Livable Streets

1 WORLD SYMPOSIUM ON SUSTAINABLE

TRANSPORT AND LIVABILITY

ST

Organized By:
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, India
SIG-F4, World Conference on Transport Research Society (WCTRS)

25 - 27 June 2025
th th
SYMPOSIUM REPORT

Achieving liveable communities in cities has gained growing interest worldwide over the past twenty years. It is evident in various scientific literature arguing the livability notion from different scientific disciplines, such as social and environmental science. Indeed, the Liveability notion is ambiguous and complex that is perceived differentially according to each scientific discipline's perspective. Moreover, establishing a consensus over a united understanding of the "Liveability Dimensions" term might be unreachable. Despite having appeared repetitively among various academic studies, the intended meaning and content of the "Liveability Dimensions" term is not necessarily held the same. Indeed, several scholars and organizations have defined the Liveability dimensions. However, every one of them has introduced his comprehension of Liveability dimensions based on his perspective or experience drawn from other scholars' research. Through a case study analysis, this paper intends to establish a general understanding and background for the Liveability notion and shed light on the practical meaning of the Liveability Dimensions. The study was conducted in one of the top liveable cities worldwide, the City of Melbourne CBD. It is a city that is referred to be among the pioneers interested in the field of achieving liveable cities over the globe. The case study analysis was performed based on three main categories that combined reflected the livability dimensions: Physical and Environmental Indices, Economic Indices, and Social Indices. Through the study analysis, this paper concluded with a set of urban, economic, and social indices that contribute to creating Liveable city centers, where people, in the same area, can live, work, and entertain.

This research explores how to understand the concept of 'liveable streets' in the context of Shanghai. It follows the Chinese State Council's call (2015) for ungated communities and dense street networks, meant to improve liveability in cities. Factors of liveability have been extracted from both the international and Chinese literature and refined through locally-administered online questionnaires (n=95) and semi-structured interviews (n=12) with a sample of urban studies professionals. The outcome of this research is an analytical framework consisting of qualities, factors and indicators to assess and distinguish what constitutes a liveable street in Shanghai. A minimal set of 28 indicators is proposed to facilitate the straight-forward application of the framework in fast-growing urban settings. This research reveals the importance of contextualizing liveability factors and their relevance in informing policy-making and the practice of urban design and planning in Chinese cities.

The rapid transformation of urban neighborhoods, alongside changing lifestyles, has prompted cities to prioritize not only mitigating climate stress but also improving the well-being of their residents. According to a study reported in the 2022 World Urbanization Prospects, cities emit greenhouse gases ranging from 40% to 70%. There is a possibility that these proportions could increase to 60% and 70% if the shrinkage of open and green spaces continues significantly, and public places become the available alternatives for people to interact socially away from their overcrowded homes. Therefore, research is focusing on studying the implementation of Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) in cities and the resulting social benefits. The research aims to propose a set of requirements that must be met to achieve the social benefits of urban green infrastructure. This will serve as a reference for urban planners and any institution involved in creating open public spaces to enhance the capabilities of workers before and after the implementation of urban green infrastructure projects. The research addresses the concept and evolution of Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI), including its components, planning methodologies, obstacles, and strategies. The research also presents an analytical study of global projects in this field. The research concludes that integrating central green areas, corridors, and steppingstones with urban green infrastructure strategies helps to achieve social benefits for and with the community. Keywords Infrastructure, Urban green infrastructure, Green Infrastructure, Climate Change, Mitigation. 1.2 Research Objectives The research aims to: 1. Increasing the city's open green spaces by 10% over the next five years, which can be achieved by measuring the ratio of green spaces to the total area of the city.

