Quantitative Methods for Risk analysis

This study investigates the dynamics of quantum measurement processes, focusing on the mechanisms of state collapse and associated information loss. We analyze the constraints imposed by measurement apparatuses on quantum systems, demonstrating that information transfer limitations lead to stochastic outcomes. An algebraic measurement framework is proposed, revealing that pure and mixed state ensembles exhibit indistinguishable expectation values under certain conditions. Numerical simulations and theoretical extensions suggest that coherence preservation is feasible, with implications for foundational quantum mechanics (QM) and future experimental designs.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing is poised to redefine the landscape of financial risk modeling and enterprise decision- making systems. This paper investigates the synergistic potential of these transformative technologies, emphasizing the development of hybrid AI- quantum algorithms to address the increasing complexity of modern financial systems. Traditional risk modeling methodologies often face significant limitations in capturing intricate market dynamics and accounting for real-time decision-making constraints. By leveraging quantum computing's unparalleled computational capabilities, particularly its ability to handle high-dimensional optimization problems, AI-powered quantum algorithms present a paradigm shift in financial risk prediction and mitigation. The research elaborates on key applications, including portfolio optimization, fraud detection, and credit risk analysis, demonstrating how quantum-enhanced AI algorithms achieve superior performance in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and scalability compared to classical approaches.
The study begins by elucidating the theoretical underpinnings of hybrid AI- quantum systems, detailing their algorithmic structures and computational advantages. Quantum-inspired AI techniques, such as quantum neural networks and quantum-enhanced support vector machines, are examined for their ability to process vast datasets with unparalleled speed and precision. Portfolio optimization is analyzed as a case study, showcasing how quantum algorithms excel in minimizing risk while maximizing returns within a multidimensional constraint environment. Similarly, advanced fraud detection systems are explored, where hybrid models significantly improve anomaly detection rates by incorporating quantum-enhanced pattern recognition. The paper also delves into credit risk analysis, emphasizing how AI-quantum solutions can predict default probabilities with unprecedented accuracy, thereby supporting financial institutions in managing systemic risks more effectively.

Historical sources of seismic (or earthquake) activity are important for understanding the past of historic buildings. One of the most important reason is defining the structural condition and performance history of old buildings and monuments: The seismic history and records in a given area help to understand the behaviour of historic structural systems for the existing condition assessments and restitution applications and estimations of their future seismic performances. These important information help to choose appropriate repair and strengthening techniques for historic structures in the restoration and conservation process. Information also help us to define current structural damages, past repair activities (their type, their methods, details of construction activities and dating of them etc.), periodic damage formations (abnormality) of historic buildings and dating of additional structural parts.

The rapid advancement of quantum computing is poised to revolutionize industries, particularly in areas requiring complex computational power. This paper explores the potential impact of quantum computing on financial risk management from a business perspective. Traditional risk management models struggle to cope with the increasing complexity of global financial systems, making quantum computing a promising solution. By leveraging quantum algorithms, financial institutions can optimize risk assessment, enhance portfolio management, and significantly improve predictive models. This paper examines key algorithms and their applications in finance, discusses the challenges and opportunities in adopting quantum solutions, and presents case studies of early adopters. The findings suggest that quantum computing can offer a competitive advantage to businesses by providing superior risk analysis capabilities. However, limitations in technology, infrastructure, and expertise remain significant hurdles. This study contributes to the growing discourse on quantum computing by providing actionable insights for businesses looking to integrate quantum solutions into their risk management strategies.

