Smart Application

This proposed work is based on the idealization of the world with a safe, hygienic and green environment. This paper presents a cost-abating Automatic Smart Dustbin for small scale purpose like in Shopping Malls, Hospitals, Offices and in household. Due to the current pandemic situation it has become a necessity to keep cleanliness around. It gives an insight to a smart dustbin system based on Arduino and Ultrasonic sensor which monitors the fullness of the dustbin and sends signals using LEDs. It also includes a Servo motor with Ultrasonic Sensor which administers the cap of the dustbin. This is powered using lithium battery and bonnet is controlled by Servo motor. Lastly, the system is developed at an affordable and acceptable cost for the intended application and the performance was found satisfactory.

Promoting public and active transport among tourists is key to lowering emissions, although this is challenging in areas with scarce public transport, such as non-urban areas. This study explores differences in sustainable tourism mobility between urban and non-urban residents, factoring in air quality, climate change mitigation, well-being, and smart apps. Two surveys were conducted targeting users of different transport modes: one survey of public transport users (n=500) and one survey of active transport (walking/cycling) users (n=660). The surveys measured attitudes, behaviors and other factors related to the respondents' use of these sustainable transport modes. The research employs mixed methods of PLS-SEM, MGA, and fsQCA to assess intent towards sustainable transport. Findings indicate significant impacts of sustainability factors and smart apps on public transport intentions. However, for active transport, only air quality, climate change mitigation, and well-being are significant. Notably, MGA shows minimal differences between urban and non-urban transport preferences, unlike fsQCA. The study presents a range of strategies to promote sustainable tourism mobility, particularly emphasizing the use of smart apps and the importance of environmental improvement policies. It suggests the need for technological infrastructure enhancements, air quality improvements, climate change mitigation, and well-being promotion programs. It highlights the importance of collaboration between cities and nonurban areas to create complementary sustainable transportation policies. This study plays an important role in exploring how environmental protection and tourism demand can be achieved simultaneously in non-urban areas.

Background The popularity of mobile health (mHealth) applications (or apps) in the field of health and medical education is rapidly increasing, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to assess awareness, attitudes, practices, and factors associated with the mHealth app usage among medical students. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study involving medical students at a government university in Sarawak, Malaysia, from February to April 2021. Validated questionnaires were administered to all consenting students. These questionnaires included questions on basic demographic information as well as awareness, attitude toward, and practices with mHealth apps concerned with medical education, health and fitness, and COVID-19 management. Results Respondents had favorable attitudes toward mHealth apps (medical education [61.8%], health and fitness [76.3%], and COVID-19 management [82.7%]). Respondents’ mean attitude scores were four out of five for all three app categories. How...

Waste management is one of the main problems being faced by our society. The dumpsters that usually overflow prior to the scheduled cleaning time becomes the common problem as it might trigger other unwanted problems such as bad odor, clogged drains, and various diseases. To prevent such malicious effects, the IoT-based dumpster management system has been developed. This paper in turn aims to propose a smart monitoring system installed on a dumpster. The device will send signals to the web server. The verified signals from each dumpster announce the operators that the waste has to be cleaned. The system is accessible through the web interface and alternatively through the Android-based devices. It is expected that the developed system is able to to provide an easier waste management system for society.

A smart city finds ways to better serve its citizens, and brings together key urban systems, including energy grids, water management, waste systems, smart mobility and transportation based on the engineering applications. The smart cities should aim to strengthen the socioeconomic backbone of the city, so the subject needs to be addressed in multi-dimensional framework. Thus, different disciplines such as engineering, architecture, sociology, economics and urban design are practiced upon in order to design smart technology plans and systems. Even though innovative smart city projects offer sustainable, mobile, digital, safe infrastructures that enable flexibility to different needs still there is no consent about what really forms a city smarter. This paper considers smart cities as integrated models, and aims at disclosing major catalysts for socioeconomic development in smart city projects. Besides, discusses about the tools for urban development enabled by knowledge-intensive digital applications, the role of open data in smart mobility systems and nature-based solutions. Several dimensions and elements of the smart cities are defined based on the projects of five chosen cities located in different continents. Findings from each project about their critical systems, salient concepts and driving elements are utilized to conclude the study with triggers that can set cities on the path to becoming smart.

