Healthy Schools

If there is one thing in your home that affects your comfort, health, and well-being, it's your indoor air. Many homeowners overlook indoor air, and with it, regular HVAC maintenance. Without proper care, your system can become a hidden source of pollutants, moisture problems, and reduced airflow, all of which can compromise the quality of the air you breathe. Here, a local expert in professional HVAC care guides you on how to keep your system running its best so that your air stays safe and fresh. Pollutants Circulating from Dirty Components When HVAC systems are neglected, dust, pollen, pet dander, and other contaminants begin to accumulate in key areas like filters, ducts, and coils. These pollutants are recirculated throughout your home every time the system runs, aggravating allergies, triggering asthma symptoms, and causing unpleasant odors. Regular maintenance removes these particles before they affect your indoor environment. Technicians clean and inspect each component, ensuring your system filters and delivers air that's free from harmful buildup.

This paper shows the general design conditions about ergonomics and safety for control centers in the petrochemical process industry. Some of the topics include guidelines for the optimized workstation design, control room layout, building layout, and lighting, acoustical and environmental design. Also takes into account the safety parameters in the control rooms and centers design. The conditions and parameters shown in this paper come from the standards and global advances on this topic on the most recent publications. And also the work was supplemented by field visits of our team to the control center operations in a petrochemical company, and technical literature search efforts. This guideline will be useful to increase the productivity and improve the working conditions at the control rooms.

These substances, often taken for granted, are formulated with precision and intent. From kitchens and hospitals to schools and factories, their importance cannot be overstated. They not only eliminate dirt and pathogens but also contribute significantly to public health and psychological well-being. They are composed of a blend of surfactants, disinfectants, solvents, and stabilizers, each performing a unique function.
Formulas That Fight the Unseen
At the heart of any effective cleaning process lies an intricate composition of active agents. These include pH adjusters that balance the alkalinity or acidity for targeted action, oxidizers that break down organic matter, and emulsifiers that suspend grime for easy removal. The synergy between these ingredients determines how well cleaning chemicals perform under real-world conditions.
Certain products are tailored for specific materials glass, metal, fabric, or tile, ensuring no damage occurs during routine use. These cleaning chemicals are tested extensively in labs to guarantee performance consistency, safety for users, and compliance with environmental guidelines. It's a science that combines chemistry with consumer expectations, evolving constantly to meet rising standards in both domestic and industrial settings.
Safety First: Protection Without Compromise
A critical aspect of any maintenance product is its safety profile. When improperly handled, these compounds can pose health risks, irritation, allergic reactions, or respiratory problems. As such, manufacturers include detailed usage guidelines, dilution ratios, and hazard symbols on every container to ensure that users remain informed and protected. In recent years, there has been a major shift toward formulations that are less corrosive, low in volatile organic compounds, and free from phosphates. These innovations are driven by the need to protect not just the user, but also the environment. Furthermore, workplace safety standards now require training and documentation for the correct handling of such agents, especially in commercial or institutional use.
Eco-Conscious Formulations: The Rise of Green Alternatives
Environmental awareness has reshaped many industries, and this sector is no exception. Bio-based options that use plant-derived ingredients are becoming mainstream, reducing the carbon footprint and mitigating water pollution. These alternatives are biodegradable, non-toxic, and often packaged in recyclable materials, aligning with sustainability goals set by governments and corporations alike. The growing demand for earth-friendly solutions is not only about minimizing harm but also about fostering a culture of accountability. Consumers are now more educated and conscious, choosing products that reflect their values. Manufacturers respond by innovating continually, developing blends that are both powerful in action and gentle on the planet.
Applications Across Industries
From food service establishments and hotels to medical facilities and manufacturing units, these compounds serve vital roles across the board. In healthcare, for example, their role is not limited to visual cleanliness; they are a critical line of defence against the spread of infections. In the food industry, they help prevent cross-contamination and ensure compliance with hygiene standards. Industrial environments require heavy-duty variants that can remove grease, oils, and other stubborn residues without damaging equipment.
Smart Solutions and Technological Advancements
Technology is rapidly transforming how we approach cleanliness. Automated dispensing systems reduce waste and ensure the correct dosage, while IoT-enabled dispensers track usage and inventory in real time. These systems enhance efficiency, reduce cost, and minimize human error. Meanwhile, scientific research continues to discover more effective antibacterial and antiviral agents.
User Awareness and Education
Regardless of how advanced a product may be, its effectiveness largely depends on how it is used. Misapplication, incorrect dilution, or neglecting safety precautions can compromise results and lead to hazards. For this reason, education is crucial, whether through training programs in workplaces or clear labelling for household users.
The Psychology of Clean Environments
Cleanliness is not just about the absence of dirt; it's about creating an atmosphere of order, safety, and comfort. Studies have shown that clean environments reduce stress, enhance productivity, and foster trust. In commercial spaces, it contributes to a positive customer experience. At home, it provides peace of mind and a sense of pride. The tools and substances that make this possible often go unnoticed, but their psychological impact is immense. A well-maintained environment reflects discipline, attention to detail, and care, values that resonate with both individuals and organizations.
Global Standards and Regulatory Oversight
To ensure consistency and protect public health, governments and international agencies impose strict regulations on the formulation, labelling, and marketing of hygiene products. These include limits on certain ingredients, mandatory safety disclosures, and rigorous testing protocols. Ongoing audits and updates to regulatory frameworks mean that companies must remain vigilant and adaptive. Transparency is becoming a market differentiator, with brands openly sharing ingredient lists and sustainability practices. The push for regulatory alignment across countries also facilitates global trade while upholding safety standards.
Conclusion
Behind every sparkling surface, there is an unseen formula at work, a quiet but potent blend of science, innovation, and responsibility. The best cleaning chemicals enable healthier homes, safer hospitals, cleaner offices, and more sustainable industries. Their evolution reflects our growing understanding of health, environmental stewardship, and the human need for clean, organized spaces.
As we continue to demand more from the environments we live and work in, it’s clear that the materials used to maintain those spaces will evolve with us. What was once a simple bottle under the sink is now a sophisticated product born from rigorous science and ethical consideration. The next time a surface shines or a room smells fresh, it’s worth remembering the invisible force behind it all, the best cleaning chemicals, shaping our world, one wipe at a time.