Comment comprendre qu'au coeur des outils mathématiques utilisés quotidiennement par des acteurs financiers se trouve l'assimilation de deux situations-les situations d'aléa et d'hétérogénéité-que les outils statistiques permettent très inégalement de saisir ? L'article retrace la façon dont l'amalgame entre les situations d'aléa et les situations d'hétérogénéité en vient à jouer le rôle d'une institution au sein du secteur assuranciel en distinguant, au sein de ce processus d'institutionnalisation, les moments d'appropriation souterraine et les temps de mobilisation. L'amalgame est d'abord lentement approprié par les professionnels des marchés financiers et de la banque, et c'est à partir de ces activités, qui lui sont contiguës, qu'il entre dans le secteur assuranciel. Deux épisodes de mobilisation sont alors déterminants, l'un portant sur la valorisation des entreprises engagées dans des opérations de fusion-acquisition, l'autre sur la mise en place de nouvelles règles prudentielles. Il est ensuite reconduit comme institution dans la pratique des acteurs, qui parfois y adhèrent de manière inconditionnelle, et parfois entretiennent avec lui une distance réflexive.

Construction productivity is of interest to researchers and practitioners because of its impact on the performance of construction projects. Despite various studies to identify factors influencing productivity in other countries, no study has addressed productivity issues in India. This paper reports the results of a questionnaire survey of project managers, site engineers, supervisors and craftsmen, in the state of Kerala in India, to identify the factors influencing construction labour productivity. The top five factors identified as having a significant impact on productivity: (1) timely availability of materials at the worksite, (2) delayed material delivery by the supplier, (3) strikes called by political parties or hartals, (4) frequent revisions of drawings/design, resulting in additional work/rework and (5) timely availability of drawings at the worksite. The findings provide a better understanding of the factors influencing productivity in the Indian context and will aid co...

The Civil Engineering program at the Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila is the result of a accreditation process and ongoing review, which responds to the growing social demand for project management, although in practice it is severely challenged by the limited application modeling scenarios, therefore, the research developed by the Projects Department allows us to promote the study of the risk variables in order to efficiently establish a framework to permit to increase awareness of this as a teaching tool in the field of Project Management. This way, during the investigation promove identification techniques, analysis models and modeling tools to develop skills and attitudes in decision making, according to the criteria established by the PMC, DIP, PMP; this to support the work of Project Management in critical scenarios.

The aim of this research is to propose a quantitative risk modeling method that reduces the guess work and uncertainty from the vulnerability and risk assessment activities of web based applications while providing users the flexibility to assess risk according to their risk appetite and tolerance with a high degree of assurance. The research method is based on the research done by the OWASP Foundation on this subject but their risk rating methodology needed debugging and updates in different in key areas that are presented in this paper. The modified risk modeling method uses Monte Carlo simulations to model risk characteristics that can't be determined without guess work and it was tested in vulnerability assessment activities on real production systems and in theory by assigning discrete uniform assumptions to all risk characteristics (risk attributes) and evaluate the results after 1.5 million rounds of Monte Carlo simulations.

La gestión del riesgo es una disciplina fundamental dentro de la gestión de proyectos, la cual incluye, entre otros, el análisis cuantitativo de los riesgos. A lo largo de varios años de docencia, hemos observado dificultades en los alumnos al realizar Simulación de Monte Carlo, dentro del análisis cuantitativo de los riesgos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar "MCSimulRisk", como herramienta docente que permitirá a los estudiantes realizar simulación de Monte Carlo y aplicarlo a proyectos de cualquier complejidad, de una manera sencilla e intuitiva. Esta herramienta posibilita incorporar al modelo cualquier tipo de incertidumbre identificada en el proyecto.

While smart beta equity indices are often perceived as a threat for traditional active managers, this paper argues that they can also be regarded as an opportunity when used as efficient building blocks in active factor allocation strategies. We first show that substantial value can be added by time-varying strategic factor allocation decisions, where the focus is on efficiently reacting to changes in risk parameter estimates for various factor indices. In a second step, we show that additional value can be added by tactical factor allocation decisions based on an economic and statistical analysis of the conditional performance of smart factor indices for different types of market environment. Finally, we show that the strategically or tactically managed portfolio of smart factor indices can be used as an underlying satellite portfolio within a dynamic coresatellite strategy designed to generate a substantial access to the benefits of smart beta equity benchmarks with limited downsi...

