Journalists' professional identity

The press has been found to play a significant role in managing conflict situations in the society. This work examines the surveillance and interpretation function of the press as critical to conflict discourse. It particularly highlights the crucial role of the grassroots media in providing a voice for non-elite segments of the society, and building confidence, hope and a sense of community and communality especially during or after a conflict event, with particular reference to the Niger Delta. Also in focus are the various issues involved in the Niger Delta conflict, noting that the media is engaged in articulating conflict behaviours mainly, instead of engaging in a comprehensive discourse of the various issues in the Niger Delta conflict. More so, the challenges affecting objective discourse of conflict issues in the Niger Delta are highlighted. This work advocates a wholistc approach to conflict discourse to include origin, dynamics, and options for resolution. It also highlights those media structures and practices that need to be established or reinforced to achieve better coverage of conflict in the Niger Delta. These measures, it is hoped, will be beneficial to the cause of resolving the conflict situation in the area.

The food domain in the contemporary scenario has undergone a radical change on account of the upsurge of food bloggers and social media influencers. They are now the key impetus in determining the food choices of people and accelerated the growth of food tourism. Their interventions are aggressively transforming international consumption patterns and setting new dietary trends.The food bloggers and vloggersgo far beyond modest foodtestimonials; they largelyshape theregional economies, induce food tourism, and cater to the advancement of an international food culture. This paperexplores the prominent role played bythecontent creators in influencing consumer behaviour, marketing strategies, and the rise of culinary-centredtours.

This study aims to identify and tell stories of journalists who have found alternatives so as to practice their profession outside the newsrooms of traditional media vehicles. In this regard, it makes an account of the profissionalization process of such journalists, as well as discusses the academic education and the job market in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Thereafter, it reports the stories of and compares similar and diverse aspects in the paths of journalists Julio Ribeiro, José Aveline Neto and Rosina Duarte.

Na efeméride de 10 anos das manifestações de Junho de 2013, o texto analisa as memórias e as narrativas em disputa em dois documentários: Junho + 10 (2023), produzido pelo jornal Folha de S. Paulo, e Versões de Junho: Dez anos das jornadas de 2013 (2023), em uma produção da revista Carta Capital. A partir deles busca-se perceber os sentidos em disputa e a memória reivindicada em torno desses acontecimentos tanto na sua origem quanto na atualidade.

Apresentamos a concepção e aplicação da proposta de Entrevista Hermenêutica em Comunicação, o aporte teórico-metodológico das dimensões necessárias à sua execução e análise interpretativa, considerando a complexidade das experiências dos entrevistados e o potencial de atravessamentos na prática do pesquisador-entrevistador. Concebemos-a como um método integrativo, com base hermenêutica, que combina fases articuladas para uma abordagem flexível, com ênfase na junção de técnica e sensibilidade do investigador, a considerar a qualidade da interação e os aspectos intersubjetivos para avaliação do contexto global da entrevista. Estimamos contribuir para o processo de preparação do pesquisador que privilegie o exercício reflexivo para uma interpretação densa da narrativa e de seus achados de pesquisa.

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O objetivo foi compreender a representação do jornalismo e do jornalista na literatura de ficção. Especificamente, tivemos como meta: i) avaliar a atividade do jornalismo, verificando se existe verossimilhança da literatura com a realidade profissional; ii) identificar estereótipos atribuídos a jornalistas; e iii) refletir sobre como representações na literatura podem contribuir para a interpretação da realidade e a concepção da profissão jornalística.

Declaro, para os devidos efeitos, ser a autora deste trabalho, parte integrante das condições exigidas para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Jornalismo pela Escola Superior de Comunicação Social -I.P.L. Este trabalho é inédito e original na sua íntegra, nunca submetido (no seu todo ou em qualquer das suas partes) a outra instituição de ensino para a obtenção de um grau académico ou qualquer outras habilitação. Atesto ainda que todas as identificações estão devidamente identificadas. Mais acrescento que tenho consciência de que o plágio poderá levar à anulação do trabalho agora apresentado.

This article analyzes the journalistic profession in eight Central and Eastern European countries: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Moldova, Romania, and Russia, using the quantitative findings of the Worlds of Journalism Study. The comparison refers to age, gender, education, positions, work experience, religion, and political views of journalists from these states. The study was conducted in each country by a national team responsible for the collected data. The national studies were carried out between 2012 and 2017. Over 3,000 journalists participated as respondents. For comparative analysis, the study builds on the national databases and the country reports written within the project by each national team.