From disinfecting surfaces to removing stubborn stains, these chemical solutions ensure that environments remain free from harmful bacteria, viruses, and contaminants. Over the years, advancements in chemical formulations have led to more effective and safer products, catering to different cleaning needs. Whether used for general maintenance or deep cleaning, selecting the right cleaning chemical is essential for optimal results.
The Evolution of Cleaning Chemicals
In modern households and industries, cleaning and hygiene products have evolved to meet higher standards of efficiency and safety. While traditional cleaners rely on harsh substances, today’s cleaning and hygiene products balance effectiveness with sustainability. The demand for eco-friendly and non-toxic cleaning and hygiene products has risen, pushing manufacturers to develop solutions that are both powerful and environmentally responsible. Understanding the types of cleaning chemicals available and their appropriate applications helps individuals and businesses maintain cleaner, healthier spaces.
The Impact of Clean Environments on Health and Productivity
A clean environment significantly impacts health, productivity, and overall well-being. In homes, maintaining cleanliness reduces the risk of infections, allergies, and respiratory issues. In workplaces, clean surroundings boost employee efficiency and create a professional atmosphere. Hospitals and healthcare facilities rely on medical-grade disinfectants to prevent the spread of diseases. With the right cleaning chemicals, hygiene standards can be upheld, ensuring a safe and pleasant environment for everyone.
Safety Precautions When Using Cleaning Chemicals
While cleaning chemicals offer numerous benefits, their proper usage is crucial to avoid health risks and surface damage. Many cleaning products contain strong ingredients that, if misused, can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, or allergic reactions. It is essential to follow product instructions carefully, wear protective gear when handling strong chemicals, and ensure proper ventilation to reduce exposure to fumes. Additionally, storing cleaning chemicals safely prevents accidental ingestion or spills that could lead to hazardous situations.
One of the most significant advancements in the cleaning industry is the development of eco-friendly cleaning chemicals. Traditional cleaners often contain harsh chemicals that contribute to environmental pollution. Many of these substances end up in waterways, harming aquatic life and ecosystems. In response, manufacturers have introduced biodegradable and plant-based cleaning solutions that are just as effective as conventional products but safer for both people and the planet. These green cleaning chemicals break down naturally, reducing the environmental footprint of cleaning activities.
Benefits of Switching to Eco-Friendly Cleaning Products
Switching to eco-friendly cleaning products provides numerous benefits. They are free from toxic fumes, making them safer for individuals with respiratory conditions such as asthma. Natural ingredients, such as vinegar, baking soda, and essential oils, are commonly used in green cleaning formulations to provide effective cleaning without the use of harsh chemicals. Additionally, sustainable cleaning products contribute to better indoor air quality, minimizing exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) commonly found in traditional cleaners.
Despite the increasing popularity of green cleaning products, traditional chemical cleaners remain essential in certain industries. Hospitals, laboratories, and food processing facilities require high-strength disinfectants to meet strict hygiene regulations. In such settings, chemical cleaners are carefully formulated to kill pathogens and ensure sterilization. The key to responsible cleaning is striking a balance between effectiveness and safety, choosing the right chemicals for each cleaning task while minimizing exposure to harmful substances. When selecting cleaning chemicals, it is important to consider the surface being cleaned and the type of contaminants present. Different materials react differently to cleaning agents, and using the wrong product can lead to damage. For example, acidic cleaners may be effective at removing stains but can corrode metal surfaces. Similarly, abrasive cleaners can scratch delicate materials such as glass or polished wood. Understanding product labels and their recommended applications prevents unnecessary wear and tear on surfaces.
Maximizing the Efficiency of Cleaning Chemicals
To maximize the efficiency of cleaning chemicals, proper cleaning techniques should be followed. Applying the correct amount of product ensures thorough cleaning without wastage. Many cleaners require a specific dwell time to break down dirt and kill bacteria effectively. Rinsing surfaces properly after using cleaning chemicals prevents residue buildup, which can attract more dirt or cause damage over time. Regular maintenance using the right cleaning products helps preserve the quality and longevity of furniture, flooring, and fixtures.
Cleaning chemicals are also essential in industrial settings, where large-scale cleaning is required. Factories, warehouses, and manufacturing plants deal with heavy-duty dirt, grease, and chemical residues that require powerful cleaning agents. Industrial cleaning chemicals are formulated to handle tough stains and contaminants, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations. In food production facilities, specialized sanitisers prevent bacterial contamination, ensuring food safety for consumers.
Cleaning Chemicals in Commercial Spaces
Commercial establishments, such as hotels, restaurants, and shopping malls, rely on cleaning chemicals to maintain cleanliness and hygiene for their customers. High-traffic areas accumulate dirt quickly, requiring frequent cleaning with effective solutions. From restroom disinfectants to floor polishers, businesses invest in high-quality cleaning products to create a welcoming and sanitary environment for visitors. Cleanliness directly influences customer satisfaction, making it a crucial aspect of business operations. The role of cleaning chemicals extends beyond visible cleanliness. Many products are designed to eliminate odours, creating a fresh and pleasant atmosphere. Air fresheners, fabric sprays, and enzymatic cleaners neutralize unpleasant smells, enhancing indoor environments. In homes, pet owners benefit from specialized odour-removing cleaners that tackle pet stains and lingering smells. Maintaining a fresh-smelling space contributes to overall comfort and well-being.
Conclusion
Ultimately, the best cleaning chemicals are an integral part of maintaining cleanliness, hygiene, and public health. Their effectiveness in removing dirt, eliminating germs, and preserving surfaces makes them indispensable in both residential and commercial settings. By understanding their proper use, safety precautions, and environmental impact, individuals can make informed choices when selecting the best cleaning chemicals for their specific needs. Whether opting for traditional cleaning chemicals or eco-friendly alternatives, maintaining a clean and sanitary environment benefits everyone.

The present article is a theoretical study of the principle of cleaning and disinfection that aims to promote reflection on the role of care in Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI) prevention with emphasis on practical recommendations. The source of the infections can be endogenous or exogenous in operation room. By sterile environment in operation theatres major part of such exogenous infections can be controlled. Proper ventilation, air circulation, temperature, maintenance of sterile environment in operation theatres plays key role in prevention of such infections. Steps for maintaining sterile environment include cleaning and disinfection of operation theatres by various means like chemical disinfection or disinfection with ultraviolet radiation [2]. Along with this surgical instruments also can be a source of exogenous infections. So cleaning, lubrication, packing and sterilization of instruments are essential for prevention of surgical site infections [6]. The article outli...