Optical Burst Switching provides a future-proof alternative to the current electronic switching in the backbone, but has buffering implemented with a set of Fiber Delay Lines (FDL). The resulting buffering system fundamentally differs from a classic one because the set of possible waiting times (unlike the classic case) is a numerable set, each value corresponding to the length of a delay line. We present the stability conditions of the optical buffer system using a regenerative approach in the spirit of [13].

Validación de la Metodología de Gestión para mejorar la ejecución de proyectos de Infraestructura por Administración Directa de los Gobiernos Locales en la Provincia Jorge Basadre de la Tacna. El tipo de investigación es aplicada porque está orientada a la validación de una metodología de estándar Internacional de prestigio a nivel internacional y buscar una la mejora en la ejecución de proyectos de infraestructura bajo la modalidad de infraestructura en la Provincia Jorge Basadre del Departamento de Tacna. Se concluye con un nivel de confianza del 95%, que el nivel de validez que el desarrollar una Metodología de Gestión se mejora la eficiencia en la ejecución de proyectos de Infraestructura por administración Directa de los Gobiernos Locales en la Provincia Jorge Basadre de la Tacna, respecto al Alcance, costo y tiempo, propuesto, es alto, por lo tanto, constituye una alternativa viable para la solución del problema de investigación. Se Validó el diseño de la Metodología de Gestió...

Effective information asset management is the basis of information security as well as many other issues. IT risk assessments work well with the proper handling of asset values, and also it is for effectively securing information assets. There is also a wide variety of risk assessment methodologies. This book chapter presents information about the overall IT risk management process and methodologies. Best practices are mentioned and occasionally compared based on the requirements of the information technology (IT) sector in practice. This chapter will provide deep knowledge about the IT risk management approach and construction to implementers, risk owners, IT auditors, executive managers, and other IT staff.

Recent wildfire risks in California have prompted the implementation of public safety power shutoff (PSPS) events, procedures enacted by utility operators to deenergize parts of the electrical grid and reduce the likelihood of wildfire ignition. Despite their yearly occurrence, PSPS events are severely understudied, and little is known about how these events affect disaster preparation activity, travel behavior, and transportation systems. With growing wildfire risks in North America and beyond, PSPS events require immediate and thorough research to reduce their negative externalities and maximize their benefits. This exploratory study employs survey data from East Bay Hills residents in Alameda and Contra Costa counties in California who were affected by two PSPS events in October 2019 ( n = 210). Through descriptive statistics and basic discrete choice models for the decision to conduct typical or changed travel, this research contributes to the literature as the first assessment ...

The paper examines the asymmetries in size, value and momentum premiums over the economic cycles in the UK and their macroeconomic determinants. Using Markov switching approach we find clear evidence of cyclical variations of the three premiums, most noticeably variations in size premium. We associate Markov switching regime 1 with economic upturn and regime 2 with economic downturn. The macroeconomic indicators prompting such cyclicality the most are growth in industrial production, term structure, credit spread and money supply. Using forecast returns from our model and a trading strategy that alternates between size/style/momentum portfolios and risk-free rate, we show that exploiting cyclicality in premiums proves particularly profitable for portfolios featuring small cap stocks in recessions.

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

La demande exprimee dans l’appel d’offres de la Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie consiste en l’ouverture en 2007 d’un champ d’etudes autour de l’image de l’industrie dans l’agglomeration havraise. En effet, le contexte local montre la presence d’une implantation industrielle forte. Cependant les perceptions de cette industrie par la population locale semblent a priori peu valorisantes : les idees les plus repandues montreraient un contexte general peu favorable aux entreprises de l’industrie, quand il ne s’agirait pas d’opinions franchement hostiles (problemes d’emploi, pollution…). Du cote des entreprises, deux principales preoccupations semblent presentes dans les discours formels : 1.Les difficultes de recrutement de la main-d’œuvre, 2.Les questions relatives a leur developpement dans le contexte national et europeen en lien avec l’environnement social local (initiatives de communication en direction de la population, reduction des risques a la source, visites d’entreprises...

