Social Constructionism

Many basic writers, who are virtually unable to create a coherent paragraph, are nonetheless capable of presenting orally well-constructed narratives of depth and feeling. Thus, teachers must try to get students to harness the strength of their oral abilities to improve their writing skills, and Kenneth Burke's pentad may provide a key. Burke's pentad of five key terms (act, agent, agency, scene, purpose) can act as building blocks, making up a rough outline, for sentences, paragraphs or longer stories. In effect, the pentad allows the students to play the role of reader for their own writing. Numerous examples demonstrate how the pentad and a worksheet based on the pentad can be used to show students how to attain three goals: (1) how to construct sentences; (2) how to construct paragraphs; and (3) how to [de] construct sentences. A chart, devised on a word processing program and distributed to the students, can be used to map out the five elements of the pentad for a sentence or paragraph. The charts can also be used to teach students what may be missing from their writing. While this system is no instant cure for any basic writer, it does allow students to utilize their strengths. The use of Burke's pentad translates the writing process into terms that the students have a greater hope of understanding. (Numerous examples of the charts used to map out the pentad are included.) (HB)

Imagine un experimento sencillo: se reúne a un grupo de personas y se les cuenta que un compañero acaba de recibir un premio. La mayoría sonríe, algunos aplauden, otros incluso felicitan con entusiasmo. Pero si pudiéramos leer las emociones internas, descubriríamos otra realidad: varios sienten una punzada de incomodidad, un nudo en el estómago, esa sensación silenciosa de pensar "¿y por qué él y no yo?". No se trata de un invento literario. Numerosos estudios sociales muestran que el éxito ajeno despierta emociones ambivalentes: admiración, sí, pero también envidia. Y este fenómeno, que siempre ha estado presente en la naturaleza humana, se ha multiplicado de manera exponencial con la irrupción de las redes sociales. Hoy no solo nos comparamos con el vecino o el compañero de trabajo: nos comparamos con miles de personas que, desde una pantalla, muestran solo los fragmentos más brillantes de su vida. Instagram, TikTok o LinkedIn se han convertido en auténticos escaparates de logros editados: el viaje perfecto, el ascenso soñado, el cuerpo entrenado, la familia feliz. Y claro, esa exposición constante nos deja vulnerables a una emoción que rara vez confesamos en voz alta: la envidia.

This study investigates our role as early years researchers in qualitative data analysis. We draw on our doctoral studies to address how the co-construction, co-performance and co-reflection of narratives elicit deeper and new understandings of early years workers in England, and how our life stories are co-produced through narrative inquiry. Employing a constructionist approach and building on Buitelaar theorisation of I-positions and the multi-vocal ‘self’, we explore how narratives are co-constructed and co-performed between the researched and researcher in relation to the ‘self’ and master narratives of culture, time and place. Data were collected using focus groups and semi-structured interviews involving 50 early years workers and 17 nurseries situated in the South East of England. By ‘co-reflecting’ on how the data was analysed, we discussed the ways in which we and our participants are simultaneously positioned within social categories of intersectionality, such as gender, s...

Michelangelo Antonioni's reputation for making "difficult" films commenced with L'avventura, his first international success. The film was received with great hostility when it premiered at the 1960s Cannes Film Festival, while at the same time garnering a special Jury Prize for its "remarkable contribution to the search for a new cinematic language." The Italian filmmaker's reputation for making difficult films with striking but ambiguous images grew with the other two films of his "trilogy of modernity and its discontents," 1 La notte (1961) and L'eclisse (1962), and with his first color film, Red Desert, in 1964. All this changed when Blow-Up hit theaters on both sides of the Atlantic at the end of 1966, quickly becoming Antonioni's most successful film. With its colorful setting of the sixties' swinging London and a murder mystery plot that viewers could follow, Antonioni's first film in English was a significant departure from the earlier Italian films. Inspired by Julio Cortázar's short story 'The Devil's Drool,' and screenplay by Antonioni and Tonino Guerra (and British playwright Edward Bond providing the English dialogue), the film was much more engaging. Its mesmerizing mystery intrigued many viewers and engendered considerable interest and discourse. "Probably no film of the last decade has created such a wide range of responses as Blow-Up," 2 noted Roy Huss, editor of the first and only anthology of essays on Antonioni's film. Difficult and mysterious as Blow-Up may be, and perhaps because of it, Antonioni offers a couple of clues on how to see the film. The first clue is given by Bill, the photographer's next-door painter, when he talks about how his abstract paintings "don't mean anything" until "afterwards," after he finds "something to hang on to…like finding a clue in a detective story." This clue is taken up again by Bill's unnamed wife when she remarks how the grainy blow-up of the unrecognizable body "looks just like one of Bill's paintings." Likewise, Blow-Up "sorts itself out and adds up" when we "find 1

Recibido: 9/10/06 Aceptado: 20/11/06 Resumen Esta investigación tuvo como propósito caracterizar las narrativas resilientes frente a la discapacidad por hechos violentos, de un grupo de policías vinculados a la Fraternidad de Personas con Discapacidad de la Policía Nacional [FRAPON]. La modalidad investigativa fue de carácter cualitativo, con un diseño naturalístico que permitió acceder a una comprensión idiográfica de las narraciones personales, reconstruidas por medio de entrevistas en profundidad, alrededor de distintas esferas de relación, antes y después de la situación de discapacidad. El muestreo fue de tipo intencional y estuvo constituido por cinco policías. Se concluyó que la generación de narrativas resilientes en estos policías, estaba relacionada con la posibilidad de renegociar el sentido de los relatos dominantes del déficit, la marginalización y la normalidad, que constreñían la aparición de relatos alternativos; esto condujo a la edición de una nueva trama más satisfactoria en sus identidades narrativas con la experiencia de ser agentes de sus vidas.