The present study investigates how the only current two bachelor of landscape architecture (LA) curriculums in Saudi universities consider the International Federation of Landscape Architects' (IFLA) twelve areas required for LA education. This is to explore differences, which will highlight the focus of the LA field in each program. This study categorizes the courses in each of the two LA curriculums based on their primary focus and degree of fit to IFLA's twelve areas through examining carefully the courses' titles, descriptions and objectives. Findings indicate that both curriculums show the highest strength in IFLA's three areas out of twelve, which include landscape design, theory and methodology as well as site engineering. The study also finds that both LA curriculums show a significant weakness in the area of public policy and regulation and an imbalance in the coverage of IFLA's areas in elective courses. Also, one of the LA curriculums shows a higher percentage of credit hours in the courses that do not fit IFLA's areas for education. The research approach applied in this study offers programs directors and researchers in LA or any other fields of education an easy and effective approach to review and assess curriculums according to a set of international criteria for education. Further research on the minimum coverage requirements of IFLA's twelve areas in LA curriculums is required.

This study generates several landscape architectural scenarios to create safe open spaces that promote children's active play in the residential streets of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a rapidly growing city with inadequate provision of functional public open spaces per person. As a method, we first introduced 17 landscape architecture (LA) students to best practices of healthy and livable residential streets. We then instructed LA students to individually develop safe open space scenarios to enhance children's active play in a typical residential street in Jeddah, which resulted in 17 scenarios. Next, we assessed students' scenarios through six indicators to identify their strengths and weaknesses. We found that most of the 17 scenarios achieved the highest strengths in providing solutions for calming traffic, accommodating different play activities, and adopting effective design treatments to physically separate the proposed open spaces from traffic. We also found that the 17 scenarios are classified under four main design strategies: Building Over the Street, Traffic Island Integration, Expanded Sidewalk Verges, and Temporary Street Function Change. With their 17 interpreted landscape architectural scenarios, the four main design strategies can inform other cities with similar urban aspects and provide the health benefits of such an open space. The strategies highlight several new management issues, such as new open space locations, approvals of nearby neighbors, access to private garages, the current on-street parking strategy, and capital and operational financing. Further research is required to investigate the effectiveness of the developed scenarios in making children physically active.

The concept of livability has garnered significant attention and has become a focal point in the research and discussions among cities and governments. As the expansion and density of urban areas, the importance of livable streets as fundamental elements of urban design has grown. Livable streets play a crucial role in creating a dynamic and thriving urban environment, driving urban transformation towards improved quality of life and sustainability. One of Egypt's most worked-on agendas is the development of the new improved street network, which has a direct effect on city residents, street users, and most importantly the country's economy. The objective of this paper is to introduce a framework for contemporary and livable commercial streets that can serve as a blueprint for promoting sustainable urban transformation in Egypt. This framework involves the development of categories and indicators to evaluate the livability of streets in contemporary settings. These indicators provide valuable guidance for decision-makers during the planning and design phases. This research adopted a practical framework, a field survey, observations, evaluation, and a questionnaire, as its research methods. To assess the effectiveness of the street livability framework, it will be implemented and tested on two newly developed streets: Prince Mohammed bin Abdelaziz Street (Tahlia Street) in the Olaya District of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and Dahshur Link Street in the Greater Cairo Region, Egypt. Through a comparative analysis of these locations, the study aims to derive meaningful conclusions and provide recommendations.

Achieving liveable communities in cities has gained growing interest worldwide over the past twenty years. It is evident in various scientific literature arguing the livability notion from different scientific disciplines, such as social and environmental science. Indeed, the Liveability notion is ambiguous and complex that is perceived differentially according to each scientific discipline's perspective. Moreover, establishing a consensus over a united understanding of the "Liveability Dimensions" term might be unreachable. Despite having appeared repetitively among various academic studies, the intended meaning and content of the "Liveability Dimensions" term is not necessarily held the same. Indeed, several scholars and organizations have defined the Liveability dimensions. However, every one of them has introduced his comprehension of Liveability dimensions based on his perspective or experience drawn from other scholars' research. Through a case study analysis, this paper intends to establish a general understanding and background for the Liveability notion and shed light on the practical meaning of the Liveability Dimensions. The study was conducted in one of the top liveable cities worldwide, the City of Melbourne CBD. It is a city that is referred to be among the pioneers interested in the field of achieving liveable cities over the globe. The case study analysis was performed based on three main categories that combined reflected the livability dimensions: Physical and Environmental Indices, Economic Indices, and Social Indices. Through the study analysis, this paper concluded with a set of urban, economic, and social indices that contribute to creating Liveable city centers, where people, in the same area, can live, work, and entertain.