This paper fundamentally looks at the novel concept of Smart Beta investing in constructing a more efficient and well-diversified alternative investment. Smart beta has been a popular investment philosophy, although emerging countries have been slower to adopt and execute it. In this way, the study investigates the existence, performance, and robustness of smart beta strategies in a divergent financial market. Moreover, it is an initial attempt to integrate the framework of stock selection and stock weighting to construct and test smart beta strategies against the traditional Indian market benchmark (S&P BSE 500). The findings show that smart beta investing results in a better risk-return profile on an absolute and risk-adjusted basis. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the

Diabetes mellitus, additionally referred to as Hyperglycemia, is one of the most common disorders in the world. It happens because of the excess amount of glucose present in the blood. It impacts about 422 million humans worldwide, with the bulk residing in low-and middle-profits countries, and diabetes is at once accountable for 1.5 million deaths every year. Regular tracking of glucose is important for the management of diabetes. The current proposal involves an aggregated method of using an array of Near-infrared LEDs to non-invasively measure the concentration of glucose in the body. An array of NIR led & Laser is fitted into a wearable device, manufactured from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and the light of appropriate wavelength could be absorbed with the help of glucose found in blood and the attenuated light could be sensed with the aid of using the photodiode that's used to transform the light energy into a voltage signal. This signal could then be amplified and fed as an input to the microcontroller in which the glucose level is calculated using regression analysis. The calculated value of glucose could be displayed on the output display unit and the data is transferred through Bluetooth to an android application for storage and display in application. They do not produce any medical waste, limit the danger of infection, and enhance pain management. I. INTRODUCTION Diabetes has been steadily increasing in both a variety of instances and the superiority over the last few decades. The early detection of Diabetes may be a leap forward in today's lifestyle. The detection of diabetes with traditional strategies of glucose monitoring is invasive and consists of spectroscopy and electrochemical method, however the most important drawback of such a way is that it calls for extracting blood, and doing chemical evaluation which makes use of check strips. This technique makes the people now no longer take checkups regularly and without following the standard strategies to take checkups. Nowadays people have an awareness about fitness control to comply with the right weight-reduction plan to preserve a healthful lifestyle. The first-rate and accuracy of the glucose value may be received in numerous strategies via means of the usage of QCL and absorption co-green strategies. NIR utilizes light from the near-infrared region ranging from 780-2500 nm to study the interaction of matter and electromagnetic radiation. The light produced from the fingertip, the flow rate of blood, and the oxygenation hemoglobin are the parameters responsible for measuring the glucose concentration of blood.

There are many factors which affect labour productivity directly or indirectly, for example, age, experience, climate, inspection delay etc. It is necessary to identify those factors and find measures to avoid them so that productivity can be increased.

Les objectifs affiches de cette mission qui s'est deroulee les 25 et 26 aout 1985 a bord du CYROS etaient les suivants : - effectuer la recette d'une source sismique de type sparker (SIG 1580) - realiser des enregistrements sismiques analogiques en vue d'une numerisation a terre pour effectuer des traitements - entreprendre une reconnaissance sismique preliminaire sur le site retenu pour l'implantation du phare d'Ouessant (Aide Majeure a la Navigation), ceci pour preparer la mission DERO-GM de 1986. Ce dernier objectif qui etait lie aux conditions meteorologiques n'a pu etre realise, compte-tenu du peu de temps imparti pour cette mission