Open access: https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/HDHKPIWD4JACHTVIMKPC/full?target=10.1080/00947679.2025.2509705

Aware that a global history of LGBTQ+ media has yet to be written, this article seeks to shed light on one of its geographical chapters, that of Latin America. A particularity of the trajectory of this sector, formed by gay and lesbian periodicals, among others, is that its origins in different South American countries refer to a context marked by coups and military regimes, followed by projects of democratic opening. On the other hand, with similarities to the cases of the United States and Europe, it is argued here that the press linked to the Latin American LGBTQ+ community can be considered from at least four stages: leisure, activism, eroticism, and a more recent one defined by the convergence of these trends in digital media. In addition to offering this historical framework, the research discusses the limitations and potential for the development of what some have called gender or identity journalism.

This study utilizes interviews with 37 full-time, professional sports journalists to understand how they construct their identity. With social identity theory as a framework, the study found that access, organizational backing, and role conception represent characteristics essential to being a sports journalist (the in-group). While the journalists also identified what they considered business reporters, social media personalities, and non-objective analysts as characteristics that, in some cases, exclude persons from calling themselves sports journalists (the out-group). These results are then interpreted through the framework of social identity theory, boundary work and professional identity.

This study proposes the interventionist and the detached orientations to watchdog journalism through the conceptual lens of journalistic role performance. Based on a content analysis of 33,640 news stories from sixty-four media outlets in eighteen countries, we measure and compare both orientations across different countries using three performative aspects of monitoring: intensity of scrutiny, voice of the scrutiny, and source of the event. Our findings show that the interventionist approach of watchdog journalism is more likely to be found in democracies with traditionally partisan and opinion-oriented journalistic cultures or experiencing sociopolitical crises. In turn, the detached orientation predominates in democracies with journalistic traditions associated to objectivity. Although both orientations have a lower presence in transitional democracies, the detached watchdog prevails, while in non-democratic countries the watchdog role is almost absent. Our results also reveal th...

This article examines the role that an emergent "object of journalism", generic visuals, plays in professional journalistic practice. Generic visuals such as stock photos and simple data visualizations have standardized formats and appearances, perform particular design functions and circulate with increasing frequency in the news media. Because they are produced, distributed and consumed regularly and at speed in today's news texts, it is important to investigate whether and how they are shaping and reshaping the profession of journalism. Drawing on semi-structured interviews conducted at three UK news organizations, we argue that journalists reinforce their own professional authority by imbuing generic visuals with particular news values, drawing on 21st century notions of the journalist-audience relationship to justify the use of generic visuals, and routinizing and standardizing their use. Through our analysis of this ubiquitous but overlooked visual form, we advance understanding of what constitutes professionalism within journalism.

L'obiettivo di questo convegno internazionale, organizzato dal Dipartimento di Civiltà e Forme del Sapere dell’Università di Pisa e dal Centre de la Méditerranée Moderne et Contemporaine (CMMC) dell’Université Côte d’Azur, è approfondire la conoscenza delle forme del nuovo sviluppo della stampa a partire dalla fine del XVIII secolo fino alla vigilia della prima guerra mondiale.

El periodismo de espectáculos es cuestionado por el ejercicio periodístico y los intereses de los medios de comunicación: la formación de los periodistas, priorizar en la exposición de la vida privada de los artistas, generando sensacionalismo. También, por factores económicos del medio de comunicación que repercuten en el ejercicio pleno del periodismo.
No existen investigaciones relacionadas al periodismo de espectáculos en sitios web de medios de comunicación impresos en el contexto boliviano. Así, la presente investigación es pionera en este ámbito.
El objetivo principal es: determinar la situación del ejercicio del periodismo de espectáculos en los sitios web de El Deber y Los Tiempos en el año 2022. Los objetivos específicos resumidos son: establecer las características del periodismo de espectáculos desde los periodistas y las notas de espectáculos de la página web; identificar los intereses para hacer periodismo de espectáculos desde los editores o jefes de redacción y el alcance de las publicaciones de espectáculos en Facebook; identificar el perfil profesional del periodista desde los mismos. Se construye un marco teórico y referencial que apoya el análisis de los datos obtenidos a
través de la técnica principal: entrevista, conjuntamente a la revisión documental y observación sistemática.

Journalists struggle to engage with disengaged communities, especially conservative and BIPOC groups. In this research, we suggest that an ethic of care, born from developmental psychology, can be a strategy for trust building. Using a multi-phased, multi-method approach through interviews, surveys, and a focus group, we found that community members believe journalists must be more careful and intentional with cultural and political language relating to ideology, racial identity, and sexual orientation. This study shows that journalists must address harm by contending with negative news experiences, nuancing labels and language associated with their communities, and adopting a combination of five care-based values (drawn from political scientist Joan Tronto): attentiveness, responsibility, competence, responsiveness, and solidarity. The findings from this applied research will be used to create training that improves relationships between newsrooms and their communities, as well as help journalists to become more receptive, flexible, and empathetic to audiences.

