Innovation Economy

У статті розглянуто актуальні проблеми розвитку науково-технічного сектору України у сучасних економічних умовах. Метою статті є визначення необхідного обсягу фінансування науки в Україні для виходу її з кризового стану. Основну увагу зосереджено на фінансових факторах підняття престижності праці науковців. Доведено, що забезпечення зростання фінансування з рівномірним розподіленням коштів серед усіх науковців шляхом забезпечення відповідного рівня заробітних плат на рівні 1,5 від мінімальної потребує збільшення фінансування науки всього до 0,7% від ВВП, що в 2 рази нижче за законодавчо закріплений рівень 1,7% ВВП. Показано, що фінансування науки на рівні законодавчо закріпленої норми дозволить збільшити рівень життя науковців і підвищити престижність у 3 рази за параметром середньої заробітної плати в Україні, що забезпечить поповнення наукових кадрів талановитою молоддю, створить умови для повернення видатних учених в Україну, дозволить зберегти і почати розвивати науково-технічний потенціал України, який має стати основною для подолання кризових явищ сьогодення, відновлення економіки у повоєнний час і забезпечення її стратегічного розвитку у майбутньому. Ключові слова: науково-технічна діяльність, стратегічний розвиток, фінансування НДДКР.

На основі здійсненого аналізу впровадження науково-технічних розробок у діяльність підприємств у контексті посилення економічної безпеки визначені тенденції використання безпекових, трудових, фінансових ресурсів, виокремлені основні витрати на дослідження і розробки за їх видами, визначені джерела фінансування інноваційної діяльності підприємств. Зазначено важливість підвищення ролі держави та інвесторів у забезпеченні підтримки інноваційної діяльності підприємств у різних сферах, зокрема у сфері технологічного менеджменту як сучасного підходу до управління. У статті розглянуто категорії працівників, а також проведене оцінювання кількості докторів філософії та докторів наук, задіяних у виконанні наукових досліджень і розробок. Особлива увага зосереджена на оцінюванні витрат на виконання наукових досліджень і розробок, оскільки саме від рівня витрат залежить ефективність функціонування підприємства та його конкурентоспроможність, безпекозахищеність, найвищі показники витрат мають науково-технічні (експериментальні) розробки. Невід'ємною складовою в процесі розроблення наукових досліджень є інновації, оскільки це єдиний актив, що створює потенціал для успішного, енергозберігального та ефективного виробництва. Проведене дослідження витрат за напрямами інноваційної діяльності показало, що найбільшу частку займають витрати на придбання машин і програмного забезпечення. Досліджено джерела фінансування інноваційної діяльності підприємств, оскільки фінансування інноваційної діяльності є однією з найважливіших умов інноваційної активності. Ключові слова: технологізація, економічна безпека, інноваційна діяльність, науково-технічні розробки, витрати наукових досліджень, джерела фінансування, технологічний менеджмент. Based on the analysis of the implementation of scientific and technical developments in the activities of enterprises in the context of strengthening economic security, the trends in the use of safety, labor, and financial resources were determined, the main costs of research and development were identified by their types, and the sources of financing innovative activities of enterprises were determined. The importance of increasing the role of the state and investors in providing support for the creative activities of enterprises in various fields, particularly in technological management as a modern approach to management, is noted. The article considers the categories of employees and estimates the number of doctors of philosophy and doctors of science involved in scientific research and development. Special attention is focused on estimating costs for scientific research and development. Since the efficiency of the enterprise's functioning and its competitiveness, safety, and security depend on the level of fees, scientific and technical (experimental) developments have the highest cost indicators. Innovation is an integral component in developing scientific research, as it is the only asset that creates the potential for successful, energy-saving, and efficient production. The study of costs by areas of innovative activity showed that prices for purchasing machines and software occupy the largest share of the expenses by areas of innovative activity. The sources of financing creative activity of enterprises were studied since funding innovative activity is one of the necessary conditions for innovative training.