Achieving liveable communities in cities has gained growing interest worldwide over the past twenty years. It is evident in various scientific literature arguing the livability notion from different scientific disciplines, such as social and environmental science. Indeed, the Liveability notion is ambiguous and complex that is perceived differentially according to each scientific discipline's perspective. Moreover, establishing a consensus over a united understanding of the "Liveability Dimensions" term might be unreachable. Despite having appeared repetitively among various academic studies, the intended meaning and content of the "Liveability Dimensions" term is not necessarily held the same. Indeed, several scholars and organizations have defined the Liveability dimensions. However, every one of them has introduced his comprehension of Liveability dimensions based on his perspective or experience drawn from other scholars' research. Through a case study analysis, this paper intends to establish a general understanding and background for the Liveability notion and shed light on the practical meaning of the Liveability Dimensions. The study was conducted in one of the top liveable cities worldwide, the City of Melbourne CBD. It is a city that is referred to be among the pioneers interested in the field of achieving liveable cities over the globe. The case study analysis was performed based on three main categories that combined reflected the livability dimensions: Physical and Environmental Indices, Economic Indices, and Social Indices. Through the study analysis, this paper concluded with a set of urban, economic, and social indices that contribute to creating Liveable city centers, where people, in the same area, can live, work, and entertain.

Purpose of this research is to determine the function of a suitable building, to get the design of mixed use building based on theory of open space. The method of research based on qualitative method to find primary data by observation but for the secondary data obtained from literature review of electronic media, books and etc. The analysis is an analysis terms of urban and analysis in terms of the macro. The result are mixed use building with apartment, office, commercial function and open space areas as supporting. For open space consist of 2 parts, the garden and field/ plaza. All into a single unit in synergy to reduce the impact of environmental issues and make the region better.(JP)

Determination of the field-saturated hydraulic conductivity can result in very high variability. So, analysis and simulation of hydrological processes such as runoff from rain requires a lot of data of field-saturated hydraulic conductivity even on a small scale. To identify this variability as well as its source, eight widely used measurement methods were compared:(Double-ring, Single-ring, Guelph permeameter, Tension infiltrometer, BEST slope , BEST intercept , Wu1 and Wu2) to evaluate the BEST method. In the single-ring method was used a metal cylinder with a radius of 10 cm. It was found that the maximum and minimum estimates of hydraulic conductivity are in Wu1 method (0.104 cm/min) ‫مهند‬ ‫و‬ ‫علوم‬ ‫آبیاري‬ ‫سی‬ Irrigation Sciences and Engineering ‫جلد‬ 04 ‫شماره‬ ، ‫ي‬ 2 ، ‫تابستان‬ 69

Dutch cities are nowadays considered among the most pedestrian-and bicycle-friendly in the world. However, back in 1971, pedestrian deaths by motor vehicles had reached record levels, with 3,300 people dead, 500 of whom were children. Following the tragic death of his young daughter in such an accident, a journalist wrote a polemical article, entitled "Stop the Child Murder", which became a national sensation. With the same motto, in the densely populated district of De Pijp in Amsterdam, a group of children organized themselves to demand safer streets and to claim open space for play instead for car parking. In a documentary filmed locally, we watch children actively claiming their rights, putting up barricades to exclude motor traffic, standing up to adults expressing opposite opinions. Soon after, many local streets in De Pijp were transformed into "woonerven" (living streets), where children can move around safely and play in the proximity of their houses, thus setting the norm in the Netherlands. In the paper this historical case of a grassroots movement successfully instigating institutional change is critically presented in order to understand its local specificities and to extract useful lessons about the tools, agents and methodology of communitybased urban transformation.