Em fins de março de 2007, um prestigiado líder da comunidade judaica de São Paulo protagonizou um episódio surpreendente, ao furtar gravatas de marcas famosas em lojas elegantes de Palm Beach. Preso e solto sob fiança, deu declarações contraditórias sobre o ocorrido, terminando por argumentar que estava sob efeito de fortes remédios, capazes de causar transtornos de comportamento. Ao retornar ao Brasil, recolheu-se a um hospital. Dias depois, ainda internado e sem conseguir "explicar o inexplicável", declarou: "o Henry Sobel que cometeu aquele ato não é o Henry Sobel que vocês conhecem". A maneira pela qual os principais jornais brasileiros destacaram o caso será sempre objeto de debate, mas o que se pretende ressaltar aqui é algo que passou ao largo da cobertura: a diferença de tratamento entre aquele episódio e os casos recorrentes de crimes praticados pelos pobres e marginalizados, especialmente por crianças e adoles-centes. No primeiro caso, procurou-se compreender o comportamento do infrator, considerandose sua trajetória de vida e sua relevância pública como líder religioso, sobretudo pela memória de resistência nos tempos da ditadura; nos demais, ignora-se essa trajetória, que fica reduzida a um boletim de ocorrência, e o ato criminoso assim circunscrito serve de estímulo à radicalização do discurso em torno da segurança pública. Ao apontar o caráter de classe dessa distinção de tratamento, este artigo busca ressaltar as implicações éticas daí decorrentes para a prática do jornalismo, enfocada em sua tensão entre o ideal iluminista de esclarecimento e os interesses das próprias empresas de comunicação. O objetivo principal, porém, é averiguar as dificuldades que o jornalismo necessariamente enfrentará caso pretenda apresentar os fatos criminais em sua complexidade, fugindo da simplificação que caracteriza a lógica binária das rotinas de produção dominantes. Pois uma hipotética -e remota, no caso do jornalismo hegemônico -decisão de reorientar o foco da cobertura implicaria confrontar o senso comum, que o noticiário tantas vezes reitera ao naturalizar o comportamento desviante, sobretudo o crime violento, como algo próprio dos marginalizados, da mesma forma que reproduz a naturalização do apelo contido nas campanhas de lei e ordem: "ordem" tomada em si mesma e não na perspectiva (ética) de sua finalidade, qual seja, a de promover o bem comum. A questão da ética estará, assim, articulada às relações entre jornalismo e senso comum, explorado aqui a partir das abordagens de Lukács e Gramsci, e a estudos referenciais de sociologia do jornalismo e de criminologia crítica. Embora excedam obviamente o sentido deste artigo, os versos de Sá-Carneiro servem de inspiração, ajudando-nos a perceber a necessidade de se cuidar dessa "qualquer coisa de intermédio" reveladora da angustiante complexidade de nossas vidas, e que o jornalismo, como atividade humana, está obrigado a enfrentar.

In November 2011, Jack Womack, a senior vice president at the US-based cable news station CNN, announced that the network would lay off approximately fifty workers, in part because “new technology in desk-top editing and user-generated content and social media have made some editing and photojournalism positions redundant.” Within days of this announcement, CNN re-launched their citizen journalism website iReport.com. The site had been in operation for five years, collecting user-generated content in exchange for the promise to “take part in the news with CNN.” However, many people simply want to share with a small circle of friends or family. Newly-incorporated social networking elements thus emphasize participation within a community, disguising the generation of labour as socialization and play. By associating iReport with this community-driven ethos, CNN is able to guarantee the production of specialized content and capitalize on the immaterial labour of online iReport communities.

