Intersexuality

letting me share their stories and thoughts about life, made this thesis possible. I'm tremendously grateful to all of you for taking the time to answer my questions and for all the insights that I have gained from working with your stories -about research, about sex, about bodies and about life. Thank you! Först allt vill jag tacka de kvinnor som, genom att dela med sig av sina historier och tankar om livet, gjorde den här studien möjlig. Jag är enormt tacksam att ni tog er tid att svara på mina frågor och för de insikter som jag fått genom att arbeta med era berättelser -om forskning, om kön, om kroppar, och om livet. Tack! I would also like to take the opportunity to thank all the clinicians, patient representatives and bloggers who helped me get in touch with these women. Two more persons have been particularly crucial in making this study possible. Kristin Zeiler, my main supervisor -your creative, constructive and encouraging comments and questions have inspired me to constantly develop my analysis and writing. You have also helped me see what kind of researcher and colleague I would like to be. Thank you for the constant support that you have provided and for being a source of inspiration. Karin Zetterqvist -Nelson, my cosupervisor -thank you for reminding me to always stay close to the data and to think twice before I find myself caught up in tricky formulations. The majority of my time as a PhD student was spent at the

 There is limited knowledge about facing atypical sex development as a young woman.  The article explores how such women negotiate sexed embodiment.  It shows how they use a "differently normal" and a "normally different" strategy.  Doing so, they focus on bodily features that they do have to construe normalcy.  Finally, it highlights the complex role of diagnosis in such negotiations.

Casos como el de los estados intersexuales, concretamente el hermafroditismo, cuestionan los esquemas y presupuestos sobre los que se ha construido el ordenamiento jurídico, que intenta generalizar situaciones que de suyo, se originan en contextos netamente privados y con características propias, que no logran incluirse dentro de un marco normativo y legal que exprese el reconocimiento de los derechos a los individuos que se encuentran en un estado intersexual. Por tanto, en el análisis jurídico de los casos de pacientes menores de edad con un estado intersexual como el hermafroditismo, se encuentran tensiones entre principios y derechos referidas a la forma en que debe prestarse el consentimiento para la realización de intervenciones hormonales o quirúrgicas en dichos pacientes, teniendo en cuenta aspectos como las libertades individuales de la persona hermafrodita, la necesidad de determinar de forma inmediata al nacimiento la identidad, el sexo y nombre del menor por medio de la formalización del registro civil de nacimiento; y el interés jurídico superior del menor que exige un deber de protección especial por parte de la Familia, la Sociedad y el Estado. Palabras clave: estado intersexual, hermafroditismo, menores, consentimiento informado, instrumentos jurídicos, principio de autonomía, principio de beneficencia.

To describe the health of intersex adults (people with differences of sex development) in the U.S. using community-based research methods. In July-September 2018, we conducted a national health study of intersex adults aged 18 and older in the U.S., using a survey hosted on Qualtrics. The study describes the physical and mental health experiences of intersex adults, including differences by age (18 to 39 vs. 40 and older). Questions were derived from national (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) and intersex-related health studies. A non-probability sample of 198 intersex adults completed the survey over three months. Over 43% of participants rated their physical health as fair/poor and 53% reported fair/poor mental health. Prevalent health diagnoses included depression, anxiety, arthritis, and hypertension, with significant differences by age. Nearly a third reported difficulty with everyday tasks and over half reported serious difficulties with cognitive tasks. To our knowledge, this is the first national study of intersex adults in the U.S. Greater understanding of intersex health over the life course is essential. Findings highlight the need for longitudinal studies and further examination of potential health disparities experienced by intersex populations.

Dealing with questions of gender and sexual identity from a linguistic perspective requires an explicit and detailed examination of identity itself and of the variety of identity concepts. As one can see, some linguists ignore the variety of identities or, at least, the different identity concepts when they approach gender and queer linguistics questions. The current paper aims at providing a general basis for gender and queer linguistic research by offering a detailed and profound introduction to the concept of identity. Different identity concepts will be discussed and it will be shown that the knowledge on identity and identity concepts is essential for dealing with gender and queer linguistic topics. In the end, it will become clear that the prefabricated idea of man and woman as stable and universal categories is neither useful nor justified when one deals with the relation between language and identity.

