Media and Communication

A TANULMANY CELJA A szajreklam regota fontos teruletkent jelenik meg a marketing szakirodalomban. A tanulmany azonban az online word-of-mouth kutatasok kozott uj nezőpontbol vizsgalja a szajreklamhoz kothető egyeni magatartaskomponensek hatasat az elegedettsegre, es ezen keresztul a tovabbajanlasi es ujravasarlasi szandekra. ALKALMAZOTT MODSZERTAN A latens valtozok kozotti kapcsolatok elemzesere a strukturalis egyenletek modszertana (SEM) kerult alkalmazasra. Az 1 000 fős mintavetel online kerdőives megkerdezessel tortent azok koreben, akik az adatfelvetelt megelőző 3 honapban vasaroltak az interneten. Az egyes latens valtozok meresere a szakirodalomban fellelhető korabbi kutatasok alapjan kerult sor es a skalak megbizhatosagi mutatoi megfelelőnek bizonyultak. A KUTATAS LEGFONTOSABB EREDMENYE, UJDONSAGOK A feltart osszefuggesek tobbsege szignifikans es a felvazolt modell illeszkedesmutatoi is elfogadhatoak. A szemelykozi informacios befolyasoltsag, mint egyeni tenyező, meghatarozo j...

This study aims to investigate Pope Francis‟ and Dalai Lama‟s communication about communities on Twitter. Our primary research question is based on the idea that Pope Francis tweets about communities surrounded by religious contexts, while Dalai Lama does not focus on religious embeddedness in his tweets referred to communities. First, from rhetorical perspectives, we tried to examine whether the two leaders tweet about groups of people by using religious contexts. Second, we made an effort to seek whether they use explicit religious community rhetoric. Third, we sought similar potential patterns in @Pontifex‟ and @DalaiLama‟s Twitter rhetoric in the task mentioned above. This paper‟s results support that both religious leaders focus on one universal goal in their tweets, namely the healthy co-existence in order to keep the planet as a liveable sphere. To promote that idea, they address the vital role of shared responsibility for every people regardless of whether or not they belong...

In the wake of violent events comes a rush to make sense of what happened. Sensemaking matters because it bounds political possibilities, producing knowledge about what caused the violence, who is accountable, and whether society should change to prevent a recurrence. This paper explores sensemaking through an intertextual discourse analysis of elite, print, and social media responses to two violent events in the global city of London in June 2017: the London Bridge terrorist attack and the Grenfell Tower fire. For some, global cities like London are imagined as inclusive and postimperial: a place of safety and security. Others regard global cities like London as sites of intensive racialisation, inequality, and hierarchy: a political order that produces insecurity. Scholarly debates suggest that public sensemaking could generate alternative political registers to contest the established narratives that sustain violent orders. Yet, our analysis reveals that, in this instance, intertextual sensemaking in a social media age overwhelmingly reflected and reproduced existing socio-political order. Through discourses of denial, the prosperous global city of London emerged as a place where violence might occur but not a violent place. We analyse three discourses of denial: (1) that the events failed to reflect 'who we are', (2) that 'others' were to blame, and (3) a fatalistic acceptance that some violence 'is what it is'. Despite academic optimism about public sensemaking, we show denial functions to externalise the causes of violence from socio-political and spatial orders, limiting the scope for change.

Flisfeder's recent contribution to literature on social media within psychoanalysis and critical theory is less a variation on the well-versed theme than an ingeniously crafted statement, deserving the praise and attention both by those within and outside of the field. Tying together Lacanian psychoanalysis, Marxist and critical media theory i l l u s t r at e d by c l o s e re a d i n g s o f contemporary sci-fi film, Flisfeder lays g ro u n d fo r a N e w S t r u c t u r a l i s t interpretation of social media befitting twenty-first-century capitalism.

