at risdworks.com. (cover) American Circus Poster, ca. 1850 Color woodcut on paper 71.1 × 59.7 cm. (28 × 23 ½ in.) (irregular) Museum Works of Art Fund 44.558.8