Flash Photography

Ekstrakurikuler dapat mendorong pengembangan kompetensi dan kreativitas peserta didik serta dapat menghidupkan laboratorium komputer di sekolah sehingga alat-alat yang ada di sana dapat dirasakan manfaatnya dengan baik, bukan hanya jadi pajangan atau simpanan. Dengan dasar itu, tim di sini merancang kegiatan untuk mendorong aktifnya pengelolaan laboratorium yang berorientasi pada peningkatan kompetensi dan kreativitas peserta didik. Pengabdian di sini dibagi menjadi tiga bagian yakni prapengabdian, pengabdian, dan pascapengabdian yang masing-masing bagiannya terdiri dari berbagai metode. Pada prapengabdian dilakukan asesmen diagnostik yang meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan pre-test. Sementara pengabdian meliputi deskripsi materi, diskusi, praktik langsung, dan asesmen formatif. Terakhir pascapengabdian yang meliputi asesmen sumatif, penulisan laporan, dan penulisan artikel ilmiah. Materi yang dipilih adalah desain sertifikat sebagai langkah awal dengan memanfaatkan Photoshop terhadap 20 peserta didik yang terlibat. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah 100% peserta didik telah memahami dan menguasai desain grafis berupa desain sertifikat pada tingkat dasar yang awalnya 95% dari peserta didik tidak mengetahui dan memahami desain grafis sama sekali. Dengan dasar itu, tim mengklaim pengabdian ini berhasil sesuai dengan apa yang ditargetkan. Selanjutnya, sekolah dapat merencanakan secara terstruktur dan berkala ekstrakurikuler lainnya yang sesuai, diperlukan, dan diminati oleh peserta didik untuk menunjang fungsional laboratorium serta kompetensi dan kreativitas peserta didik.

Ante los retos que en estos inicios del tercer milenio de la era cristiana hemos de afrontar los habitantes del planeta Tierra,¿ qué puede decir y hacer la filosofía? Una vez que los hombres han abierto tantas rutas y explorado prácticamente la totalidad del globo ...

Electric fields radiated by cloud flashes that occurred over the rugged terrain of mountainous country Nepal were recorded, analysed, and compared with those from different geographical regions. The total duration of the flash varies from 80 to 469.5 ms. The majority of the cloud flashes were of two stages: the first stage of the majority of the flashes was found to consist of large microsecond scale bipolar pulses having negative initial polarity and the late stage consists of submicrosecond scale pulses having both positive and negative initial polarities. The average durations of the first and second stages are 11.23 and 66.79 ms, respectively, and the time gap between them is 53.57 ms. The cloud pulses led by the negative initial polarity pulses are more compactly distributed and are higher in mountainous countries as compared to those of flashes lead by positive initial polarity pulses, with the average values of interpulse interval being 211.42 and 309.79 μs, respectively.

The terrestrial gamma ray flash (TGF) is an emission of highly energetic radiation produced by or at least in close association with lightning. Previous investigations attempted to isolate the production mechanisms and production altitude(s) of TGFs as well as macrophysical characteristics, while thunderstorm microphysical characteristics were largely ignored. This investigation into thunderstorms and their hydrometeor and flash characteristics utilize temporal and spatial coincident satellite passes between the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission to determine the bulk (or footprint) microphysical properties of two types of study events, the thunderstorm complexes which are associated with TGFs (TGF case) and the thunderstorm complexes which did not produce a TGF detected by Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager during the pass (non-TGF case). Results are presented for two different comparison methods. The first case utilizes geographic region weighted by TGF distribution, and the second is based on TGF percentage of occurrence when compared to total flash count of data set. Results show that the associated storms around the TGF location possess differences in the hydrometeor concentrations: cloud liquid water, cloud ice, precipitation water, and precipitation ice. These results take place at different levels of the atmosphere, including the mixed phase region. Additionally, results will show that TGFs are a consistent percentage of observed flashes as the rate of TGFs as a function of Lightning Imaging Sensor flash count is relatively constant.

The 21st century is characterized by globalization and technological advances that require students to have critical thinking abilities as part of 21st century skills, such as digital literacy, creative thinking, effective communication, and high productivity. These abilities are important to help students solve problems logically and effectively. For this reason, educators need to create relevant learning scenarios, one of which is through the project-based learning (PjBL) model (Hartini 2017), which is centered on solving problem-based projects. However, students' critical thinking skills in science learning in elementary schools are still not optimal due to the lack of appropriate learning media. This research uses a literature review method using a qualitative approach, explaining that various kinds of digital media inventions, such as educational games, videos, YouTube, PowerPoint, AR/VR, & educational implementation (Ruang Guru, Quipper School, Kelas Pintar), can be effective in improving students' critical thinking skills in science learning.