Esta obra está bajo licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional License Algunos problemas de fundamentación y justificación sociológica: Apuntes en el marco del debate teórico de la sociología contemporánea Some problems typically present in sociological justification and foundation: Notes on the theoretical debate regarding contemporary sociology

End-of-life care nurses operate in emotionally demanding environments that require sustained compassion, clinical expertise, and ethical sensitivity. These professionals often face high levels of stress, burnout, and moral distress, which can significantly impact their professional quality of life (ProQOL). This comprehensive review explores the interconnected roles of work-life balance, social support, and ProQOL in shaping the well-being and effectiveness of nurses in palliative and hospice care settings. Drawing from international literature, the review highlights how inadequate work-life balance contributes to emotional exhaustion and reduced job satisfaction, while robust social support systemsboth formal and informal-serve as protective factors against occupational stress. The concept of ProQOL, encompassing compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress, is examined in relation to organizational culture, peer relationships, and personal coping strategies. Evidence suggests that interventions such as flexible scheduling, peer support groups, mental health resources, and leadership training can enhance nurse resilience and retention. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the need for culturally sensitive and inclusive approaches to support nurses from diverse backgrounds. By addressing these interrelated dimensions holistically, healthcare institutions can foster sustainable work environments that prioritize both caregiver well-being and quality patient care. The findings underscore the importance of systemic reforms and continued research to support nurses who provide compassionate care at life's end.

In this digital era, social media has become an integral part of people's lives, offering opportunities for connection and self-expression. However, excessive use of social media can have a negative impact on mental health, giving rise to the phenomena of FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) and JOMO (Joy of Missing Out). FOMO describes the anxiety and fear of being left behind by the latest information or trends, which can trigger anxiety and depression. In contrast, JOMO is the happy feeling of being free from the stress of social media, which increases happiness and mental well-being. This research analyzes the psychological factors underlying FOMO and JOMO, as well as their impact on mental well-being, through a communication psychology approach. The method used is literature study and in-depth interviews to collect empirical data. The results showed that FOMO increased anxiety and depression, while JOMO increased happiness and gratitude. Strategies to reduce FOMO and promote JOMO involve limiting time on social media use and practicing mindfulness.

Psyche Talks are hosted as biannual events, where prominent psychological researchers are invited to discuss fundamental questions about the nature and subject matter of psychology through an interview-based format. The focus of this interview is on Social Constructionist Psychology and its development over the past decades. In this interview, Kenneth J. Gergen (emeritus Professor in Psychology at Swarthmore College

The use of digital tools for " doing mathematics " has been studied both from the meaning making perspective and from the point of view of social interactions. In this study, we discuss how the use of digital tools that support collaboration, exchanging ideas and artifacts among students in a dense and intense way fosters the mechanism of meaning making in a group of 9 th grade students that interact with a half-baked microworld. We reemploy the UDGS model to describe meaning making, but this time from a social aspect, using the notion of social and sociomathematical norms. In this context of analysis, we search for instances of social creativity, while investigating the connection between creativity and students' joint mathematical thinking.

Autorzy przedstawiają perspektywę terapeutów rodzinnych w terapii zaburzeń osobowości ukazując specyfikę podejścia systemowego i związanych z tą perspektywą uwarunkowań epistemologicznych. Nakreślając możliwości i ograniczenia terapii rodzin odwołują się do modelu strategicznego. W oparciu o własne doświadczenia w terapii rodzin z udziałem osób z zaburzoną osobowością, a także przesłanki teoretyczne, autorzy przedstawiają praktyczne trudności i możliwości ich przezwyciężenia.There are many reasons for family therapy of personality disorders to be controversial. The individual diagnosis may be - as seen from the systemic therapist point of view - a non-justified de-contextualization. On the other hand, the interest of systemic therapists in other approaches, including these which have their sources in individual diagnosis, is being observed. This phenomenon enables to include into the systemic model, not only the narrative approach but also others based on the social constructionism,...

The completion of this document would not have been possible without the support of many people. To my advisor, Dr. Jana Williams, your dedication to excellence taught me how become a more thoughtful and engaging scholar and writer. I am very grateful for your knowledge, kindness, patience, and guidance. I would also like to thank Dr. Karin Hendricks and Dr. Tawnya Smith for being on my dissertation committee and caring for me during the final stages of finishing this document. Thank you to my students at Walker Middle School for making me laugh, no matter what. I'd like to thank my Mom, who always supported my scholarly endeavors and my Dad, who nurtured my creative nature and musical ability. Thank you both for your love and unwavering belief that I could succeed at anything I worked at. Finally, I could not have done this without the love and support of my husband Fred.