Between 1870 and 1915, known as the Age of Gonads, medical and scientific authorities agreed that an individual's "true" sex could only be determined by their type of gonadal tissue, regardless of other physical factors. 1 This definition allowed for a strict separation between male and female in an era where distinctions between the sexes were beginning to blur. 2 British and French medical officials believed that every person needed to be clearly categorised as either male or female, because the social order was built on that binary distinction. 3 Hermaphrodites, who did not neatly fit into one category, were forced to be assigned to a single sex to preserve the stability of the system. 4 This rigid binary imposed by nineteenth-century medicine makes it difficult for historians today to identify hermaphrodites without distorting or oversimplifying their lived realities. This essay, using Alice Domurat Dreger's "Doubtful

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The term intersex, used in the medical field until 2006 as a label for bodies with pathologized innate sex characteristics (here 'intersex variations'), had earlier been appropriated by intersex activists, who demedicalized it and claimed it as a positive embodied difference. To this day, intersex activists continue to advocate against unnecessary and harmful medicalization of their bodies. Aware that language use influences how healthcare matters are understood, we here combine two approaches (Multidimensional analysis and Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analysis) to carry out a linguistic analysis of a collection-or corpus-of research articles on intersex variations, tracing how these are represented before and after the 2006 'Chicago consensus' statement, comprising recommendations and revisions of medical practices, patient care, and nomenclature. Ensuring that the corpus matches the register of academic prose, our analysis shows that the post-2006 representation of intersex variations increasingly draws on danger, risk, and anxiety. This risk-related epistemology is imbued with ideological meanings, attaching negative and possibilistic-rather than probabilistic-traits to the notion of risk, in line with the current prevalence of risk management as a risk-reducing remedy in curative medicine. This has problematic implications, in that surgery may be deemed necessary however small the possibility of adverse health consequences, and alleged evidence about risk in health contexts may be instrumentalized to silence critique questioning the need for surgery to alter innate sex characteristics. This study underscores the critical need for close scrutiny of risk discourse in biomedical research, especially in sensitive areas like intersex variations.

This essay studies the dialectics of mass tourism and local identity in Cancún. It carries out a discursive analysis of texts from a variety of disciplines, including Fernando Martí's journalistic account of Cancún's creation; ethnographies of Indigenous communities in Cancún and surrounding areas by M. Bianet Castellanos and Matilde Córdoba Azcárate; and essays and poetry by David Anuar and Marijosé Romero. It identifies a shared critical procedure in these texts' portraits of life in Cancún, in which distinctions are marked between the tourist city, where life revolves around money and pleasure, and the real city, where Cancún's residents construct lives that exceed the tourist city's drive to reduce human existence to economic processes and touristic pleasures. This essay argues that, rather than conceiving local identity in Cancún as a product of such distinctions, it might instead be understood as an open-ended process in which residents repeatedly distinguish between themselves and the tourists, and between their city and the tourist city--but also observe how those distinctions are threatened, eroded, and washed away by the tourist economy. In its final section, it draws on the conceptual framework developed by Pierre Klossowski in Living Currency to outline an approach to local identity that would also account for these moments of indeterminacy.

Argumente, die sich bei der Verteidigung der Leihmutterschaft auf den Anspruch der Gleichberechtigung von Frauen und Männern beziehen, werden kritisch hinterfragt. Dabei geht es um die scheinbare Interessengleichheit von Müttern und Vätern, die durch die Verwendung des Paarbegriffs nahegelegt wird, wie auch um die fiktionale
Trennung von schwangerer Frau und Embryo. Es wird argumentiert, dass die Leihmutterschaft als privatwirtschaftliches Geschäft der Logik der liberalen Marktwirtschaft unterliegt und daher ethisch zumindest an den dort geltenden Standards gemessen werden muss.

El establecimiento de un nuevo sistema de reconocimiento legal de la identidad de género en España a través de la Ley 4/2023, de 28 de febrero, para la igualdad real y efectiva de las personas trans y para la garantía de los derechos de las personas LGTBI, que está basada en la autodeterminación y elimina la necesidad de acreditar el cumplimiento de requisitos médicos o probatorios para que las personas trans puedan cambiar la mención del sexo, ha causado tensiones jurídicas y conflictos de derechos que han llegado al Tribunal Constitucional a través de varios recursos. En este libro se estudian los fundamentos constitucionales de la autodeterminación del género, con un análisis que parte del Derecho Internacional, recorre el marco jurídico comparado y desciende a la evolución normativa de nuestro país, a la par que contrasta la nueva regulación con la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y del Tribunal Constitucional. Así, se evalúa la compatibilidad con la Constitución de las leyes que, tanto en el Estado como en las Comunidades Autónomas, reconocen efectos jurídicos a la libre determinación de la identidad de género de las personas trans.