La prévention des risques industriels reste une préoccupation majeure de tous les dirigeants d'entreprise sans pour autant qu'une intelligence cindynique soit réellement développée. Généralement c'est les outils classiques de prévention et d'évaluation du risque qui dominent la stratégie adoptée dans ce domaine, confortée par des Plans Particuliers d'Intervention et des Plan d'Organisation des Interventions. Pourtant une nouvelle option est possible, celle de la science des dangers comme moyen de base permettant l'intégration combinée des différents outils. La finalité dans cette innovation se traduit par la mise en place d'un Plan de Prévention des Dangers Industriels ; elle constitue une nouvelle approche intégrée de gestion des dangers sources de risques industriels. L'utilisation intelligente des outils classiques de gestion des risques (étude d'impact, audit environnemental, audit maintenance, gestion des ressources humaines, plan de gestion de la maintenance, étude de danger, évaluation préliminaire des risques) permet de développer une nouvelle approche. L'exploitation intelligente de tous ces outils combinée aux deux fondements du risque que sont le danger et la vulnérabilité permet la mise au point d'une stratégie intégrée d'identification des dangers et des aléas permettant une gestion prévisionnelle des risques en milieu industriel. Ce document sera une ossature pour une meilleure maîtrise des sources de danger et permettant l'identification de leurs causes à travers des fiches de données cindyniques pour toutes les ressources en relation avec la gestion des risques en établissant la mise en place d'une intelligence cindynique. Mots clés : industrie-outils-risques-dangers-intelligence cindynique.

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

En schématisant à l'extrême, on peut ramener les outils de l'action publique dans le domaine de l'environnement au nombre de trois: • les outils réglementaires et juridiques • les outils économiques et fiscaux • les outils de connaissance et d'informations

Atribución Atribución no comercial Atribución no comercial sin derivadas Atribución no comercial compartir igual Atribución sin derivadas Atribución compartir igual AÑO DE ELABORACIÓN: 2019 TÍTULO: Aplicativo para el control de posibles problemas en los proyectosárea de presupuesto y programación de la constructora Colpatria.

Atribución Atribución no comercial Atribución no comercial sin derivadas Atribución no comercial compartir igual Atribución sin derivadas Atribución compartir igual AÑO DE ELABORACIÓN: 2019 TÍTULO: Aplicativo para el control de posibles problemas en los proyectosárea de presupuesto y programación de la constructora Colpatria.

Purpose-Labour productivity in construction has fallen behind other industries in most of the world and has declined continuously for decades. Although several scholarly research projects have been conducted to salvage the prevalent low labour productivity in construction, contractors in the construction industry have continued to grapple with the devastating impact of low productivity. The purpose of this study is to determine key areas of focus necessary to promote productivity growth in construction. Design/methodology/approach-Bibliometric and scientometric assessments were conducted to map the existing construction labour productivity (CLP) studies and establish key focus areas in the research domain. The keywords "Construction Productivity" OR "Construction Labour Productivity" OR "Construction Labor Productivity" OR "Construction Worker Productivity". Findings-Emerging trends in the CLP research field are reported. The study also determined the most productive authors and collaboration among authors, most productive journals, most active regions and publications with the highest impact in CLP research. Research limitations/implications-Documents published in the Scopus database were considered for analysis because of the wider coverage of the database. Journal and conference articles written in English language represent the inclusion criteria, while articles in press, review, book chapters, editorial, erratum, note, short survey and data paper were excluded from analysis. The study is also limited to documents published from 2012 to 2021. Practical implications-The study brought to the awareness of the industry practitioners and other construction stakeholders, the key knowledge areas that are critical to promoting productivity growth in construction. Originality/value-Except bibliometric analysis, previous research studies have used different approaches to investigate productivity in construction. The study presented future research directions through the emerging knowledge areas identified in the study.

A la suite d'une catastrophe, les populations victimes, sont les premiers maillons de secours et de solidarité, notamment à travers les volontaires spontanés. L'objectif de cet article est d'éclaircir les modalités de prise en compte des populations par les acteurs de secours lors des catastrophes.