La pérdida de la confianza en los medios de comunicación a nivel global desafía la misión del periodismo como garante de la cohesión social y la deliberación pública. En un contexto de creciente interés de la investigación académica sobre este tema, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los predictores de la confianza que tiene la audiencia de Periodismo de Barrio, organización periodística independiente del poder político-estatal cubano. El estudio adopta una metodología cuantitativa, con base en un cuestionario autoadministrado en línea a la audiencia del medio, y aplica una regresión lineal múltiple a los datos obtenidos. Los resultados confirman que la concepción sobre el rol cívico, el comentar públicamente en las plataformas del medio, la satisfacción con el tema político y la percepción sobre la calidad en el contraste de fuentes potencian la confianza, lo que también está influido por el lugar de residencia de las personas. El modelo de análisis integra variables relativas a las características sociodemográficas de la audiencia, los contenidos del medio, y las relaciones de ambos (audiencia
y medio) con el sistema mediático y político del país. Todo ello se enmarca en un medio orientado al análisis crítico, la explicación y la investigación; una audiencia con un alto nivel de instrucción y múltiples lugares de residencia; y un ecosistema mediático fragmentado e ideologizado. Las conclusiones confirman la importancia de pensar la confianza en los medios desde una perspectiva contextual, fluida y multisituada.

Building on research proposing reciprocal journalism as a concept underlying participatory practices and norms in journalism, this study examines how reciprocity might meaningfully be measured in a journalistic context. Using a survey of US journalists, this study adapts measures of reciprocal attitudes and behaviors to journalistic practices. It also develops measures of direct, indirect, and sustained reciprocity as applied to journalism, and explores the relationship between each of these reciprocal forms and one type of participatory behavior: interacting with audiences online. The results indicate that some measurements of positive reciprocity can be meaningfully translated to a journalistic environment and may help to predict forms of audience interaction. For future research, the findings point to the potential for forms of reciprocity to be explored as antecedents for other journalistic norms and practices.

O Código de Ética é um documento que descreve a melhor forma de um profissional executar sua função. Ele é estabelecido a partir da missão, cultura e posicionamento social do profissional para com a sociedade. O seu conteúdo é todo atrelado em princípios universais da ética e da moral. (VÁZQUEZ, 2008). Na área do jornalismo, os veículos de comunicação exercem grande poder sobre a conduta dos profissionais da notícia (FERREIRA, 2007). De acordo com Gomes (2002) a expressão “ética do jornalismo” está inteiramente ligada ao código profissional dessa categoria, objeto de estudo deste artigo. Entretanto, Gomes ressalta que todo código de ética profissional permeia um conjunto de valores sociais, que envolve, além de tudo, a sociedade que recebe os serviços prestados por esses profissionais. O Código de Ética dos Jornalistas (CEJ), de uma forma universal, fala sobre o direito que todo cidadão tem de ser informado sobre os fatos (COLEÇÃO OBJETHOS, 2010). Diz ainda que de forma alguma deve ser vetado ao cidadão o acesso à informação, e enfatiza que os fatos divulgados devem ser precisos, corretos e pautados na veracidade dos acontecimentos, destacando o compromisso do jornalista com a responsabilidade social e que qualquer tipo de censura deve ser denunciado (FENAJ, 2007). A conduta profissional do jornalista é também colocada em pauta pelo CEJ (FENAJ, 2007). Ele diz que as formas como os profissionais da área conduzem seustrabalhos estão subordinadas, impreterivelmente, aos artigos que compõem o CEJ. Este ressalta sobre o compromisso do jornalista com a verdade dos fatos, do sigilo da fonte e de seus direitos e deveres enquanto profissional (COLEÇÃO OBJETHOS, 2010). No que diz respeito à responsabilidade profissional do jornalista, o CEJ garante que o jornalista é responsável por tudo que divulga. Enfatizando, ainda, que toda atividade desse profissional deve ser pautada no estado de inocência como regra e que qualquer informação com teor opinativo deve ser veiculada com responsabilidade. (FENAJ, 2007). Apesar de ser um instrumento que esclarece todas as questões que norteiam a conduta do jornalista, são muitas as ambiguidades nas discussões sobre ética, moral, veracidade, objetividade, privacidade, sensacionalismo, liberdade de imprensa, liberdade de expressão e responsabilidades atribuídas aos jornalistas à luz do Código de Ética, uma vez que, em muitas ocasiões, seu conteúdo diverge da realidade vivida pelo jornalista. Algumas dessas divergências são ocasionadas por fatores sociais, culturais, políticos e econômicos. Por isso, a proposta deste artigo é análise documental dos CEJ do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos, observando como se dá os valores, normas de conduta e orientação profissional em diferentes nações. Com essa análise documental busca-se investigar; como se organiza a cultura jornalística brasileira e estadunidense sobre ostemasrecorrentes a comportamentos éticos implicados ao fazer jornalístico? Quais as semelhanças e diferenças presentes nos CEJ do Brasil e dos EUA? Como as normas profissionais de cada país se comportam frente às questões da liberdade de imprensa e expressão, a veracidade e imparcialidade da notícia, direitos de privacidade e a discussão sobre o sensacionalismo no jornalismo? Para responder tais questões, este artigo elabora uma análise comparada qualitativa dos atuais CEJ dos Brasil e dos Estados Unidos da América, que será detalhada no capítulo de metodologia.

