Non-formal Education

This method was more than just creating a visual resume;
it was about empowering migrant and marginalised youth to speak directly to potential employers, fostering confidence, and overcoming discrimination based on country of origin and cultural barriers.
For many of these young people, making eye contact on camera might have seemed intimidating, even culturally difficult. Nevertheless, through this process, they learned how to express themselves, honing both their verbal and non-verbal communication skills.
A well-known saying reminds us that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” In today’s interconnected world, where communication is fundamentally visually driven, the ability to visually convey one’s skills, strengths, and potential is essential. This is especially true for
marginalised groups, such as migrant youth, those with disabilities, or those from socially excluded backgrounds.
For these vulnerable populations, visual communication is a bridge to greater social inclusion and a means of empowerment, opening up opportunities that might otherwise remain out of
reach.
The act of recording a video CV was more than mere practice; it was an exercise in selfbranding, self-confidence, and empowerment.
I believe that the training modules produced as part of the project S.I.D.E. (Sharing Intercultural Diversity in Employment) continue this vision, focusing on the means and methods that can make employment accessible to young people from vulnerable backgrounds.

This method was more than just creating a visual resume;
it was about empowering migrant and marginalised youth to speak directly to potential employers, fostering confidence, and overcoming discrimination based on country of origin and cultural barriers.
For many of these young people, making eye contact on camera might have seemed intimidating, even culturally difficult. Nevertheless, through this process, they learned how to express themselves, honing both their verbal and non-verbal communication skills.
A well-known saying reminds us that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” In today’s interconnected world, where communication is fundamentally visually driven, the ability to visually convey one’s skills, strengths, and potential is essential. This is especially true for
marginalised groups, such as migrant youth, those with disabilities, or those from socially excluded backgrounds.
For these vulnerable populations, visual communication is a bridge to greater social inclusion and a means of empowerment, opening up opportunities that might otherwise remain out of
reach.
The act of recording a video CV was more than mere practice; it was an exercise in selfbranding, self-confidence, and empowerment.
I believe that the training modules produced as part of the project S.I.D.E. (Sharing Intercultural Diversity in Employment) continue this vision, focusing on the means and methods that can make employment accessible to young people from vulnerable backgrounds.

Os fenômenos físicoquímicos
que ocorrem no preparo dos alimentos, o que inclui o processo
de panificação, são inúmeros, podendo servir de contexto para o estudo das transformações
químicas e físicas envolvidas. Neste trabalho, “os alimentos: panificação” é o tema
empregado para ensinar Química, tendo a pesquisa como princípio científico e educativo na
promoção de aprendizagem significativa. Alunos do ensino médio foram levados a estudar
Química de forma investigativa na padaria/laboratório montada no colégio. Um grupo de
estudos formado pelos professores da escola e por professores e estagiários do curso de
Química da Universidade desenvolveram pesquisa qualitativa sobre a proposta realizada na
escola. Esperouse
com isso construir uma metodologia de ensino capaz de contribuir com a
formação de cidadãos mais críticos e criativos, e que percebessem a química como uma
ciência, construção humana, presente na vida cotidiana, popularizandoa.

This module is specific to COMMUNICATION.
It reflects the priorities identified by the partners. Each of these themes is explored in a dedicated chapter and described by the partners with specific competencies in that theme. It represents a general overview of
what the SIDE partners consider during their job-oriented training and how they approach it during the session with the youth.
It is divided into two sessions: A (contents), B (activities).
A. is designed to describe the contents of the theme defined in the main macro area;
B. is designed to describe the different job-oriented activities standardised and tested in our associations and/or cooperatives, and it is functional to prepare youth for the job market. You will find introductions, definitions, and concepts on the different perspectives you need to consider when you work with vulnerable young people and the youth population in general. Then, there are some specific activities, workshops, and tips to work on.

Este trabalho se propoe a contribuir para a construcao de cenarios mais favoraveis a utilizacao de TICs em sala de aula. Para isso foi proposta uma experiencia em sala de aula no curso regular de Fisica para o Ensino Medio onde os alunos foram incentivados ao uso de seus dispositivos conectados a internet, durante a aula, principalmente smartphones. O projeto teve como tema a Mobilidade Urbana e buscou avaliar a construcao de estrategias menos expositivas por parte do professor e mais ativa por parte dos alunos. Toda a pesquisa buscou avaliar o impacto da atividade, metodos de organizacao e pesquisa baseados em TICs e a possibilidade de um papel mais adequado para o professor e para os alunos.