Die vorliegende ethnographische Studie untersucht Praktiken der Geschlechterdifferenzierung im kindermedizinischen Feld und fokussiert die Verschränkung von Geschlecht und Körper. Praxisanalytisch zeigt die Studie auf, wie sich in einem professionellen Kontext am Kinderkörper eine heterosexuell verengte Zweigeschlechtlichkeit materialisiert. Die Materialanalysen geben einen Einblick in interaktive Prozesse, in denen die Beurteilung kindlicher Entwicklung unmittelbar mit heteronormativen Geschlechter- und Sexualitätsverständnissen verknüpft ist.
Den kindermedizinischen Alltag aus Geschlechterperspektive und im Rahmen eines größeren Forschungskontextes zu erforschen bedeutet, theoriegeleitet und fokussiert vorzugehen. Im Anschluss an die feministische Forschungstradition wurde eine Forschungsperspektive auf die frühe Kindheit eingenommen, die Sozialisation als verkörpertes und verkörperndes „Geschlecht-Werden“ (Tervooren) konzeptualisiert, ohne dabei den Geschlechtskörper zu naturalisieren. Durch diese theoretische und methodologische Ausrichtung lässt sich die Forschungsarbeit an der Schnittstelle von Geschlechter- und Kindheitsforschung als eine erziehungswissenschaftliche Geschlechterstudie verorten.
Anknüpfend an der kindheitssoziologischen Kritik wurde danach gefragt, inwieweit das Bild von normaler bzw. auffälliger Entwicklung in der kindermedizinischen Entwicklungsdiagnostik durch implizite Geschlechternormen und -hierarchien vorstrukturiert ist. Am Beispiel der pädiatrischen Genitaluntersuchungen wurden Genitalorgane als physische Markierungen der Geschlechtszugehörigkeit zum Ausgangspunkt genommen, um den Geschlechtskörper im Anschluss an dekonstruktivistische Perspektiven als Effekt sozialer Praktiken aufzuzeigen.
Das Geschlecht-Werden in der Frühen Kindheit vollzieht sich in informellen Bildungsprozessen, wie sie sich auch in Kinderarztpraxen beobachten lassen. Die praxisanalytische Rekonstruktion pädiatrischer Genitaluntersuchungen gibt einen umfassenden Einblick in die interaktiven Prozesse, wie der kindliche Geschlechtskörper im Kreuzungsbereich von feldspezifischen Diskursen und Expertenwissen sowie praktischen Herausforderungen der Durchführung situativ formiert wird. Zum einen konnte gezeigt werden, wie eine hierarchisch strukturierte Geschlechterdifferenz in Praktiken reproduziert wird und wie diese Akte zur Verankerung körperbezogener Wissensstrukturen beitragen. Zum anderen konnte die Bedeutung anatomischer Merkmale dargelegt werden, die insbesondere durch die unterschiedlichen diagnostischen Zugriffe auf den genitalen Kinderkörper geschlechterdifferenzierend wirken.
Die Erkenntnisse aus den Materialanalysen wurden in einem empirischen Konzept zusammengeführt. Das erarbeitete Konzept der ‚Körpergemeinschaft‘ ist geeignet, den reziproken Prozess zu kennzeichnen, mit dem geschlechtliche und generationale Zugehörigkeiten am Kinderkörper situativ hervorgebracht werden. Mit dem praxisanalytischen Zugang erwiesen sich Zugehörigkeiten als materielle Referenzen des Kinderkörpers.
Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse sind an ein kindheitssoziologisch informiertes, sozialisationstheoretisches Interesse am Geschlecht-Werden anschlussfähig, indem sie die Formierung kindlicher Akteurschaft durch binäre Unterscheidungspraxen am Körper in situ aufzeigen. Die praxisanalytische Perspektive auf den kindlichen Geschlechtskörpers als situatives Konstrukt liefert Impulse für die erziehungswissenschaftliche Frage nach Körpersozialisation. Die diskursiven Praktiken bilden eine Art Transfermittel in der heteronormativen Kopplung von Körper, Geschlechtsidentität und Begehren.
Die Materialanalysen zu Praktiken der Geschlechterdifferenzierung zeigen exemplarisch feldspezifische Antworten auf die sozialisationstheoretische Grundfrage, wie individuelle Entwicklung mit gesellschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen verflochten ist. Die Ergebnisse der Studie geben somit einen Einblick in den Prozess, wie ein medizinisch-entwicklungsdiagnostisch ausgerichteter Präventionsapparat durch geschlechtsdifferenzierende Adressierungen die Körpersozialisation kontextspezifisch vorstrukturiert.

DOI https://doi.org/10.4119/unibi/3000479
URN urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-30004798

La intersexualidad es una condicion que se ha presentado a lo largo del tiempo, la cual ha llevado a la indefinicion de la persona. Es una situacion que afecta la identidad sexual del individuo que la posee. A partir de la cinta argentina XXY (2007), este articulo pretende hacer una revision de la jurisprudencia colombiana en esta materia, con el fin de establecer en la actualidad como es el tratamiento que se da a este grupo de personas y asi, establecer la premisa de si la identidad sexual tambien debe ser considerada como uno de los atributos de la personalidad.