The presence of labor with high productivity at each stage of a project's development plays a significant role in project success. This research presents a system dynamics (SD)-based approach to model labor productivity. The complex interrelated structure of different factors affecting labor productivity is modeled using system dynamics approach. The qualitative model of labor productivity is constructed using governing cause and effect feedback loops. Then, the relationships that existed between different factors are determined and the quantitative model of the labor productivity is built. Using the proposed SD model, the labor productivity is simulated considering the effects of all the influencing factors. The effect of labor productivity on different project performance measures is also assessed in terms of time and cost. Using the proposed model, the project manager may find the root causes of a decrease in productivity. Therefore, the labor productivity may be improved by implementation of proper solutions.

En 2007, la Commission europeenne a adopte la directive 2007/60/CE relative a l’evaluation et a la gestion des risques d’inondation, dite Directive Inondation. La Directive Inondation fixe une methode de travail pour permettre aux territoires exposes de reduire les consequences negatives des inondations, qu’il s’agisse de debordements de cours d’eau, de submersions marines, de remontee de nappes ou de ruissellements. Cette Directive introduit donc une nouvelle obligation dans le droit francais : reduire les effets dommageables de tous les types d’inondation pour la sante humaine, l’environnement, le patrimoine culturel et l’activite economique.

This thesis, has as a general problem: How does the application of the PMBOK Guide improve the planning of the scope, time and cost to tender the project Chamber of Rejas? and the general objective we have is to determine how the application of the PMBOK Guide improves the planning of the scope, time and cost to tender the project Camera of Bars. The type of research was descriptive-analytical and applied, the quasiexperimental, transversal and causal design. The sample consisted of the project of the construction grid chamber within the Pepsico food plant, owned by Snacks América Latina SRL, where the following projects were put out to tender: Grates Chamber, M2 Compressors Room Structures, System of Drainage in the Process Room, Structures in administrative office installations, Design and construction of a refractory furnace during the year 2015, chosen in a non-probabilistic manner. The technique used was the observation and the instrument to collect the data was the collection ...

The purpose of this work is to design, develop and validate a proposal for improvement based on process management and planning tools PERT-CPM and MRP in a construction company. Through the identification of its current situation, an unfavorable scenario is determined based on the ratio of its projected and obtained profits, on which the main problem it's the poor operational management and the root causes related to inefficient processes of planning, sourcing and execution. The systematic and structured optimization of the aforementioned processes is sought through the development of an applied research project, with the objective of reducing the problem identified through the use of methodologies, techniques and tools related to industrial engineering. The research it's focused on the study of the processes of Diarco, a peruvian construction company dedicated to the construction of civil works, which were analyzed and redesigned through Business Process Management and incorporating the aforementioned planning tools, proposing a structured proposal of the new designed work system that proved to be viable in the functional, economic, environmental, social and technological sense, backed by the development of a study pilot. The improvement proposal concluded in the reduction of materials, man hours and penalties for late deliveries within the construction projects carried out, concretizing in an economically viable project with a VAN of S /. 324,101.34, a TIR of 79% and a B/C index 3.81.

Power transmission lines are an essential component of the electricity distribution system, responsible for transporting electricity from power plants to homes and businesses. Power lines are often used in high-risk areas such as forest areas. A significant danger to power conductors can be posed by wildfires that cause considerable losses to the power grids. This study considers a fire growth model in heterogeneous landscapes concerning topography, weather elements, and fuel variables. We solve an optimal power flow problem that incorporates the cooling and heating process of power conductors. The current-temperature relationship of power conductors is determined based on the fire heating factor and power flows. The resilience of electrical power line outages is also studied that considering the relationship between fire behaviors and the physical locations of power lines. Moreover, the breakdown voltage probability with respect to power line height and wildfire distance from power lines is studied. The results show that the breakdown voltage reduces by up to 14% for an 11 m increase in line height. Similarly, the breakdown voltage decreases by up to 28% for a 15 m increase in wildfire distances from power lines. Lastly, the relationship between the loss of tensile strength, temperature, and time for an aluminum conductor is also evaluated. We observe that the aging failure probability increases over time by up to 7% when the conductors' temperature increases by up to 150 (• C).