Union considering the aspect of their level of information and communication technology (ICT) development focusing on e-learning. With the help of discriminant analysis the countries are categorized into groups based on their ICT maturity and e-learning literacy level of development. Making a comparison with a benchmarking tool, the ITU (International Telecommunication Union)'s ICT Development Index (IDI) the results are confirmed partly correct. The article tries to find economical explanations for the re-grouping of the countries ranking. Finally the author examines the reliability of Hungary's ranking results and the factors which may affect this divergence from the real picture. 1

This paper is part of the IOM Migration Research Leaders Syndicate’s contribution toward the Global Compact for Migration. It is one of 26 papers that make up a consolidated Syndicate publication, which focuses on proposing ways to address complex and pressing issues in contemporary international migration. The Migration Research Leaders Syndicate, convened as part of IOM’s efforts to extend policy and technical expertise in support of the Global Compact for Migration, comprises senior researchers from diverse geographic, disciplinary and thematic backgrounds. The Syndicate provides a channel for leading experts in migration to propose ideas to meet the ambitious goals outlined in the New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants of September 2016. In technical papers such as this one, Syndicate members were invited to identify and propose ways to resolve key conundrums currently posing challenges to international migration governance. To hone their proposals, they benefited from t...

Dijital oyunların popüler hale gelmesiyle oyun sektörünün akademik bir alana dönüşmesi söz konusu olmuştur. Beraberinde ortaya çıkan ludoloji kavramı ekseninde sosyolojik, felsefi ve kültürel bakış açıları doğmuştur. Bu makalede, Platon’un idealar kuramı ve Baudrillard’ın simülasyon kuramı perspektifinden, sanal dünyada hakikatin karşılığını bulabilmek için sanat argümanları bağlamında, “gerçeklik” sorgulamaları yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. İdealar kuramına göre “dijital oyunlar simülasyon evreni mi” yoksa “hakikatin farklı bir temsili midir” sorgulamaları  yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmada, teorik literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda dijital oyunların, gerçekliğin yeniden üretimine ve ideolojilerin eleştirel ortamda çoğulculuk ilkesiyle seslenişine zemin hazırlar nitelikte olduğu vurgulanmıştır.

Lilla Vicsek, Ph.D. conducts research on the gender culture of organizations, as well as research related to the sociology of science and technology at the Institute of Sociology and Social Policy at Corvinus University of Budapest. Her recent publications dealt with the media framing of stem cell research/ treatment and the role this played in shaping audience understandings of the issue and appeared in Science Communication and in New Genetics and Society. She is currently conducting research on attitudes towards reproductive technologies in Hungary.

Surveys on science and technology indicate that in general, women are less interested in, and less supportive of science and technology than are men. However, differences between women and men highly depend on the specific technology, and amongst the more educated groups gender differences tend to be rather small. According to recent empirical data, Hungarian attitudes towards biotechnology are not significantly determined by gender. Women as a social group do not identify as supporters of or opponents to these technologies, although certain genderspecific concerns are expressed, as for example in the case of consumption of genetically modified (GM) food. This paper first presents some background information followed by data collected by international and national surveys related to science-society, biotechnology and gender issues. Next, it introduces two examples for biotechnologyrelated legislation: (i) the special legislation introduced in Hungary concerning production of MON 810...

A tanulmany celja a nemzetkozi vallalatok nemzeti hatarokat atlepő belső kommunikaciojanak vizsgalata, azaz milyen strategiakkal iranyitjak a vallalatok vezetői az elterő szociokulturalis kornyezetben folyo kommunikaciot. A szerzők nemzetkozi vallalatnak azokat tekintik, amelyek ertekesitesi diviziot, kepviseleti irodat műkodtetnek orszaghataraikon kivul, amelyeknek leanyvallalataik vannak kulfoldon. "Standardizalas vagy differencialas: nemzetkozi nagyvallalatok magyarorszagi gazdalkodo egysegeinek kommunikacioja" temaju kutatasukban a Magyarorszagon leanyvallalattal rendelkező nemzetkozi vallalatokat vizsgaljak. Kulonbseget tesznek a vallalaton kivuli (extern), valamint a vallalaton beluli (intern) nemzetkozi kommunikacio kozott. A kutatas a vallalaton beluli nemzetkozi kommunikaciot vizsgalta, hangsulyos kerdeskore a nemzetkozi nagyvallalatok magyarorszagi gazdalkodo egysegeikkel (leanyvallalataikkal) folytatott kommunikacioja. Modszeruk a rendszerező szakertői interju. ...