At last year's conference a group of music education researchers and educators met to identify current issues that were deemed critical to teachers. The purpose of this meeting was to connect educators with researchers who would then summarize the most current findings from research on each topic and then offer implications for practice at a panel session at the 2019 conference. The following article is a preview of several of the topics that will be shared by music education researchers at the panel session, Research for Practice: A Working Partnership. In addition to the topics introduced below, I will also present about music learners and mental health and we will invite questions from the audience. We hope that you will attend and benefit from findings and implications shared by leading researchers from across the Commonwealth, and also to add your voice to the discussion. Following the panel presentation, we hope to identify a new set of issues facing educators that will inform our focus of the next research to practice panel at the 2020 conference.

The kitchen is often called the heart of the home, where families gather, meals are prepared, and memories are created. Over the years, the role of kitchen appliances has become increasingly important in modern households. From basic tools like stoves and refrigerators to advanced smart gadgets, appliances have transformed how we cook, store, and serve food. They not only save time but also improve efficiency, safety, and the overall cooking experience. This article explores the importance of kitchen appliances, their different types, factors to consider before purchasing, and the future of kitchen technology. Importance of Kitchen Appliances Kitchen appliances are essential for modern living. They simplify tasks such as chopping, blending, cooking, freezing, and cleaning, allowing us to prepare meals with less effort. For example, a refrigerator ensures food stays fresh longer, while a microwave oven provides quick reheating solutions. Dishwashers, mixers, and induction cooktops all contribute to convenience and hygiene. Without these appliances, managing a busy lifestyle while maintaining healthy eating habits would be challenging. Moreover, appliances also enhance safety. Pressure cookers with automatic shut-off valves, induction cooktops that heat only the pan, and electric kettles with boil-dry protection reduce the risk of accidents. These features make modern kitchens more secure compared to traditional cooking methods.

The purpose of this article is to examine the gendered politics of social work in the Indian city of Mumbai, locating it in a post-colonial context. In order to do this secondary sources are examined along with empirical data collected by the authors. These are interpreted through the framework of a social constructionist methodology that draws on political sociology as well as elements of post-colonial theory and Foucauldian poststructuralism in order to acknowledge agency within a 'location' marked by both constraints and opportunities. The article explores the circumstances in which politicians and administrators find themselves in Mumbai. In considering gender and developing a strategy of what we term 'political essentialism', it is shown that those involved have been drawing on experiences in civil society and using imagined dualisms of gender to position themselves as shapers of social work in Mumbai.

The present study investigated the perceptions of men's loss of feelings toward their wives, masculinity and emotional gendered abuse in marriages in the Rwandan capital city of Kigali. Researchers conducted this qualitative study in the City of Kigali between May and July 2025. They purposely selected 30 married men, but representative for Rwandan men in all social strata, and whose ages varied between 22 and 73. Data was collected using face to face focus group discussions, with in-depth interviews. The theories of control, masculinity and reactive aggression informed the research. Masculinity posits that man behaves unemotionally to exert power and control over family members under his authority. Progressive masculinity encourages men to express their emotions to curb gendered abuse. Interviewees' narratives confirm that man's lack of feelings for his woman create emotional crises pushing the man to behave abusively. Husbands inflict emotional abuse to their wives through isolation, abusive communication and recoiling to silence. Lack of communication, unmet emotional needs, or external stressors were key prompters of emotional abuse in marriages. These results contribute to the understanding of the connectedness between men's loss of sentiments toward their wives, masculinity and emotional vehemence. The research suggests that husbands should apply constructive masculinity to renew their passions toward their wives. Such maleness, if socialised, can allow Rwandan boys to grow into men who can review and renew the definition of a real man in Kigali and around the world. Overall, scaling down emotional gendered abuse can build healthy households in Rwanda.

This phenomenological qualitative study employed relational cultural theory and feminist social constructionist theory as epistemologies to examine the role of multiple intersecting identities in the cultural transitioning of Jewish Argentinean immigrants into a range of relational and social contexts. Results indicated that identity salience across different relational contexts was strongly influenced by the emergence of the immigrant identity and the resulting interpersonal challenges. Implications for future research and counselling are discussed.

Este artículo propone una distinción ontológica entre lo real y lo virtual, articulada a través de dos continuos: espacio-tiempo y objetivo-subjetivo. A partir de esta diferenciación, se construye una matriz conceptual que permite comprender las formas híbridas de la realidad, especialmente en relación con la identidad, la acción y la temporalidad. Se plantea que la condición humana puede entenderse como una máscara ontológica que habita todas las combinaciones posibles de esta matriz, lo que cuestiona la noción de identidad fija y abre nuevas vías para pensar la performatividad, la historia y el tiempo.