Artykuł dotyczy zagadnienia roli ubioru w budowaniu przekazu o określonej treści/wydźwięku przez wybranych artystów tworzących w okresie międzywojennym w regionach Austrii, takich jak Tyrol Wschodni. Twórcy ci -związani z ekspresjonizmem, modernizmem -odnosili się w różny sposób do ówczesnej sytuacji polityczno-społecznej. Celem artykułu jest m.in. wskazanie na powody sięgania po motyw stroju regionalnego, ludowego czy chłopskiego oraz zarysowanie schematu, w którym łączy się on z treścią artystycznej wypowiedzi oraz ekspresją przekazu. W artykule wyróżniono twórczość Albina Eggera-Lienza, którego historia stanowi ciekawy przykład determinantów wyborów motywów w obrazowaniu malarskim, a także pokazuje, jak m.in. kwestia ubioru może wpływać na późniejszy odbiór dorobku artystycznego. Artykuł, przygotowany na podstawie kwerend muzealnych i literatury przedmiotu, zawiera m.in. wniosek, że motywy chłopskie, ludowe występują często w sytuacjach, w których pożądane są akcenty pierwotne, rytmu przyrody i pracy zgodnej z naturą, tradycji, wartości rodzinnych i rodzimych. Wybory strojów/ubiorów związanych z regionami i wsią towarzyszą przewrotom politycznym, robotniczym i ludowym, mogą też pojawiać się w sytuacjach zagrożenia. W przypadku nurtów ekspresjonistycznych, szczególnie u artystów pracujących w regionach, mogą one podbijać siłę przekazu, m.in. przez akcentację prawdziwości zachowań i siły przyrody, która wyznacza naturalny ład. Wielokrotnie akcenty chłopskie, w tym strój ludowy, łączą się wtedy z motywami religijnymi. Jednakże ubiór regionalny, wątki wiejskie i krajobrazowe mogą także towarzyszyć sztuce w okresach konfliktów i stanowić swoisty sposób schronienia przed uciskiem świata lub dawać sygnał złowrogiej "ciszy przed burzą". Problemem, który również został tu zarysowany, jest kwestia recepcji ubioru chłopskiego/ludowego w kraju, który miał związki z nazizmem, w związku z czym sprawa stroju łączy się z promowaną ówcześnie polityką kulturalną państwa -nieraz zgodnie z oczekiwaniami artystów, ale

Agradeço a todas as pessoas, que contribuíram para que este trabalho fosse concluído com êxito e se torna-se exequível. A todas elas os meus sinceros agradecimentos. Ao Professor Doutor Bento Duarte da Silva, orientador deste relatório, pelo apoio prestado, pela disponibilidade e compreensão em todos os momentos e também pelos comentários, correções e sugestões que permitiram melhorar este trabalho. Ao meu orientador cooperante Eng. Luís Pedro Bragança da Silva Abreu, por me encaminhar com toda a celeridade e empenho, mostrando-me o melhor caminho para alcançar os objetivos propostos e partilhando o seu conhecimento comigo. Pelo seu companheirismo e disponibilidade durante este percurso. À direção da escola que me acolheu prontamente e me deu a oportunidade de desenvolver este projeto. Aos alunos das turmas onde lecionei, principalmente à turma do 9.ºA, porque sem estes o projeto aqui apresentado não seria realizado. Aos meus amigos de Mestrado, por partilharem angústias e preocupações nos momentos mais complicados e pelo apoio na resolução dos problemas que surgiram ao longo desta caminhada; À minha mãe, meu marido e meus filhos (Juliana, Alexandra e Cristiano), agradeço toda a paciência, carinho, todo o apoio compreensão e incentivo durante a realização deste trabalho, mesmo nos períodos em que tive que me afastar para realizar os meus estudos.

Güzeli araştıran, güzele ulaşmayı hedefleyen bir bilim olan estetik, bir deneyim sürecini içerir. Estetikdeneyim sürecinde estetik özne, karşılaştığı estetik nesneye verdiği değer yönünde bir estetik yargıdabulunur ve bir hükme varır. Bir sanat dalı olarak edebiyat, estetiğin inceleme alanına girer. Edebî eserlerdegüzele ve güzelliğe verilen değer ise estetik bilimi için örnek niteliğindedir. Türk edebiyatının modernleşmeyolunda önemli yeniklere adım attığı Tanzimat dönemi, toplumda değer yargılarının sorgulandığı vedeğişmeye başladığı bir zaman dilimini ifdade eder. Tanzimat dönemiyle Türk edebiyatına yeni bir türolarak dahil olan roman, özellikle toplumsal konularla okurun karşısına ilk kez çıkar. Tanzimat dönemininyazarları toplumsal yaşamın dinamiklerini, estetik kaygıları da göz ardı etmeden romanlarına yansıtırlar.Böylelikle eserler hem dönemin hem de roman kahramanlarının estetik tavrını okura sunar. Bu çalışmadaTanzimatın ilk döneminde yayımlanan Taaşşuk-ı Talât ve Fitnat, İntibah, Felâtun Bey ile Rakım Efendi,Cezmi ve Sergüzeşt romanlarında estetik beğeni ve güzel kavramı bireyler üzerinden incelenecektir. Estetikbeğeninin tespiti açısından çalışmaya malzeme sunan bu edebi romanlarda güzele ve güzelliğe ilişkinestetik yargıları oluşturan temel özellikler, adı anılan romanlarda benzerlik göstermektedir. Söz konusuçalışmanın önemi ise estetik alanında beğeninin ve güzel kavramının araştırıldığı şiir dışında, romantüründe inceleme yapılmış olmasıdır. Çalışmanın yöntemi, belirlenen dönemde seçilen edebi romanlarda,eser odaklı estetik deneyim sürecini birey üzerinde incelemek ve elde edilen malzemeyi estetik alanıdahilinde analiz etmektir. Böylelikle bu çalışmanın sınırları dahilinde romanda, estetik deneyim unsuru olan estetik özne, estetik nesne, estetik değer, estetik yargı ve algı kavramları irdelenecek ve söz konusu çalışmanın ele aldığı dönemin estetik güzel değerlendirmesi tespit edilecektir.