На основі здійсненого аналізу впровадження науково-технічних розробок у діяльність підприємств у контексті посилення економічної безпеки визначені тенденції використання безпекових, трудових, фінансових ресурсів, виокремлені основні витрати на дослідження і розробки за їх видами, визначені джерела фінансування інноваційної діяльності підприємств. Зазначено важливість підвищення ролі держави та інвесторів у забезпеченні підтримки інноваційної діяльності підприємств у різних сферах, зокрема у сфері технологічного менеджменту як сучасного підходу до управління. У статті розглянуто категорії працівників, а також проведене оцінювання кількості докторів філософії та докторів наук, задіяних у виконанні наукових досліджень і розробок. Особлива увага зосереджена на оцінюванні витрат на виконання наукових досліджень і розробок, оскільки саме від рівня витрат залежить ефективність функціонування підприємства та його конкурентоспроможність, безпекозахищеність, найвищі показники витрат мають науково-технічні (експериментальні) розробки. Невід'ємною складовою в процесі розроблення наукових досліджень є інновації, оскільки це єдиний актив, що створює потенціал для успішного, енергозберігального та ефективного виробництва. Проведене дослідження витрат за напрямами інноваційної діяльності показало, що найбільшу частку займають витрати на придбання машин і програмного забезпечення. Досліджено джерела фінансування інноваційної діяльності підприємств, оскільки фінансування інноваційної діяльності є однією з найважливіших умов інноваційної активності.

P ara muitos analistas do desenvolvimento agropecuário, existe apenas um caminho para os agricultores permanecerem na atividade agropecuária em tempos de mercados globalizados, e tal caminho passa pela competitividade, pela eficiência, pela profissionalização, por maiores escalas de produção. Por detrás desses requisitos, escondem-se velhos argumentos dos defensores das teorias da modernização, ou seja: tudo continua passando pela receita do produtivismo a qualquer preço. O agricultor moderno e eficiente é aquele que consome maior quantidade de insumos industriais e que obtém os maiores rendimentos físicos de suas culturas e criações, pouco importando o impacto ambiental e sócio-econômico de tais práticas e se elas efetivamente contribuem para melhorar o nível de renda dos agricultores.

I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public.

This study takes into account the level of involvement of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the Philippines, particularly those located in the National Capital Region on academe-industry partnership. Specifically, it identified the nature of Academe-Industry Partnership (AIP) of HEIs, the areas and extent of partnership, the factors which influence the partnership, the mechanism of partnership and the extent of benefits gained in the academe-industry partnership. Equally, the study covered the problems encountered by HEIs on their academe-industry partnership engagement.

Sustainability is widely expected to become a major driver of innovation activities. Many companies adopt sustainability oriented innovation strategies and innovation policy on the national and EU level is increasingly targeting sustainability as “Grand Challenge”. With respect to the environmental dimension of sustainability, the notion of “eco-innovation” that is directed at products, services and processes reducing harmful impact of production and consumption on the environment is becoming highly prominent in research, policy and industry. The paper rests on the findings of an international foresight project which investigates new forms of innovation such as open innovation and social innovation and their economic, social and environmental impacts. Based on these findings we show that we do not only need green products and services but rather “transformative innovation” towards systemic change in production and consumption patterns in order to achieve the step-change in reduction...

This booklet was made from the chapter: "Envisioning as an enabling tool for social empowerment and sustainable democracy" writtten by François Jégou and Christophe Gouache, Strategic Design Scenarios and published in:"Responsible living: concepts, education and future" edited by Victoria W.

Постановка проблеми. Інноваційний розвиток підприємства є однією з важливих умов для розвитку країни та її конкурентоспроможності на міжнародних ринках. Оскільки на сучасному етапі розвитку вітчизняні промислові підприємства не відповідають міжнародним стандартам, то їх трансформація на основі впровадження інноваційного складника є досить важливим аспектом. Ці заходи дозволять підвищити інноваційну актив-ність та конкурентоспроможність в умовах глобалізації економіки. Аналіз останніх досліджень та публікацій. Аналіз інноваційної діяльності підприємств наведено у роботах вітчизняних учених: П.М. Григорук [1], С. Казмірчук [3], Н.О. Пухальська [4], С.Ю. Соколюк [5]. Однак аналізу стану та особливостям діяльності інноваційним підприємствам Причорноморського регіону України

O novo contexto econômico, delineado com a abertura de mercado e a estabilização da economia, trouxe uma série de desafios para a cadeia agroalimentar do leite, o que vêm pressionando seus elos a passar por um processo de ajustamento, a fim de superar seus principais problemas, de natureza estrutural ou de base tecnológica. Neste sentido, o presente estudo objetivou traçar um panorama da competitividade do complexo lácteo gaúcho, enfocando sua estrutura, estratégias e os processos de interação e indução, presentes nos elos da produção pecuária, na industrialização e distribuição em face das mudanças no ambiente econômico. Buscou-se também avaliar as expectativas dos agentes quanto às evoluções e perspectivas para a cadeia. Para tanto o estudo baseou-se em fonte de dados secundários e entrevistas semi-estruturas com representantes de cada elo pesquisado. Observou-se que o elo da produção pecuária se apresentou como o mais frágil da cadeia, necessitando buscar maior produtividade e escala, melhor qualidade e reduzir a variação sazonal na produção. Nos demais elos há a necessidade de se ampliar vantagens competitivas atuais, observando os movimentos competitivos mundiais e as mudanças nas preferências dos consumidores.