The focus of this study is the demand for foreign labor in the construction industry. While labor productivity contributes significantly to the economic growth of the country but the trend has decreased over recent years. Hence, this paper aims to identify whether the increase in the labor force or other factor inputs contributes significantly to the labor capacity of construction projects in Malaysia. Results show the relationship between labor and other factors related to employment productivity in the construction industry of Malaysia from the year of 1986 to 2020. Factor inputs consist of variables such as capital, local labor, and foreign labor. The research objective is to identify the effects of labor force and other factor inputs on labor productivity. This study employs the Cobb-Douglas production function. The findings show that there is a significant relationship whereby the financial assets have a significant relationship, whilst the local and foreign workforce has a neg...

Labor productivity is gaining growing attention as the construction industry faces many challenges related to workforce, but one of the most important is poor labor productivity. Several construction projects were suffering from various problems, including poor management, declining fertility, and thus causing projects delay, and cost overruns. The main goals of this study, therefore, is to identify and rank the factors affecting labor productivity in the construction industry in Libya. To realize this objective, a statistically demonstrative sample of contractors and embassies were demanded to contribute to a structured questionnaire survey. The questionnaire contained 30 productivity factors that were secret under the following three primary categories: (1) Management, (2) Technological, (3) and Human/labor. The Management Group was ranked the first, followed by the Technological and Human/labors group. This study demonstrates that the following five factors, listed in descending order, are the most significant in their effects on construction labor productivity: (1) Lack of labor supervision; (2) Experience and skill of labor; (3) Construction technology; (4) Coordination among construction industry disciplines; (5) Errors in design drawings. The results obtained to fill a gap in knowledge of factors affecting labor productivity in Libya to develop a more in-depth perspective of the factors influencing the efficiency of operatives. This study also has provided some recommendations to be implemented by construction managers at the early stage of the construction project to achieve more effective management of construction labor forces.

The crisis-management scenario in urban areas. El Eulma City Case-study (Algeria). The Civil Protection Services are increasingly challenged by crisis management, especially whenever located in areas that have significant spatial dysfunction, spawned by unplanned extensions around the industrial estates as is the case for El Eulma city. Owing to its sizable population and its proximity to hazardous installations, the city has become highly exposed to risks. Therefore, the objective of this work is to develop a decision-support tool in terms of relief management by pairing a PHAST simulation software with a GIS software (ArcGis). The approach is to create a georeferenced database under the MADS spatiotemporal representation, while integrating essential data in a geographical information system. With a view to efficient crisis management, the results reached by the study, have led to the spatialisation of the thermal effects of possible accidents, taking into account the location of a...

La industria de la construcción es uno de los motores principales de la economía en países en desarrollo. En los últimos años en el Perú, se ejecutaron muchos proyectos para cerrar las brechas de infraestructura. No obstante, muchos de estas obras experimentaron retrasos. El objetivo de investigación es identificar las principales causas de retrasos de proyectos públicos y privados del Perú, a partir de la percepción del consultor, contratista y propietario, para luego plantear estrategias de respuesta. Se utilizaron encuestas para recabar información de 57 expertos, que consta de 16 consultores, 28 contratistas y 13 propietarios, se identificaron las causas en función del índice de importancia, severidad y frecuencia. Se encontró en proyectos púbicos, como causas principales a la deficiente planificación y programación del proyecto del contratista, dificultades en la financiación del proyecto del contratista y al retraso en el pago al contratista; en proyectos privados, deficiente planificación y programación del proyecto del contratista, cambio de ordenes al contratista y mala comunicación y coordinación del contratista; de acuerdo a grupos, tanto en proyectos públicos y privados el factor principal está relacionado con los contratistas, así mismo los contratistas y propietarios tienden a culparse mutuamente por los retrasos.