In recent years, different types of programs to improve emotional skills have been implemented in educational contexts, mainly
in schools. However, few studies have been carried out in non-formal educational contexts, and also include an assessment of
program effectiveness. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a skill development program in emotion
perception and understanding emotions for children, applied during a summer school. The study used a randomized experimental
design with repeated measures, pretest-posttest assessments, and a control group. The sample was made up of 22 participants.
The intervention consisted of a training program, based on the skill model. To check skill acquisition, an adaptation of the ACES test
was applied. The results reflected a significant increase in emotion perception and understanding emotions in the experimental
group. This study contributes positive data on the effectiveness of the program and could be applied in different contexts.

This chapter is a study of visual “pilgrimages” made by two artists into their Roma heritage, József Ferkovits and Barbara Bódi. They created outdoor murals in an attempt to mitigate and transform prejudice against Roma in an open-air gallery in Bódvalenke, Hungary. The chapter answers: “What insights, “truths,” and meanings about self and historical-cultural identity were answered by the inner, heritage pilgrimage?” and “How do the artist’s pilgrimage experiences contribute to peace education and to healing from the prejudice and discrimination aimed at the Roma/Gypsy?”  We can say that the artists who revisited the Roma’s free, peaceful, and noble past acted as pilgrims as they searched for individual and collective healing. By revisiting the Roma’s mythical ille tempore and the ancient India, both murals construct an alternative Roma identity as a free and fully capable, prosperous people over and against the perspective of the local Hungarian context, where they are viewed as less capable, subordinate individuals. Regarding the second question, we conclude that a certain type of visual storytelling can fulfill not only the spiritual role of the heritage pilgrimage but also the cultural and affective role, thereby serving the ethical role, and peace education. The narrators, in a search for identity and meaning, chose an “inner travel” to some ideal historical time or archetypal cultural place that led to a change in perspective and a transformation from conflict to peace. But when the artists put their murals on public display in a Roma village, this is no longer a private experience. For visitors, the visual stories teach empathy for those who are different. For the Roma, the artists invite their audience into an idealized pilgrimage into their heritage to heal social wounds and restore dignity.

La présentation que je vais donner aujourd’hui s’intitule ethnographie (linguistique – dans le sens de Ben Rampton), interaction & récit.
Je vais essayer de rendre compte de mon parcours, mes intérêts en recherche et des projets spécifiques menés jusqu’alors et à venir.

This book review examines Paulo Freire's Pedagogy of the Oppressed, highlighting his transformative pedagogical concepts such as co-learning, dialogics, and cultural synthesis, fostering critical consciousness. Freire's model of humanizing literacy seeks to restore learners' dignity, creativity and autonomy. The review highlights the relevance of Freire's educational insights, which empower individuals by freeing them from ‗intellectual tutelage' and fostering critical consciousness. Doing so, it reveals his critique of the traditional banking model of education, which sustains intellectual domination, underscoring his new pedagogical insight of collaborative learning for fostering selfawakening among learners, that transcends class and gender divide. Reconsidering a stratified global society, the study, after a close reading, foregrounds Freire's take on dialogics and cultural inclusion as a part of liberating humanity from the ideological incarceration of the oppressor. It also showcases the critique of the political structures that cultivate docile citizens, disseminating oppressor's ideology through literacy policy that forbids their critical consciousness. Finally, the review affirms the ongoing relevance of Freire's work in resisting dehumanizing literacy policies and promoting emancipatory education in modern contexts.

The Internet has emerged as one of the most powerful media of communication. The Internet and associated technologies have created a global environment that has transformed the world into a global village defining the limitations of geographical boundaries. It has become a universal publishing, distribution, real-time communications and broadcasting medium. It can also be used to gather information, now it is easier than ever for individuals to collectively contribute with ideas, time, expertise, or funds to a project or cause with a collective mobilization is called as crowdsourcing. It is considered as the new sensation of the digital era. This approach leverages the collective knowledge and skills of the crowd, often leading to faster, diverse and innovative results. It can be used in various contexts, such as product development, problem-solving and data collection etc. In this paper an attempt has been made to describe the origin and concept of crowdsourcing. It enumerates various aspects and major platforms of crowdsourcing. It elaborates briefly about the major advantages and challenges.