Journalism practitioners rarely apply research to their practice, and often decline to supply their time to support research. These issues indicate a research-practice gap in journalism. Yet efforts to characterize the gap are in their infancy. This study uses 16 semistructured interviews with US journalism practitioners to understand, first, how practitioners characterize the applicability of research to their work; and second, how they describe the nature of and reasons for the research-practice gap in journalism. We applied the framework of institutional logics to understand the conflicts that might contribute to the gap at the intra-organizational and inter-organizational levels. The study found that journalists value the evidence research gives them, but do not see research as essential to their work. Participants identified three types of research-practice gaps corresponding to three stages in the research process: 1) researchers asking the wrong questions, 2) researchers communicating their findings poorly, and 3) institutional barriers keeping research from being applied in the newsroom. Participants' statements point to the instantiation of professional, market, efficiency, and academic logics, which may affect how journalists experience the scholar-practitioner gap. Conflicting logics at the intra-organizational level limit journalists' implementation of research findings while competing logics between organizations relate to the gaps of researchers asking the

A idéia deste artigo é esboçar um quadro mais geral das alterações ocorridas na mídia impressa no Brasil nos últimos anos, sublinhando aspectos internos à profissão do jornalista, e procurando trazer elementos para a compreensão de uma das faces das intrincadas relações que se verificam entre mídia e política. A reflexão esta apoiada em depoimentos de jornalistas sobre o oficio e no acompanhamento da cobertura que a mídia impressa realizou da CPI do Orçamento, instalada em outubro de 1993. * Estas notas foram escritas por ocasião do projeto "Política, mídia e meios de comunicação de massa", Fundação Ford/Cebrap, 1992/1993, coordenado por Teresa Caldeira. Agradeço a Adalberto Moreira Cardoso e a Área de cultura e política do Cebrap pelo apoio. ** Fernanda Peixoto é professora de Antropologia da Unesp/Arar e doutoranda em Antropologia Social na USP.

Investigative journalism in Nigeria faces numerous contextual
issues that influence its effectiveness and the quality of reporting.
These challenges can be categorized into political, economic,
social, and professional dimensions. Investigative journalists
often face intimidation, harassment, and arbitrary arrests by
government authorities. Nigeria's laws, such as the Cybercrime
Act, are sometimes used to suppress critical reporting. Despite
constitutional guarantees, press freedom is often undermined by
restrictive regulations and informal pressures. Investigative
journalists working on issues related to corruption, terrorism, or
organized crime may face direct threats to their safety. The rise of
terrorist groups like Boko Haram in the north and violent
criminal groups like bandits has made certain regions
particularly dangerous for journalists. Attacks on journalists,
kidnappings, and assassinations have become increasingly
common, with little accountability for perpetrators. Journalism in
Nigeria often faces financial constraints, which limit
investigative
reporting.
Media
outlets
are
frequently
underfunded, and journalists may lack the resources to conduct
thorough investigations, travel to relevant locations, or access key
information. Moreover, media owners may have their own
political or economic interests, which may affect editorial
independence and discourage deep investigative work. The paper
also argues that many media organizations are owned by political
elites or business moguls, which can lead to biased reporting and
self-censorship to protect the owners' interests. Similarly,
journalists working online are vulnerable to hacking,
surveillance, and digital harassment.

Este estudo objetiva analisar os processos de mediação jornalística no tratamento do tema da saúde, a partir da forma como um conjunto de jornais brasileiros significam a relação da população com os serviços de saúde, ao reportarem os resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, divulgados em junho de 2015. Tomando-se em conta o caráter público e estatal do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), que orienta a política de saúde brasileira e é pautado pelo preceito constitucional de que saúde é "direito de todos e dever do Estado", e, ao mesmo tempo, considerando-se o contexto neoliberal de valorização do mercado e comodificação de direitos sociais, no qual veio se consolidando o sistema, busca-se compreender de que forma os sentidos do sistema público como direito aparecem nos -ou desaparecem dos -discursos jornalísticos. Tomando-se os veículos jornalísticos como construtores de realidade, sustenta-se aqui o olhar sobre o jornalismo como ator político, regulando formas de fazer e de dizer. Foram analisados os títulos de cinco matérias, com base em conceitos da análise do discurso de Michel Pêcheux, em especial o de pré-construído, compreendendo-se, com Adriano Rodrigues, que o estudo dos títulos da imprensa tem particular importância na compreensão dos mecanismos discursivos.