ABSTRAK. Kawasan jalan MH. Thamrin Jakarta Pusat merupakan kawasan perkantoran yang berdampingan dengan kawasan permukiman serta pusat perbelanjaan dengan skala sosial-ekonominya yang beragam. Keberadaan fasilitas MRT Jakarta dengan stasiun MRT Bundaran HI yang berdiri di kawasan tersebut menjadi faktor tarikan terhadap pergerakan pejalan kaki di sekitarnya, terutama yang berasal dari permukiman (bangkitan pergerakan). Dengan akses ruang jalan yang eksisting, blok perkantoran dan pusat perbelanjaan yang ada perlu dikaji kemampuan permeabilitasnya untuk mempermudah pejalan kaki untuk menuju faktor tarikan di kawasan tersebut. Latar belakang tersebut mendasari permasalahan yang diangkat, agar ditemukan solusi aksesibilitas dan kemampuan permeabilitas yang lebih baik sehingga keberadaan fasilitas MRT dapat lebih terjangkau dari kawasan sekitarnya. Dalam teori tentang aktivitas berjalan kaki, pengurangan waktu tempuh atau peningkatan mobilitas dapat diperoleh dari tingkat permeabilitas ...

The MH Thamrin Central Jakarta road area is an office area adjacent to residential areas in all its socio-economic levels. With the configuration of access to the existing road spaces, office blocks become barrier  for residential areas as generated when  they are related to  the MRT station as pulled of movement. This problem is the background of this research, so that a solution that is found to be effective in making this office block more permeable to access existing MRT stations. In walking activities, shorter travel times and increased mobility can be obtained by the existence of environmental permeability to the movement actors who in this case are pedestrians themselves. Environmental permeability is created from factors such as connectivity and accessibility. Based on the theory, and with the space syntax simulation method using the DepthmapX application, this study was designed to identify  accessibility condition of  the area being the case study, and also to find a more ...

Slamet Riyadi street is one of Surakarta main roads which has a role as network connectivity withinadjacent district. Slamet Riyadi street whose existence line up with the history of Surakarta, housesseveral historical building heritage along its road. The structures alongside Slamet Riyadi street havemany different functions, one of them is commerce and trade purpose which ample mostly on thesection of Ngapeman through Gladak. Ngapeman through Gladak section has a prospect to becomean example of a thriving pedestrian mall. A pedestrian mall is capable to revive the active use ofSlamet Riyadi street. A pedestrian Mall in Slamet Riyadi street can be used as a means to promotewalking habit for the citizens by providing a space for pedestrian. With an addition of rapid transitfacility, people in the city will be convinced to take a stroll on its pedestrian way, thus provide anactive use for the district. A pedestrian Mall promotes diverse activities, which include daily orperiodic acti...