Bu çalışma boyunca, yüzyıllardan beri Doğu toplumunda yer etmiş ahlak anlayışı eleştirilip, bu anlayışın modern döneme uygun olmadığı ortaya çıkarılacaktır. Bu eleştiriler boyunca, Doğu ahlakının temelini oluşturan bazı İslam âlimlerinin eserlerinden yararlanılacaktır. Eleştirinin temelini oluşturan bu şahsiyetler: İmam-ı Gazâlî ve Sadî-i Şîrâzî olacaklardır. Bu şahsiyetlerin ahlaki nazariyelerinin kendi dönemlerine uygun olup-olmaması başka bir meseleyken, günümüz dünyasında öne çıkan en absürt, Doğu dünyasının gelişmesine en çok ket vuran ve modern döneme uygun aklı başında bireyler yaratmak bir tarafa, sadece köle yaratmaya çalışan bir safsata silsilesi olduğu gün yüzüne çıkacaktır. Bu safsatalar gerçeğe o kadar aykırı ki bu ahlak sistemini yanlışlamak için birkaç eser yeterli olmaktadır. Ayrıca reddiye boyunca, bu şahsiyetlerin niyetlerinin iyiliği veya kötülüğü okurun kendi muhakemesine bırakılacak ve sadece bu kimselerin ortaya attıkları ahlaki maksimlerin sonuçları çalışmanın temelini oluşturacaktır. Ek olarak, bu kimselerin ahlaki düşüncelerini dayatmak ve inandırıcı kılmak için kıssalardan, kendi uydurdukları hikâyelerden ve çoğunlukla sahih olmayan hadislerden yardım aldıkları, âdeta gecenin karanlığında parlayan bir Sirius yıldızı gibi açıktır2. Bu çalışmanın sonunda, okuyucu sözde ahlak olarak öğretilen maksimlerin aslında ahlakla hiçbir alakaları olmadığını anlamaya muvaffak olacak ve bu sözde ahlakı reddeyleyecektir. Okuyucudan umut edilen: Bu sözde ahlak olarak kabul edilen safsataların işe yaramadığını ve dönemimize uygun yeni ahlaki düşüncelerin ortaya atılmasının gerekliliğinin idrakıdır.

Celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja współczesnej polityki autorytarnej i próba wypracowania alternatywy wobec mających stanowić na nią edukacyjne antidotum projektów zakorzenionych w koncepcjach liberalnych i krytycznych. Współczesny autorytaryzm jest przedmiotem opisu jako przejaw rozkładu neoliberalnego reżimu hegemonicznego. Efektem procesów dehegemonizacji są utrata przez liberalizm funkcji zdroworozsądkowego punktu odniesienia dla innych dyskursów ideologicznych, a także rozkład instytucjonalny i utrata dostępu do hegemonicznych źródeł politycznej legitymizacji.
Jedną z konsekwencji tego stanu rzeczy jest pojawienie się fenomenu postprawdy – definiowanej zazwyczaj jako przedkładanie własnych emocji nad fakty i argumentację. Postprawda jest, z perspektywy edukacyjnej, najważniejszym przejawem sytuacji posthegemonicznej.
Przeciwdziałaniu jej mają służyć strategie zakorzenione w koncepcjach liberalnej edukacji obywatelskiej, takie jak zwiększanie kompetencji poznawczych przyszłych obywateli. Celem strategii krytycznych, korzystających z myśli Laclaua i Mouffe jest z kolei ustanowienie za
pomocą edukacji podstaw dla nieantagonistycznych relacji politycznych.
Obie te ścieżki są przez autorów artykułu uznawane za problematyczne ze względu na ich zakorzenienie w postawach i instytucjach ulegającego rozkładowi reżimu liberalnej hegemonii. Jako alternatywę autorzy proponują – jednocześnie czerpiącą z myśli Freirego i idącą wbrew niej – opcję programowej edukacyjnej neutralności wynikającej zarówno z epistemicznego dystansu wobec rozproszonej i przesiąkniętej antagonizmem sfery publicznej, jak i przekonania, że edukacja powinna wspierać zdolność uczniów do krytycznego

Improving the quality and equity of schooling depends to a large extent on the motivation and performance of individual teachers in the classroom. In turn effective appraisal and feedback for teachers is essentials to increase the focus on teaching quality and teachers’ professional learning. Teacher appraisal can also support the effective organization of schools by allowing teachers to progress in their career and take on new roles and responsibilities based on a solid evaluation of their performance. The objective of the present research paper was to have comparative study of teacher appraisal among peers considering which is a tool for their professional development. The methodology applied was survey method with selfconstructed tool. The tool was based on different dimensions. The tool was administered on 87 teacher educators belonging to Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) affiliated to Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand. The data were analyzed by employing Mean, Standard ...

A atividade desenvolvida foi realizada com alunos do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio na cidade de São Caetano, Pernambuco-Brasil. E consistiu em uma intervenção realizada por Graduandos e Mestrandos da área de Química, que objetivou a construção de uma atividade que envolvesse a argumentação, a fim de que os alunos pudessem compreender os conceitos de modelagem a partir da discussão. Os estudantes foram instigados a elaborarem desenhos da evolução de um bolo com intuito de realizarem a construção de modelos mentais, que aconteciam por meio de direcionamentos e questionamentos por parte dos investigadores. Os resultados dessa pesquisa foram satisfatórios e relevantes para o meio acadêmico podendo ser utilizados para pesquisas vindouras. Identificou-se que a argumentação emergia nas falas dos estudantes e que esta viabilizou e norteou as discussões do debate permitindo a elaboração e o desenvolvimento de argumentos a partir de outras concepções de modelos e representações, bem como a compreensão no campo empírico e real, potencializando e desenvolvendo assim o conhecimento cognitivo e metacognitivo dos mesmos, na construção do entendimento de modelagem.