A munkahelyi konfliktusok az élet állandó tényezői, azonban a konfliktusok megítélése, kezelése és azok megélése egyénenként változó lehet. Számos kutatás foglalkozik a klasszikus meghatározás szerinti generációk (boomer, X, Y és Z) különböző munkahelyi aspektusaival. Jelen tanulmány központi témájának a generációk közötti konfliktusok elemzését választották a szerzők. Kutatásuk során arra keresték a választ, hogy munkahelyi környezetben a különböző korosztályú emberek között kialakuló nézeteltérések valóban generációs problémákból fakadnak-e, tényegesen létezik-e az a szakadék a fiatal és idősebb munkavállaló között, amely a munkahelyi konfliktusok kialakításában szerepet játszik. Kutatásuk alapján a különböző generációba tartozó munkavállalók eltérő módon viselkednek konfliktushelyzetben. A tartósan fennálló ellentétek káros hatásai azonosíthatók egyéni és szervezeti dimenzióban egyaránt. A fiatal munkavállalók konfliktushelyzetben inkább versengők, a konfliktusokat destruktív jelenségként ítélik meg, míg a boomereket inkább az együttműködő magatartás jellemzi. A különböző generációk tagjai egyetértenek abban, hogy a munkahelyi konfliktusok jellemzően értékrendi és kommunikációs tényezőkre vezethetők vissza. Következtetésük alapján a munkahelyi konfliktusok negatív hatásai csökkenthetők a szervezetek értékalapú munkaerő-kiválasztási és -beillesztési kompetenciáinak fejlesztésével. Kulcsszavak: generációmenedzsment, munkahelyi konfliktus, értékrend 1. táblázat A generáció fogalmi lehatárolása

The MEDIVA project seeks to strengthen the capacity of the media to reflect the increasing diversity of European societies and promote immigrant integration. To achieve this objective, the project will organize the knowledge produced so far and will create a searchable online database of all relevant studies on media and diversity/integration issues that will be made available for use by the media professionals as well as the general public. Building on the existing work and combining it with a series of in depth interviews with senior journalists across Europe, the MEDIVA project will generate a set of media monitoring indicators (which will be available in 8 languages) that can work for different media, in different countries, and that can provide the basis of a self- and other-assessment and future monitoring mechanism in the media. Four thematic reports will be written to reflect on how journalists and other media professionals deal with migrant diversity in five areas of their ...

This paper is part of the IOM Migration Research Leaders Syndicate’s contribution toward the Global Compact for Migration. It is one of 26 papers that make up a consolidated Syndicate publication, which focuses on proposing ways to address complex and pressing issues in contemporary international migration. The Migration Research Leaders Syndicate, convened as part of IOM’s efforts to extend policy and technical expertise in support of the Global Compact for Migration, comprises senior researchers from diverse geographic, disciplinary and thematic backgrounds. The Syndicate provides a channel for leading experts in migration to propose ideas to meet the ambitious goals outlined in the New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants of September 2016. In technical papers such as this one, Syndicate members were invited to identify and propose ways to resolve key conundrums currently posing challenges to international migration governance. To hone their proposals, they benefited from t...

In the light of the MEDIVA project findings we have built a set of Media Assessment Indicators aimed at monitoring and evaluating a media outlet's capacity to reflect migration related diversity and promote migrant integration. Such monitoring and assessment can take the form of self-evaluation and self-monitoring (by the management of a media outlet) or it can take the form of an institutional monitoring and assessment mechanism, performed by the state, by a media ombudsman or by a media professional association.

European societies are becoming increasingly multicultural and ethnically diverse as a result of immigration. This change, however, is not properly reflected in the European mass media, neither in the portrayal nor in the representation of immigrants in the mainstream media. The aim of this paper is to analyse the newsmaking routines of mainstream newspapers and TV channels in six European countries (Britain, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland) with a view to showing which are the factors that mostly influence these routines. We analyse the impact of three factors on the making of migration related news: a) the news value of such news; b) the role of newsmaking routines and in particular who selects what is published and why; c) the availability of alternative sources and the journalists' trust of different types of news sources. Our study shows that while migrant media follow the general rule that something negative has a higher news value they are also bound up with additional challenges notably that media do not cover migration as a topic regularly, that media outlets have a given 'line' of coverage as regards migration and this contributes to shaping what kind of news are reported. Third, journalists are not always well networked with migrant sources to have access to them. While the rule of thumb "you have to talk to people who are directly involved" holds not all journalists devote the necessary energy and time to present a balanced coverage of migration related issues.