Internet of Things (IoT) based smart devices are the core elements for any smart environment. The sensors and actuators make the life easier when they are connected to one another and to the Internet. The Smart city and 'Swach Bharath Abhiyan' projects introduced by the Government of India tried to promote clean and hygienic Environment. The constant growth of population, industrialization and urbanization increase the unorganized manner of dumping the solid waste in landfills. Smart waste management is the must in all countries due to the voluminous generation of solid waste. In this paper, a methodology for monitoring the dustbins in smart cities, household or organization is proposed. The dustbins are monitored very often to check the garbage level. Whenever the dustbins reach maximum level, alert will be sent to the corresponding authorities with the bin details to dispose the waste. Additionally, the gas sensors in the dustbins detect the bad smell and alert when it reaches the threshold level though the garbage level will not reach the dustbin's maximum capacity. The areas which require emptying the dustbins very often are also identified. Large-scale implementation of the system will promote a clean and hygienic environment.

Internet of Things (IoT) is a boon to the technological developments during the past decade. Though the adoption of this technology in agriculture has gone up immensely in recent years, the implementation of the smart irrigation system remains its initial stage in this agricultural setup. The sprinkler or dripper irrigation methods are widely used in the smart irrigation environment. In this paper a hybrid method is proposed to select the irrigation method automatically based on the climate changes and soil moisture level. By enhancing this method using the rapid growing technologies and IoT enabled smart irrigation controllers, the agriculture sector will be improved over the foreseeable future.

This study tests two different existing approaches to Subtitling for the Deaf and the Hard-of-Hearing (SDHH) on deaf, hard-of-hearing and hearing primary-school children in Italy: verbatim subtitles aimed at accuracy (SKY style); and adapted subtitles aimed at usability (RAI style). To this aim, three short, self-contained cartoons were intralingually subtitled (Italian into Italian). The videos were then shown to 35 hearing children and 5 DHH children. The subjects were administered three questionnaires: one collected background data, one measured perception and one measured reception. The data showed that verbatim subtitles not only were the preferred approach by each group of children, but they also facilitated understanding more than adapted subtitles. We also found that SDHH for children did not interfere with comprehension of images in the video, and that adapted subtitles seemed to favour understanding of images more than verbatim ones. Furthermore, analysis of the data colle...

Recent advancements in mHealth apps and services have played a vital role in strengthening healthcare services and enabling their accessibility to marginalized people. With the alarming rise in COVID-19 infection rates around the world, there appears to be an urgent call to modernize traditional medical practices to combat the pandemic. This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the trialability of mHealth apps/services and behavioral intention to adopt mobile health applications. The study also examines the moderating effects of self-discipline motivation, knowledge, and attitude on the relationship between trialability and behavioral intention to use. The deductive reasoning approach was followed in a positivism paradigm. The study used convenience sampling and collected responses from 280 Generation Y participants in Bangladesh. Partial least square-based structural equation modeling was employed. The results revealed that relative advantage (β = 0.229, p < 0.0...

Internet of Things (IoT) based smart devices are the core elements for any smart environment. The sensors and actuators make the life easier when they are connected to one another and to the Internet. The Smart city and ‘Swach Bharath Abhiyan’ projects introduced by the Government of India tried to promote clean and hygienic Environment. The constant growth of population, industrialization and urbanization increase the unorganized manner of dumping the solid waste in landfills. Smart waste management is the must in all countries due to the voluminous generation of solid waste. In this paper, a methodology for monitoring the dustbins in smart cities, household or organization is proposed. The dustbins are monitored very often to check the garbage level. Whenever the dustbins reach maximum level, alert will be sent to the corresponding authorities with the bin details to dispose the waste. Additionally, the gas sensors in the dustbins detect the bad smell and alert when it reaches the...