Nesse artigo buscamos analisar a tendência de como vem ocorrendo as abordagens referentes ao conceito de Elemento Químico, em periódicos disponíveis na língua portuguesa e em inglês, durante os últimos 20 anos (1998-2018). Sendo esse conceito entendido como estruturante, para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico na química. A pesquisa caracterizou-se pela busca de periódicos, livros e dissertações que foram coletados em três indexadores de pesquisa online: portal de periódicos da CAPES; Scielo e Google acadêmico, devido a relevância dos mesmos, totalizando 1.507 arquivos encontrados. Para compreensão da linha de pesquisa, delimitamos em quatro categorias: conceitual; histórica; empírica e conceitual. Os resultados apresentados, demonstram déficit em pesquisas que dialoguem sobre a contrução do conhecimento acerca do conceito de elemento químico, fundamentado por uma abordagem histórica e filosofica, por essas contribuirem de forma estruturante na noção do conceito.Facultad d...

A atividade desenvolvida foi realizada com alunos do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio na cidade de São Caetano, Pernambuco-Brasil. E consistiu em uma intervenção realizada por Graduandos e Mestrandos da área de Química, que objetivou a construção de uma atividade que envolvesse a argumentação, a fim de que os alunos pudessem compreender os conceitos de modelagem a partir da discussão. Os estudantes foram instigados a elaborarem desenhos da evolução de um bolo com intuito de realizarem a construção de modelos mentais, que aconteciam por meio de direcionamentos e questionamentos por parte dos investigadores. Os resultados dessa pesquisa foram satisfatórios e relevantes para o meio acadêmico podendo ser utilizados para pesquisas vindouras. Identificou-se que a argumentação emergia nas falas dos estudantes e que esta viabilizou e norteou as discussões do debate permitindo a elaboração e o desenvolvimento de argumentos a partir de outras concepções de modelos e representações, bem como a compreensão no campo empírico e real, potencializando e desenvolvendo assim o conhecimento cognitivo e metacognitivo dos mesmos, na construção do entendimento de modelagem.

Teacher empowerment is a cornerstone of effective and sustainable education reform. Rooted in the principles of autonomy, professional development, and leadership, it involves equipping educators with the skills, knowledge, confidence, and opportunities needed to influence educational practices and policies. In the Indian context, teacher education has evolved significantly from the ancient Gurukul system to contemporary frameworks like the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. These reforms emphasize the development of competent, innovative, and committed teachers capable of adapting to dynamic classroom environments and societal changes. Empowering teachers also includes fostering lifelong learning, encouraging digital literacy, promoting creativity, and enhancing emotional intelligence. As teachers gain more professional agency and support, they become not only facilitators of knowledge but also inspirational leaders and change-makers in society. This paper explores the historical evolution, current strategies, and essential qualities needed for teacher empowerment in the modern era.

Tesis de grado cuyo objetivo fue abordar un problema central en el campo de la indumentaria: la exploración de los elementos y funciones significativas de los conceptos opuestos de lo formal y lo informal aplicados en el vestir. El trabajo se fundamenta en la tensión histórica entre los códigos tradicionales de la vestimenta y las exigencias cotidianas de la vida informal contemporánea, mostrando cómo de este cruce emergen nuevas maneras de habitar las prendas.

Developing a mixed methods research design can be challenging. Researchers must choose the appropriate quantitative and qualitative approaches necessary to answer the research question and design their mixed methods project using those approaches. There are many ways combine these approaches and there are no rigid formulas for designing a mixed methods project. This article describes types, advantages, disadvantages of mixed methods research methodology. The purpose of the article is to simplify the process of mixed methods research to enable the nursing researchers have a better understanding of steps in the research process and considering a mixed method research. Understanding the steps in the research process may benefit the nurses to implement the research in their day today practice. As Mixed methods research methodologies are popularly used in nursing research, it is essential that nurses understand the different approaches in mixed methods. The basic types of mixed methodology will, therefore, be discussed in this article.

The positive impact of youth centers on the development of young people is well documented. Many studies have highlighted the importance of these centers in providing access to resources and opportunities. However, research on which elements of social capital are fostered through personal relationships remains limited. This study aims to explore how social capital develops in youth centers, focusing on the structure and content of youth relationships.

This study was conducted in 19 youth centers across Slovenia, encompassing 23 distinct nonformal learning programs. Data were collected through 59 semi-structured interviews with three groups of participants: youth, trainers, and organizers. Through inductive thematic analysis based on grounded theory, the study identified nine central themes.

The findings suggest that supportive relationships are necessary for authentic learning experiences and identity formation. However, the study also found that their bridging role between different social classes remains limited. Further research into youth relationships in different educational and cultural contexts is needed.

Keywords Youth · Relationships · Social capital · Youth centers

Este trabalho se propoe a contribuir para a construcao de cenarios mais favoraveis a utilizacao de TICs em sala de aula. Para isso foi proposta uma experiencia em sala de aula no curso regular de Fisica para o Ensino Medio onde os alunos foram incentivados ao uso de seus dispositivos conectados a internet, durante a aula, principalmente smartphones. O projeto teve como tema a Mobilidade Urbana e buscou avaliar a construcao de estrategias menos expositivas por parte do professor e mais ativa por parte dos alunos. Toda a pesquisa buscou avaliar o impacto da atividade, metodos de organizacao e pesquisa baseados em TICs e a possibilidade de um papel mais adequado para o professor e para os alunos.