La naturaleza socio-históricamente construida y compartida del conocimiento y de la subjetividad que el construccionismo social parece haberse arrogado en propiedad, forma parte de la historia de la ciencia social. Por otra parte, la crítica al modelo causal-mecanicista como única fuente de conocimiento, que el movimiento construccionista considera una de sus principales aportaciones epistemológicas, se remonta nada menos que a Kant. La verdadera aportación del construccionismo social ha consistido en suprimir la experiencia como fuente del conocimiento y de la subjetividad, negar la existencia de una realidad externa al sujeto, mantenerse ontológicamente mudo frente a ella, y desconfiar de la posibilidad de cambiarla. Parece evidente que sobre estos cimientos no es posible, tal y como se ha pretendido, construir una Psicología social crítica. Frente a ella, y en sus antípodas, el realismo crítico de Martín-Baró parte de la existencia de una realidad objetiva cuyas injusticias y mis...

The purpose of this study was to identify the extent of adoption of microwave ovens by older adults in Blacksburg, Virginia. Level of adoption was defined and determined as a function of 1) frequency of use of the microwave oven in comparison to these persons for making this journey of discovery an exciting and fruitful one. Dr. Rebecca Lovingood, my major advisor, for the warm welcome on my first day at Graduate School and the United States, sincere advice and boundless enthusiasm through my masters program, and for being an invaluable information resource and a motivator during the research process. Thank you for your ever-smiling countenance and your faith in my ability to succeed. Dr. Julia Beamish, for her constant encouragement, confidence, and guidance in my research. Thank you for giving me a chance to work on exciting research projects and for being an extremely understanding and supportive "boss". I've really enjoyed being your graduate assistant for the past two years. Dr. Kathleen Parrott, for her brilliant ideas and suggestions, all through the research process. Thank you for stimulating my thoughts, supporting my actions, and for giving me a pat on the back when I needed it. Moreover, thank you for putting up with personal life stories and for the assurance that all will be fine!! Dr. JoAnn Emmel, for allowing free access to the wealth of information in her office, her patience, and constant reassurance. Thank you for your understanding and interest. I truly enjoyed working with you the past year. The author also wishes to acknowledge the Virginia Association of Family and Consumer Sciences and the Electrical Women's Round Table, Inc. for scholarships and financial assistance. Special thanks is due to all the wonderful people in the graduate office who were ever ready to offer support or lend a ear through all the stages of the research process. Thank you for everything. You are the best!! Her parents, Sundari and Doraiswamy Nagarajan, for their prayers, encouragement, absolute confidence, and good wishes that they transmitted across telephone lines from the other end of the world, India. Thank you for encouraging me v to make the most of life and for supporting each venture I've undertaken. Though not physically present, our weekly conversations made a world of a difference to my strength and confidence. You are now the proud parents of three children who hold master's degrees!! The author also wishes to thank her brother, Santosh, sister-in-law Chitra, sister, Shanti, and brother-in-law, Ganesh, for their loving letters of encouragement and motivation. Special thanks to Vivek, my nephew, for being a joy and putting a smile on my face when I needed it most. Finally the author wishes to recognize the strength, endurance, patience, and love of her fiance, Seshu. You have been an incredible friend, support, and guide to me. I couldn't have done this without you! vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .

Having outlined a theory of heterogeneous social construction, this article describes the scientific construction of climate change as a global-scale environmental problem caused by the universal physical properties of greenhouse gases. Critics have noted that this reductionist formulation serves a variety of political purposes, but instrumental and interest-based critiques of the use of scientific knowledge tend to ignore the ways in which a politics gets built into science at the upstream end. By retracing the history of climate modeling and of several scientific controversies, I unmask the tacit social and epistemic commitments implied by its specific practices. The specific scientific framing of global climate change has reinforced and been reinforced by the technocratic inclinations of global climate management. The social organization of climate change science and its articulation with the political process raise important questions about trust, uncertainty, and expertise. The article concludes with a discussion of the political brittleness of this dominant science-led and global-scale formulation of the climate change problem and the need for a more reflexive politics of climate change and of scientific knowledge based on active trust.

Vidoviti članovi porodice Tarabić, prema u javnosti široko rasprostranjenoj predstavi, navodno su uspešno predvideli veliki broj budućih istorijskih događaja i životnu sudbinu pojedinih znamenitih vladara Srbije. Ova predviđanja, kolektivno poznata kao Kremansko proročanstvo, međutim, od svog nastanka do danas, predstavljaju apokrifni tekst koji je u različitim iteracijama iznova dopisivan i prilagođavan istorijskim i aktuelnim političkim okolnostima, te je njegova autentičnost višestruko upitna. U ovom radu biće napravljen osvrt na oblikovanje i političku upotrebu ovih predviđanja u periodu od početka Prvog do početka Drugog svetskog rata, kroz osvetljavanje uloge njegovih promotera i kritičara, poput Radovana Kazimirovića, Ilije Đukanovića, Dragana Aleksića i dr. Ovaj članak ima za cilj da pokaže kako politička proročanstva postaju narativi kroz koje se tumači i stvara realnost i etablira politički establišment koji ove interpretacije plasira u medije, pri čemu istinitost predviđanja ima sekundarni značaj, a verodostojnost proroka se utvrđuje retrodatiranjem, odnosno ponavljanjem navodno obistinjenih predviđanja koja se odnose na događaje koji su se dogodili pre obelodanjivanja samog proročanstva. Ovaj "začarani krug" pruža dobar uvid u način na koji politika može da prepozna i izdigne jedan segment narodne religije i verovanja na pijedestal svetosti i predstavi ga kao simbol nacionalnog identiteta, a sve u svrhu razrešenja određene društvene krize, kroz identifikovanje aktuelnih političkih događaja kao posledice neminovnosti sudbine ili volje "više sile".
Ključne  reči:  politička  proročanstva,  proricanje,  predviđanje  budućnosti,  Kremansko  proročanstvo, Tarabići, Prvi svetski rat.