Measuring academic excellence is necessary and in many ways useful, as universities is the factory for any future development in a world that is looking for a major stability after the huge development in the technology. Academic institutions more than ever now must always confirm to academic excellence which addresses "what they are good for". However, more and more challenges and need for differentiation in all academic services for "what each university is good at". Therefore, the review of the innovative academic focused book by Goddard and Vallance (2016) gain great importance for us and for all those looking for a legacy from their work in the different academic institutions they belong to. The reviewers would try to see the most important differentiation of this work and how it would impact one of the most important institutions in the future.

O artigo investiga mudanças organizacionais e de normas técnicas na cadeia produtiva leiteira de São Francisco do Brejão, Maranhão, que afetam os pequenos produtores, especialmente pela concentração do beneficiamento para contemplar certificação sanitária e pelo aumento do custo relativo de produção, alavancando o avanço dos maiores grupos em detrimento dos pequenos produtores. A pesquisa utiliza indicadores do agronegócio e, para investigar a situação concreta dos produtores, se vale de diário de campo no qual foram registrados diálogos e interpelações. Conclui que a permanência dos pequenos produtores exige atuação coordenada e interação com instituições de ensino e pesquisa, objetivando aquisição dos requisitos necessários à certificação sanitária e a implementação de políticas de fomento econômico solidárias e referenciadas pelo ideário cooperativista.

The Innovation Futures (INFU) project deals with the emergence of new innovation patterns, such as open innovation, user innovation, community innovation, social innovation and design innovation. Based on a foresight exercise, the project examines different patterns of how innovation is organised and studies implications for business and policy making. For the first time, a foresight project is conducted for analysing and discussing systematically the emergence and diffusion of new innovation patterns and their implications for European policy.

The paper aims to contribute towards building foresight capacities for systemic and structural transformations. Experiences from a foresight project exploring future innovation patterns (www.innovation-futures.org) are discussed. Four specific features were applied in order to underpin the recognition of structural transformation: • Inductive foresight approach with an emphasis on capturing indications for extra-systemic change at a micro level instead of extrapolating seemingly dominant macro-trends. • Visual inspiration, to mobilise tacit knowledge, support a creative spirit and an easy exchange of ideas among people with different disciplinary backgrounds. • Rigorous assessment of coverage of dimensions of change, to foster the explicit consideration of possibly unrecognised/hidden structural changes • Extended openness for diversity, to avoid the exclusive interpretation of weak signals only in the context of the existing structures. The findings of the project indicate interesting changes in the nexus of innovation demand and innovation supply. A wide variety of hybrid value creation models with novel configurations of innovation actors emerged. We explain the approach and findings of the project and discuss in particular the implications for foresight methodology. We argue that all four innovative methodological features contributed in a specific way to opening up new perspectives on the future of innovation and potential structural transformation of innovation processes.

Pela Tabela 2 pode-se perceber que a produtividade média (t/vaca) varia entre os países em função do tipo de produção adotado e não do tamanho da produção, como na Tabela 1. Os países com maior percentual de gado de leite confinado (produção intensiva, com custos de produção mais altos) tendem a ter uma produtividade superior aos países cuja produção é extensiva (animais criados a pasto). Na América do Norte, na União Europeia e em países com restrição de terras férteis (caso da Arábia Saudita, detentora da maior produtividade mundial em 2011), a maior parte da produção é intensiva, enquanto na Oceania, na África e na América do Sul a produção predominante é extensiva. Tabela 2 | Produtividade de leite em países selecionados (2011) Países selecionados Produtividade (t/vaca

