Freshwater Mitosporic Fungi

A survey of freshwater ascomycetes conducted along an elevational gradient in Perú in the Districts of Cusco, Junín, and Madre de Dios yielded specimens of Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii, Sporoschisma juvenile, S. uniseptatum, and S. saccardoi. With the exception of S. saccardoi, these are new records for Perú. Molecular data was generated for three previously unsequenced species: Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii and Sporoschisma saccardoi. These taxa are reported herein from the neotropics with an accompanying phylogeny based on partial 28S nuclear ribosomal large-subunit sequence data. The sexual morph of S. saccardoi has previously been linked to Melanochaeta hemipsila through cultural studies. Molecular data from ascospores and conidia of M. hemipsila and S. saccardoi, respectively, ZHUH XVHG WR GHPRQVWUDWH D JHQHWLF FRQQHFWLRQ RI WKH VH[XDO DQG DVH[XDO PRUSKV RI WKHVH IXQJL IRU WKH ¿UVW time, resulting in the new combination Sporoschisma hemipsila being made.

A survey of freshwater ascomycetes conducted along an elevational gradient in Perú in the Districts of Cusco, Junín, and Madre de Dios yielded specimens of Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii, Sporoschisma juvenile, S. uniseptatum, and S. saccardoi. With the exception of S. saccardoi, these are new records for Perú. Molecular data was generated for three previously unsequenced species: Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii and Sporoschisma saccardoi. These taxa are reported herein from the neotropics with an accompanying phylogeny based on partial 28S nuclear ribosomal large-subunit sequence data. The sexual morph of S. saccardoi has previously been linked to Melanochaeta hemipsila through cultural studies. Molecular data from ascospores and conidia of M. hemipsila and S. saccardoi, respectively, ZHUH XVHG WR GHPRQVWUDWH D JHQHWLF FRQQHFWLRQ RI WKH VH[XDO DQG DVH[XDO PRUSKV RI WKHVH IXQJL IRU WKH ¿UVW time, resulting in the new combination Sporoschisma hemipsila being made.

Submersisphaeria palmae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from petioles, rachides and trunks of palms at Sirindhorn Peat Swamp Forest, Narathiwat, in southern Thailand. This species has much smaller ascospores than most previously described species. A key to the five accepted species is given and S. palmae is compared with the most similar taxa. Helicoubisia coronata was collected from the palm, Eleiodoxa conferta, also in the Peat Swamp Forest. Helicoubisia is characterised by erect conidiophores bearing discrete, polyblastic conidiogenous cells at the apex and coiled, pale brown conidia. Helicoubisia and Moorella are discussed and M. monocephala is relegated to synonymy of H. coronata.

Results of an investigation into the fungi associated with submerged wood in Lake Barrine, north Queensland, Australia are reported. Thirty-nine fungi were identified, 15 ascomycetes, 23 deuteromycetes and one basidiomycete. The frequency of occurrence and the effect of the incubation period on the recovery of fungi has also been investigated and is presented. The new species Massarina lunispora and Dactylaria lakebarrinensis, and some other notable species, are described and illustrated.

Two species of Melanochaeta and three species of Sporoschisma are reported from Thailand. Two connections of Sporoschisma and Melanochaeta are confirmed. Melanochaeta hemipsila has Sporoschisma saccardoi as its anamorph with a Chalara synanamorph in culture. Melanochaeta garethjonesii is described as a new species and linked with S. uniseptatum. S. nigroseptatum was recorded but no evidence of a Melanochaeta teleomorph state could be found.

Three new genera are established in the Sordariomycetidae based on morphological and molecular data (SSU and LSU nrDNA) to accommodate five ascomycete species collected from submerged woody debris in freshwater habitats from Costa Rica. The genus Bullimyces contains three new species, B. communis, B. costaricensis and B. aurisporus. Bullimyces is characterized by globose to subglobose, membranous, black, ostiolate ascomata; deliquescent, hyaline, globose cells that fill the center of the centrum; unitunicate asci that deliquesce early in some species; and septate, thick-walled ascospores with or without gelatinous sheaths or appendages. Bullimyces species form a well supported clade with 100% bootstrap support, but the position of the genus in the Sordariomycetidae remains unclear. The second genus, Riomyces, is represented by a single species, R. rotundus. Riomyces is characterized by globose to subglobose, membranous, black, ostiolate ascomata, unitunicate, cylindrical asci, hyaline, globose cells that fill the hamathecium and septate, thick-walled ascospores with a gelatinous sheath. Although Riomyces is morphologically similar to Bullimyces, the two genera did not group together with support in any analysis. The third genus, Hydromelitis, is represented by a single species, H. pulchella. Hydromelitis is characterized by pyriform, membranous, black, ostiolate ascomata, unitunicate asci lacking an apical structure, simple, thin-walled, septate paraphyses and hyaline to golden yellow, multiseptate, thick-walled ascospores with a gelatinous sheath. Bullimyces, Riomyces and Hydromelitis were nested within an unsupported clade consisting of members of the Ophiostomatales, Magnaporthales and freshwater Annulatacaceae sensu lato and sensu stricto.