By connecting devices, people, vehicles, and infrastructures everywhere in a city, governments and their partners can improve community well-being and other economic and financial aspects (e.g., cost and energy savings). Nonetheless, smart cities are complex ecosystems that comprise many different stakeholders (network operators, managed service providers, logistic centers, and so on), who must work together to provide the best services and unlock the commercial potential of the so-called Internet of Things (IoT). This is one of the major challenges that faces today's smart city movement, and the emerging ''API economy.'' Indeed, while new smart connected objects hit the market every day, they mostly feed ''vertical silos'' (e.g., vertical apps, siloed apps, and so on) that are closed to the rest of the IoT, thus hampering developers to produce new added value across multiple platforms and/or application domains. Within this context, the contribution of this paper is twofold: 1) present the strategic vision and ambition of the EU to overcome this critical vertical silos' issue and 2) introduce the first building blocks underlying an open IoT ecosystem developed as part of an EU (Horizon 2020) Project and a joint project initiative (IoT-EPI). The practicability of this ecosystem, along with a performance analysis, is carried out considering a proof-of-concept for enhanced sporting event management in the context of the forthcoming FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar.

Public green spaces (e.g., parks, green trails, greenways) and motivations to engage in active transport are essential for encouraging walking and cycling. However, how these key factors influence walker and cyclist behavior is potentially being increasingly influenced by the use of smart apps, as they become more ubiquitous in everyday practices. To fill this research gap, this work creates and tests a theoretically integrated study framework grounded in an extended model of goal-directed behavior, including public green space and motivation with perceived usefulness of smart apps. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, we conducted an online survey of Korean walkers (n = 325) and cyclists (n = 326) between 10 and 25 July 2021 and applied partial least squares, structural equation, and multi-group analysis to validate the research model. Results revealed that active transport users’ awareness of public green space positively influences attitude toward (γ = 0.163), as wel...

Recent advancements in mHealth apps and services have played a vital role in strengthening healthcare services and enabling their accessibility to marginalized people. With the alarming rise in COVID-19 infection rates around the world, there appears to be an urgent call to modernize traditional medical practices to combat the pandemic. This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the trialability of mHealth apps/services and behavioral intention to adopt mobile health applications. The study also examines the moderating effects of self-discipline motivation, knowledge, and attitude on the relationship between trialability and behavioral intention to use. The deductive reasoning approach was followed in a positivism paradigm. The study used convenience sampling and collected responses from 280 Generation Y participants in Bangladesh. Partial least square-based structural equation modeling was employed. The results revealed that relative advantage (β = 0.229, p < 0.0...

Public green spaces (e.g., parks, green trails, greenways) and motivations to engage in active transport are essential for encouraging walking and cycling. However, how these key factors influence walker and cyclist behavior is potentially being increasingly influenced by the use of smart apps, as they become more ubiquitous in everyday practices. To fill this research gap, this work creates and tests a theoretically integrated study framework grounded in an extended model of goal-directed behavior, including public green space and motivation with perceived usefulness of smart apps. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, we conducted an online survey of Korean walkers (n = 325) and cyclists (n = 326) between 10 and 25 July 2021 and applied partial least squares, structural equation, and multi-group analysis to validate the research model. Results revealed that active transport users' awareness of public green space positively influences attitude toward (γ = 0.163), as well as behavioral intention of (γ = 0.159), walking and cycling. Additionally, motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) greatly influences attitude (γ = 0.539) and behavioral intention (γ = 0.535). Subjective norms (γ = 0.137) and positive (γ = 0.466) and negative anticipated emotions (γ = 0.225) have a significant impact on the desire that leads to behavioral intention. High and low perceived smart app usefulness also significantly moderates between public green space and attitude (t-value = 25.705), public green space and behavioral intention (t-value = 25.726), motivation and attitude (t-value = −25.561), and motivation and behavioral intention (t-value = −15.812). Consequently, the findings are useful to academics and practitioners by providing new knowledge and insights.