RESUMO O agronegócio do leite no Brasil tem passado por transformações, sendo uma dessas a rápida e crescente participação do leite longa vida. Nesse sentido, por este trabalho procura evidenciar o processo de transformação da logística na coleta do leite e apresentar aspectos do mercado do longa vida possibilitados por essa nova realidade do setor. No que diz respeito à logística, uma das áreas mais sensíveis ao problema de redução de custos nessa cadeia encontra-se na coleta e no transporte do leite da fazenda ao laticínio. A granelização tem implicado amplas possibilidades de redução de custos de transporte e melhoria da qualidade do produto. A razão disso são os menores custos unitários da coleta (R$/l) em função das possibilidades de utilização de caminhões de maior capacidade de carga e da coleta em dias alternados, enquanto se reduzem as perdas por desclassificação do leite. No aspecto referente ao custo de transporte, chama-se a atenção para a associação do aumento da escala de produção com a redução do frete. O aprimoramento da logística, pode proporcionar vários desdobramentos que atuam em favor das empresas como forças competitivas num mercado que tem como padrão de concorrência o preço. O produto em melhores condições de qualidade possibilita estratégias agressivas por parte dos laticínios e o alcance de mercados mais longínquos da localização da indústria. ORGANIZAÇÕES RURAIS e Agroindustriais V.1-Nº 2-Ago/Dez-1999 Revista de Administração da UFLA

O presente trabalho tem como temática principal um dos setores da indústria de alimentos que mais se desenvolve no agronegócio brasileiro nos últimos anos. O artigo trás ao leitor algumas observações sobre os novos investimentos no processo de industrialização e desenvolvimento do setor de laticínios brasileiro, e seu papel perante a economia mundial, analisando a organização e reconfiguração do território envolvido na atividade.

El proposito del presente trabajo es explorar la relacion entre el enriquecimiento trabajo-familia y la satisfaccion laboral, asi como el efecto moderador de la flexibilidad de recursos humanos en dicha relacion. El enriquecimiento trabajo-familia es una de las mas importantes dimensiones de la conciliacion trabajo-familia y representa el lado positivo de la interfaz trabajo-familia, se refiere a como el trabajo y la familia se benefician mutuamente. La informacion para contrastar las hipotesis fue recolectada a traves de cuestionarios aplicados a profesores universitarios. Los resultados indican que el enriquecimiento trabajo-familia se encuentra positivamente relacionado con la satisfaccion laboral, pero el enriquecimiento familia-trabajo no presenta relacion con la satisfaccion del profesorado. Ademas, la flexibilidad de recursos humanos modera positivamente la relacion entre el enriquecimiento trabajo-familia y la satisfaccion laboral, volviendo incluso relevante el impacto del ...

The global economy destabilized by the world financial and economic crises raises the demand for the economic development model of new contents and the corresponding development strategy. This model is relevant for countries with post-transformation economies (for example, Ukraine) that by force of historical circumstances find themselves on the periphery of global economic leadership outside the effective redistribution of the results and the benefits of scientific and technological progress having lost their former technological, economic and political power. A new type of economic development should be based on an adequate theoretical model, its scientific basis and the practical verification of the ability of the country to ensure the transition to the innovatively intensive type of the economic growth. That sort of a model and its corresponding strategy focused on national peculiarities and specific of post-transformation economies is the model of the advanced economic development. The results of this study complete the theory of the economic development, promote the expansion of predictive tools and implementation of positive features of a modern economic theory, and can also be used by governments with post-transformation economies to develop the long-term strategies.

O novo contexto econômico, delineado com a abertura de mercado e a estabilização da economia, trouxe uma série de desafios para a cadeia agroalimentar do leite, o que vêm pressionando seus elos a passar por um processo de ajustamento, a fim de superar seus principais problemas, de natureza estrutural ou de base tecnológica. Neste sentido, o presente estudo objetivou traçar um panorama da competitividade do complexo lácteo gaúcho, enfocando sua estrutura, estratégias e os processos de interação e indução, presentes nos elos da produção pecuária, na industrialização e distribuição em face das mudanças no ambiente econômico. Buscou-se também avaliar as expectativas dos agentes quanto às evoluções e perspectivas para a cadeia. Para tanto o estudo baseou-se em fonte de dados secundários e entrevistas semi-estruturas com representantes de cada elo pesquisado. Observou-se que o elo da produção pecuária se apresentou como o mais frágil da cadeia, necessitando buscar maior produtividade e es...

While new organisational models of innovation were intensively discussed in the last decade, there is little systematic exploration concerning their potential for different sectors and areas and their wider implications for economy and society. We present findings from an international foresight project which analyses and discusses the emergence and diffusion of new innovation patterns and their consequences for innovation policy. Based on a collection of international practice examples from industry and society, innovation visions have been generated and assessed involving different experts from all over Europe. A generic trend identified can be best described as open, distributed and networked innovation process which is to a certain extent already addressed in current innovation policy making. However, other trends such as the increased use of information technologies or new spatial shifts related to organising and doing innovation have rather been underestimated so far and will require new policy responses in the future.