The anamorphic fungal genus Monotosporella (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes) has been recovered from a piece of Early Eocene Indian amber, as well as from the surface of extant resin flows in New Caledonia. The fossil fungus was obtained from the Tarkeshwar Lignite Mine of Gujarat State, western India, and was part of the biota of an early tropical angiosperm rainforest. The amber inclusion represents the second fossil record of Sordariomycetes, as well as the first fossil of its particular order (either Savoryellales or Chaetosphaeriales). The fossil fungus is distinguished from extant representatives by possessing both short conidiophores and small two-septate pyriform conidia, and is described as Monotosporella doerfeltii sp. nov. Inside the amber, the anamorph is attached to its substrate, which is likely the degraded thallus of a cladoniform lichen. The extant New Caledonian species is assigned to Monotosporella setosa. It was found growing on semi-solidified resin flows of Agathis ovata (Araucariaceae), and is the first record of Monotosporella from modern resin substrates.

A survey of freshwater ascomycetes conducted along an elevational gradient in Perú in the Districts of Cusco, Junín, and Madre de Dios yielded specimens of Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii, Sporoschisma juvenile, S. uniseptatum, and S. saccardoi. With the exception of S. saccardoi, these are new records for Perú. Molecular data was generated for three previously unsequenced species: Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii and Sporoschisma saccardoi. These taxa are reported herein from the neotropics with an accompanying phylogeny based on partial 28S nuclear ribosomal large-subunit sequence data. The sexual morph of S. saccardoi has previously been linked to Melanochaeta hemipsila through cultural studies. Molecular data from ascospores and conidia of M. hemipsila and S. saccardoi, respectively, were used to demonstrate a genetic connection of the sexual and asexual morphs of these fungi for the first time, resulting in the new combination Sporoschisma hemipsila being made.

As part of a survey of freshwater ascomycetes in Florida an unusual discomycete fungus belonging in the Helotiales was found on submerged Pinus needles. This fungus is described and illustrated as a new genus and species, Aquapoterium pinicola, based on morphological data. Aquapoterium pinicola is characterized by minute, hyaline apothecia with an excipulum one cell layer thick of parallel hyphae composed of chains of cells narrow at the basal end and enlarged at the apical end and aseptate ascospores that are surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Analyses of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit DNA sequence data confirmed its placement within the Helotiales but failed to resolve its familial placement.

A new species of the hyphomycete genus Chalara is described. This fungus was isolated several times from roots of healthy and declining oaks (Quercus petraea and Q. robur). It differs from previously described species of Chalara by its septate conidia, the morphology of the phialophores and by colony characteristics.

Pinnoi, A., U. Pinruan, K. D. Hyde, E. H. C. McKenzie & S. Lumyong (2004). Submersisphaeria palmae sp. nov. with a key to species, and notes on Helicoubisia. Sydowia 56 (1): 72-78. Submersisphaeria palmae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from petioles, rachides and trunks of palms at Sirindhorn Peat Swamp Forest, Narathiwat, in southern Thailand. This species has much smaller ascospores than most previously described species. A key to the five accepted species is given and S. palmae is compared with the most similar taxa. Helicoubisia coronata was collected from the palm, Eleiodoxa conferta, also in the Peat Swamp Forest. Helicoubisia is characterised by erect conidiophores bearing discrete, polyblastic conidiogenous cells at the apex and coiled, pale brown conidia. Helicoubisia and Moorella are discussed and M. monocephala is relegated to synonymy of H. coronata.

Chalara siamense sp. novo is described from dead petioles of Eleiodoxa conferta (Arecaceae) collected in Thailand, while a second hyaline species, C. schoenoplecti sp. nov., is described from senescent culms of Schoenoplectus litoralis (Cyperaceae) collected in Hong Kong. They are compared with similar species. Three species informally described by T. Matsushima are given Latin binomials and type specimens indicated, and a key to species described since 1975 is provided.