This research explores how young people mitigate their vulnerability to economic, political and military crises by relying heavily on positive think ing to ward off uncertainty. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Ukraine, we find that people underscore a sense of participation and control by utilising the language of choice to reach beyond the feeling of vulnerability. We ask why, despite the perils engulfing young Ukrainians, they rely heavily on the language of self-improvement. We seek a new understanding of the ways in which people living in heightened states of uncertainty take care of their well-being.

| 7 | Apps para dispositivos móveis É com prazer que a Direção-Geral da Educação (DGE) lança esta publicação, resultante do trabalho realizado por diversos docentes que, no dia-a-dia das suas práticas escolares, recorrem a ferramentas e aplicações para dispositivos móveis em contextos de ensino e aprendizagem. Esta edição tem como objetivo apoiar as escolas e os docentes na integração curricular das TIC, proporcionando o acesso à descrição de ferramentas, a tutoriais que esclarecem sobre formas de utilização das mesmas e, sobretudo, a exemplos práticos de como as mesmas são já usadas em sala de aula. O trabalho colaborativo, a pesquisa, a leitura, a escrita, a criatividade, o trabalho de projeto e outras atividades de aprendizagem podem ser, hoje em dia, suportados pela utilização de ferramentas e aplicações que, tirando partido dos equipamentos e acessos disponíveis nas escolas, as transformam em verdadeiras "escolas do século XXI". Acreditamos que o recurso a estas ferramentas poderá transformar cada sala de aula num laboratório de aprendizagem onde são construídos os cenários de um ensino inclusivo e promotor do sucesso educativo dos nossos alunos.

Direção-Geral da Educação (DGE) congratula-se com a publicação do livro Aplicações para dispositivos móveis e estratégias inovadoras na educação O acesso generalizado à Internet e aos dispositivos móveis, a existência de diversas aplicações (apps), bem como a integração transversal das tecnologias nas diferentes áreas curriculares dos vários níveis de ensino, são algumas das mais-valias que têm contribuído para a adoção de novas formas de trabalho na sala de aula. Com esta publicação, pretende-se que os docentes tenham acesso a algumas orientações que lhes permitam optar pelas apps mais adequadas, de modo a que estas constituam não só um estímulo à criatividade e à inovação, mas para que tenham também impacto na qualidade das aprendizagens e, consequentemente, no sucesso educativo dos alunos. Estas ferramentas, promotoras do trabalho colaborativo, desempenham um papel essencial no desenvolvimento de competências e das múltiplas literacias, indispensáveis para enfrentar os desafios e as mudanças inerentes a uma sociedade cada vez mais digital. Um agradecimento especial à Professora Ana Amélia Carvalho da Universidade de Coimbra, pelo empenho e pelo trabalho de coordenação dos capítulos sobre apps e sobre estratégias inovadoras na educação que irão servir de base de trabalho para muitos docentes.

-A introdução da World Wide Web na sala de aula é cada vez mais uma necessidade no mundo dominado pela Sociedade da Informação e Comunicação. A WebQuest vem estabelecer essa ponte ao propor uma actividade de pesquisa orientada na Web. Nesse sentido, foi desenvolvida uma WebQuest sobre Polinómios para ser utilizada nas aulas de Matemática do 8º ano. O estudo realizado comparou diferentes métodos de ensino, assim como as reacções dos alunos a cada um dos tratamentos utilizados. Educational Broadcasting Corporation (2004). Concept to classroom. (consultado em 11.04.2006) Guimarães, D. E. S. (2005). A WebQuest no Ensino da Matemática: aprendizagem e reacções dos alunos do 8º ano de escolaridade.

final year students from the faculty/school of management sciences. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that the expected benefits of a programme influenced students' choice of that programme more (84.5%) than the cost of the programme (41.9%) and admission requirements (37.9%). While there exists a positive correlation between choice and utility, the regression analysis showed that admission requirements have a higher impact on students' utility.

El caso enfatiza el papel estratégico de los supervisores escolares en el sistema educativo mexicano, que busca transitar de un modelo muy centralizado a otro descentralizado. El argumento se expone en 3 secciones. En la primera, correspondiente al ámbito macro, se presentan la reforma educativa y los principios que la animan. En la segunda, relacionada con el espacio meso, se alude a la relevancia del Supervisor en virtud de su condición de bisagra entre las autoridades centrales y los establecimientos educativos. Por último, en el ámbito micro, correspondiente al espacio de los actores responsables de la implementación, se muestra la influencia de los Supervisores en la capacitación, organización, dirección y autonomía de gestión de las escuelas. Si las escuelas son las unidades básicas para proveer el servicio, las supervisiones escolares se constituyen como las unidades centrales para el funcionamiento del sistema.

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This paper reports a qualitative case study in two public schools in Colombia. It aimed to establish the potential of a translingual and comprehensive non-formal education proposal called Translingualand, based on a heteroglossic and dynamic bilingual education framework that utilizes translanguaging as a pedagogy. Non-participant observations, questionnaires, and artifacts were used, and data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Findings revealed that Translingualand facilitated translanguaging as a strategy for content assimilation, instruction provision, and linguistic repertoire stimulation. Additionally, it provided opportunities for the acquisition of specialized knowledge and the development of cognitive, motor, and artistic skills. In conclusion, Translingualand represents a non-formal education pedagogical proposal for public primary schools needing students' bilingual skills enhancement and a varied offer of comprehensive development environments.