Este estudo objetiva analisar os processos de mediacao jornalistica no tratamento do tema da saude, a partir da forma como um conjunto de jornais brasileiros significam a relacao da populacao com os servicos de saude, ao reportarem os resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saude, divulgados em junho de 2015. Tomando-se em conta o carater publico e estatal do Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS), que orienta a politica de saude brasileira e e pautado pelo preceito constitucional de que saude e “direito de todos e dever do Estado”, e, ao mesmo tempo, considerando-se o contexto neoliberal de valorizacao do mercado e comodificacao de direitos sociais, no qual veio se consolidando o sistema, busca-se compreender de que forma os sentidos do sistema publico como direito aparecem nos – ou desaparecem dos – discursos jornalisticos. Tomando-se os veiculos jornalisticos como construtores de realidade, sustenta-se aqui o olhar sobre o jornalismo como ator politico, regulando formas de fazer e de dizer. For...

Journalistic ethics becomes an elusive concept in Taiwan's overcrowded and highly competitive media environment, even though its press system has been regarded as one of the freest in Asia. To explore the lived experiences of media professionals in the island nation, in-depth interviews with 20 current and former media professionals were conducted. Study findings indicate that external, internal, and market forces obstruct the ethical practice expected of journalists. This study examines the alienation and powerlessness of individual reporters facing the structural and systemic impediments, and also impediments to Taiwan journalistic standards.

Although Taiwan instituted press freedom in 1987, media professionals in the island nation continue to experience a myriad of internal and external pressures in the overcrowded market. Rather than merely conform to unethical industry expectations, some media professionals have reconstructed the rules by which they operate. The purpose of the present study is to explore how Taiwan media professionals have reshaped their work roles to make sense of their workplace realities. Results generated from 20 in-depth interviews indicate that their realities now include Internet-driven media shifts, changed reporter traits, dramatic licence due to stiff competition, departure from conventional news and reporters coping with mandatory coverage. Study participants have reconstructed the rules of the media environment to contend with the new realities.

Escrutinar o intrincado jogo de relações entre a classe profissional e o mundo acadêmico do jornalismo é a proposta deste artigo, que faz um exercício de reconstrução históricosociológica dos eventos ocorridos no Brasil entre os anos de 1969 e de 2013. Chama-se atenção, por um lado, para as pressões e resistências por parte do empresariado de mídia e até de jornalistas renomados quanto à obrigatoriedade de diploma defendida pelos sindicatos; e, por outro, para as disputas e reivindicações, no interior da comunidade de professores e pesquisadores da área, pela emancipação do ensino de jornalismo em relação ao da comunicação. Esses são alguns dos desafios e paradoxos explorados ao longo da presente análise.

Los procesos de exclusión al interior del campo de la comunicación por razones de género, raza, lengua y, sobre todo, contextos geográficos han sido una constante. Diversos estudios empíricos ratifican la marginal contribución de América Latina de un 1% a la producción central del campo en las revistas de más alta indexación. Este artículo presenta una reflexión p ara c omprender l a l ógica d e l a e xclusión q ue h a propiciado esta marginal participación, a pesar de los aportes valiosos efectuados en el continente. El artículo concluye con una invitación a apostarle a una agenda de investigación plural, amplia e inclusiva.



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The processes of exclusion within the field o f c ommunication o n t he b asis o f gender, race, language and, above all, geographical contexts, has been a constant. Several empirical studies confirm t he marginal c ontribution o f 1 % o f L atin A merica t o the central production of the field in the most highly indexed journals. This article presents a reflection to understand the logic of exclusion that has led to this marginal participation, despite the valuable contributions made in the continent. The article concludes with an invitation to bet on a plural, broad and inclusive research agenda.

This research investigates the working conditions and challenges faced by local journalists in the Swat district of Pakistan amidst periods of violence, focusing on incidents such as military operations and suicide bombings by the Taliban. Through interviews with journalists in the region, the study explores how they navigate the complexities of reporting traumatic events while grappling with physical and emotional strain. Employing Pierre Bourdieu's Field Theory, the research analyzes journalists' strategies for accessing conflict zones safely and ensuring the journalistic principles of objectivity and fairness. Using concepts like Capital, Habitus, and Doxa, the study situates journalists within the volatile social landscape to highlight the interconnectedness of their professional and personal spheres. Despite possessing cultural and social capital, journalists face significant risks to their safety while fulfilling their reporting duties in dangerous environments.