Two interesting fungi belonging to the genus Cordana have been isolated recently in Spain from plant debris. Both are proposed here as new species, described and illustrated. Cordana mercadiana sp. nov. produces 0-1-septate conidia, with a prominent basal scar. Cordana verruculosa sp. nov. differs from the other species of the genus by its unique combination of aseptate, verruculose and small conidia. Both species are compared morphologically with other species of Cordana and their identities supported by the analysis of rDNA sequences. LSU sequence analysis revealed the congeneric relationship of Cordana and Pseudobotrytis; the members of both genera are in a well supported monophyletic lineage that appears to be related to the Coniochaetales but remains incertae sedis within the Sordariomycetes. To establish nomenclatural stability of the genus Cordana, an isolate of C. pauciseptata is designed here as epitype and the two species of Pseudobotrytis are transferred to Cordana. A dichotomous key is provided to identify the currently accepted species of Cordana.

Two interesting fungi belonging to the genus Cordana have been isolated recently in Spain from plant debris. Both are proposed here as new species, described and illustrated. Cordana mercadiana sp. nov. produces 0-1-septate conidia, with a prominent basal scar. Cordana verruculosa sp. nov. differs from the other species of the genus by its unique combination of aseptate, verruculose and small conidia. Both species are compared morphologically with other species of Cordana and their identities supported by the analysis of rDNA sequences. LSU sequence analysis revealed the congeneric relationship of Cordana and Pseudobotrytis; the members of both genera are in a well supported monophyletic lineage that appears to be related to the Coniochaetales but remains incertae sedis within the Sordariomycetes. To establish nomenclatural stability of the genus Cordana, an isolate of C. pauciseptata is designed here as epitype and the two species of Pseudobotrytis are transferred to Cordana. A dichotomous key is provided to identify the currently accepted species of Cordana.

The order Magnaporthales comprises about 200 species and includes the economically and scientifically important rice blast fungus and the take-all pathogen of cereals, as well as saprotrophs and endophytes. Recent advances in phylogenetic analyses of these fungi resulted in taxonomic revisions. In this paper we list the 28 currently accepted genera in Magnaporthales with their type species and available gene and genome resources. The polyphyletic Magnaporthe 1972 is proposed for suppression, and Pyricularia 1880 and Nakataea 1939 are recommended for protection as the generic names for the rice blast fungus and the rice stem rot fungus, respectively. The rationale for the recommended names is also provided. These recommendations are made by the Pyricularia/Magnaporthe Working Group established under the auspices of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF).

Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis sp. nov. and Spadicoides americana were found on submerged wood from streams in Zhejiang Province, China. Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis is characterized by obclavate to fusiform, 5-6-distoseptate, versicolorous, verruculose conidia with an apical mucilaginous sheath. Spadicoides americana is a new record to China. These taxa are described and illustrated, and morphological differences between these species and their similar species were summarized.

Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis sp. nov. and Spadicoides americana were found on submerged wood from streams in Zhejiang Province, China. Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis is characterized by obclavate to fusiform, 5–6-distoseptate, versicolorous, verruculose conidia with an apical mucilaginous sheath. Spadicoides americana is a new record to China. These taxa are described and illustrated, and morphological differences between these species and their similar species were

With 1 figure Abdullah, s.K., J. cuafro, M.J. Figueras & E. Descals, spanish Hyphomycetes XV. The aero-aquatic genus Helicodendron.-Nova Hedwigia 63: 425-432' summary: six aero-aquatic species of Helicodendron Peyronel were isolated from a variety of submerged decaying leaves and twigs ofdeciduous and coniferous plants collected from several ponds and streams in North catalonia, Spain. These are H. articulatarr Glen-Bott, H. conglomeratum Glen-Bott' H' fractum P.J, Fisher, H. paradoxum Peyronel, H. tubulosum (Riess) Linder, and H. westerdijkiae van Beverw. A brief description from pure culture is provided for each species' All the reported species are new to Spain.

Two species of Melanochaeta and three species of Sporoschisma are reported from Thailand. Two connections of Sporoschisma and Melanochaeta are confirmed. Melanochaeta hemipsila has Sporoschisma saccardoi as its anamorph with a Chalara synanamorph in culture. Melanochaeta garethjonesii is described as a new species and linked with S. uniseptatum. S. nigroseptatum was recorded but no evidence of a Melanochaeta teleomorph state could be found.

A new species of Bactrodesmium, B. aquatica, was collected from northern parts of Western Ghats on submerged herbaceous and woody debris from freshwater streams and reservoirs in Maharashtra and is described. The new submerged-aquatic hyphomycetous fungus is differed from the related species of the genus in size and characteristics of sporodochia and conidia.