Revenue Information System (RiS) is the product of a research project based on a case study on direct-selling sales point. This study is to determine the resources, events, and agents for Resource-Event-Agent (REA) data model as a technique of specifying and designing accounting information system and also to develop a system prototype based on the REA model. RiS is built based on the REA data model since it captures only essential aspects of economic phenomena. The idea is to build an information system application that supports business process in real-time and the REA data model is chosen to ease the understanding of the database. In this paper, the researchers described the approach and process in planning and performing the project transformation and conversion from the legacy information systems to the new updated information system. The researchers applied the REA model approach and process into a real case study of sales order and cash receipt systems. The result shows that ...

ICT technology has seen a widespread influence throughout the globe. It has become a crucial element in safety and security. According to the United States census bureau of 2017, it is estimated that, by 2030, the world's population will be around 8.5 billion. It is also estimated to rise up to 9.8 billion and 11.2 billion by 2050 and 2100 respectively. More than half of humanity today live in urban areas. A large number of cities are witnessing a significant growth of rural citizens moving to urban areas in search of better lifestyle and opportunities, education and a quality of life. As a consequence of this, cities' are expanding beyond their limits in their infrastructural, security and service sectors to adapt to the overwhelming surge of rural migrants. And this comes with a cost, which is the increased complexity of providing an easier way of life. This has led to cities adopting modern tools of ICT to become Smart Cities capable of adapting and allocating the incoming migrators, as well as increase the quality of life. The paper will explain the definition of smart cities, their opportunities and challenges with tools that include: Smart homes, Smart energy grid, Smart retail and Internet of Things. The study defines the essential elements that comprise smart cities. It will, therefore, aid governments in decision-making when it comes to initiating smart city projects.

Background: Variation and atypical presentation of COVID-19 in Bangladeshi children has been noticed. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the clinical and demographic features for easy and early identification of coronavirus infection. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done at Dr. MR Khan Shishu Hospital & ICH, Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2020 to August 2020. The suspected case of coronavirus infection was advised RT-PCR and symptomatic home treatment was given. Hospitalization was done in severe cases. Then diagnosis was made by clinical symptoms plus investigations and appropriate treatment was given. Then RT-PCR was done among them in suspected cases. Other investigations were done accordingly. Results: Among the 236 cases RT-PCR positive was found 71(30.08%) cases. The male-female ratio was 1.7:1. Mostly was 1 year to 2 years (21.13%) and 5 years to 10 years (21.13%). About twenty percent was asymptomatic, 80.28% was symptomatic, co-infe...

Internet of Things (IoT) based smart devices are the core elements for any smart environment. The sensors and actuators make the life easier when they are connected to one another and to the Internet. The Smart city and 'Swach Bharath Abhiyan' projects introduced by the Government of India tried to promote clean and hygienic Environment. The constant growth of population, industrialization and urbanization increase the unorganized manner of dumping the solid waste in landfills. Smart waste management is the must in all countries due to the voluminous generation of solid waste. In this paper, a methodology for monitoring the dustbins in smart cities, household or organization is proposed. The dustbins are monitored very often to check the garbage level. Whenever the dustbins reach maximum level, alert will be sent to the corresponding authorities with the bin details to dispose the waste. Additionally, the gas sensors in the dustbins detect the bad smell and alert when it reaches the threshold level though the garbage level will not reach the dustbin's maximum capacity. The areas which require emptying the dustbins very often are also identified. Large-scale implementation of the system will promote a clean and hygienic environment.

In Smart Cities generation of waste is increasing due to rapid growth of population, industries in urban areas and the biggest problem to authorities is collection of wastage from different locations. Due to the lack of proper information about 85% of the total municipal solid waste budget is spent on waste collection and transportation. To tackle this problem, we need an intelligent system to monitor waste and to give the complete information to authorities to solve the waste management problem in well-organized manner. Our proposed smart bin uses ultrasonic sensor and machine learning Techniques to identify the status of the bin and update it to the database in a regular interval. This minimize the usage of man power and other resources, moreover the bin uses image processing technique to identify the plastic bottles in the waste. This helps to segregate the biodegradable from non-biodegradable waste. It also helps to identify any suspicious material being placed in the bin. The best performing solution also improved the quality of forecasts for emptying time of recycling containers.