The main objective of this research is to highlight the issues faced by the transgender community in Pakistan and to explore the ways through which they have attempted to challenge the label of “otherization” and overcome their status as marginalized citizens. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the term transgender and examines three different approaches used to define transgender identity. It further traces the historical background of the transgender community in the Indian subcontinent while connecting it with the contemporary situation of transgender rights in Pakistan.

Grivet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops aethiops) are opportunistic omnivores and extremely adaptable in both rural and urban environments. A study was conducted out in human-dominated fragmented moist Afromontane forest of wondo genet to investigate the diurnal activity budgets and feeding habits of grivet monkey. Data collection was carried out from February to September 2022 covering both wet and dry seasons. During each scan, individuals were recorded as performing one of the following activities: feeding, moving (searching for food), resting, grooming, playing and others such as drinking, vocalisation and defecation, or aggression and sexual activity. Dietary composition and preferences were assessed using scan sampling method. Proximate analysis was conducted to examine the nutritional makeup of feeding food items. The greatest proportion of the activity time budget of the grivet monkey was devoted to feeding, resting and moving, with relatively higher time devoted to feeding and moving and less time devoted to resting when compared with grivet monkeys inhabiting natural habitats. Grivet monkey utilised 42 food items grouped into 41 plant species and 1 insect. Psidium guava and Desmodium intortum, relatively with higher crude protein and less fibre, were the most preferred plants consumed. The study has pointed out that grivet monkeys in the human-dominated landscape of Wondo Genet remnant moist afromontane forest tend to prefer to consume on fruit tress such as Persea americana, Mangifera indica and Psidium guava, which contain high nutritional content that are planted and managed around homesteads. It is recommended to plant and sustainably manage grivet monkeys' natural foods in human-dominated landscape of Wondo Genet remnant moist afromontane forest to sustainably conserve the species and avoid/reduce human-grivet monkey conflict.

Dal 1° settembre 2025, la World Athletics ovvero la Federazione internazionale dell’atletica, renderà obbligatorio effettuare un test genetico (il test SRY) per tutti gli atleti che intendono competere nella categoria femminile nelle competizioni di ranking mondiale. Questo test verrà effettuato tramite un tampone buccale sotto la supervisione delle federazioni affiliate.
L’introduzione del test è giustificata dal fatto che le atlete nate maschi (con cromosomi XY e con il gene SRY) e che hanno superato la pubertà maschile hanno generalmente vantaggi rispetto a quelle nate femmine (con cromosomi XX e senza gene SRY). Inoltre, le donne con livelli circolanti di testosterone più elevati possono anche avere vantaggi in alcuni sport.. Pertanto, secondo la World Athletics, il test SRY è un affidabile indicatore per stabilire il sesso biologico.

Ma è davvero così? Femmina e maschio sono due poli di uno spettro più ampio di possibilità biologiche della sessualità. Le differenze morfologiche e comportamentali tra l’uomo e la donna rappresentano l’esempio più evidente di diversità fenotipica tra gli individui, ma in realtà quasi nessuna di queste differenze permette di distinguere biologicamente un uomo da una donna. Il confine tra i caratteri sessuali è sfumato, è complicato stabilire quali siano caratteri primari e quali secondari o terziari, e spesso caratteri considerati maschili o caratteri considerati femminili sono presenti nello stesso individuo in gradi e numeri diversi.

The High Court in Eldoret, Kenya, on August 16, 2025, ruled to recognize transgender individuals as a third gender, ordering amendments to the Intersex Persons Bill, 2024, and proposing a Transgender Protection Rights Act. This article critiques the ruling, arguing that its reliance on subjective self-perception undermines Kenya’s binary gender system, which assigns roles based on biological sex for societal utility. Key objections include the risk of manipulation due to unverifiable claims, disruption of social cohesion, inflation of subjective gender categories, politicized leverage from advocacy groups, and potential backlash in Kenya’s conservative society. The ruling is framed as part of a Western liberal agenda embedded in the 2010 Constitution, with Kenya’s civil society, academia and intelligentsia complicit due to self-interest. The article proposes policies—rigorous verification, equitable duty assignment, independent oversight, public education, legal clarity, and category limits—to minimize manipulation while preserving gender’s societal function. It concludes by urging Kenya to resist foreign impositions and prioritize war of position and war of maneuver for self-reliance.