Influence on cardiovascular risk ? 2000 .., Rythmes de l'enfant. De l'horloge biologique aux rythmes scolaires. 2001 Ce logo rappelle que le code de la propriété intellectuelle du 1" juillet 1992 interdit la photocopie à usage collectif sans autorisation des ayants-droits. Le non-respect de cette disposition met en danger l'édition, notamment scien~ifique. Toute reproduction, partielle ou totale, du présent ouvrage est interdite sans autorisation de l'éditeur ou du Centre français d'exploitation du droit de copie (CFC, 20 rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 Paris). Cet ouvrage présente les travaux du groupe d'experts réunis par l'Inserm, dans le cadre de la procédure d'expertise collective, pour répondre aux questions posées par la CANAM (Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des professions indépendantes) sur l'évolution et l'adéquation des méthodes d'éducation pour la santé utilisées auprès des jeunes publics. Il s'appuie sur les données en date du dernier semestre 2000. Le corpus documentaire utilisé pour ce travail compte environ neuf cents références (articles scientifiques, ouvrages, rapports d'intervention, littérature grise, textes officiels). Le Centre d'expertise collective (Inserm sc14) a assuré la coordination scientifique de cette expertise collective, en collaboration avec le département du Partenariat économique et social pour l'instruction du dossier et les services de documentation pour la recherche bibliographique (département de l'Information scientifique et de la communication). v Groupe d'experts et auteurs Pierre ARWIDSON, département études et évaluations, Comité français d'éducation pour la santé, Vanves Jacques A. BURY, santé publique, Institut de médecine sociale et préventive, université de Genève Marie CHOQUET, santé de l'adolescent, psychologie-épidémiologie, Inserm Unité 472, Villejuif Christine DE PERETTI, département politiques, pratiques et acteurs de l'éducation, Unité école et santé, INRP, Paris Alain DECCACHE, directeur de l'Unité RESO-éducation pour la santé, UCLuniversité catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles Marie-Laure MOQUET-ANGER, directeur du laboratoire d'étude du droit public, faculté de Droit, Rennes 1 Geneviève PAICHELER, sociologie, politiques publiques et santé, CNRS-CERMES UMR 8559, Inserm Unité 502, Paris Coordination scientifique et éditoriale Jeanne ÉTIEMBLE, directeur du Centre d'expertise collective de l'Inserm Martine MUFFAT-]OLY, attaché scientifique, Centre d'expertise collective Marie-Josée PRIGENT, chargé d'expertise, Centre d'expertise collective Assistance bibliographique et technique Chantal GRELLIER et Florence LESECQ, Centre d'expertise collective 1conograph ie Service commun n°6 de l'Inserm VII pratiques consensuelles, qui respectent la dignité des personnes et les déontologies professionnelles. Le présent rapport d'expertise concerne la démarche d'éducation pour la santé auprès des jeunes, en particulier au sein du milieu privilégié qu'est l'école; il montre bien le chemin qui reste à parcourir pour mettre en évidence et en pratique la notion de préservation du « capital santé », en tant que complément indispensable à la notion de prévention des risques et des maladies. Il met l'accent sur l'intérêt de différents types de continuums à prendre en compte dans les stratégies utilisées: cohérence des programmes d'éducation pour la santé, de leur justification (objectifs) à leur mise en oeuvre; liens entre les actions proposées aux différents âges scolaires; articulation entre l'individuel et le collectif, approches inséparables dans les pratiques d'éducation pour la santé.

Dans la même collection .., La Grippe. Stratégies de vaccination. 1994 .., Artériopathie des membres inférieurs. Dépistage et risques cardiovasculaires. 1994 .., Rachialgies en milieu professionnel. Quelles voies de prévention? 1995 .., Sida, maladies associées. Pistes pour de nouveaux médicaments. 1996 .., Ostéoporose. Stratégies de prévention et de traitement. 1996 .., Méningites bactériennes. Stratégies de traitement et de prévention. 1996 .., Imagerie médicale en France dans les hôpitaux publics. 1996 .., Hépatites virales. Dépistage, prévention, traitement. 1997 .., Grande prématurité. Dépistage et prévention du risque. 1997 .., Effets sur la santé des principaux risques d'exposition à l'amiante. 1997 .., Ecstasy. Des données biologiques et cliniques aux contextes d'usage. 1998 .., Insuffisance rénale chronique. Etiologies, moyens de diagnostic précoce, prévention. 1998 .., La migraine. Connaissances descriptives, traitements et prévention. 1998 .., Risques héréditaires de cancers du sein et de l'ovaire. Quelle prise en charge? 1998 .., Effets sur la santé des fibres de substitution à l'amiante. 1999 .., Maladie parodontales. Thérapeutiques et prévention. 1999 .., Plomb dans l'environnement. Quels risques pour la santé? 1999 .., Carences nutritionnelles. Etiologies et dépistage. 1999 .., Vaccinations. Actualités et perspectives. 1999 .., Éthers de glycol. Quels risques pour la santé? 1999 .., Obésité. Dépistage et prévention chez l'enfant. 2000 .., Asthme et rhinites d'origine professionnelle. 2000 .., Lombalgies en milieu professionnel. Quels facteurs de risques et quelle prévention? 2000 .., Dioxines dans l'environnement. Quels risques pour la santé? 2000 .., Hormone replacement therapy. Influence on cardiovascular risk ? 2000 .., Rythmes de l'enfant. De l'horloge biologique aux rythmes scolaires. 2001 Ce logo rappelle que le code de la propriété intellectuelle du 1" juillet 1992 interdit la photocopie à usage collectif sans autorisation des ayants-droits. Le non-respect de cette disposition met en danger l'édition, pratiques consensuelles, qui respectent la dignité des personnes et les déontologies professionnelles. Le présent rapport d'expertise concerne la démarche d'éducation pour la santé auprès des jeunes, en particulier au sein du milieu privilégié qu'est l'école; il montre bien le chemin qui reste à parcourir pour mettre en évidence et en pratique la notion de préservation du « capital santé », en tant que complément indispensable à la notion de prévention des risques et des maladies. Il met l'accent sur l'intérêt de différents types de continuums à prendre en compte dans les stratégies utilisées: cohérence des programmes d'éducation pour la santé, de leur justification (objectifs) à leur mise en oeuvre; liens entre les actions proposées aux différents âges scolaires; articulation entre l'individuel et le collectif, approches inséparables dans les pratiques d'éducation pour la santé.