A propaganda mint rítus a mai Magyarországon Politikai propaganda újra Magyarországon? 2012. január 21-én mintegy százezer ember gyűlt össze Budapest központjában, hogy megtartsa az 1989-90-es rendszerváltás óta eltelt évek legnagyobb politikai demonstrációját. Bár az életszínvonal a 2008-ban kitört pénzügyi és gazdasági válság óta nem javult érdemben, Orbán Viktor kormányának politikája pedig heves vitákat váltott ki bel-és külföldön egyaránt, az összegyűlt tömeg a hatalmon lévő Fidesz-KDNP-pártszövetséget és vezetőjét éltette. Egyesek magyar zászlókat vittek, mások olyan táblákat, amelyeken az állt, hogy "Magyarország szeretlek", "Szeretünk Viktor", "Viktor a mi vezérünk", "Nem leszünk gyarmat!", "Szégyen az EU-ra", "Tagok legyünk, vagy szabadok?". Más feliratok a "spekuláns" tőkét és a nemzet "árulóit" bírálták. 1 A demonstráció, amelyet a következő évben még két alkalommal ismételték meg, a megfi gyelőt a régi idők kommunista propagandaeseményeire emlékeztethette, különösen azért, mert a rendezvényt a szervezők "békemenet"-nek nevezték, a "béke" pedig -mint közismert -a hidegháború évtizedeiben Közép-és Kelet-Európa-szerte a kommunista államokban volt a hivatalos retorika része, amelyek magukat "béketábor"-nak, külpolitikájukat pedig "békeharc"-nak nevezték.

India is a land of diverse cultures and traditions, and one of the most
ancient and fascinating forms of expression is the art of tattooing. For
centuries, various tribal communities across the country have practiced
tattooing for different purposes, such as identity, status, beauty,
protection, healing, and religion. With the advent of colonization and
modernization, many of these indigenous tattoo traditions have been
lost or replaced with western designs. This study, tries to explore some
of the reasons behind the disappearance of these traditions, as well as
some of the efforts to preserve and revive them. Also discussed are some of the unique features and meanings of these tattoos, and how
they reflect the rich and diverse heritage of India.
Many people in India prefer to have a clean body with no marks or
tattoos. However, there are many people in India who use tattoos as a
sign of status or just as a jewellery notch. The art of tattooing in India is
known as “Godna” in Hindi and is done on the body using needles and
colours. The art of permanent tattooing is deeply entrenched in Indian
culture. From the snow-soaked hill forests of the beautiful seven sisters
to the dry humid deserts of Rann of Kutch of west, the art of tattooing
has one way or another to be talked about. Be it the Ramnami Samaj or
the Headhunting Konyaks of Nagaland- people with green bodies can
easily be located anywhere across the country. The culture of tattooing
resides with Indian traditions and has a significant influence on Indian
culture.
Temporary tattoo one part is Mehndi. If you are an Indian women than
you must be aware about the art of Mehndi you know that this Mehndi
is actually the temporary tattoo art. Many religions in India do not
favour the permanent tattoos. Like tattoos are considered to be haram in
Sunni Islam, based on rulings from passages in the Hadith. So thus to
counter this fact, the temporary tattoos came into place so that such
people can too enjoy the liberty.

The research described here was performed on the background of the geopolitical fluctuations in Eastern Europe and the annexation of Crimea by Russia. These events caused fear of pro-Russian propaganda particularly in the so-called Internet hybrid-trolls, i.e., commentators who are on the payroll of Russian state agencies who disrupt internet discussion boards with massive pro-Russian information and opinions. This paper describes methodology of identifying possible hybrid-trolls, data gathering from the biggest Latvian online news sites delfi.lv, apollo.lv, tvnet.lv that provide information in Latvian and Russian language, and analysis of the data by means of quantitative analysis as well as qualitative, that included content analysis and a case study. The analysis shows that the presence of pro-Russian hybrid trolls is inconclusive. However, following the outlined methodology some cases were recorded. Quantitative as well as qualitative analyses demonstrate that the overall presen...