We describe the morphology of Cephaliophora tropica based on a specimen retrieved from samples of urban water bodies in Łódź city, central Poland, and isolated by a shed snakeskin bait method. We also review the species' distribution to demonstrate its circumglobal range. With previous records from Hungary and Finland, this is only the third report of C. tropica from Europe.

Conidia of twelve hyphomycete species found in stream foam and leaf litter, and comprising new records for Puerto Rico, are described and illustrated. The genera Chaetendophragmia, Crucispora, Dendrosporium, Dicranidion, Scutisporus, Subulispora and Trinacrium are recorded for the first time in the Island. Conidia of two undescribed species are presented.

An 8-year-old dog presented with several dermal excoriations. Lesion cytology revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation with branching, septate hyphae. A mold identified as Mycoleptodiscus indicus by morphology and sequencing was cultured from fine-needle aspirates. This is the first report of a Mycoleptodiscus species as an etiologic agent in a dog.

During independent surveys for freshwater ascomycetes in Brazil and Costa Rica, two new species, Torrentispora pilosa and Vertexicola ascoliberatus, and nine previously described species were recovered. Among the described species, Annulatascus biatriisporus, Anthostomella aquatica, Tamsiniella labiosa and Torrentispora crassiparietis are reported for the first time from the western hemisphere, Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Chaetosphaeria lignomollis and Jahnula seychellensis are new records for South America and Annulatascus velatisporus and Ophioceras venezuelensis are reported for the first time for Brazil. The description of the genus Torrentispora is emended to accommodate T. pilosa. The new species are described and illustrated and a brief description is provided for all new records.

. Obeliospora minima sp. nov. and four other hyphomycetes with conidia bearing appendages. Fungal Diversity 12: 223-234. Five dematiaceous hyphomycetes with conidia bearing setulae, Obeliospora minima sp. nov., O. basispira, Bahusutrabeeja dwaya, Nawawia filiformis and Phialosporostilbe setosa, are described and illustrated. Obeliospora minima differs from the two known species of the genus, O. basispira and O. triappendiculata, by its smaller conidia with only 3 setulae. All these genera and species are reported for the first time from China.

Two interesting fungi belonging to the genus Cordana have been isolated recently in Spain from plant debris. Both are proposed here as new species, described and illustrated. Cordana mercadiana sp. nov. produces 0-1-septate conidia, with a prominent basal scar. Cordana verruculosa sp. nov. differs from the other species of the genus by its unique combination of aseptate, verruculose and small conidia. Both species are compared morphologically with other species of Cordana and their identities supported by the analysis of rDNA sequences. LSU sequence analysis revealed the congeneric relationship of Cordana and Pseudobotrytis; the members of both genera are in a well supported monophyletic lineage that appears to be related to the Coniochaetales but remains incertae sedis within the Sordariomycetes. To establish nomenclatural stability of the genus Cordana, an isolate of C. pauciseptata is designed here as epitype and the two species of Pseudobotrytis are transferred to Cordana. A dichotomous key is provided to identify the currently accepted species of Cordana.

Freshwater ascomycetes are the predominant fungal colonizers of ligno-cellulosic substrates submerged in freshwater habitats. Although considered important decomposers and a food resource in freshwater food webs, little is known about the influence of environmental factors on their geographical distribution patterns, species richness and community structure. We undertook a study of the distribution of freshwater lignolytic ascomycetes in the Madre de Dios River basin in Peru along an elevational gradient from the headwater regions dominated by the Inambari and Araza Rivers to the lowlands of the Madre de Dios River. The gradient extended from 218 to 3870 m; collections were made at low (\300 m), medium (300-1000 m) and high ([1000 m) elevations. Three separate collecting trips were conducted during the dry seasons over 3 years. Samples of submerged woody debris were returned to the University of Illinois where they were incubated in moist chambers and examined for the presence of sexual and asexual reproductive Communicated by Dirk Sven Schmeller.