In this article, we use Shoemaker and Reese’s hierarchy of influences (HOI) model as a framework to investigate the ways in which Egyptian journalists perceive the influences exerted on them in the context of the post-Arab Spring transition. Our findings show that perceptions of limitations to journalism practice can extend to all levels in the HOI model and that journalistic autonomy is particularly impeded due to factors at the social system level. This leads to an adaptation of the HOI model as we find that the perceived closure of the public sphere and a complicated network of clientelism at the social system level has impacted journalism practice negatively in Egypt and has a wider influence on the rest of the four levels in the model. In other words, routines, individuals, organizations, and social institutions all seem to mediate the social system’s influence on journalistic behavior.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Russian market economy, focused on the Russian housing market. The evolution of the housing privatization in Russia is described. The results of author\u27s analysis are the following.1.The housing privatization is developed and its share is about 80%.2.The private dynamism has improved the housing quality, particularly since 2000.3.The housing affordability has improved since 1999.4.Russian economic development let the task of housing policy change from the housing supply to the improvement of housing quality.5.The reform of the utility system has started by increasing in utility rate since 2001.6.The Russian municipal authorities should consider the renewal of the real estate value. It will promote the mobility of housing market.7.The correlation between the share of Russian housing investment and the Russian economic development draws the inverse U curve. It shows that Russia has already been the developed economy.8.The appreciation of ...

The usage of social media by journalists might lead to problems with the conflict between their personal and professional identities. Because it can be difficult to distinguish between private and public posts, media companies are developing guidelines to regulate how their employees use social media. The study examines how institutional guidelines for journalists' use of social media can influence their personal use of social media. Through document analysis, the guidelines of both the BBC and Anadolu Agency in Türkiye were examined with the aim of uncovering the expectations of these institutions. Both documents were analyzed using the Python programming language. Furthermore, with the goal to uncover the journalists' perceptions of the guidelines, in-depth interviews were carried out with personnels from BBC and Anadolu Agency. The research showed that the guidelines were designed to safeguard corporate identity and reliability. Moreover, it was noted that the journalists who were interviewed did not view the guidelines as a form of intervention or censorship.

This study proposes the interventionist and the detached orientations to watchdog journalism through the conceptual lens of journalistic role performance. Based on a content analysis of 33,640 news stories from sixty-four media outlets in eighteen countries, we measure and compare both orientations across different countries using three performative aspects of monitoring: intensity of scrutiny, voice of the scrutiny, and source of the event. Our findings show that the interventionist approach of watchdog journalism is more likely to be found in democracies with traditionally partisan and opinion-oriented journalistic cultures or experiencing sociopolitical crises. In turn, the detached orientation predominates in democracies with journalistic traditions associated to objectivity. Although both orientations have a lower presence in transitional democracies, the detached watchdog prevails, while in non-democratic countries the watchdog role is almost absent. Our results also reveal th...

Resumo Este trabalho mostra a experiência de alunos e professores do Centro Universitário do Leste de Minas Gerais (Unileste-MG) na produção do Jornal do Unileste, publicação institucional bimestral da universidade. O artigo ressalta como, durante o ...

The research “Quality of Journalism, Ethics and Ideology: The tension between Journalist Autonomy, Editorial Policy and Public Authority”, carried out in 2021, 2022 and 2023, to investigate the political coverage of the national periodicals Folha de São Paulo and O Globo and Pernambuco Jornal do Commercio and Diario de Pernambuco, highlighted a marked tendency to compromise the significant diversity of versions and sources in news production, a situation considered worrying given the assumption made in the investigation that the quality of journalism is completely linked to the autonomy of the journalist to be able to represent the pluralism of interpretations existing in society. Therefore, in news production, the different ideological discourses of classes, ethnicities, genders and cultural, political and religious orientations are conceived as essential for the formation of a qualified public opinion that, thus, makes it possible to defend the collective interest in the face of the influence of groups who control the State apparatus and large market corporations, contributing to democratic consolidation. In this way, the research confirmed previous investigations that found in the news production of the periodicals studied a large majority of articles with a single source and version, with several sources, but all included in the same version and also with repressed diversity, when more than one version is presented, but privileging and praising one to the detriment of the other or others. In this sense, the results coincide with the recognition that the autonomy of the journalist was not only repressed, at the organizational level, by the editorial policy of the vehicles and, in a diffuse way, by the positivist epistemic ideology of objectivity, according to the classification of Jean Piaget and Rolando Garcia (2011), but also due to external systemic pressures from bureaucracy and the market, which, according to Oliver Boyd-Barrett (2023), function as filters for the propaganda model to achieve the interests of the political and economic system. Also coinciding in the recognition of the precarious performance of news productions in the first three years of this investigation are the results of the research by Adriana Barssotti (2023, p. 83), who blames declaratory journalism for this, considering it “one of the harmful sides of the strategy of objectivity.” Thus, the epistemological/methodological foundation was based on reflections on the quality of journalism by Christofoletti (2018), Rothberg (2020), the theory of journalistic authority by Matt Carlson (2017) and the journalism theories of Edward Herman (2016), Warren Breed (2016), Guy Tuchman (2016), Robert Park (2008), Edward Ross (2008), Hallin and Mancini (2010), Miquel Alsina (2012) and in the framework categories of Mauro Porto (2008). Given the large number of supposedly “factual” articles without sources in which only the journalist's description appears, especially inspired by the mirror theory, a new category of analysis was introduced: Mauro Porto's episodic framing. In interviews with journalists, the majority showed not only recognition of the pressure of the editorial policy of traditional commercial vehicles compromising the autonomy of professionals, but also the awareness that they not only can, but should, negotiate with newspaper managers for greater significant diversity of versions and sources to contribute to greater public enlightenment and social change.
Keywords: Theory of Journalism, Public opinion, Deliberative Democracy.