Political socialization refers to the process that offers individuals the chance to assimilate into a set of political beliefs, values, and practices. It also allows individuals to learn and adapt to various political mindsets and sentiments. This paper aims to explore the role of political socialization and its impact on the level of political participation among the tribals of Nabarangapur district of Odisha, as well as to identify the key factors that impede the political socialization of the tribals. It discusses several significant aspects of political socialization, including its agencies, the activities of political parties, and the challenges faced in the political socialization process. Political socialization has emerged as a result of development and modernization. Although political socialization has progressed significantly among the tribals of Nabarangapur, there remain obstacles to both political socialization and participation. The study extensively examines crucial elements related to the agencies of political socialization, political activities, and the organization and administration among the tribals of Nabarangapur of Odisha. The study concluded that the tribals who are socialized to appreciate community involvement are more inclined to engage in local politics or community organizing, whereas those who are socialized with a strong sense of national identity may prioritize voting in national elections

El presente trabajo se propone analizar una política pública de inclusión digital implementada en la Argentina entre 2010 y 2020: el programa Núcleos de Acceso al Conocimiento (NAC) Punto Digital. Este estudio se aborda en un contexto de creciente relevancia de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el ámbito de las políticas públicas como parte fundamental del desarrollo de las personas y sus comunidades. Partimos de una noción amplia de inclusión/exclusión digital que excede el concepto clásico que la define como el acceso/privación a los recursos tecnológicos e incluye los conceptos de alfabetización digital y apropiación de la tecnología. Realizaremos un breve repaso de los casos más relevantes de políticas públicas de inclusión digital en la región para analizar, finalmente, el caso del programa Punto Digital, sus fortalezas y sus desafíos. Palabras clave Inclusión digital-Argentina-política digital-brecha tecnológica.

The existing literature has documented the success of the phonics approach in teaching early reading in school contexts. Yet, research examining how teachers implement this approach, particularly in non-formal educational settings, remains limited. This qualitative case study aims to explore and critically analyze the application of phonics in a private language course in Jember, Indonesia, as well as the associated challenges. The study involved four teachers from the institution, and data were collected through observations, interviews, field notes, and document analysis. The findings suggest that phonics can help guide very young learners to develop their early literacy skills when applied explicitly and systematically. However, phonics itself can prove more complex than anticipated. Due to its technical nature and lack of support for meaning comprehension, phonics should not be the sole approach in a reading class. Therefore, it should be incorporated with meaning-based reading approaches and adequate teacher training to promote effective phonics instruction.

The work field of early childhood education and care has a strong specificity in the centrality of the practical dimension. The work context exposes teachers and educators with real situations and new problems each time, which cannot be approached through a linear application of predefined behaviors and actions but require differentiated educational strategies and practices adapted to the specificities that emerge in the here and now. The article presents a practical training pathway conducted in the field, during the work of educators and teachers, with the aim of engaging in dialogue with their practical knowledge. In addition to situating the training on the field, the authors sought ways to share live educational situations between trainers and practitioners, thereby creating living material on which forms of intersubjective reflexivity can be activated, generating practical knowledge that can transform educational work.

The number of unaccompanied migrant children (UMC) that landed in Italy on a daily basis was 14,044 in 2022 and 18,820 in 2023 (as stated by the Italian Ministry of Interior). This research study examines Law 47/2017, which implements the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). It ponders inclusive educational models other than formal learning by investigating non-formal education (NFE) that takes place outside formal learning settings, although in synergy with them, for personal and vocational fulfilment. By way of example, a particularly original case study on school children newly arrived in Italy from Ukraine in 2022 is reported herein. Thirty interviews were held in Italy for three years, from 2021 to 2023, with the people in charge of unaccompanied migrant children to investigate the integration actions implemented as well as the use of NFE. Novel data from the education and employment sectors were collected to fill some pre-existing gaps in the literature. The focus group conducted in 2023 with twelve volunteer tutors highlighted data and conclusions that can be cross-checked and generalised on the use of effective operating tools to identify European pathways to peace and democracy, which may be useful in forging new solidarity patterns.

This case study exemplifies how the reference document Guidelines for the Development of Language for Specific Purposes Tests can be used for developing the language assessment literacy/competency of various stakeholder groups in two different contexts of use. The case study focuses on: • A categorisation of language assessment literacy/competency for different stakeholders • A presentation of the main characteristics of the Guidelines • A description of how the Guidelines has contributed to developing language assessment literacy/competency among teachers and test takers during the redesign process of (1) an examination of Language for Specific Academic Purposes (LSAP); and (2) an examination for employment and career progression, and for entering undergraduate and postgraduate studies

El presente artículo expone la aplicación práctica del Modelo Sinérgico de Capacitación Activa a lo largo de veinte años de intervenciones en los sectores público y privado en el Perú. Desde su implementación inicial en programas formativos del Ministerio de Trabajo en el año 2005, el modelo ha sido adaptado y replicado con éxito en múltiples contextos, incluyendo entidades descentralizadas, empresas privadas y centros de formación técnica. Basado en principios andragógicos (Knowles, 1984) y en el uso estratégico del eustrés o estrés controlado (Selye, 1974; Lupien et al., 2007), este enfoque ha demostrado su efectividad para optimizar la retención del conocimiento, incrementar la permanencia del estudiante en el centro laboral -evitando la deserción laboraly reducir significativamente los tiempos de capacitación. A través de un análisis estadístico de las experiencias acumuladas y los resultados alcanzados, se evidencia la consolidación de este modelo como una estrategia viable y escalable para procesos de formación orientados al desempeño. Este artículo presenta, además, los principales indicadores obtenidos y las lecciones aprendidas durante dos décadas de aplicación continua.