In maintaining a clean and healthy home or workplace, it's essential to know the types of cleaning services available. Whether you're trying to maintain a sparkling home or ensuring that your office environment is free from dust and dirt, understanding the difference between standard cleaning and deep cleaning is crucial. While both cleaning services aim to improve cleanliness, they vary significantly in terms of the depth and thoroughness of the process. So, what is the difference between standard cleaning and deep cleaning? Let's dive deeper into what each service involves, the benefits of both, and when you might need one over the other. What Is Standard Cleaning? Standard cleaning refers to the routine cleaning tasks that are carried out regularly to maintain a home or workspace. It's typically focused on surface-level

Σε ένα συνεχώς μεταβαλλόμενο και απαιτητικό εργασιακό περιβάλλον όλο και
περισσότεροι εργαζόμενοι στον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης επηρεάζονται από το φαινόμενο
της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης. Η παρούσα έρευνα εστιάζει στη διερεύνηση του επιπέδου
επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης των εργαζομένων στα Κέντρα Διεπιστημονικής Αξιολόγησης
Συμβουλευτικής & Υποστήριξης (ΚΕ.Δ.Α.Σ.Υ) της Γ΄ Αθήνας, της Περιφερειακής Διεύθυνσης
Πρωτοβάθμιας και Δευτεροβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης Αττικής. Για το σκοπό της έρευνας
χρησιμοποιήθηκε η κλίμακα επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης των Maslach & Jackson η οποία
διαιρείται σε τρεις υποκλίμακες που μετρούν τις τρεις διαστάσεις του συνδρόμου
(συναισθηματική εξάντληση, αποπροσωποποίηση και προσωπικά επιτεύγματα). Το δείγμα
της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν οι εργαζόμενοι των ΚΕ.Δ.Α.Σ.Υ. Γ΄ Αθήνας. Από τα αποτελέσματα της
έρευνας προέκυψε ότι οι εργαζόμενοι στα ΚΕ.Δ.Α.Σ.Υ. Γ΄ Αθήνας παρουσιάζουν χαμηλή
συναισθηματική εξάντληση, ενώ το επίπεδο των διαστάσεων αποπροσωποποίηση και
προσωπικά επιτεύγματα χαρακτηρίζεται ως μέτριο. Επιπλέον, προέκυψαν διαφοροποιήσεις
των επιπέδων της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης των εργαζομένων σε συνάρτηση με τα
δημογραφικά και τα επαγγελματικά τους χαρακτηριστικά.

The present article is a theoretical study of the principle of cleaning and disinfection that aims to promote reflection on the role of care in Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI) prevention with emphasis on practical recommendations. The source of the infections can be endogenous or exogenous in operation room. By sterile environment in operation theatres major part of such exogenous infections can be controlled. Proper ventilation, air circulation, temperature, maintenance of sterile environment in operation theatres plays key role in prevention of such infections. Steps for maintaining sterile environment include cleaning and disinfection of operation theatres by various means like chemical disinfection or disinfection with ultraviolet radiation [2]. Along with this surgical instruments also can be a source of exogenous infections. So cleaning, lubrication, packing and sterilization of instruments are essential for prevention of surgical site infections [6]. The article outli...

This paper shows the general design conditions about ergonomics and safety for control centers in the petrochemical process industry. Some of the topics include guidelines for the optimized workstation design, control room layout, building layout, and lighting, acoustical and environmental design. Also takes into account the safety parameters in the control rooms and centers design. The conditions and parameters shown in this paper come from the standards and global advances on this topic on the most recent publications. And also the work was supplemented by field visits of our team to the control center operations in a petrochemical company, and technical literature search efforts. This guideline will be useful to increase the productivity and improve the working conditions at the control rooms.

The study focused on examining the burnout experienced by basketball referees, a group of sports officials who play an important role in ensuring game fairness and integrity. The purpose of the study was to examine the burnout causes and consequences among basketball referees. Research and relevant research findings published in English, Spanish and Greek were reviewed based on specific inclusion criteria. Results on burnout factors focused on fear of failure, lack of fitness and psychological preparation, lack of support from sports organizations, indifference, and lack of concentration. These factors can cause stress that may affect the effectiveness of the referees and the decisions they make. In addition, referees have to deal with family obligations and a negative image from the public, factors that contribute to their emotional exhaustion. Referees with a lack of emotional intelligence and mental resilience showed a greater propensity to burnout. Subsequently, the study highlighted the consequences of burnout and their impact on the professional, personal,
and social environment of basketball referees. The effects of burnout are multifaceted, encompassing heightened levels of stress, emotional exhaustion, decreased self-esteem, and reduced resilience, all of which can negatively impact officiating performance. Additionally, burnout
can lead to reduced motivation, decreased commitment to officiating duties, lack of concentration, pressure associated with making quick decisions during games, and can exacerbate existing family and professional problems.
KEY WORDS: performance, emotional exhaustion, anxiety, depersonalization, review

This paper presents two research tools that could be used in combination in order to
explore University professors’ different teaching perspectives and the kind of critical
reflection that underpins these perspectives. It is about Pratt & Collins’ “Teaching
Perspectives Inventory” (TPI) and Kreber & Cranton’s “Scholarship of Teaching”
(SofT) model. SofT model distinguishes between three domains of teaching
knowledge (Curricular, Pedagogial/Psychological and Instructional) and three kinds
of critical reflection (Content, Process and critical reflection of Assumptions) that
could underpin each one of the aforementioned domains. Provided that research
results have revealed possible correlations between professors’ beliefs and the level
of their reflectivity, a valid and reliable research tool, as the TPI, adapted to detect
academics’ beliefs about teaching and learning, intentions and teaching actions, is
suggested as a complementary one to the SofT model. Further correlations between
these tools are discussed thoroughly.