ABSTRAK Pada tahun 1861, Appleyard mengemukakan konsepnya terkait livable street, atau konsep daya hidup pada jalan. Dimana untuk menarik livabilitas pada jalan atau aktivitas manusia di jalan terutama pada jalur pedestrian yaitu dengan peningkatan aspek kenyamanan dan keamanan di jalur pedestrian tersebut. Lokasi studi berada di Jalan Tanjung Duren Raya dan MH. Thamrin. Lokasi ini merupakan jalur yang memiliki aktivitas manusia yang tinggi di karenakan keduanya merupakan mixed use area. Hal tersebut menjadi dasar pertanyaan mengenai pengaruh kondisi fisik jalur pejalan kaki atau pedestrian berdasarkan konsep livable streets dengan aktivitas manusia yang melalui Jalan Tanjung Duren Raya dan Jalan MH. Thamrin. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan induktif kualitatif dengan paradigma yang naturalistik, dan observasi secara menerus serta pemetaan faktor fisik yang mempengaruhi daya hidup jalan. oleh karena itu dalam menjawab penelitian ini dilakukan dua analisis, yaitu analisis behavior dengan metode analisis place centered mapping dan deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara para pedestrian. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, maka Jalan MH. Thamrin dan Tanjung Duren Raya dapat dikatakan livable dengan aktivitas manusianya baik statis ataupun dinamis. Kata Kunci : Livable Street, Livabilitas, Daya Hidup, Pedestrian, Jalur Pedestrian, dan Aktivitas Manusia. Pendahuluan Dahulu pembangunan jalan di kota-kota besar hanya berfokus pada kendaraan bermotor, tetapi semakin bertambahnya tahun, perspektif tentang hal tersebut bergeser, diiringi dengan kesadaran manusia akan lingkungan, banyak dari mereka yang beralih untuk berjalan kaki menuju ke tujuan. Melihat fenomena tersebut, pemerintah Amerika mulai menerapkan konsep livable streets untuk menunjang aktivitas pedestrian dengan membuat jalur pedestrian yang ramah untuk pejalan kaki atau jalur tersebut nyaman dilalui serta aman. Di Indonesia konsep livable streets sudah mulai diterapkan dalam pembangunan jalur pedestrian, seperti jalur pedestrian di Jakarta secara fisik sudah dapat di katakan sesuai dengan kriteria livable streets, yaitu terdapat vegetasi peneduh, dan tempat duduk untuk menunjang aktivitas manusia yang berada di jalan tersebut agar aman dan nyaman, bila rasa aman dan nyaman sudah dimiliki pejalan kaki maka banyak pejalan kaki yang melewati jalur tersebut sehingga banyak terjadi interaksi antarmanusia dijalur tersebut, dan membuat jalur pedestrian menjadi hidup. Konsep ini juga sudah diterapkan di jalur pedestrian terutama pada koridor komersil dan perkantoran, tetapi realitanya masih ada jalur pedestrian yang rusak, terputus serta ada juga yang dijadikan tempat berjualan serta parkir liar yang mengganggu kenyamanan dan keamanan pejalan kaki. Jalan Tanjung Duren Raya dan Jalan MH. Thamrin, menurut Perda No 01 Tahun 2012 berisi tentang pembangunan dan peningkatan fasilitas jalur pejalan kaki di Jalan tersebut untuk menunjang pengembangan prasana transportasi di wilayahnya, dimana kedua lokasi memiliki ciri wilayah yang berbeda walaupun memiliki fungsi yang sama yaitu mixed use area. Jalan Tanjung Duren Raya merupakan wilayah yang di khususkan untuk area mixed use, dengan perdagangan dan jasa seperti pasar, ruko dan ada apartemen dengan kegiatan yang berhubungan rumah tangga yang tinggi. Lalu di Jalan MH. Thamrin merupakan mixed use dengan area perkantoran, mal dan hotel dan kegiatan tertinggi oleh aktivitas mobilitas para pekerja. Untuk mengetahui efektifitas dari rencana pengembangan prasarana transpotasi di sana, dapat dinilai dengan tingkat aktivitas pejalan kaki di kedua wilayah ini. Maka, dilakukan analisis tingkat livabilitas di kedua jalan tersebut yaitu dengan mengimplementasikan

Generalizations about 'car culture' in the United States, and about American's 'love affair with the automobile', have concealed persistent values and practices among millions of Americans that do not suit such stereotypes. Car culture and the car's attractions are not denied. American society, however, is a complex of numerous subcultures, including many that resented and resisted the automobile's growing priority during the twentieth century. Such groups' resistance to automobile domination has been neglected. Persistent advocacy for pedestrians' interests is illustrated through numerous examples from the 1920s to the 1960s, the decades when 'car culture' rose to its apogee.

One of the most important issues of the architectural and urban design studies, is the analysis and evaluation of the visual and aesthetic aspects in the heritage streets. Every heritage street has its own visual identity, which appears clearly on its facades, street furniture and ground details. A planned treatment of the visual and aesthetic characteristics of the design elements of the street leads to achieve multiple kinds of benefits; such as clean and pollution-free environment, psychological comfort, tourism attraction, economical income, in additional to preserve the heritage features of the street itself. This study aims to view the current visual problems in the streets of Georgetown world heritage site, through studying the visual elements and relationships of the street facade and related issues, and the negative elements and factors that harms the livability in the heritage streets of Georgetown/ Penang, and finally; to suggest some solutions to sustain the heritage value of them.