The study examined the attitude and utilization of information and communication technology among university students. The study adopted descriptive – survey as its design, and a population of one thousand three hundred and seventy seven (1377) students were used for the study out of which three hundred and two (302) were purposively sampled from the Department of Science and Vocational Education of the Faculty of Education and Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Two research instruments were used Students’ attitude towards Information and Communication Technology (SAICT) and Information and Communication Technology utilization (ICTU). The instruments were pilot tested using Cronbach alpha and reliability index of 0.93 and 0.77 were obtained. The research found that students have positive attitude towards ICT, it was also found that students utilize ICT for academic purpose, and that students attitude is related to utilization. The study recommends that Science ...

Monografia wpisuje się w socjologiczno-pedagogiczne kierunki badań
pedeutologicznych realizowanych w paradygmacie jakościowym. Celem
badań było opisanie roli zawodowej nauczycieli i nauczycielek akademickich języka angielskiego specjalistycznego w kontekście ponowoczesności. Autorkę interesował zarówno sposób, w jaki zachodzące zmiany
kulturowe zmieniają paradygmat nauczania na rzecz uczenia się, jak i to,
jak na takie wyzwania odpowiadają nauczyciele(ki) języka angielskiego
specjalistycznego oraz jakie problemy i ograniczenia mogą stanąć na drodze ku świadomemu przekraczaniu ich roli zawodowej. W badaniach
posłużono się metodą wywiadu narracyjnego, a analiza przeprowadzonych wywiadów pozwoliła na odpowiedź na powyższe cele badawcze.
Praca składa się z pięciu rozdziałów głównych: metodologicznego, dwóch
rozdziałów teoretycznych, dwóch rozdziałów empirycznych, wstępu i zakończenia oraz rozdziału Post scriptum – osobistego odniesienia do prezentowanych badań. W rozdziale metodologicznym Autorka przedstawiła
ontologiczne i epistemologiczne założenia paradygmatu jakościowego,
w którym realizowane są badania, oraz samą metodę badawczą. W rozdziale drugim zaprezentowała kontekst kulturowo-społeczny ponowoczesności oraz zanurzoną w nim jednostkę. Trzeci rozdział koncentruje się
na rolach społecznych i zawodowych oraz prezentuje glottodydaktyczne
spojrzenie na nauczycieli(ki) języka obcego specjalistycznego. W części empirycznej, w czwartym rozdziale, Autorka przedstawiła wiedzę
uczestniczek badania o ich świecie i o nich samych, wykorzystując
do tego holistyczny model uczenia się w życiu zawodowym autorstwa Knuda Illerisa i jego współpracowników (2011) oraz opisując relacje ‘Ja–świat’ w oparciu o autorskie ujęcie przepisu roli zawodowej. W kolejnym (piątym) rozdziale empirycznym zajęto się analizą krytyczną, która uwidoczniła zjawisko opresji, której poddane były uczestniczki badania. Ostatnią częścią pracy jest rozdział zatytułowany Post scriptum, ukazujący autoetnograficzne zakorzenienie badań.

Pendidikan non formal memiliki peranan penting dalam membentuk karakter dan moral remaja, terutama dalam menghadapi tantangan zaman modern. Pendidikan ini hadir di luar sistem persekolahan formal, seperti pengajian, majelis taklim, pesantren kilat, dan kegiatan keagamaan lainnya yang berbasis komunitas. Dalam perspektif hadis Nabi Muhammad SAW, pendidikan non formal mendapat tempat istimewa sebagai sarana pewarisan nilai-nilai Islam, pembinaan akhlak, dan penanaman kesadaran spiritual sejak usia dini hingga remaja. Hadis-hadis yang mendorong pencarian ilmu, seperti sabda Nabi, "Menuntut ilmu itu wajib atas setiap muslim" (HR. Ibnu Majah), menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan tidak terbatas pada ruang kelas, melainkan dapat berlangsung di mana saja dan kapan saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi pendidikan non formal bagi pembinaan remaja berdasarkan nilai-nilai dalam hadis Nabi SAW. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis studi pustaka (library research), artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan non formal merupakan media efektif untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai keimanan, kemandirian, dan tanggung jawab sosial pada remaja. Hal ini sesuai dengan misi kenabian dalam membina umat secara menyeluruh melalui berbagai pendekatan edukatif yang fleksibel dan kontekstual. 1

This article aims to discuss how young people in the Church of Sweden describe what they have learned and experienced during confirmation, using Gert Biesta's educational framework: socialization, subjectification, and qualification. Interviews with 28 confirmands reveal that while confirmation fosters self-exploration and ethical discussions, integration into the broader church community is weak, and qualifying content is notably absent. Many confirmands struggle to articulate what they have learned about Christianity, raising concerns about long-term faith engagement. The study questions whether one can truly choose something without having a language to talk about it.