Th e research described here was performed on the background of the geopolitical fl uctuations in Eastern Europe and the annexation of Crimea by Russia. Th ese events caused fear of pro-Russian propaganda particularly in the so-called Internet hybrid-trolls, i.e., commentators who are on the payroll of Russian state agencies who disrupt internet discussion boards with massive pro-Russian information and opinions. Th is paper describes methodology of identifying possible hybrid-trolls, data gathering from the biggest Latvian online news sites (delfi .lv, apollo.lv, tvnet.lv) that provide information in Latvian and Russian language, and analysis of the data by means of quantitative analysis as well as qualitative, that included content analysis and a case study. Th e analysis shows that the presence of pro-Russian hybrid trolls is inconclusive. However, following the outlined methodology some cases were recorded. Quantitative as well as qualitative analyses demonstrate that the overall presence and exposure of the alleged trolls in the given period was insignifi cant and the infl uence of trolls on public opinion highly questionable.

This study examines society’s susceptibility to COVID-19-related disinformation in Latvia, linking it to self-evaluation of the perceived COVID-19 health risks. The main research questions are: “How do Latvians experience disinformation about COVID-19?”; “How does this experience relate to different degrees of perceived disease risks?”. A nationally representative survey was conducted in September 2020, reaching 1,013 of Latvia’s residents aged 18 to 75. More than half of the respondents (54%) have encountered misleading or false information; 30% thought that “the COVID-19-related chaos is beneficial to politicians”, while 17% believed that “COVID-19 is like flu”. Respondents with a higher level of education and more active media usage habits are more likely to recognise disinformation about COVID-19. Moreover, this skill is linked to a higher degree of perceived threat of the disease. Yet, those who rate their risk of disease as very high, alongside those who rate their risk of dis...

This article draws on the challenges confronting community media in South Africa, Ghana and Nigeria to propose a 'rethink' in media policy conception and the political processes for policy-making. It suggests an 'ethical-political' policy model as best suited to the contribution of community media towards sophistication in media policy discourse in the twenty-first century. The article locates community media within the conceptual framework of 'alternative journalism' and the scholarly debates about 'shapers' of media policy decisions. The empirical data are drawn from oral interviews conducted between 2011 and 2014. The study concludes, firstly, that African governments and media regulators need to quickly redress the pressures on community media to improve their effectiveness as policy activists. Secondly, the challenge of community media to media policy requires a revision of the conceptual, social, and political frameworks for media policy-making along the 'ethical-political' logic to make them more integrative and sophisticated. And thirdly, the contribution of community media requires greater public and academic acknowledgement. These issues are considered from the sociological and philosophical perspectives and only in relation to community press and broadcasting media.

Dél-Kínában a vándormunkások a legalacsonyabb jövedelmű csoporthoz tartoznak, az utóbbi években mégis meredeken emelkedett közöttük a mobiltelefonnal rendelkezők száma. Még érdekesebb, hogy az általuk használt mobiltelefonok ára havi jövedelmük háromszorosát vagy négyszeresét is elérheti. Ennek a jelenségnek a nyomába szegődve, a tanulmány szerzői 2003-tól kezdve mélyinterjúkat készítettek a vándormunkások mobiltelefon-használatáról és annak társadalmi következményeiről Dongguan Cityben. Tanulmányukban áttekintik a mobil-telefónia fejlődését Kínában és bemutatják a vándormunkások körében kialakult tipikus mobiltelefon-használati mintákat, feltárva azoknak a munkások társadalmi kapcsolataira gyakorolt hatásait. Rávilágítanak arra, hogy a kiterjesztett kapcsolati hálózatok hogyan segítik a vándormunkásokat a számukra kedvezőbb munkafeltételek elérésében. Végül bemutatják a rohamosan terjedő alkalmi munkavállalás jelenségét és előrejelzéseket tesznek az IKT terjedésének várható jövőbel...