The High Court in Eldoret, Kenya, on August 16, 2025, ruled to recognize transgender individuals as a third gender, ordering amendments to the Intersex Persons Bill, 2024, and proposing a Transgender Protection Rights Act. This article critiques the ruling, arguing that its reliance on subjective self-perception undermines Kenya’s binary gender system, which assigns roles based on biological sex for societal utility. Key objections include the risk of manipulation due to unverifiable claims, disruption of social cohesion, inflation of subjective gender categories, politicized leverage from advocacy groups, and potential backlash in Kenya’s conservative society. The ruling is framed as part of a Western liberal agenda embedded in Kenya's 2010 Constitution, with country’s academia, civil society and intelligentsia complicit due to self-interest. The article proposes policies—rigorous verification, equitable duty assignment, independent oversight, public education, legal clarity, and category limits—to minimize manipulation while preserving gender’s societal function. It concludes by urging Kenya to resist foreign impositions and prioritize reclaim of intelligentsia to wage a war of position and maneuver for self-reliance.

Investigación en artes visuales que busca visibilizar las prácticas fotográficas realizadas por minorías y grupos que se encuentran al margen de la producción artística profesional. Para ello, propone un análisis genealógico de las prácticas colectivas y de las experiencias locales que utilizan el medio fotográfico para movilizar reflexiones sobre la identidad. En el tomo II presentamos una profundización teórica sobre los conceptos de identidad, transfotografía, genealogía, estética, y subalternidad, y exponemos cómo estos se conectan y dialogan con las prácticas documentadas y la perspectiva metodológica de los laboratorios de investigación-creación. A partir de los conceptos desarrollados presentamos una visión de las prácticas y los discursos fotográficos situados en escenarios subalternizados en nuestro contexto, con el objetivo de generar aperturas críticas y reflexivas sobre lo que hemos denominado identidad y transfotografía en Colombia.

There are many transgender Autobiographies which talks about their life. They expressed through writing. A. Revathi's literary pieces namely, The Truth About Me: A Hijra Life Story (2010) she not only written but performed to express her inner turmoil. The purpose of this study is to attempt to evaluate semiotic transformation in A. Revathi's kannada translated autobiography "Baduku Bayalu," from text to theatre performance. Semiotic means "meaning-making activity," The study of signs and symbols as a crucial component of communication is explored in the semiotic act. Here, A.Revathi acted out her own life after seeing a performance of it on stage. The idea and choice to portray her life on stage represents a significant semantic change. Her theatrical performance left a lasting impression on the audience. A. Revathi discussed this in her interview prior to the performance, mentioning how people's perceptions of her changed as a result. She thought it was the most effective medium to use.

Il sistema giudiziario brasiliano ha conosciuto negli ultimi anni cambiamenti significativi in relazione alla prospettiva di genere. Tali trasformazioni sono il risultato del dialogo tra iniziative normative promosse dall'organo di governo della magistratura, una giurisprudenza costituzionale innovativa e un'intensa attività di advocacy sociale. La convergenza di questi

sex characteristics which are different to traditional expectations of development, affecting chromosomes, genetics, hormones, secondary sex characteristics, reproductive organs/gonads, or genitals. We have chosen to use variations in sex characteristics as an umbrella term to include people with a range of experiences as this term is becoming widely used and has been adopted in UK government documentation. We understand how complex language can be, and respect everyone's right to use the terminology they are happy with, for example some may prefer the name of their diagnosis or variation.