Face aux impératifs de reddition de comptes, les organismes ressentent le besoin d'évaluer leurs activités en transfert des connaissances (TC) afin d'en démontrer la pertinence et de s'assurer d'un réel retour sur leur investissement. Plusieurs cadres de référence pour l'évaluation du TC ont été développés au cours des dix dernières années. Ils offrent des conceptualisations différentes pour tenir compte du processus de TC, des types d'utilisation, ou des retombées possibles. Toutefois, plusieurs visent à cerner l'impact de la recherche de façon générale, et ne portent pas spécifiquement sur les effets des stratégies de TC. De plus, ils demeurent théoriques et difficiles à appliquer en contexte organisationnel. Le présent article propose une première itération de cadre pour guider les organisations dans l'appréciation des retombées de leurs stratégies de TC. Il s'emploie surtout à présenter les principales composantes sur lesquelles s'appuie cette proposition, à la lumière de la recension des écrits effectuée dans les domaines de la santé et de la santé publique. Au total, 29 cadres conceptuels portant sur l'évaluation et sur les stratégies de TC ont été analysés. Les trois principales composantes qui s'en dégagent sont mises en relation à l'intérieur du cadre : 1-les objectifs de TC comme point de départ de l'évaluation; 2-les stratégies de TC classifiées en fonction des objectifs; et 3-les retombées à court, moyen et long terme, également classifiées en fonction des objectifs. Cette pré-conceptualisation nécessite d'être discutée et validée afin de raffiner notre compréhension en matière d'évaluation des stratégies de TC. Mots-clés : Évaluation, Stratégies de transfert des connaissances, Cadre conceptuel, Retombées 1. Chaire d'étude CJM-IU-UQÀM sur l'application des connaissances dans le domaine des jeunes et des familles en difficulté-Courriel:

Utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, following the descriptive evaluative design and survey technique, this research evaluated the extent of practice and implementation of the Clean, Healthy, Safe and Friendly (CHSF) school environment program of Saint Mary's University. Further, it sought to collect data regarding compliance and problems of stakeholders of schools to sustain this institutionalized program where students, office staff, faculty members, the administrators and other stakeholders could mutually collaborate and complement each other. Findings revealed that behavioral guidelines in the libraries, faculty rooms, canteens, laboratories and offices are being practiced to a great extent while those in the classrooms, comfort rooms, school grounds, buildings, and the places where class shows or presentations are held are being followed to a moderate extent. The extent of implementation, in general, on the goals and objectives is at a very good level. Results also showed that there are no significant differences in the perceptions of respondents on the extent of practice and implementation according to their classifications. Foremost of the recommendations is that the CHSF program must have, or at least attached to, a distinct office with strong power and mandate for the efficient performance of the general and specific behavioral guidelines as well as the implementation of the monitoring scheme and plan for its sustainable development.

In every household, the presence of mold can be a significant concern. Not only does it affect the aesthetics of your home, but it can also have adverse health effects on you and your family. Mold thrives in damp and humid conditions, making it essential to take preventive measures and know the key steps for mold remediation. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore how to prevent mold growth and what to do if you discover it in your home.

The authors of the present document, who are researchers at the Observatoire des réformes en éducation (ORÉ) of the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), offer some theoretical and practical reflections on the use of the concept of competence as an organizing principle for programs of study. Beginning with an analysis of the notion of competence as this is conceived and used in certain disciplinary fields, they go on to propose a situated perspective.

Η έρευνα αυτή αποτελεί μια πιλοτική και αρχική μελέτη του τόσο πολυσυζητημένου θέματος της υποκειμενικής ευεξίας και συγκεκριμένα στην εκπαίδευση και μια σφυγμομέτρηση του τρόπου με τον οποίο οι εκπαιδευτικοί βλέπουν και αισθάνονται γενικότερα τη ζωή και πόσο αυτό συνδέεται με την ικανοποίηση και το συναίσθημα από την εργασία. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 90 εκπαιδευτικοί της πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης (29 άνδρες και 61 γυναίκες) από 24 έως 60 ετών, με μέση ηλικία τα 40 έτη. Στα ερωτηματολόγια χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την Υποκειμενική Ευεξία, το Oxford Happiness Scale (Hills & Argyle, 2001), η κλίμακα 12 προτάσεων Brayfield & Rothe (1951) για τη μέτρηση της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης καθώς και η κλίμακα 20 επιθέτων (Job Affect Scale, Brief et al, 1988) για τη μέτρηση των συναισθημάτων στην εργασία. Παράλληλα προκειμένου να ελεγχθούν οι παράγοντες ευεξίας δημιουργήθηκαν τρεις υποκατηγορίες της (Fumham & Brewin, 1990): «Επίτευγμα και Ικανοποίηση», «Απόλαυση και ευχαρίστηση» κα...

Nowadays, in order to take steady steps towards the transformation of the modern school, the transition from the hierarchical model of school administration to a participatory leadership model, sharing of control and responsibilities is required, which focuses on the teacher’s empowerment, through the provision of opportunities for motivation, autonomous action and professional development. The aim of the paper is to study the supportive mechanisms of teacher’s empowerment, developed by a principal who acts as a leader, in order to cope with their multiple responsibilities, contributing dynamically to the success of the mission of the school organization. The results showed that a school leadership, which creates quality opportunities for teacher’s empowerment, has a catalytic eff ect on collective engagement, joint commitment, innovative action, job satisfaction, but also the high performance of their students, contributing signifi cantly to the reform of the educational landscape.

Οι εκπαιδευτικοί στη χώρα μας εκτέθηκαν σε στρεσσογόνες συνθήκες
εργασία τόσο κατά την περίοδο της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης όσο και
μεταγενέστερα. Η παρούσα έρευνα εστιάζει στη διερεύνηση της επαγγελματικής
εξουθένωσης των εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης.
Αρχικά παρουσιάζεται μια θεωρητική εισαγωγή και στη συνέχεια αναφέρονται τα
αποτελέσματα έρευνας που πραγματοποιήθηκε το φθινόπωρο του 2022 από την
Περιφερειακή Δ/νση Πρωτοβάθμιας και Δευτεροβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης Αττικής σε όλα
τα σχολεία πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης Αττικής και στην οποία
συμμετείχαν 2391 εκπαιδευτικοί. Για την έρευνα χρησιμοποιήθηκε η κλίμακα
επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης των Maslach και Jackson η οποία αποτελείται από 22
ερωτήσεις και διαιρείται σε 3 υποκλίμακες που αντιπροσωπεύουν τις 3 διαστάσεις της
επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης (Συναισθηματική εξάντληση, Αποπροσωποποίηση και
Προσωπικά επιτεύγματα). Από την ανάλυση των δεδομένων προκύπτει ότι το επίπεδο
επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης που αφορά τη Συναισθηματική εξάντληση
χαρακτηρίζεται ως μέτριο, ενώ τα επίπεδα της Αποπροσωποποίησης και Προσωπικών
επιτευγμάτων χαρακτηρίζονται ως υψηλά. Ακολουθεί η ανάλυση και ερμηνεία των
αποτελεσμάτων και στο τέλος παρουσιάζονται τα Συμπεράσματα – Προτάσεις.