The world agribusiness industry is known for its low levels of investment in Research & Development. Incremental technological advances are the tradition. Specifically at the dairy sector, one of the great motivators of innovations is the search for a bigger quality and durability in the products. However, in recent years there is a trend to searching functional and sustainable products. In this sense, the objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate the innovations of a French cooperative in the dairy sector, from 1990 to 2005. For that, a case study was made at the Cooperative Group 3A, which is an important cooperative on France. We have identified some induced innovations by suppliers, mainly innovations in product and process. However, we have also identified a significant number of innovations in management, mainly as a result of the minor investment demanded in technology. We have identified that the search for higher quality levels was the main reason for the innovations implementation. Nevertheless, we have confirmed the trend of producing products with functional qualities and sustainable appeal.

Монографія розкриває нове вирішення важливого науково-прикладного завдання, що полягає у поглибленні існуючих, розробленні й обґрунтуванні нових науково-методичних положень щодо формування інноваційної моделі розвитку України та її регіонів на основі реалізації підприємницького чиннику – активізації підприємницької ініціативи, розвитку інноваційної активності на регіональному рівні, підтримки розвитку підприємництва шляхом підвищення ефективності державної інноваційної політики.
Поглиблено теоретичні засади концепцій інноватики та підприємництва, методологію дослідження підприємництва в контексті формування інноваційної моделі економіки України та її регіонів. Проаналізовано розвиток підприємництва та інноваційних процесів у регіонах України. Запропоновано комплекс рішень з активізації підприємницької ініціативи та розвитку інноваційної моделі економіки України та її регіонів.
Видання розраховане на наукових працівників, викладачів вищих навчальних закладів, спеціалістів у сфері національної та регіональної економіки.

This article describes the benefits of exploiting the IP resulting from research and innovation projects in universities and other research organizations through the attractive option of setting up a spinoff company. It targets university students, including Ph.D. and postdoc students, who want to accomplish an entrepreneurial venture in collaboration with their universities. The author also provides a broad spectrum of funding alternatives for spinoffs available in different countries and regions, especially in the United States, the European Union, and the United Kingdom.

Approaches to innovation have been thoroughly studied in the last decades. It's well understood that an organizations' culture is among the crucial factors for success and renewal of organizations. Yet culture is made by people and their attitudes. Innovation culture requires skills and competence by employees which are presumably beyond the traditional basic knowledge taught at undergraduate, graduate and post graduate level. This is even more evident for university graduates who're mainly finding professional careers in the private sector who has special requirements to employees. Graduates' skills are strongly influenced by curricula and the cultural values and norms outside curricula transferred by universities to students. But frequently these skills are designed by universities without profound knowledge of the actual skills required. At the same time organizations acting as potential graduates employers value researcher skills and competencies differently from how these are perceived. The paper suggests that understanding the professional and universal skills of researchers perceived and needed is one element of innovation culture. Thereby the skills in discussion go beyond purely academic skills only; instead it is proposed that skills which increase the absorptive capacity of companies are crucial for implementing effective productive innovation management.

The analysis of approaches to implementing the regional cluster policy has been conducted. The mechatronics specialist's role in the development of innovation processes has been determined and recommendations on forming an infrastructure of a regional industrial complex have been given. The conditions of effective forming of mechatronics specialists' professional competences in a regional industrial cluster have been determined. The degree of development of professional competences has been determined, i.e. innovation and educational potential. The principles of subjects' interaction have been formulated, being nominally divided into interconnected groups: organizational and informational related to the essence of the interaction process; basic theoretical and methodological principles of management of interaction process in a regional industrial complex.

This report reviews good practices in linking international talent into the innovation economy and covers four benchmark countries: Austria, Canada, Denmark and the Netherlands. The identified good practices are often characterised by governance models that have been developed based on the stakeholder and market needs. Often, the good practices have originated from a bottom-up approach and are carried forward by multiple stakeholders. While piloting activities is a good approach for a quick testing, successful approaches need a long-term funding base to be able to focus on content. Based on the findings of the review, we suggest to firmly integrate international talent into the Finnish innovation economy by: 1) Ensuring an enduring shared vision on international talent attraction and long-term design of actions; 2) Creating a commonly adopted strategic intent for international talent; and 3) Designing and implementing new actions for integrating international talent systemically and...