p ů V o d n í p r á c e Vplyv lockdownu a online výučby počas pandémie covidu-19 na duševné zdravie slovenských adolescentov Impact of lockdown and online learning during COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of Slovak adolescents Juraj Jurík, Jana trebatická, Zuzana matzová, františek Böhmer klinika detskej psychiatrie lekárskej fakulty univerzity komenského a národného ústavu detských chorôb, Bratislava sÚhrn Jurík J, trebatická J, matzová Z, Böhmer f. Vplyv lockdownu a online výučby počas pandémie covidu-19 na duševné zdravie slovenských adolescentov Úvod: V marci 2020 bola vyhlásená celosvetová pandémia infekčného ochorenia covid-19 a v rámci snahy obmedzenia šírenia tohto vírusu došlo k zatvoreniu škôl a k prechodu na online výučbu. táto štúdia mala za cieľ zistiť vplyv ochorenia covid-19 a s ním spojených opatrení na duševné zdravie detí a adolescentov na slovensku. metodika: na klinike detskej psychiatrie lF uk a nÚdcH sme zostavili sebaposudzovací dotazník na hodnotenie online výučby, denného režimu a duševného zdravia detí a adolescentov v období lockdownu, zahŕňajúc otázky na porovnanie s obdobím pred lockdownom. Zber dát prebiehal od 1. 6. 2021 do 30. 6. 2021. Výsledky: V kategórii adolescentov (13-18 rokov) bolo v štúdii zahrnutých 1825 respondentov. V porovnaní s obdobím pred lockdownom sme v období lockdownu zaznamenali pokles nálady, pociťovanej energie, možnosti vykonávať aktivity a nárast pociťovanej tenzie (všetky p = < 0,001). prítomnosť samotného ochorenia covid-19 nemala vplyv na skúmané parametre duševného zdravia adolescentov (p = > 0,05). Výrazná zmena v dennom režime -nutnosť online výučby -mala v závislosti od spokojnosti respondentov s touto zmenou významný vplyv na skúmané parametre duševného zdravia. Záver: respondenti v tejto štúdii pociťovali v období lockdownu zhoršenú náladu, znížené množstvo energie, zníženú celkovú psychickú pohodu a zvýšenú tenziu. samotné ochorenie covid-19 nemalo významný vplyv na skúmané parametre duševného zdravia respondentov, kým online výučba v závislosti od spokojnosti respondentov s touto formou výučby mala signifikantný vplyv na skúmané parametre duševného zdravia. kľúčové slová: covid-19, pandémia, lockdown, duševné zdravie, deti, adolescenti, online výučba, dištančné vzdelávanie, nálada summary Jurík J, trebatická J, matzová Z, Böhmer f. impact of lockdown and online learning during coVid-19 pandemic on mental health of slovak adolescents introduction: a global pandemic of the infectious disease coVid-19 was declared in March 2020, and in an effort to curb the spread of the virus, schools have been closed and switched to online

The LGBTQ+ community is experimenting with various forms of expression to come out of the closet, including autobiography, which enables them to voice out their thoughts, real-life experiences, rebuttals, and counter-tactics. The paper attempts to read Laxmi Narayan Tripathi's Red Lipstick: The Men in My Life (2016). The genre of autobiography provides a space for the 'self' to thrive, however, Red Lipstick is more than a narrative about 'only' her(self). Laxmi talks about the conflicts and the politics in which a gendered 'other' is trapped. The book is equally concerned with the internal politics of the queer community and the greater society. She focuses largely on India's 'hijra' group, exposing the obstacles and struggles it endures. The paper discusses the instances in Red Lipstick where the issues and challenges faced by the queer community are represented by Tripathi.

There are countless examples of men defying stereotypes on the red carpet and in magazines, from Harry Styles's appearance as the boy with the pearl earring at the 2019 Met Gala to Pharrell Williams's Moncler gown by Valentino on the cover of GQ. In view of these trends, can we assume that men have conquered their pressure to appear as "real men" and are free to behave as they want? Our research tackles this question. How do cisgender men—that is, men who are assigned as male at birth and continue to identify as such—feel when they behave in ways that disregard stereotypes about gender?

The article focuses on the limited exportability of present-day Czech films through a case study of an original and internationally ambitious film We Have Never Been Modern that, nevertheless, has not succeeded on international markets and in the festival circuit. The analysis attempts to identify some reasons behind the film's modest performance despite its original topic. The problems singled out by the analysis are related both to the plot of the film (revolving around intersex characters) and to the way the film was targeted at different target groups and communicated.

Intersex individuals-those whose physical sex characteristics do not align with conventional male or female categories-encounter considerable challenges within healthcare systems, which often medicalize their bodies through invasive treatments aimed at "normalizing" their traits. This narrative review synthesizes key contributions from medical sociology, medical anthropology, and gender studies to examine the social processes that define, regulate, and often marginalize intersex identities in clinical contexts. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as medicalization, biopower, stigma theory, intersectionality, and structural violence, the paper situates intersex healthcare within broader systems of normativity and control. It critiques the historical and contemporary role of healthcare institutions in reinforcing binary understandings of sex and gender, often at the cost of individual autonomy and psychosocial well-being. Comparative analyses with transgender healthcare reveal both shared and divergent mechanisms of institutional gatekeeping, underscoring the need for a justice-oriented, intersectional approach to care. This work ultimately advocates for systemic change in both healthcare delivery and policy, informed by sociological insight and intersex-led activism, emphasizing dignity, self-determination, and epistemic inclusion.