Στόχος της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν να διερευνήσει τις σχέσεις της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης των δασκάλων με το κλίμα που επικρατεί στο σχολείο τους, όπως το αντιλαμβάνονται οι ίδιοι οι δάσκαλοι. Επίσης, στους στόχους της έρευνας ήταν να διερευνήσει και τις επιδράσεις που ασκούν το φύλο και η επαγγελματική εμπειρία των δασκάλων στη διαμόρφωση της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησής τους και του σχολικού κλίματος. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 209 δάσκαλοι και δασκάλες. Η μέτρηση της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης έγινε με το Job Satisfaction Index. Η μέτρηση του σχολικού κλίματος έγινε με το Revised School Level Environment Questionnaire. Η επαγγελματική εμπειρία των δασκάλων μετρήθηκε με βάση τα έτη υπηρεσίας τους. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η επαγγελματική ικανοποίηση των δασκάλων συσχετίζεται και με το κλίμα του σχολείου τους. Επίσης, από τα αποτελέσματα φάνηκε ότι το φύλο δεν αποτελεί σημαντικό παράγοντα διαφοροποίησης της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης, αλλά διαφοροποιεί σε κάποιο βαθμό ο...

La cyberviolence dans les relations amoureuses des jeunes : synthèse de connaissances sur l'efficacité des programmes de prévention JUIN 2022 SYNTHÈSE DES CONNAISSANCES AUTEUR ET AUTRICES Dave Poitras, conseiller scientifique spécialisé Maude Lachapelle, conseillère scientifique Marie-Pascale Roy, conseillère scientifique Dominique Gagné, conseillère scientifique Direction du développement des individus et des communautés SOUS LA COORDINATION DE Dominique Gagné, conseillère scientifique Caroline Delisle, cheffe d'unité scientifique Direction du développement des individus et des communautés COLLABORATRICE ET COLLABORATEUR Mahée Lacourse, bibliothécaire Direction de la valorisation scientifique et qualité Ernest Lo, conseiller scientifique spécialisé Bureau d'information et d'études en santé des populations RÉVISEURES

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

The school, in conjunction with the family, is one of the key setting where individual and social development occurred. The health promoting school is based on a social model of health. This emphasizes the entire organization of the school, as well as focusing upon the individual. Paper describes the development of health promoting schools movement (from practice to policy), main principles and concepts, differences between school health promotion and health promoting schools. Special emphases is given to the criteria and set of guidelines towards which schools aspiring to the status of health promoting school were required to work.

prévention de la violence et promotion des relations HarmonieUses fernet et al. Prévention de la violence et promotion des relations harmonieuses et égalitaires : regard croisé des membres du personnel et des étudiantes et étudiants de niveau collégial mylène fernet et martine Hébert Université du Québec à Montréal Jean-françois cardinal, Huguette Guay, danielle Bédard et Geneviève perreault Cégep Marie-Victorin RÉSUMÉ la violence dans les relations amoureuses (vra) est associée à d'importantes répercussions sur la santé mentale des jeunes. considérant le peu d'interventions préventives sur la vra leur étant destinées, cette étude vise à contraster les perspectives du personnel collégial (n = 57) et des étudiants et étudiantes (n = 278). les résultats suggèrent des connaissances plutôt justes par rapport à la violence et des attitudes positives face à la prévention. toutefois, certaines barrières sont identifiées, dont le manque d'outils de prévention et la surcharge de travail. ces résultats renforcent la nécessité d'offrir des activités de formation et des outils pédagogiques pour soutenir la prévention de la vra en milieu collégial. Mots clés : violence dans les relations amoureuses, jeunes adultes, prévention, promotion de la santé mylène fernet, ph.d., département de sexologie, Université du Québec à montréal; martine Hébert, ph.d., département de sexologie, Université du Québec à montréal; Jean-françois cardinal, mps., département de travail social, cégep marie-victorin; Huguette Guay, t.s., département de travail social, cégep marie-victorin; danielle Bédard, mé.d., m.a., csss pointe-de-l'île, service des affaires étudiantes, cégep marie-victorin; Geneviève perreault, m.a., département sciences sociales, cégep marie-victorin. cette recherche découle d'un soutien financier du centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la violence familiale et la violence faite aux femmes (cri-viff) et de l'équipe évissa (équipe sur la violence sexuelle et la santé). les auteurs souhaitent remercier les étudiantes et étudiants ainsi que les membres du personnel qui ont si généreusement accepté de participer à cette étude. ils tiennent aussi à remercier mesdames odette lussier et catherine paquin-Boivin pour leur participation au processus de recherche, de même qu'à souligner la précieuse collaboration des professionnelles de recherche, manon robichaud et mélanie st-Hilaire, lors des étapes de rédaction. la correspondance concernant cet article devrait être acheminée à mylène fernet, département de sexologie, Université du Québec à montréal, montréal (Québec), canada, tél.:

Introduction: Renewed conceptual frameworks focusing on well-being, resiliency, and positive youth development, have caused a major shift in the focus of policy and intervention strategies aimed at reducing adolescent risk behaviours. The World Health Organization-Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (WHO-HBSC) cross-national survey has monitored these changes throughout the past three decades in over 45 countries in Europe and North America.

Cleaning the floor at home with the existing cleaner vacuum do not solve the problem of odor, and exposure to germs and bacteria in the air escaping from the vacuum cleaner. Fragrance and hygienic vacuum cleaner is a product or device used in conjunction with vacuum cleaner to use to reduce odors and bacteria eliminate contained in the air from vacuum cleaner. This product can be used to vacuum cleaner blower type with funnel or without funnel blower. This product is easy to use, and may take place. Tools and hygienic fragrance is refillable, cleanable and can be replaced. Two parts to facilitate the use of special input on any type of vacuum cleaner. Fragrance and hygienic vacuum cleaner has a small size and easily stored and durable and environmentally friendly.

Cet article décrit la démarche d’un groupe de chercheurs destinée à améliorer la compréhension des processus menant à l’appropriation de nouvelles pratiques pédagogiques et éducatives par le personnel scolaire. Les nombreuses difficultés qu’éprouvent les écoles à maintenir des programmes spécifiques ou encore à traduire en actions concertées et durables un plan ministériel sont autant d’exemples de la nécessité de mieux comprendre ce processus d’appropriation dont l’aboutissement ultime se caractérise par la maîtrise, mais également par l’intégration durable de nouvelles pratiques dans le mode d’action et la façon d’être de l’intervenant scolaire. La démarche que nous proposons vise à élaborer un cadre théorique qui intègre les quatre grandes dimensions associées au changement ainsi que les différentes phases temporelles essentielles à l’acquisition de nouvelles pratiques. Cet article retrace les étapes de notre démarche de travail collectif qui doit conduire à la construction d’un ...