Značajni događaji u istoriji Srbije opisani su u različitim verzijama "Kremanskog proročanstva", koje je tokom vremena trpelo konstantna dopisivanja i izmene. U ovom radu biće napravljen osvrt na nastanak i inicijalnu političku utilizaciju predviđanja vidovitih članova porodice Tarabić u periodu neposredno pre, tokom i nakon Majskog prevrata. Namera je da se pokaže način na koji su predviđanja budućnosti države, naroda i sudbine vladara inkorporirana u dnevnu politiku i medijski instrumentalisana krajem 19. i početkom 20. veka, pri čemu je politika imala presudni uticaj na konačan oblik samih predviđanja. Studija slučaja početne faze formiranja ovog narativa, s posebnim osvrtom na ulogu Pere Todorovića i Čedomilja Mijatovića, ima za cilj da pokaže da se njegova prvenstvena društvena funkcija ne nalazi u proklamovanom proricanju budućih događaja, već u legitimisanju sadašnjosti u skladu s aktuelnim političkim okolnostima.
Ključne reči: politička proročanstva, proricanje, predviđanje budućnosti, Kreman-sko proročanstvo, Tarabići, Majski prevrat

The affair of alleged "baby theft" in maternity wards in Serbia during the last thre e decades of the 20th century turned into one of the biggest controversies in the local public, media and political scene in the post-socialist period in this country. The claims of thousands of parents that their newborn children, who were officially declared stillborn or dead soon after birth, are actually alive and ended up as victims of organized human trafficking in wealthy adoptive families in the country or abroad, have remained uninvestigated and unresolved to this day, despite permanent media attention and public goodwill, numerous inconsistencies in medical documentation, isolated appeals by individual politicians and formal parliamentary initiatives. This paper will present the process of construction of this social problem, which follows the theoretically recognized and defined stages, from its origin and the first publicly presented case, through the increase in the number of parents who claim to be the injured party and the following media sensationalism, to the reactions (or lack of reaction) of the state representatives and state institutions and changes in legal and medical regulations and practices. This will provide us with an adequate context for the anthropological understanding and comparative semiotic analysis of the feature film Stitches (!avovi, 2019) and the television mini-series The Mould (Kalup, 2020), which deal with the problem of alleged "baby theft" in a short time span from different angles and represent the first appearance of this painful topic in the domain of popular culture in Serbia. Fundamentally rejecting the idea of investigating the veracity of the allegations, through the analysis of media reports, as well as the mentioned movie and TV show, we will try to explain the social mechanism behind the formation of mass hysteria and the way they are maintained or resolved.
Key words: baby theft, constructionism, social problem, anthropology of film, anthropology of television, film semiotics

The transformation of da'wah in the digital era has become a significant phenomenon in da'wah management. Along with the development of information and communication technology, da'wah methods have undergone fundamental changes from face-to-face interaction to the use of digital platforms such as social media. This study aims to examine the challenges faced by da'wah organizations in implementing technology, as well as to offer solutions based on the development of a more modern and adaptive da'wah strategy to changing times. Through literature studies and empirical analysis, Although the use of digital media offers wider reach and better accessibility, there are problems such as the digital divide, disinformation, and changes in audience preferences that need to be addressed. This study found that technology-based da'wah strategies must be adjusted to the characteristics and needs of the audience to ensure the relevance and effectiveness of da'wah. The results of this study are expected to provide insight for da'wah institutions in optimizing the use of digital technology, as well as developing a more innovative and responsive approach to social dynamics in society. Thus, the transformation of da'wah in the digital era is not only about adopting technology, but also about implementing strategies that are wise and in accordance with Islamic values Abstrak: Transformasi dakwah di era digital telah menjadi sebuah fenomena yang signifikan dalam manajemen dakwah. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, metode dakwah mengalami perubahan mendasar dari interaksi tatap muka menuju pemanfaatan platform digital seperti media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tantangan yang dihadapi organisasi dakwah dalam mengimplementasikan teknologi, serta menawarkan solusi yang berbasis pada pengembangan strategi dakwah yang lebih modern dan adaptif terhadap perubahan zaman. Melalui studi literatur dan analisis empiris, Meskipun penggunaan media digital menawarkan jangkauan yang lebih luas dan aksesibilitas yang lebih baik, terdapat permasalahan seperti kesenjangan digital, disinformasi, dan perubahan preferensi audiens yang perlu diatasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori media baru untuk menemukan dan menganalisis strategi dakwah berbasis teknologi sesuai dengan karakteristik dan kebutuhan audiens untuk memastikan relevansi dan efektivitas dakwah. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan bagi lembaga dakwah dalam mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan teknologi digital, serta mengembangkan pendekatan yang lebih inovatif dan responsif terhadap dinamika sosial di masyarakat. Dengan demikian, transformasi dakwah di era digital bukan hanya tentang adopsi teknologi, tetapi juga tentang penerapan strategi yang bijaksana dan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Islam.