With reference to the above theme, can be expressed purpose of writing the following research: collecting data and information and to find out about the development concept of science and technology in realizing the industrial revolution 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IOT) in Indonesia. The method used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques using literature study undertaken to collect, study the theories, rules, information obtained from the book and review documents in the form of journals, textbooks and papers relating to the research problem. Main findings in research that is through the roadmap making Indonesia 4.0, set strategy for dealing with Industry 4.0 that encourage labor force in Indonesia continues to increase the ability and skills, especially in the use of technology IOT or integrate Internet capabilities with production lines in the industry massively, and utilization of teknlogi digital more optimal in the industry national as Big Data (machine learning), autonomous robots, cybersecurity, cloud, and relevant. This research can be useful for all readers and all the disciplines and industries in order to increase knowledge and insight.The result is expected to be a thought or consideration of alternative materials for decision makers in solving similar problems regarding the industrial revolution 4.0 and IOT. Provide feedback to the relevant institutions in order to further optimize the development of science and technology in realizing the industrial revolution 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IOT) in Indonesia. The rapid development of science and the use of digital technology over the Internet in various fields.With the development of science and technology so as to achieve 4.0 and IOT industrial revolution so as to facilitate the work effectively and efficiently.

As the world is in a phase of upgradation, there is a stinky problem that we have to deal with. Garbage! In our daily lives, we see that garbage bins are overflowing and all the garbage has spread out. A large number of insects and mosquitoes breed on it. A major challenge not only in India but for most of the countries in the world is solid waste management. Therefore, a system must be built that can eliminate this problem or at least reduce it to a minimum level.

Recent advancement in web technology enabled the development of new Business-to-Business (B2B) infrastructures, e.g. based on the concept of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). These infrastructures enable seamless information exchange among different stakeholders and complex business procedures. However, there is still a lack of sufficiently generic and standardized application-level interfaces for exchanging the kind of information required by such infrastructures. These interfaces must be as complete and flexible as possible to support changing organization needs and structures. Their development is an essential step to design future SOA services and to enhance product lifecycle management. The Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards are proposed as a standard application-level interface that would fulfill such requirements. This standard is introduced in this paper and compared to existing ones. Several real-life implementations are presented to show why such messaging standards are needed and how flexible QLM messaging standards are.

Internet of Things (IoT) is intended to provide a network where information flows could easily be set up between any kinds of products, devices, users and information systems in general. This vision is getting closer to become real due to the continuous development of new information system concepts and technologies. Nonetheless, this new reality requires special attention on particular aspects of the IoT such as security and mobility. First, people and companies want to secure their assets/data using firewalls, which inevitably leads to a challenging conflict between data security and usability. Second, products are becoming increasingly mobile, operating in environments where it can be difficult to contact them directly using their IP address (e.g., due to the presence of NAT or to access restrictions). It might therefore be necessary in some IoT applications to enable two-way communications through any type of firewall, e.g. to enable real-time control and maintenance. Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards have been designed to provide generic and standardized application-level interfaces for the IoT that make it possible, among other things, to achieve such two-way communication. This paper provides a high-level description of QLM messaging standards with a particular focus on this QLM feature, along with proofs-of-concept through real-life implementations in building and automotive domains. Table 1: Functional requirements for an IoT messaging interface [14] 1

Internet of Things (IoT) is intended to provide a network where information flows could easily be retrieved and set up between any kinds of products, devices, users, etc. Quantum Lifecycle Management messaging interface (QLM-MI) has been designed accordingly, providing generic and standardized application-level interfaces. One cornerstone property of QLM-MI provides the opportunity to subscribe IoT information from any "Thing" so as to retrieve it in a deferred way. Subscriptions can be performed to receive a "continuous" data flow or can be based on "client-initiated" communications. All these features are described in this paper, and then a technical proof-of-concept is provided based on a scenario in the framework of smart home.