One of the most prominent parts of the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election was the mediatized topic of achieving Ukrainian church independence, and its symbol, the tomos document received from the Ecumenical Patriarch in January 2019. This process was a part of incumbent president Petro Poroshenko’s electoral campaign. Narrative analysis of this topic showed that it had a structure similar to that of classic Hollywood plots. It is unlike most other media narratives present in the information space. We prove that this topic had a major influence on its audience: media attention to the topic of Tomos was found to be closely correlated to Google search data associated with the ‘tomos’ search term and with electoral support for Poroshenko. However, this narrative`s audience was limited to the patriotic electorate, thus Poroshenko did not win the election. Nevertheless, the Tomos story became so influential that it can be considered a part of national and strategic narratives.

Az alkalmazottak munkaelégedettségének mérésére több, nemzetközileg is elfogadott eszköz hivatott, ezek közül az egyik legismertebb a Minnesota Elégedettségi Kérdőív (Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire – Weiss et al., 1977). A tanulmány az eredeti amerikai kérdőív validálását és magyar nyelvű verziójának létrehozását tűzte ki célul, a munka során a hosszú (az eredetiben 100, a magyarban 80 kérdéses) és a rövid (20 kérdéses) kérdőívet is elkészítettük. A statisztikai elemzést 207 fős mintán megerősítő faktorelemzési (CFA-), illetve feltáró faktorelemzési (EFA-) módszerrel végeztük. A rövid kérdőív további vizsgálata során az elemeket – a nemzetközi kutatásoknak megfelelően – három skálába rendeztük: (1) külső tényezők és konkrét munkavégzés, (2) empowerment és (3) munkakörülmények. A kérdőív magyar változata, a Minnesota Elégedettségi Kérdőív megbízható és érvényes mérőeszköznek tekinthető a dolgozói elégedettség vizsgálatához. Gyors kitölthetősége és komplexitása miatt a kérdőív r...

The value co-creation concept has become a marketing answer to today's challenges, the economy is facing. The field of higher education (HE) is experiencing the same pressure of outer factors as any other service industry. As a result, service providers (colleges and universities), as well as customers (students, graduates and employers) are dissatisfied with the quality of services and the level of generated value. The aim of this paper is to discuss how universities can use value co-creation concept to improve the situation. We consider social media to become engagement platforms for enabling value cocreation. Therefore, this paper discusses their current usage and perspectives for Ukrainian HE in creating mutual value. Top-five Ukrainian universities in the Webometrics rating are analyzed in terms of their SM activities on Facebook, YouTube and Instagram. The value itself is considered a multi-dimensional category and the co-creation directions are analyzed in terms of the theory of consumption values (TCV) and from the perspective of two customer groups-students and employers. Recommendations include practical tools on engaging students and employers to the VCC process, grouped by the type of the value obtained.

Jelen cikk celja, hogy feltarja az ertekesitesi tevekenyseg ismert folyamatanak atalakulasat a kulonfele, ertekesitesi celu digitalis es kozossegimedia-eszkozok hatasainak elemzesen keresztul. Az ertekesitesi folyamat alapvető fazisainak ismertetese utan a kutatas kiter a digitalizacio altal lehetőve tett kulonfele megoldasok elmeleti megnyilvanulasaira es hatasaira. Az adatelemzes alapjat ertekesitői mintan keszitett, kerdőives felmeressel kombinalt melyinterjuk kepeztek. Az interjuk adatainak kvalitativ elemzese alapjan az lathato, hogy az ertekesites kulonboző fazisaiban mas-mas jelentőseggel bir, hogy az ertekesitői szakma milyen eszkozokkel el, valamint, hogy milyen modon hasznalja fel az adott eszkozoket ertekesitői munkajahoz. A hatterkutatas es lead generalas, a kapcsolatfelvetel, az előkeszites es edukacio, de maga a targyalas es arubemutato prezentacio, vagy a rendeles, valamint a tenyleges uzletkotest kovető kapcsolatmenedzsment fazisaiban mas-mas jelentőseggel birnak a k...