Although the number of Iranian men living in Canada has grown quickly, research on diasporic Iranian men living in Canada remains scant. We employed collective memory work to explore the ways in which Iranian masculinities are challenged and navigated in a Western context. We analyzed thematically memories written by six Iranian men who immigrated to Canada between 2013 and 2022. Three themes were identified. The first, Masculine Binary Phenomenology, was extracted from observations, such as the girl/boy pair, that orbited around the participants' binary worldviews. Men and Marriage, the second theme, was derived from observations that revolved around the organizing concept of marital life in the new context. Finally, the third theme, Contextual Masculine Precarity, was inductively extracted from observations that referred to feelings of insecurity and loss of power. We conclude by outlining limitations of the current study and directions for future inquiry.

The paper discusses how a primary education teacher who identified himself as gay, enacts, resists and reproduces dominant understandings of gender and sexuality in terms of his own identity and practice in Greece, which is a very conservative and, sometimes, hostile country towards those who do not conform to heteronormativity. The discussion is based on a social constructionist analysis of a semi-structured interview. It provides the readers with interesting stimulating data and can be the starting point of an interesting conversation about the potential struggles that LGTBIQ+ teachers and LGTBIQ+ people in general face in Greece. It is part of a larger research project regarding gender and educational leadership in Greece.

This study is underpinned by social constructionist epistemology, which points to the socially constructed character of our worlds, in that we co-create and are co-created by (including experience and identity) our social realities. Through narrative analysis of some poems from the words of people given a diagnosis of dementia, this study engaged in the process of meaning-making in relation to Self-construct and the wider social world. Some narratives evidenced speakers’ lack of agency over their experiences, not because of the ‘dementia’ but due to treatment and care contexts. Some narratives provided instances in which others positioned speakers into identity constructions contradictory to their life-long Self-constructs. Other narratives demonstrated that, through acknowledging and supporting ‘personhood’, speakers retained a sense of well-being and purpose in their social worlds. It is hoped that focusing on the words of individuals given dementia diagnoses, away from predominan...

This research adopts a social constructionist perspective and a discourse approach to explore how men and women in leadership positions construct their identities and perform leadership within workplace talk. The key objectives of the study are to analyze uniformity and variation in the discourse features and interactional styles, the role of norms and stereotypes in determining the linguistic choices available to male and female leaders, and the implications of uniformity and variation in their language use. The theoretical framework of this study draws on Judith Butler’s Performativity theory (1990) along with West and Zimmerman’s concept of ‘Doing gender’ (1987). The data for this research is collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with males and females holding leadership positions in the selected research sites. The data analysis reveals that both male and female leaders use a variety of discourse features and employ language as an effective tool to nego...

In this paper we discuss the social construction of agrotoxic as a risk in the international public scene, characterizing general aspects of the hegemonic chemical industry consolidation and the role played by the agrotoxics invention in this process. To do so it is examined some critical events within the bioecology science which allowed the emergence of the agrotoxics threat and the language role in that construction. Concepts such as late modernity and the globallocal environmental problems nature are discussed taking as a reference the constructionist environmental sociology and discursive social psychology approach. It is presented detailed analysis of some of the argumentative lines of three international pieces of scientific work, pioneers of the public debate about the risk of using agrotoxics to the human and environmental health: Silent Spring of Rachel Carson, The Stolen Future of Theo Colborn & col. and The Brazilian Environmental Manifesto of José Lutzenberg.

Sexual minorities are a hidden population who are difficult for social researchers to analyze well. One specific group of sexual minorities, the transgender population, and how they understand their sometimes changing identities, may be especially complex to study. Not only is this sometimes a hidden population, but they may only identify as transgender at certain points in the life course, preferring other identity categories at different life stages and in different circumstances. I use the shortened term "trans" to refer to all members of what the hegemonic gendered order would consider gender non-conforming. Using the overarching sociological concepts of social constructionism and classification and drawing on a life course perspective, this dissertation explores how the self-identity of members of the trans community might shift across the life course. The goal then is to better understand trans identity