Throughout the world history, the discourse of transgender is not a new one. Still the mankind relegating the transgender people to the level of 'It'. 'Transgenders' is the term which is not socio-culturally infused but a biological/natural disorder. But marginalizing them on socio-cultural grounds is equal to denying survival rights. The natural anomaly of humans has been mistreated and continuously excluded from society. This paper deals with the voices of the marginalized in A. Revathi's The Truth About Me: A Hijra Life Story-an autobiography of a trans-woman from Tamilnadu. It scrutinize the marginalization of the transgenders and how the family and society pushes one sector of people to the edge that is desperate to lead a normal life, thus they further cannot come forward to participate in the

Galassi, C., Ituarte, M., Mainetti, M. M., Echeverría, J. (2024). Opinión y nivel de información sobre la Ley Nacional de Identidad de Género y la autonomía progresiva, en adolescentes escolarizados. Una mirada desde la Bioética. Revista Colombiana de Bioética, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.18270/rcb.v19i1.4143

From the archives of Theory and Criticism of Literature and Arts:
Vol. 5, No. 2 (November 2021)
Special Issue: Updating Herstory
ISSN (digital): 2297-1874
ISSN (print): 2504-2238
Published by RECEPTIO Academic Press Ltd, London
This special issue focuses on female artists, writers, and cultural figures whose contributions have often been marginalized in traditional historiography. Scholars from diverse backgrounds present new archival research, critical studies, and rediscovered works, contributing to a more inclusive narrative of cultural history.
📝 Contents include:
Foreword
Carla Rossi, p. 6
Carla Rossi
La Biblioteca Femminile Italiana e l’edizione dei sonetti ritrovati di Giovanna Grisalda Bianchelli e Adriana Polissena
pp. 7–17
Carla Rossi
Nuove informazioni d’archivio su copiste e miniatrici del monastero del Paradiso di Firenze
pp. 18–26
Janis Taurens
Asja Lācis: a Room of One’s Own and Trajectories of Nonbelonging
pp. 27–45
Anja Degner
Im Schatten von Käthe Kollwitz. Die Künstlerinnen Sella Hasse und Elisabeth Voigt
pp. 46–74
Marina Giorgini
Růžena Zátková. Un’esperienza di ricerca
pp. 75–97
Gloria Jane Bell
Expanding Herstory: Imaging and Imagining Edmonia Lewis’ Roman Ateliers
pp. 98–118
Andrew Pritchard
A short note on the alleged death certificate of Plautilla Bricci
pp. 119–120
Carla Rossi
The date of the meeting between Antoon Van Dyck and Sofonisba Anguissola in Palermo
pp. 121–126
Maurizio Rebaudengo
“Ma era così per tutti”. L’assenza femminile nelle decisioni editoriali della casa editrice Einaudi negli anni ’60
pp. 127–144
Mirjam Deckers
A Study in Sketches. Gunta Stölzl’s Early Years in Munich (1914-1919)
pp. 145–168

From the archives of Theory and Criticism of Literature and Arts:
Vol. 8, No. 1 (2024)
ISSN (digital): 2297-1874
ISSN (print): 2504-2238
Published by RECEPTIO Academic Press Ltd, London
This issue contributes to the scholarly discussion on gender fluidity, female figures, and representations of femininity and androgyny in medieval literature, with a particular focus on Dante’s Commedia. The articles explore diverse topics from medieval heroines to gender symbolism in poetic and theological contexts.
📝 Contents include:
Editoriale
Carla Rossi and Mirco Cittadini
pp. 8–10
Paolo Spaggiari
Nell’ambito del progetto “Fluidità di genere nel Medioevo” – Mulieres fortes: il caso di Yde et Olive
pp. 12–24
Gianni Vacchelli
Maria e Beatrice: due mulieres fortes?
pp. 25–51
Mirco Cittadini
Poeti mamme e poeti regine: esempi di femminilizzazione dionisiaca nella Commedia
pp. 52–81
Carla Rossi
San Giovanni androgino: la Johannesminne e la “vergine lieta” di Paradiso XXV, 104
pp. 82–107
Raffaele Pinto
La “parte che ‘l tacere è bello”: la vulva in Dante
pp. 108–132

Although national Human Rights Commissions (NHRCs) are institutional mechanisms suitable for advancing the domestic implementation of socioeconomic rights, traditional approaches to the advancement of these rights have more readily focused on the role of courts. This process has witnessed the prioritisation of the justiciability of these rights above other non- and quasi-judicial means for their realisation. As a result, contemporary scholarship has barely noticed the role and practical efforts of NHRCs in this regard. To fill this gap, this article evaluates the mandate, activities, and effectiveness of NHRCs in three selected Commonwealth African countries - Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda - and identifies four factors which either impair or enhance their effective performance of this role: the explicit provision of socio-economic rights as justiciable guarantees in the constitutional framework of states; the granting of an explicit legal or constitutional mandate on socio-econom...

La Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos (1948) proclama que todos los seres humanos nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos. No obstante, para ciertas personas, alcanzar ese ideal ha implicado recorrer caminos marcados por la exclusión y la disputa. Este libro se adentra en el modo en que la comunidad LGBTIQ+ debió constituirse como sujeto en el ámbito de los derechos humanos, así como en las diversas respuestas que tanto el sistema internacional como los sistemas regionales de protección han brindado a sus reclamos.
A través del análisis de más de 140 sentencias —con especial atención a la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos—, esta obra examina fallos relevantes en materia de orientación sexual e identidad de género. Entre los temas abordados se incluyen los alcances del principio de igualdad y no discriminación, el reconocimiento del derecho a la autodeterminación de género y los estándares aplicables a la investigación efectiva en casos de violencia motivada por prejuicio, entre otros.
Este libro constituye una herramienta fundamental tanto para quienes buscan profundizar en el estudio de los derechos de las personas con sexualidades e identidades de género no normativas, como para quienes desean comprender los procesos mediante los cuales se configura un sujeto de derechos humanos y los alcances del reconocimiento jurídico internacional bajo ese paradigma.

Maid to Queer addresses a highly visible but largely ignored issue in Hong Kong: the queer intimacy and desires of Indonesian domestic workers. For anyone who has lived in Hong Kong, the presence of domestic workers is unmistakable, particularly on Sundays in public spaces, a "tradition" conditioned by their low wage and confined living situation at employees' homes, which they are legally bound to live in. Their Sunday presence is also distinctly gendered, comprising a feminized homosocial group of women, many of whom appear in pairs. These pairs often reflect a dynamic of same-sex relationships, with one partner embodying a more masculine identity (referred to as tomboi) and the other a more feminized counterpart (cewek). Although the majority of domestic workers in Hong Kong are from the Philippines, a growing and almost equally sufficient number come from Indonesia. The author, Francisca Lai-a queer, Hong Kong-raised anthropologist-astutely highlights that much of the existing research on labor migration is framed through the concept of the "chain of care" (Martin F. Manalansan IV, "Queering the Chain of Care Paradigm," The Barnard Center for Research on Women 6 (3): 2008, cited in Lai, 10). This framework examines how reproductive labor is outsourced along a chain from more developed to less developed regions, sustaining heteronormative global capitalism. The key contribution of Lai's book lies in its introduction of a queer perspective to labor migration studies, shifting the focus to the queer intimacy and sexuality of these workers-a vital yet underexplored dimension. There are numerous tensions and dynamics surrounding this group of migrant laborers, shaped by the intersectionality of race, class, gender, sexuality, geography, and religion. In Indonesia, the spread of Islamic conservatism in the 2000s, following the presidency of Muslim leader Abdurrahman Wahid, created a complex duality. On the one hand, women from low status were celebrated as heroines for sending back substantial remittances, vital both for their families and the state. On the other hand, these same women faced increasing regulation of their gender and sexuality, alongside growing hostility toward LGBT individuals. Much of this body policing is carried out under the rhetoric of religion and family,

Publicación experimental que se edita con motivo de la exposición colectiva 'Archivo Queer de Artistas Visuales. València, 1975-2024' en Rambleta (València). La publicación trata de dar visibilidad y contextualizar la obra y carrera de creador+s que han dedicado su producción a abordar cuestiones sexogénericas en la ciudad de València.

Dieser Aufsatz behandelt die psychischen und körperlichen Folgen der Diskriminierung von LGBT*-Personen: LGBT*-Minoritätenstress und internalisierte LGBT*-Negativität.

Veröffentlicht in: Brinkschröder, M. / Ehebrecht-Zumsande, J. / Gräwe, V. / Mönkebüscher, B. / Werner, G.: Out in Church. Für eine Kirche ohne Angst, Freiburg i.Br.: Herder, 2022, 158-164.

La práctica deportiva no es solo un espacio de competición, sino un territorio de construcción de subjetividades, identidades y relaciones de poder. El fútbol y el fútbol sala femenino, en particular, han sido ámbitos donde las tensiones entre género, cuerpo, normativa y poder emergen de manera especialmente visible.
La reciente aprobación de la Ley 4/2023, de 28 de febrero, para la igualdad real y efectiva de las personas trans y para la garantía de los derechos de las personas LGTBI en España (en adelante, ley trans), plantea nuevas dinámicas y desafíos dentro del deporte femenino. Esta legislación, que pretende abrir espacios de reconocimiento y participación para las personas trans, se enfrenta, sin embargo, a resistencias, tensiones y negociaciones internas en los propios entornos deportivos.
Desde esta perspectiva, el presente Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) aborda una etnografía intensiva en torno a las nuevas subjetividades en el fútbol y fútbol sala femenino en el País Vasco, explorando cómo se vive, negocia o resiste la heteronormatividad y el patriarcado en el campo deportivo, especialmente a partir de la entrada en vigor de la nueva legislación.