The following paper analyses users’ attitudes and the behavioural aspects of e-commerce solutions in a Hungarian context combined with social media elements in a mobile environment. Although e-commerce penetration is still in its infancy in Hungary, users’ smartphone penetration is increasing due to the rapidly changing technological environment. Therefore, different aspects of consumer behaviour can be understood through purposeful research. The aim of the present study is to understand how the Hungarian mobile e-commerce market could develop. Results show how mobile social commerce affects different outcome variables such as satisfaction and brand loyalty, considering the influencing factors that affect attitudes towards and actual use of social mobile e-commerce (e.g. perceived usefulness, privacy concerns).

In the digital economy, the development of e-commerce is continuous, with additional opportunities offered by mobile commerce (m-commerce). The aim of this study is to analyze, in the frame of an online survey, the relevance of different m-commerce solutions in Hungary (as compared with China), and the possible intentions to use m-commerce applications. Moreover, the effect of word-of-mouth on mobile social media platforms on consumers’ intention to purchase and postpurchase behavior are analyzed. Based on the results, before the launch of social m-commerce applications, consumers’ education and training seem to be very important, before potential users can adopt these new solutions.

In the new social media context, it is gradually more common to say that each party can itself be considered a media content provider, firms included (through their brand pages). This tendency is reflected in a rising professional field called “content marketing”. This study incorporates the perspective of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) into the scope of social media (SM) as a marketing communications and media content distribution system. In an exploratory content analysis of 20 official SM brand pages with 1281 analyzed posts the authors study how SMEs respond to the advent of a new paradigm of marketing communications with special attention to their usage of media-specific contents. SM impels companies to eventually rethink the traditional one-way communication flow of their marketing messages and to incorporate a new, two-way communication into their marketing strategy, where (their engaged and involved) users can create, modify, share and discuss content related to t...

A cikk azt vizsgálja, hogy az értékesítők által használt offline és online kommunikációs csatornák, valamint az innovációs magatartása milyen hatással van a bizalomra, valamint a vevőmegtartásra. Az elemzéshez PLS-SEM modellt használtak a szerzők, amely megfelelő feltáró modellalkotásnál, valamint robusztus kisebb elemszámnál is. Eredményeik rámutatnak arra, hogy az offline és az online kommunikáció egyaránt pozitív hatással van a bizalomra, vagyis a minőségi kapcsolattartás-függetlenül annak módjától-a bizalomépítés alapját jelenti. Emellett az innovációs magatartás is pozitív hatást gyakorol a bizalomra, valamint a vevőmegtartásra, ami kiemeli az értékesítő innovációs magatartásának jelentőségét.

The twenty-fi rst century brought with it the proliferation of new media. We carry mobile devices and smartphones with us nearly everywhere we go. Constantly hooked up to the world by these tools, the bigger question is why we are sometimes not available. Our personal networks have partly migrated to online social networks, and new networks now penetrate our everyday lives in the digital sphere. In this online survey research, the authors searched for insights into how important smartphones and Facebook, the most popular social media site in Hungary, have become in people's lives. The kinds of attitudes that characterise the use of these tools were analysed, especially in the case of privacy and the use of personal data. The aim of this research-by establishing the actual situation-is to show how modern media, publicity, and privacy are linked, and how people reveal themselves by their constant media presence.

New digital trends are transforming the media industry landscape, modifying elemental characteristics and attitudes of companies as well as of consumers. Firms often claim that their presence in social media (SM) is a key element to success. SM helps companies rethink the traditional one-way flow of their marketing messages and to incorporate a new interactive pattern into their communications. Nevertheless, these tendencies involve problems of strategic myopia for firms that do not structurally integrate these tools. One main problem is that institutions can rarely differentiate between the various types of SM and the attributes thereof, while the literature equally reveals a number of contradictions in the subject. The present conceptual paper lays the foundations of a strategic approach to SM and discusses its theoretical implications. Following an overview on the concept of SM, through a content analysis of the specialized management literature (n = 14), we present various best practices and reflect on the apparent lack of strategic thinking in using SM as a marketing application. Then, we compare these practical examples with general marketing strategy theory. By merging theory and practice, we aim to provide an insight towards a well-founded application of SM as a genuinely strategic marketing tool.