The aim of this paper is analyzing the main powder milk buyer markets in the world. This paper firstly shows the current status of the milk world market, as well as the biggest producers, and an overview showing the best leaders in the milky sector. Secondly, the biggest powder milk exporters will be shown in order to know who will be the largest competitors Brazil will face in the current international scenario, and the main powder milk importers will be shown in order to guide the decision for a destiny country to Cosulati's product. The domestic market reality will be shown, the main producer states will be determined as well as the current status of the milky sector. The history and current status of the milky sector in Rio Grande do Sul will be reported aiming at presenting current production data. The research is focused on Cosulati, a company located in Pelotas, which looks at growing and becoming a potential powder milk exporter. The study will be concluded with the decision for a destiny country for that product and the proper justification for such option.

The author's model of the institutional environment of innovative economy is given, the innovation processes and infrastructure institutions at the current stage of formation of innovation economy of the Azerbaijan Republic are being analyzed, and the main problems in development of elements of the institutional environment are identified. Suggestions are related with the possible ways to improve the nstitutional environment of the innovation economy in Azerbaijan.

O Brasil e um dos maiores produtores de leite, ocupando a quinta posicao do ranking mundial. Entre as regioes brasileiras, o Sudeste se sobressai, ao produzir aproximadamente 35% do leite nacional. Diante da relevância desse setor para a economia brasileira, especificamente no sudeste, torna-se importante o estudo de seu mercado e a identificacao dos pontos fortes e fracos desse setor. Esta analise pode ser utilizada como guia para estrategias e criacao de informacoes, auxiliando nas tomadas de decisoes, nao somente de produtores rurais, mas tambem dos demais setores que participam direta ou indiretamente desse mercado, alem de facilitar a segmentacao de mercado. Desse modo, o objetivo desta pesquisa e segmentar as regioes do estado de Sao Paulo, um dos maiores produtores do Sudeste, conforme sua producao de leite Tipo B e C, por meio da analise de Cluster . Para isso, foram analisadas as medias anuais da quantidade produzida e do valor de producao de cada tipo de leite (B e C), ent...

The Philippines ranks low in innovative activity. We argue that this inevitably results from unaddressed challenges facing the S&T sector such as lack of government support and private sector participation, low investment levels, lack of qualified personnel, and lack of technology transfer and commercialization. With a view of analyzing the problems vis-à-vis the R&D landscape in the country, the key players, their relationships and interaction mechanisms, and the existing support infrastructures, we embarked on this pioneering Study that involved a formal nationwide survey that includes gauging the awareness and use of patent pools. The survey affirmed the identified significant challenges and led us to conclude, among others, that given the actual level of innovation in the country, massive education campaign on use of patent information must be undertaken before patent pools can mainstream in the innovation system in the Philippines. In this paper, we limited our options for prom...

This study presents the current state of entrepreneurship education in the Philippines. The status of entrepreneurship education is evaluated through the analysis of entrepreneurship education curricula and practices in the Philippines and to suggest policy measures in the promotion, development and creation, growth, and sustainability of more entrepreneurial undertaking. Entrepreneurship education in the Philippines is heavily focused on the development of entrepreneurs in terms of encouraging start-ups. However, there is lack of focus in developing creativity and innovation as a mindset of the student in the formal education system. There is also minimal support from the academe and industry to aid nascent entrepreneurial undertaking to grow and sustain the business.

The studies are aimed at the system approach of the problems affecting the agribusiness. In this approach, the management competition demands internal and inter-organizational efficiency. Thus, it is necessary to associate competitiveness with the efficient internal organization and with the communication systems and coordination of activities between companies in an agrichain. In this sense, we present the method of feedback loops to represent the systems structure that was developed by Peter Senge in his seminal works-The Fifth Discipline and Fifth Discipline Fieldbook. An application in the Brazilian milk agrichain is made to represent the complex technological and commercial relationship between rural producers and dairy companies. Fall of profit for both agents (companies and farmers) are drawn as a result of cut of services and lack of cooperation to the rural producers.