This paper aims to explore how working mothers make sense and respond to their professional desires, responsibilities and expectations within the context of motherhood. It also seeks to explore what it takes for mothers to live up to their potential at work, what it takes for mothers to reach top positions in their field of work and the challenges they face. All of this with the ultimate aim of pooling opinions as to which incentives, strategies or measures can help reduce the conflict between family life and work. Study design/methodology/approach: Via a phenomenological approach and through the lens of social constructivism, this qualitative study is based on interviews with seven mothers holding executive or managerial positions in Malta. Findings: Balancing family and work proves to be extremely difficult, especially when the mother holds executive or managerial roles, and this comes with much stress and requires constant planning and organisation, time management, perseverance, resilience, spousal and parental support, and completely sacrificing one's time for hobbies or similar interests. Mothers' innate drive to prioritise their families caused all of the interviewees to shape their careers or studies around family responsibilities, with all but one opting for career breaks when their children were still young, yet such a decision was never regretted. All the interviewees chose to pursue self-actualising roles at work at some point or another. Such an intrinsic drive to reach their full potential caused almost all of the interviewees to further their studies up to a certain extent. Originality/value: This paper provides raw insights into the struggles working mothers face when balancing work and family life, primarily if the mother seeks to actualise herself via a fulfilling career. The paper presents recommendations for policymakers, employers and society as a whole on how mothers' potential in the workforce can be cultivated.

This paper emerges from an attempt to shift the locus of understanding human action from the individual to relationship. In doing so we come to see persons as multi-beings, that is, as constituted within multiple relationships from which they emerge with multiple, incoherent, and often conflicting potentials. Therapy, in this context, becomes a collaborative relationship with the aim of transforming the client's broader relational network. In this view, schooling in a singular practice of therapy artificially limits the therapist's potential, and thus the possible outcomes of the client-therapist relationship. Invited, then, is a reflective eclecticism, in which the myriad potentials of both the therapist and client are considered in tandem. This view is illustrated by contrasting three relational conditions in which clients find themselves, each of which invites a different form of self-expression from the therapist.

Social constructionism views discourse about the world not as a reflection or map of the world but as an artifact of communal interchange. Both as an orientation to knowledge and to the character of psychological constructs, constructionism forms a significant challenge to conventional understandings. Although the roots of constructionist thought may be traced to long-standing debates between empiricist and rationalist schools of thought, constructionism attempts to move beyond the

This book starts by highlighting the different purposes of evaluation in education, including its contribution to student learning, teachers’ professional development, the school community’s progress, and the informed participation of parents and other stakeholders. However, largely owing to the current educational system that structures schools as factories, the pursuit of these goals has led to increased reliance on assessment devices such as exams, grades, and high-stakes testing. Functioning as a form of quality control, such practices now dominate the schooling process. Students are tested more than ever before, teachers and schools undergo measurement on a continuing basis, and nations compete for places on international league tables. The result is student test performance becoming the only aim of education, turning the measurement into the goal itself. Furthermore, standardization as such masks individual potential and suppresses creativity. Combined with mounting stress on ...

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Based on the view that reading literature is a dialogical act of decentring and co-authoring, narrative bibliotherapy can achieve reader re-empowerment in the face of culturally dominant discourses which are at odds with a person's values and beliefs causing suffering and oppression. The aim is that readers regain a sense of agency in the re-authoring of preferred life narratives, inspired and driven by what they give value to, potentiating wisdoms that underpin them. This article examines several key concepts and practices of narrative therapy as developed by Michael White and David Epston and their application to bibliotherapeutic practice, establishing a clear link between the poststructuralist foundations of both practices. Example questions about a poem support the examination of the bibliotherapeutic use of externalising conversations; deconstruction of culturally dominant discourses; finding exceptions in the problem story and re-authoring alternative stories. It argues that alongside the benefits of this practice for the individual, the power of each reader's voice and its reverberations in the collective become forces for both individual and societal change.

Y--a- il une alternative au mondialisme libéral  ? Peut-on  produire une critique du concept d’économie lui-même. Il est vrai que Margaret Thatcher avait soutenu autrefois ceci : « There is no alternative » (TINA), c’est-à-dire qu' il n’y aurait pas d’alternative au capitalisme. Elle sous-entendait que ce régime économique, pour apporter ses bienfaits, implique un État modeste (garant de la propriété et des contrats), l’équilibre des comptes publics, la neutralité monétaire et la libre circulation des biens, capitaux et personnes. Pour relever ce défi, mettons en lumière les fondements du TINA (ou pensée unique, en adoptant un point de vue englobant (métaéconomique) et remarquons, à la suite de Karl Polanyi, qu’il y a deux sens du mot « économie » et que les politiques économiques qui semblent devoir s’imposer naturellement s’inscrivent dans une matrice culturelle particulière (...)

Purpose This paper aims to develop a system view of the organizational culture, given entropy of theoretical and methodological outlooks on the phenomenon alongside simultaneous growth of number of research reports. Design/methodology/approach Sequential structural and ontological analysis of the Schein’s (2004) point of view on organization culture enabled to form a way of system comprehension of the respective object field on conscious and unconscious levels. Findings Structural ontology of organizational culture is represented by the mythopoetic concept of organization, which is a composition of unconscious motives reflecting standard and management peculiarities of functioning characteristic of a certain group. Research limitations/implications The proposed methodological discourse actualizes a hypothesis on organizational unconscious as a specific factor of organizational culture and begets a respective direction of the further research studies. Originality/value This is the fi...