During the last six years, teachers in Greece, experienced a dramatic reduction in their earnings. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, as adapted for teachersGr in Greece, was used to assess the perceived level of burnout among secondary school teachers in the region of Achaia, West Greece. The results indicate high level of professional burnout, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment, but low depersonalization in the teachers. There was a significant effect of personal factors on the perceived level of burnout. Age, length of service and number of children, had a moderating effect on burnout levels. Compared to men, women expressed higher level of burnout. The results indicate that teachers had high levels of personal accomplishment, while depersonalization was higher in teachers with less than five years of service. It would be interesting to further investigate the changes in the elements of work burnout in different subjects and levels of education.

Cet article analyse les politiques et mesures publiques mises en oeuvre depuis 2006 au Québec afin que l’aménagement du territoire devienne plus propice à l’adoption d’un mode de vie physiquement actif et d’une saine alimentation. L’analyse est fondée sur un inventaire et un codage caractérisant les mesures qui tentent de modifier l’environnement physique, pour influencer l’alimentation, l’utilisation du transport actif et public, de même que la pratique d’activités physiques diverses. Nous comparons ces mesures québécoises adoptées par les autorités locales, régionales et nationales aux recommandations scientifiques en promotion des saines habitudes de vie. Cette comparaison a été soumise à un processus délibératif incluant experts et parties prenantes. L’article présente des recommandations quant aux stratégies d’aménagement du territoire les plus prometteuses pour favoriser un mode de vie physiquement actif et une saine alimentation aux niveaux local, régional et national, ainsi ...

Στόχος της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η μελέτη της επαγγελματικής
εξουθένωσης και της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης των εκπαιδευτικών, των μελών του Ειδικού Βοηθητικού Προσωπικού (ΕΒΠ)
και του Ειδικού Εκπαιδευτικού Προσωπικού (ΕΕΠ) κατά τη διάρκεια
της πανδημίας COVID-19. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 758 άτομα που εργάζονταν σε σχολεία γενικής ή ειδικής αγωγής, σε ΚΕΣΥ ή σε ιδιωτικά πλαίσια, στους οποίους χορηγήθηκε ένα ερωτηματολόγιο δημογραφικών στοιχείων, η κλίμακα Επαγγελματικής Εξουθένωσης (Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey, MBI-HSS) και η κλίμακα Καταγραφής της Επαγγελματικής Ικανοποίησης (ESI). Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι υπάρχουν διαφορές ανάμεσα στα εργασιακά πλαίσια ως προς τα επίπεδα των παραγόντων της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης και της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης. Επίσης, οι παράγοντες της επαγγελματικής ικανοποίησης καθώς και οι δημογραφικές μεταβλητές προέβλεψαν τις διαστάσεις της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης.

Στόχος της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης και της γενικευμένης αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας των εκπαιδευτικών, των μελών του Ειδικού Βοηθητικού Προσωπικού (ΕΒΠ) και του Ειδικού Εκπαιδευτικού Προσωπικού (ΕΕΠ) κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας Covid-19. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 758 άτομα που εργάζονταν σε σχολεία γενικής ή ειδικής αγωγής (ΣΜΕΑΕ), σε Κέντρα Εκπαιδευτικής και Συμβουλευτικής Υποστήριξης (ΚΕΣΥ) ή σε ιδιωτικά πλαίσια. Στους συμμετέχοντες χορηγήθηκε συστοιχία ερωτηματολογίων αναφορικά με δημογραφικά στοιχεία, την κλίμακα Επαγγελματικής Εξουθένωσης (Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey, MBI-HSS) και την κλίμακα Γενικευμένης Αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας (General Self-Efficacy Scale, GSE). Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας εμφάνισαν αρνητική συσχέτιση της γενικευμένης αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας με τη συναισθηματική εξάντληση και την αποπροσωποποίηση και θετική με την αίσθηση προσωπικών επιτευγμάτων. Επιπλέον, βρέθηκαν διαφορές ως προς τη γενικευμένη αυτοαποτελεσματικότητα ανάμεσα στις ειδικότητες των εργαζομένων.

Cette étude porte sur la nature, la complexité et le champ d’inscription des actions en éducation à la santé, menées à l’école primaire au Québec et en France. Les résultats montrent qu’au Québec, le rapport à soi est le plus travaillé alors qu’en France, c’est le rapport à l’autre. Au Québec, les actions ont tendance à être proportionnellement plus nombreuses qu’en France à combiner plusieurs rapports et à s’inscrire dans la promotion d’un mode de vie actif plutôt que sous d’autres thématiques de santé.

This paper presents a three-stage study aiming to investigate whether – and to what extent – the examinations for the certificate of attainment in Greek have positive washback to the teaching of Greek as a foreign language. We briefly discuss prevailing models for the investigation of the washback effect as well as the methodology and the models selected for the survey, the subjects chosen, the outcomes of the first phase (1996-1998) and the current results of the second phase (2004-2006). We also state the procedure to be followed and the items to be investigated during phase three (2007-2008), at the end of which the final and detailed results will be available.

The establishment of collaborative practices between the school, the family and the community (SFC) appears as a key issue to maximize the chances of success of students. However, it is difficult to identify these practices because they are very diverse in terms of types and frequency of activities and partners involved depending on the school, the level of education (preschool, primary and secondary) and the characteristics of students and their families (socioeconomic status, recent immigration, integration of students with special needs, etc.) (De Saedeleer et al., 2004, Larivée, Terrisse et Kalubi, 2006). But what about SFC collaboration in context of private schools and effective schools? What are the types of preferred practices? What are the conditions of realization and the management modalities of the SFC collaboration? In this text, we address these issues related to SFC collaborative practices by specifically studying the situation of a private school deemed effective in ...