Internet of Things (IoT) is intended to provide a network where information flows could easily be set up between any kinds of products, devices, users and information systems in general. This vision is getting closer to become real due to the continuous development of new information system concepts and technologies. Nonetheless, this new reality requires special attention on particular aspects of the IoT such as security and mobility. First, people and companies want to secure their assets/data using firewalls, which inevitably leads to a challenging conflict between data security and usability. Second, products are becoming increasingly mobile, operating in environments where it can be difficult to contact them directly using their IP address (e.g., due to the presence of NAT or to access restrictions). It might therefore be necessary in some IoT applications to enable two-way communications through any type of firewall, e.g. to enable real-time control and maintenance. Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards have been designed to provide generic and standardized application-level interfaces for the IoT that make it possible, among other things, to achieve such two-way communication. This paper provides a high-level description of QLM messaging standards with a particular focus on this QLM feature, along with proofs-of-concept through real-life implementations in building and automotive domains. Table 1: Functional requirements for an IoT messaging interface [14] 1

In the so-called "Internet of Things" (IoT), mobile users and objects will be able to dynamically discover and impromptu interact with heterogeneous computing, physical resources, as well as virtual data. It is a fact today that more standardized formats, protocols and interfaces must be built in the IoT to provide more interoperable systems. However, even if a protocol would become the de facto IoT standard for data exchange, this would not solve all issues related to system and information integration into the IoT. Indeed, a key challenge is to allow integrating all types of existing domainor vendor-specific application with such a standard. In this regard, this paper develops a generic framework for such an integration that consists in using the basic communication interfaces supported by the domain-specific application (e.g., basic read and write operations) to extend them into more advanced interfaces provided by IoT standards (e.g., to support subscription mechanisms). In this paper, the set of standardized interfaces defined in a recent IoT standard proposal, referred to as Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards, are considered for developing the integration framework. A case study using a building-specific application, namely openHAB R , is then presented to validate the framework practicability.

Smart city services have an inevitable role in
addressing the complexity of modern city operation. Smart
transport, smart parking, smart energy, smart water and many
others are examples of vertical smart city systems that are
mainly concerned with its particular domain. Realizing the
full promise of smart city will require interoperability among
those systems and data fusion between heterogeneous
components from different domains. In this regard, many
standardization organizations have been working on modeling
smart city and similar or related systems and concepts, such
as Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS),
to ensure common technical grounding and architectural
principles. Though, there is still a need to address the higherlevel
requirements of smart city as a complete ecosystem. To
this end, this paper discusses different Smart City solutions
and highlights lifecycle based modeling to better integrate
people, processes, and systems; and assure information
consistency, traceability, and long-term archiving.

Intelligent products are an undeniable asset for efficient product lifecycle management (PLM), providing ways to capture events related to physical objects at various locations and times. Today and more than ever before, PLM tools and systems must be built upon standards for enhancing interoperability among all product stakeholders and developing tools independent of specific vendors, applications, and operating systems. Based on this observation, this paper develops strategies to improve « information sustainability » in PLM environments using standardized communication interfaces defined by a recent standard proposal named quantum lifecycle management (QLM) messaging standards. More concretely, data synchronization models based upon QLM standards are developed to enable the synchronization of product-related information among various systems, networks, and organizations involved throughout the product lifecycle. Our proposals are implemented and assessed based on two distinct platforms defined in the healthcare and home automation sectors.

Internet of Things (IoT) is intended to provide a network where information flows could easily be set up between any kinds of products, devices, users and information systems in general. This vision is getting closer to become real due to the continuous development of new information system concepts and technologies. Nonetheless, this new reality requires special attention on particular aspects of the IoT such as security and mobility. First, people and companies want to secure their assets/data using firewalls, which inevitably leads to a challenging conflict between data security and usability. Second, products are becoming increasingly mobile, operating in environments where it can be difficult to contact them directly using their IP address (e.g., due to the presence of NAT or to access restrictions). It might therefore be necessary in some IoT applications to enable two-way communications through any type of firewall, e.g. to enable real-time control and maintenance. Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards have been designed to provide generic and standardized application-level interfaces for the IoT that make it possible, among other things, to achieve such two-way communication. This paper provides a high-level description of QLM messaging standards with a particular focus on this QLM feature, along with proofs-of-concept through real-life implementations in building and automotive domains.