A közösségi média jelenségével kapcsolatban egyre tágabb térben értelmezhető az a felvetés mely szerint minden szereplő tekinthető egyfajta (média-) tartalomszolgáltatónak, így a vállatok is. Tanulmányunkban a kis-és közepes vállalkozások marketingkommunikációs és tartalomszolgáltatói szerepét vizsgáljuk a közösségi média színterén. Feltáró kvalitatív kutatásunkban 20 kkv hivatalos Facebook márkaoldal 1300 bejegyzésének tartalomelemzésén keresztül vizsgáljuk meg, hogyan használják ki a közösségi média által előidézett paradigmaváltást marketingkommunikációs tevékenységükben akkor, amikor e vállalatok a hagyományos, tömegmédiában történő hagyományos reklámtevékenységből méretük és a magas belépési korlátok miatt alapesetben kimaradnak. A kisebb tőkével, piaci erővel és vezetői erőforrásokkal bíró kkv-k általánosságban rugalmasabbak és innovatívabbak, mint nagyobb társaik. E tulajdonságok érdekes kutatási terepet biztosítanak a közösségi média általában véve személyes jellegével össze...

Strategic planning is defined as a management pr ocess that blends planning, programming, budgeting and business policy wi th increased emphasis on environmental forec ting It i proc ss that gives internal as well as external con id r tion rn o 1ul trn nd implementing strategy. The strategic planning proc h I o umfy corporate directions. In driving the same vision nd mi ron. th pi nning process brings a bout a unifying trust, which is very h rd to ch1eve without a systematic proces s. Shell PB Kenya Ltd Limited is a large organisation operating in a complex and turbulent oil market environment. This is in relatio n to supply logistics, foreign exchange rates, government taxes and environme ntal regulations. The parent company is global , carrying out business both upstream (exploration and refining) and down stream (marketing of oil produc ts) . The company has been facing some serious ch allenges in the recent past. There is unfair competition Independent oil deale rs have entered ...

The importance of medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing day by day. The international market of herbal products is estimated to be US$ 62 billion which is poised to grow to US$ 5 trillion by 2050. For making full use of this potential, countries must develop scientific cultivation, post harvest technology, processing, manufacturing, research and extension, patenting and marketing for medicinal plants. With regards to this importance, the main goal of this research was to study the motivations and problems of aromatic plant processing at Kashan City, Iran. This city has more than 370 species of wild medicinal and aromatic plants. Over 70 plant species are processed in this region. The result of processing is the production of rosewater and other distillates. In this survey, a research questionnaire was used. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha (> 0.7) and validated by the ideas of selected experts and producers. The statistical population were traditional producers of rosewater and other distillates 105 of whom were selected randomly. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency, percentage, cumulative percentage, mean, minimum, maximum, coefficient of variation and factor analysis were used for data analysis. The result of factor analysis for motivations of aromatic plant processing indicated that five factors (cultural belief, economic, skill, relative advantage and job creation) explained 68% of total variance. Regarding the problems of aromatic plant processing, five factors (economic, production, managerial, research and support) explained 74% of total variance.

2015 januarjaban az osszes magyarorszagi felhasznalot letiltotta az egyik nagy-britanniai futballklub a Facebook-oldalarol. Esettanulmanyomban annak jarok utana, mi vezetett ehhez a donteshez, mi lehetett a kivalto oka, es mikeppen oldodott fel ez a kozossegi oldalon zajlo konfliktus. A konfliktus szereplői egyfelől az angol harmadik ligabeli Notts County labdarugo csapat (es a kommunikacioert felelős teamje), masfelől a magyar Trollfoci Facebook-oldal, illetve felhasznaloi. A konfliktus kiindulopontja egy magyar jatekos atigazolasa volt az angol csapathoz (egy masik angliai klubtol, az Ipswich Towntol). A futballista a szurkolok szerint igen nagykepű es fellengzős videonyilatkozatot adott tobb alkalommal is, amivel kivaltotta a focirajongok ellenszenvet, es ezaltal internetes memek alapjava is valt. A dolgozatban ezt a folyamatot vizsgalom meg a memek, a nyelvhasznalat es a konfliktuskezeles szempontjabol. Az elemzes egy korpuszalapu empirikus vizsgalatra epul, fő szempontjai a kov...