Zelski SE, Raja HA, Miller AN, Shearer CA 2011 -Chaetorostrum quincemilensis, gen. et sp. nov., a new freshwater ascomycete and its Taeniolella-like anamorph from Peru. Mycosphere 2(5), 593-600, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/2/5/9/ Collections of woody debris from streams in a lower montaine cloud forest in Peru yielded a novel fungus with affinities to the family Annulatascaceae. Characters which place it in the family Annulatascaceae sensu lato include ascomata which are brown pigmented; long periphysate necks; long tapering septate paraphyses; unitunicate, pedicellate asci with a prominent bipartite J-apical ring; and ascospores with a gelatinous sheath. Examination of morphological characters provided a diagnosis which did not fit with existing genera and species in this family. The combination of features that distinguish this fungus are a pigmented ascoma with a neck which is hyaline at the apex and has prominent black hairs, fasciculate asci with a spine-like pedicellar extension, and versicolored ascospores which are constricted at the midseptum. The fungus also produces its anamorphic state in culture which is the first record of an asexual state in the Annulatascaceae. The new genus Chaetorostrum is erected to accommodate this undescribed fungus. The type species of Chaetorostrum, C. quincemilensis is described, illustrated and compared with other morphologically similar taxa in the family.

Une étude préliminaire des champignons d'eau douce dans un ruisseau dans la zone semi-aride brésilienne a été effectuée. Des échantillons de débris végétaux submergés ont été collectés tous les trois mois entre 2007 et 2009 dans un petit ruisseau dans la « Serra da Jibóia », état de Bahia. Nous décrivons et illustrons deux nouvelles espèces de hyphomycètes, notamment Dactylaria saccardoana et Quadracaea stauroconidia, et nous rapportons 151 taxons comprenant à la fois des champignons meiosporiques et mitosporiques.

A survey of freshwater ascomycetes conducted along an elevational gradient in Perú in the Districts of Cusco, Junín, and Madre de Dios yielded specimens of Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii, Sporoschisma juvenile, S. uniseptatum, and S. saccardoi. With the exception of S. saccardoi, these are new records for Perú. Molecular data was generated for three previously unsequenced species: Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii and Sporoschisma saccardoi. These taxa are reported herein from the neotropics with an accompanying phylogeny based on partial 28S nuclear ribosomal large-subunit sequence data. The sexual morph of S. saccardoi has previously been linked to Melanochaeta hemipsila through cultural studies. Molecular data from ascospores and conidia of M. hemipsila and S. saccardoi, respectively, were used to demonstrate a genetic connection of the sexual and asexual morphs of these fungi for the first time, resulting in the new combination Sporoschisma hemipsila being m...

As part of a survey of freshwater ascomycetes in Florida an unusual discomycete fungus belonging in the Helotiales was found on submerged Pinus needles. This fungus is described and illustrated as a new genus and species, Aquapoterium pinicola, based on morphological data. Aquapoterium pinicola is characterized by minute, hyaline apothecia with an excipulum one cell layer thick of parallel hyphae composed of chains of cells narrow at the basal end and enlarged at the apical end and aseptate ascospores that are surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Analyses of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit DNA sequence data confirmed its placement within the Helotiales but failed to resolve its familial placement.

The first black mildew fungus associated with Apiaceae is collected from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is described, illustrated, and compared morphologically with species reported on hosts belonging to the related Araliaceae. Additionally, two efficient methods for extracting DNA from biotrophic fungi are described. Phylogenetic 28S rDNA sequence analyses confirm Meliolales as a distinct order within Sordariomycetes.

Anamorphic fungi from freshwater habitats in China: Dictyosporium tetrasporum and Exserticlava yunnanensis spp. nov., and two new records for Pseudofuscophialis lignicola and Pseudobotrytis terrestris 2006). Our study of fungal biodiversity in streams in mainland China yielded four interesting anamorphic fungi, Dictyosporium tetrasporum and Exserticlava yunnanensis spp. nov., and the new records Pseudofuscophialis lignicola and Pseudobotrytis terrestris. Each species is provided with description and illustrations, and new species are compared with similar taxa.

A survey of freshwater ascomycetes conducted along an elevational gradient in Perú in the Districts
of Cusco, Junín, and Madre de Dios yielded specimens of Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii,
Sporoschisma juvenile, S. uniseptatum, and S. saccardoi. With the exception of S. saccardoi, these are new
records for Perú. Molecular data was generated for three previously unsequenced species: Cancellidium
applanatum, Cordana abramovii and Sporoschisma saccardoi. These taxa are reported herein from the
neotropics with an accompanying phylogeny based on partial 28S nuclear ribosomal large-subunit sequence
data. The sexual morph of S. saccardoi has previously been linked to Melanochaeta hemipsila through
cultural studies. Molecular data from ascospores and conidia of M. hemipsila and S. saccardoi, respectively,
were used to demonstrate a genetic connection of the sexual and asexual morphs of these fungi for the first
time, resulting in the new combination Sporoschisma hemipsila being made.