Selon le Traite de sante publique, il existe trois categories d’education pour la sante : primaire,secondaire, tertiaire. L’education primaire est toute action educative visant a renforcer l’etat de sante.L’education secondaire consiste en des mesures educatives visant a eviter l’accident de sante ou,dans le cas ou il est deja intervenu, a restaurer le plus rapidement, un nouvel etat de sante.L’education tertiaire etant toute intervention educative visant a faire « vivre au mieux » les sequellesde l’accident. L’education a la sante intervient donc en amont et en aval de la maladie ou de l’accidentde sante.L’education sanitaire trouve sa justification dans les donnees de sante publique qui soulignentaujourd’hui l’importance des comportements comme facteurs explicatifs de la majorite des decesconsideres comme prematures et evitables, particulierement chez les jeunes. Il est generalementadmis que le cout de l’education est bien inferieur aux gains pouvant etre realises. Ce cout est par...

During the last six years, teachers in Greece, experienced a dramatic reduction in their earnings. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, as adapted for teachersGr in Greece, was used to assess the perceived level of burnout among secondary school teachers in the region of Achaia, West Greece. The results indicate high level of professional burnout, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment, but low depersonalization in the teachers. There was a significant effect of personal factors on the perceived level of burnout. Age, length of service and number of children, had a moderating effect on burnout levels. Compared to men, women expressed higher level of burnout. The results indicate that teachers had high levels of personal accomplishment, while depersonalization was higher in teachers with less than five years of service. It would be interesting to further investigate the changes in the elements of work burnout in different subjects and levels of education.

Contexte : Avec la creation de la Charte d'Ottawa en 1986, la promotion de la sante est devenu un incontournable pour ameliorer la sante des populations et reduire les inegalites sociales. Cependant, l'approche de la promotion de la sante necessite une concertation intersectorielle pour la planification des interventions. Par son contact repete avec les patients et leur environnement et par sa formation favorisant l'approche reflexive, l'infirmiere peut assumer un leadership important dans la planification de ces interventions. Toutefois, malgre une formation academique theorique sur la promotion de la sante, les infirmieres sont hesitante et peu confiante dans la planification d'interventions de promotion de la sante (Abed, 2011). Afin que celles-ci puissent assumer leur leadership, il est necessaire de developper une formation en lien avec la planification d'interventions de promotion de la sante qui est davantage lie a la pratique et qui utilise des modele...

Positive relationships are widely considered to be one of the pillars of well-being. Their boosting effect on emotional and physical health has repeatedly been documented by experimental and longitudinal studies. Despite their instrumental role, the existing literature does not offer systematic observations of their nature and characteristics. In this paper, we aim to explore the specific characteristics of positive relationships. We conducted a thorough research of the existing most recent literature and grouped our findings according to the following two research questions: (a) the kind of relationships that are positive in people's lives and, (b) the way positive relationships relate and support well-being. Our findings suggested that specific relationships are examined with respect to different age groups, e.g. peer relationships in adolescence or marital relationships in adulthood. All relationships described as positive at each developmental stage are correlated with wellb...

Slip and trip accidents in the healthcare sector continue to be a cause for concern. Over 50% of RIDDOR reported major injuries in this sector are related to slips, trips and falls, both to staff and to patients. These accidents often result in serious injury and due to the vulnerability of the client group, in some cases have contributed to fatalities. Such accidents also result in significant cost to the NHS as a result of lost time, additional care requirements and financial claims by those suffering injury. The selection of suitable flooring is an important factor in the prevention of slips, as required by the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992. As such, where the floor will get wet or contaminated in normal use, the floor should not be slippery. Increased slip resistance of floor coverings can control the slip risk in some hospital environments, especially areas likely to become wet or subject to other surface contamination. However, there continues to be inconsistency in floor specifications in hospitals with the selection of smooth floors in many areas being common practice. NHS Trusts have raised concerns about the potential for the texture of slip resistant surfaces to adversely affect hygienic cleaning of floors, resulting in increased infection risk. The current research was carried out to compare the levels of bacterial contamination remaining after cleaning, for floors with a range of slip resistance. This report and the work it describes were funded by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Its contents, including any opinions and/or conclusions expressed, are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect HSE policy.

The present article is a theoretical study of the principle of cleaning and disinfection that aims to promote reflection on the role of care in Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI) prevention with emphasis on practical recommendations. The source of the infections can be endogenous or exogenous in operation room. By sterile environment in operation theatres major part of such exogenous infections can be controlled. Proper ventilation, air circulation, temperature, maintenance of sterile environment in operation theatres plays key role in prevention of such infections. Steps for maintaining sterile environment include cleaning and disinfection of operation theatres by various means like chemical disinfection or disinfection with ultraviolet radiation [2]. Along with this surgical instruments also can be a source of exogenous infections. So cleaning, lubrication, packing and sterilization of instruments are essential for prevention of surgical site infections [6]. The article outli...

Introduction Les agences provinciales, nationales et internationales de santé publique reconnaissent l’importance des politiques en matière de nutrition en milieu scolaire, qui contribuent à instaurer des environnements sains respectant les recommandations en matière d’alimentation saine à l’intention des jeunes. Le soutien à l’échelle de l’école d’un mode de vie sain reposant sur les piliers de l’approche globale de la santé en milieu scolaire (milieux social et physique; enseignement et apprentissage; politique de santé en milieu scolaire; partenariats et services) a été positivement associé à des améliorations encourageantes des comportements des élèves en matière de santé. Notre étude a utilisé l’approche globale de la santé en milieu scolaire pour classifier, comparer et décrire le soutien à une alimentation saine lors de la mise en oeuvre de la Politique de l’Ontario concernant les aliments et les boissons dans les écoles (N P/P 150). Méthodologie Nous avons recueilli des donn...

L’entraîneur de hockey est un acteur qui peut intervenir dans des actions de promotion de la santé. Son implication dans ce type d’action sera conditionnelle à la représentation sociale de ce groupe sur ce qu’est la santé. L’objectif de l’article est de documenter la représentation sociale (RS) de la santé d’entraîneurs de hockey, documenté et exploité dans le cadre d’un processus de légitimation des savoirs avec Hockey Québec. La méthodologie s’appuie sur un dispositif de triangulation des données obtenues par un questionnaire et des entrevues individuelles. Un échantillon de 330 personnes a répondu au questionnaire et de ce nombre, 12 entraîneurs ont participé aux entrevues. Des analyses catégorielles et prototypiques ont été réalisées sur des associations de mots tirés du questionnaire ainsi qu’une analyse thématique pour les entrevues. L’étude permet de faire ressortir la structure de la RS avec trois conceptions différentes et six dimensions qui offrent des éléments pour juger ...