One of the most used words globally is the concept of development. It has rattled the minds of development stakeholders to get busy at various levels of human engagement. That is to say development is considered to be an indispensable subject of concern with human beings taking the driving seat. A critical factor in development communication is nedia, which set critical agenda for public discourse and help to galvanise the sociery through education, organization, participation and progress. However, media, in pursuit of developmental agenda, are sometimes caught in the web of confusion as they strive to reconcile the dilemma between journalistic ethics and their function as catalysts of development. This quandary has given rise to two paradigmatic assumptions thát explain the expected roles of media in developmental eforts. ThHi s paper argues that development journalists are first of all journalists and are therefore expected to comply and adhere to all the principles ofjournalisticreporting, incuding upholding the ethics and philosophies ofjournalism profession.

Resumo: A partir do conceito de gênero desenvolvido por Bakhtin e dos pressupostos teóricos metodológicos da Análise do Discurso Crítica propostos por Fairclough, com este trabalho pretende-se mostrar, de forma elementar e sucinta a prática da análise do discurso. Objetiva-se contribuir para reflexão sobre a constituição da identidade pessoal por meio de estruturas discursivas no contexto midiático e suas implicações na criação da realidade. Utilizou-se como objeto de análise um corpus que se constitui de uma reportagem-ensaio-publicada na revista Veja, de 14 de novembro, 2007, pelo Jornalista Roberto Pompeu de Toledo. Trata-se de um gênero de divulgação midiática de amplo alcance dos leitores. Este estudo relata acerca da construção de identidade dos atores sociais, no caso, a do Ministro dos transportes aéreos-Nelson Jobim-, que fundem determinadas imagens e ocultam outras. Concluindo, poder não é teórico, está na aplicação. O ensaio sugere que o Ministro tem, de fato, o poder.

Artificial Intelligence is novel technology which concise the world a single unites. AI helps to whole task of human brain and it help us in every sort of our work. In media and communication the most booming industry in the world is also hold the hands of Artificial Intelligence. Social responsibility and dissemination of right information to the right people at the right time is the basic function of media. Emergence of AI in the media sector will overwhelm the journalists and opportunities .It creates more accuracy in reports but it will surely challenge the humanitarian attitude and journalistic ethics. Artificial Intelligence reduces the human effort and provides more clear and concise reports. The writing , vocal and visual synchronizing ability of Artificial Intelligence questioning the human power.

RESUMO: O presente artigo analisa os programas de atendimento ao consumidor "Ronda do Consumidor" e "Patrulha do Consumidor" à luz da ética jornalística e, posteriormente, à luz da própria definição de reportagem. Da análise, extrai-se que tais programas possuem forte tendência ao sensacionalismo, o que explica sua alta audiência, além de violações a princípios éticos como equilíbrio e presunção de inocência. Por fim, levando em conta a estrutura e a dinâmica desses produtos, propõe-se a classificação dos mesmos como "advornalismo", prática que mistura advocacia e jornalismo para obter benefícios conferidos por ambas as áreas, dentro de uma categoria aqui chamada de práticas pseudo jornalísticas, resolvendo, para além disso, a contradição do termo fake news, aqui chamado de pseudo notícia. As conclusões aqui obtidas devem ser contrastadas com análises à luz da ética da advocacia e da ética parlamentar, já que tais programas também utilizam das prerrogativas destas funções para legitimar suas atuações.