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The purpose of this research was to study how the Institute of Medicine discourse promoting health information technology may reproduce existing social inequalities in healthcare. Social constructionist and critical discourse analysis combined with corpus linguistics methods have been used to study the subject positions constructed for receivers of healthcare across the executive summaries of 3 different Institute of Medicine reports. Data analysis revealed differences in the way receivers of healthcare are constructed through variations of social action through language use in the 3 texts selected for this method's testing.

. 4 Throughout this article, I use "transgender" as an umbrella term including transsexuals, transvestites, cross-dressers, drag queens and drag kings, butch and 589 N.Y.L. SCH. J. HUM. RTS. [Vol. XVII been obliged to confront this question in multiplying contexts. 5 Should transsexual women be permitted to attend lesbian events? 6 Should gay legal organizations represent transgender clients? 7 Should proposed legislation to protect gay people from discrimination be drafted to protect transgender people as well? 8 Should gay advocacy groups broaden their missions to include transgender issues? 9 More generally, does it make sense to group gay and transfemme lesbians, feminine gay men, intersexed people, bigendered people, and others who, in Leslie Feinberg's words, "challenge the boundaries of sex and gender." See LESLIE FEINBERG, TRANSGENDER WARRIORS: MAKING HISTORY FROM JOAN OF ARC TO RUPAUL X (1996). For an overview of current debates about terminology within the transgender community, see id. at ix-xi. I use "gay" when referring to the dominant contemporary model of homosexuality as a discrete status defined exclusively by sexual object choice, with no intrinsic relation to gender, race, or class. I use "queer" to refer to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. 5 See, e.g., Chryss Cada, Issue of Transgender Rights Divides Many Gay Activists, Transgender Activists Seek A Greater Voice, THE BOSTON GLOBE, April 23, 2000 at A8. 6 See, e.g., ZACHARY & NATAF, LESBIANS TALK TRANSGENDER 35-53 (1996) (presenting a variety of perspectives on the controversy over whether transsexual women should be included in women only spaces). See also FEINBERG, supra note 4, at 109-19 (critiquing the stereotype that "[t]ranssexual women are •.. a Trojan horse trying to infiltrate women's space"). 7 For an early and remarkably prescient analysis of this question, see Mary C. Dunlap, The Constitutional Rights of Sexual Minorities: A Crisis of the Male/ Female Dichotomy, 30 HASTINGS L.J. 1131 (1979). For a more recent exploration of why gay rights groups should advocate on behalf of transgender people, see Taylor Flynn, Transforming the Debate: Why We Need to Include Transgender Rights in the Struggles for Sex and Sexual Orientation Equality, 101 COLUM. L. REV. 392 (2001). 8 See, e.g., PAISLEY CURRAH & SHANNON MINTER, TRANSGENDER EQUAL- ITY (2000) (arguing that gay groups should include transgender people in legislative initiatives), available at www.transgenderlaw.org. See also Paisley Currah & Shannon Minter, Unprincipled Exclusions: The Struggle to Achieve Judicial and Legislative Equality for Transgender People, 7 WM. & MARY J, WOMEN & L. 37 (2000) (describing the need for legislation to protect transgender people). 9 At the national level, the National Lesbian and Gay Law Association and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force were among the first national gay organizations to formally acknowledge their commitment to transgender people. Since then, a number of others have followed suit, including Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays and, most recently, the Human Rights Campaign. For a description of some of the lobbying efforts and political struggles underlying these changes, see Phyllis Randolph Frye, Facing Discrimination, Organizing for Freedom: The Transgender Community, in CREATING CHANGE: SEXUALITY, PUB-LIC POLICY, AND CIVIL RIGHTS 451 (John D'Emilio, William B. Turner, & Urvashi Vaid eds., 2000).

Purpose– This research paper aims to examine how organized criminals rescript their identities to engage with entrepreneurship discourse when authoring their biographies. From a sociological perspective, stereotypes and social constructs of the entrepreneur and the criminal are subjects of recurring interest. Yet, despite the prevalence of the stereotype of the entrepreneur as a hero-figure in the entrepreneurship literature and the conflation of the entrepreneur with the stereotype of the businessman, notions of entrepreneurial identity are not fixed with constructions of the entrepreneur as a rascal, rogue or villain being accepted as alternative social constructs.Design/methodology/approach– The qualitative approaches of “biographical analysis” and “close reading” adopted help us draw out discursive strategies.Findings– The main finding is that a particular genre of criminal biographies can be re-read as entrepreneur stories. The theme of nuanced entrepreneurial identities and in...

The aim of this paper is to identify the point of convergence between folklore and religious practices through the lens of phenomenology and social constructivism. The author interprets contemporary verbal folklore as a form of invisible religion that fosters community through conceptual frameworks, symbolic universes, social norms, and patterns of perception and action. Folklore and religion exhibit several shared characteristics: 1. both phenomena serve a sociointegrative function; 2. both phenomena evolve in form and content over time; 3. both phenomena evoke intense ambivalent emotions; 4. both religious and aesthetic experiences elicited by folklore texts are characterized by a fusion of planes of representation (merging of an object and its sign); 5. both phenomena possess a pragmatic dimension shaping social attitudes and inspire their bearers to action.