У статті визначено суть та проведено оцінку показників ринку праці за період 2011-2021 роки. Проаналізовано динаміку безробіття в Україні та визначено її вплив на економічне становище нашої країни. Розраховано кількісні параметри трудового потенціалу України, а також розглянуто структуру зайнятості населення за видами економічної діяльності. Встановлено, що скорочення трудового потенціалу є наслідком вивільнення працівників з суспільного сектору економіки, через брак робочих місць, невдоволення оплатою праці, пандемію світового масштабу, військові дії. Практично, ці та інші фактори зумовлюють міграційні процеси в Україні. Тому, на основі проведеного аналізу, для збереження трудового потенціалу країни, необхідно на державному рівні розробити програму стимулювання зайнятості населення в Україні. В якій пріоритетна роль з координації зусиль відводиться регіональним центрам зайнятості.

The paper highlights key research questions that concern skills and abilities of highly qualified personnel who are employed in the innovation related professions in the labour market. Developing a national system of competencies which would allow selecting and training personnel capable of creating and applying innovations is a very challenging task. The solution implies first of all the construction of the relevant methodologies and tools for the assessment of competencies acquired during vocational education and training and competencies required at working places. A survey of engineers conducted by the Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge of the National Research University Higher School of Economics in 2011 strives for moving beyond the simple slogans of the knowledge economy and the received wisdom about shifts from low to higher skills, from blue to white collars. This study investigates how far the trend in skill requirements follows market expectations. Two large groups of highly qualified STI personnel are studied: the first includes the engineering and technical personnel with toplevel qualifications employed by industrial enterprises, the other involves the staff of research, development, design organisations whose responsibilities include R&D (а total of 3158 graduates were surveyed). The paper is organized as follows. First, the data collection approach and analysis methodology are introduced and results discussed. Second, engineering education and application of acquired skills are analysed. The paper concludes with a summary of the major findings that show the important role of 'general' competencies required from engineers at their jobs, such as selforganisation, openness to new information, the ability and willingness to learn, and communication skills.

Resumo: O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de leite, ocupando a quinta posição do ranking mundial. Entre as regiões brasileiras, o Sudeste se sobressai, ao produzir aproximadamente 35% do leite nacional. Diante da relevância desse setor para a economia brasileira, especificamente no sudeste, torna-se importante o estudo de seu mercado e a identificação dos pontos fortes e fracos desse setor. Esta análise pode ser utilizada como guia para estratégias e criação de informações, auxiliando nas tomadas de decisões, não somente de produtores rurais, mas também dos demais setores que participam direta ou indiretamente desse mercado, além de facilitar a segmentação de mercado. Desse modo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é segmentar as regiões do estado de São Paulo, um dos maiores produtores do Sudeste, conforme sua produção de leite Tipo B e C, por meio da análise de Cluster. Para isso, foram analisadas as médias anuais da quantidade produzida e do valor de produção de cada tipo de leite (B e ...

The priorities of stabilisation of the Azerbaijan economy require the search for approaches to the organisation of production and economic activities on a new technological basis within the framework of the construction of structures of the Techno park type. This article is devoted to issues of innovative development of key sectors of economy on the basis of digitalisation and creation of technological parks in the Republic of Azerbaijan. This article examines the current situation of the digital economy, its characteristic features, analyses the state of Techno parks and various approaches to the use of the digital economy, as well as the prospects and trends of its development in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The aim of this article is to develop theoretical and practical issues related to the innovative development of key sectors of the economy on the basis of the introduction of scientific and technical structures of the Techno park type. The main result of this work is the alloca...

Abstrak: Pendidikan darah wanita merupakan korpus ilmu yang wajib dikuasai oleh setiap muslim lelaki dan perempuan. Ulama silam telah memperakui kesukaran menguasai ilmu tentang darah wanita. Rentetan itu, berlaku pengamalan bervariasi yang menyebabkan berlaku silap faham masyarakat terhadap kaedah penentuan darah wanita. Hal ini menuntut kepada satu analisis tentang pendidikan darah wanita dalam kurikulum pendidikan Islam rendah dan menengah, ia menjadi objektif utama kepada kertas kerja ini dan mengenalpasti ilmu asas darah wanita yang perlu diutamakan sebagai pendidikan awal darah wanita kepada pelajar. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan dengan menganalisis kandungan buku teks pendidikan Islam rendah dan menengah, teks kelasik dalam bidang fiqh, tafsir, hadis dan bahasa. Selain itu, kaedah pemerhatian kefahaman peserta kelas belia dan dewasa, bagi kelas pengajian darah wanita berasaskan soalan yang diajukan oleh peserta tentang status darah wanita. Kajian mendapati, silibu...