The so-called Internet of Things (IoT) presents a tremendous opportunity for multitude of users to be connected to anything, whenever needed, wherever needed, by whoever needs it. Such opportunities, nonetheless, require more advanced and standardized communication interfaces to facilitate interactions between any types of “things” (smart devices, sensors, systems, networks, etc.). Recent standard proposals as the Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards were developed and are proposed to provide such standardized interfaces for IoT data exchange. These standards make it possible to develop innovative and standardized techniques to address other issues in the IoT such as the management of replicas of a same data between distinct objects in a peer-to-peer, loosely coupled ways. This paper investigates new strategies-based agent models for peer-to-peer data synchronization in the IoT using the standardized interfaces provided by the QLM standards. This enables the development of models not designed domain-, vendor- or application-specific, as is often the case. Our synchronization models are implemented and assessed considering a real home automation platform.

In the so-called “Internet of Things” (IoT), mobile users and objects will be able to dynamically discover and impromptu interact with heterogeneous computing, physical resources, as well as virtual data. It is a fact today that more standardized formats, protocols and interfaces must be built in the IoT to provide more interoperable systems. However, even if a protocol would become the de facto IoT standard for data exchange, this would not solve all issues related to system and information integration into the IoT. Indeed, a key challenge is to allow integrating all types of existing domain- or vendor-specific application with such a standard. In this regard, this paper develops a generic framework for such an integration that consists in using the basic communication interfaces supported by the domain-specific application (e.g., basic read and write operations) to extend them into more advanced interfaces provided by IoT standards (e.g., to support subscription mechanisms). In this paper, the set of standardized interfaces defined in a recent IoT standard proposal, referred to as Quantum Lifecycle Management (QLM) messaging standards, are considered for developing the integration framework. A case study using a building-specific application, namely openHAB , is then presented to validate the framework practicability.

Intelligent products may be considered as information vectors, conveying their own information from a phase of its life cycle to another. Considering that such a product could be made with "communicating material", in previous work, a data dissemination process has been developed with the aim of selecting information from a database, that should be stored on the product according to the current stage of its life cycle. This selection is based on an indicator of relevance which depends on a multitude of criteria, whose weights are evaluated by a group of experts. The set of expert opinions must be formalized in accordance with a mathematical theory and then, synthesized by a suitable aggregation method. In this framework, three aggregation methods are introduced and compared. This comparison is carried out based on the scenario of data dissemination when using intelligent products. Results enable to assess the goodness of fit of the three aggregation methods.

Revenue Information System (RiS) is the product of a research project based on a case study on direct-selling sales point. This study is to determine the resources, events, and agents for Resource-Event-Agent (REA) data model as a technique of specifying and designing accounting information system and also to develop a system prototype based on the REA model. RiS is built based on the REA data model since it captures only essential aspects of economic phenomena. The idea is to build an information system application that supports business process in real-time and the REA data model is chosen to ease the understanding of the database. In this paper, the researchers described the approach and process in planning and performing the project transformation and conversion from the legacy information systems to the new updated information system. The researchers applied the REA model approach and process into a real case study of sales order and cash receipt systems. The result shows that REA model captures only essential aspects of economic phenomena and thus, (1) models are kept concise and easy to understand, (2) models can be used for many applications, and (3) derived artefacts are always consistent by means of the models. This new developed system has resulted in the improvement in business processes efficiency, the timely collection of cash and the provision of timely account information for decision making. Database design in business information system structured by accountants and those who are involved in the business itself will create a meaningful system as their business needs are fulfilled.