В статті здійснено оцінку рівня зайнятості та продуктивності праці в Україні, як базового показника оцінки рівня регіонального розвитку та акцентовано увагу на збільшенні цих показників серед громадян усіх вікових груп. Наголошено, що суттєвим викликом на регіональному рівні є обмежені можливості зайнятості, а неефективна продуктивність праці сприяє появі багатьох проблем, які гальмують розвиток територіальних громад. Такими проблемами є зростання безробіття та соціальної напруги, пасивність мешканців громад, зниження валового виробництва і сукупної продуктивності праці в громадах через нераціональне використання людських ресурсів. відсутність в територіальних громадах стратегічного планування розвитку, міграція за межі територіальної громади та збільшення загального демографічного, податкового навантаження на працездатне населення, адже мігрують зазвичай активні члени громади, а залишаються ті, які є пасивними та потребують захисту. Ключові слова: регіональний розвиток, інклюзивний розвиток, зайнятість, децентралізація, територіальні громади.

Embora a tecnologia de processamento UHT tenha trazido claras mudanças aos hábitos de consumo dos brasileiros, seu impacto na indústria leiteira e nos agentes da cadeia de suprimento é muito complexa e diversificada. Das peculiaridades na oferta de uma tecnologia que é controlada por uma companhia que fornece equipamento, embalagens e serviços-todos associados à produção de leite longa vida-emerge uma rede estruturada de 261 cooperação e interdependência. Destarte, neste trabalho, nós usamos elementos de uma estratégia de estudo multicaso com o objetivo de caracterizar e analisar o movimento estratégico da indústria leiteira no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul no seu processo de substituição da tecnologia de pasteurização pela tecnologia UHT e os impactos causados por esta mudança na cadeia de suprimentos. O elemento central da pesquisa está situado na compreensão do movimento em direção a mudanças de hábito no consumo de leite e na compreensão do processo de tomada de decisão subjacente a mudança tecnológica na indústria leiteira. (CNPq/UFRGS)

The author's model of the institutional environment of innovative economy is given, the innovation processes and infrastructure institutions at the current stage of formation of innovation economy of the Azerbaijan Republic are being analyzed, and the main problems in development of elements of the institutional environment are identified. Suggestions are related with the possible ways to improve the nstitutional environment of the innovation economy in Azerbaijan.

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Family Businesses (FB's)are going through serious challenges to maintain their legacy for more than a third generation. Traditional Corporate Governance have been suggested as the solution for extending the life of GCC FB's however still it couldn't really enhance the longevity of such organizations. A comparative study is conducted to explore the uniqueness of lean governance that makes Japanese FB's the most sustained organizations in the world while still being the backbone of their country development. The findings indicate that family business in GCC need to adopt more lean governance practices that can help to sustain its legacy to more generations yet also keep up with capacity development. The study discusses how to use the inspiration currency to enhance GCC FB's capacity to play more a vital role in their economic and social environment. This paper propose a theoretical framework for increasing the FB's that works in s...

Sustainability is widely expected to become a major driver of innovation activities. Many companies adopt sustainability oriented innovation strategies and innovation policy on the national and EU level is increasingly targeting sustainability as “Grand Challenge”. With respect to the environmental dimension of sustainability, the notion of “eco-innovation” that is directed at products, services and processes reducing harmful impact of production and consumption on the environment is becoming highly prominent in research, policy and industry. The paper rests on the findings of an international foresight project which investigates new forms of innovation such as open innovation and social innovation and their economic, social and environmental impacts. Based on these findings we show that we do not only need green products and services but rather “transformative innovation” towards systemic change in production and consumption patterns in order to achieve the step-change in reduction...

Resumo: O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de leite, ocupando a quinta posição do ranking mundial. Entre as regiões brasileiras, o Sudeste se sobressai, ao produzir aproximadamente 35% do leite nacional. Diante da relevância desse setor para a economia brasileira, especificamente no sudeste, torna-se importante o estudo de seu mercado e a identificação dos pontos fortes e fracos desse setor. Esta análise pode ser utilizada como guia para estratégias e criação de informações, auxiliando nas tomadas de decisões, não somente de produtores rurais, mas também dos demais setores que participam direta ou indiretamente desse mercado, além de facilitar a segmentação de mercado. Desse modo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é segmentar as regiões do estado de São Paulo, um dos maiores produtores do Sudeste, conforme sua produção de leite Tipo B e C, por meio da análise de Cluster. Para isso, foram analisadas as médias anuais da quantidade produzida e do valor de produção de cada tipo de leite (B e ...