A pirólise rápida do ácido oleico foi estudada sobre catalisadores com 10% Ni suportados em sílica e alumina. Os catalisadores foram impregnados com 10% m/m de ácido oleico. Os precursores secos e os catalisadores contendo ácido oleico foram caracterizados por análise termogravimétrica. Os catalisadores calcinados foram analisados por difração de raios X (XRD) e redução à temperatura programada (TPR). As amostras com ácido oleico adsorvido foram submetidos à pirólise rápida a 650 °C. A pirólise de ácido oleico puro levou a 10% de conversão, enquanto a pirólise catalítica resultou em praticamente completa conversão. O catalisador NiO/alumina produziu mais hidrocarbonetos do que o NiO/sílica. Os principais produtos obtidos com NiO/sílica foram 1-alcenos, enquanto que os principais produtos obtidos com NiO/alumina foram isômeros de alcenos e aromáticos, e pequenas quantidades de compostos oxigenados, principalmente álcoois. A pirólise rápida de ácido oleico adsorvido em catalisadoras representa um método útil para distinguir as propriedades dos catalisadores e suas diferentes atividades. Flash pyrolysis of oleic acid was studied over 10 wt.% nickel catalysts supported on silica and alumina. The catalysts were impregnated with 10 wt.% oleic acid. The dried precursors and the catalysts containing oleic acid were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis. The calcined catalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). Samples containing adsorbed oleic acid were submitted to flash pyrolysis up to 650 °C. Whereas pyrolysis of oleic acid without catalyst converted only about 10%, the pyrolysis of oleic acid adsorbed on catalysts allowed practically a complete conversion. NiO/alumina yielded a higher amount of liquid hydrocarbons than NiO/silica. The main products obtained with NiO/silica were 1-alkenes, whereas the main products obtained with NiO/alumina were alkene isomers and aromatics. Small amounts of oxygenated compounds were also observed, principally alcohols. The flash pyrolysis of oleic acid adsorbed on different catalyst surfaces appears as a useful way to distinguish activity trends of different catalyst samples.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using Canva-based flashcards in learning, especially at the elementary school level. This study uses library research method by collecting and analyzing data from various relevant literatures, including journals, books, and previous research articles. The literature review shows that Canva-based flashcards have the potential to improve students' vocabulary acquisition, engagement in learning, and learning outcomes. The advantages of Canva-based flashcards lie in the flexibility of design, integration of attractive visual elements and ease of access. This media allows teachers to create learning materials that are interactive, innovative and in line with curriculum needs. The analysis shows that Canva as a design tool provides added value in creating effective learning media, with various studies showing increased student motivation and understanding of the material. However, challenges such as limited teacher competence in using Canva and the need for internet connectivity are also major concerns. This study concludes that Canvabased flashcards are a relevant and effective learning medium, but its implementation requires training support and adequate infrastructure.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Langkah-langkah untuk mengembangkan media interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8 menggunakan prosedur pengembangan model Borg and Gall.Kevalidan media diperoleh dari hasil validasi ahli yang terdiri dari dua ahli media dan dua ahli materi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari ahli materi I 98,33% dan ahli materi II 90% .Hasil yang diperoleh ahli media I 97,5% dan ahli media II 100% dengan kriteria "Sangat Layak Digunakan". Kepraktisan media diperoleh melalui angket tanggapan siswa dan guru kelas II SDN Sidomulyo, SDN 1 Babadan dan SDN Purworejo terhadap media interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8. Hasil angket tanggapan siswa kelas II SDN Sidomulyo 98,73%, SDN 1 Babadan 98,88%, dan SDN Purworejo 100%. Hasil angket tanggapan guru kelas II SDN Sidomulyo 97,5%, SDN 1 Babadan 97,5% dan SDN Purworejo 100% dengan kriteria "Sangat Layak Digunakan". Kesimpulan bahwa media interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8 valid dan praktis digunakan pada tema pengalamanku kelas II Sekolah Dasar.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Langkah-langkah untuk mengembangkan media interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8 menggunakan prosedur pengembangan model Borg and Gall.Kevalidan media diperoleh dari hasil validasi ahli yang terdiri dari dua ahli media dan dua ahli materi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari ahli materi I 98,33% dan ahli materi II 90% .Hasil yang diperoleh ahli media I 97,5% dan ahli media II 100% dengan kriteria "Sangat Layak Digunakan". Kepraktisan media diperoleh melalui angket tanggapan siswa dan guru kelas II SDN Sidomulyo, SDN 1 Babadan dan SDN Purworejo terhadap media interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8. Hasil angket tanggapan siswa kelas II SDN Sidomulyo 98,73%, SDN 1 Babadan 98,88%, dan SDN Purworejo 100%. Hasil angket tanggapan guru kelas II SDN Sidomulyo 97,5%, SDN 1 Babadan 97,5% dan SDN Purworejo 100% dengan kriteria "Sangat Layak Digunakan". Kesimpulan bahwa media interaktif berbasis macromedia flash 8 valid dan praktis digunakan pada tema pengalamanku kelas II Sekolah Dasar.

The development of science and technology is increasingly encouraging renewal efforts in the use of technological results in the learning process. Teachers are required to be able to understand and use the available tools in an effort to achieve the expected teaching goals. This study aims to determine the teacher's knowledge about the use of macromedia flash applications. Based on the results in several schools in general, teachers are not well acquainted with the application of macromedia flash, until it was found that there were still many teachers who taught using conventional methods. With such conditions, it certainly has an impact on low student learning outcomes.

Artikel terbit 30 Juni 2024 Abstrak Latar belakang yang mendrong penelitian ini yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan motivasi belajar siswa. Hal tersebut di sebabkan kurangnya pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengoptimalkan kemampuan dan motivasi siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (R&D) yang bertujuan untuk 1) Merancang dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran IPA Tema 1 Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan makhluk hidup berbasis powerpoint interaktif pada kelas 3 SDN Langkap. 2) Menguji hasil kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis powerpoint interaktif untuk digunakan pada kelas 3 SDN Langkap.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis powerpoint dapat meningkatkan antusias mereka dalam belajar. Adapaun tempat penelitian dilakukan di SDN 02 Langkap dengan subjek uji produk pada 13 peserta didik kelas 3. Untuk mengetahui keefektifan produk tersebut maka teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan hasil menggunakan kuesioner respon peserta didik dan validasi untuk guru dan peserta didik. Hasil produk pengembangan yaitu media pembelajaran berbasis powerpoint. Berdasarkan hasil validasi guru kelas memperoleh skor 3,34 dan 3,39 dengan kategori sangat valid. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan efektif untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran.

Saat ini perkembangan teknologi mempengaruhi media pembelajaran, sehingga diperlukan adanya pelatihan pembuatan media berbasis teknologi. Kebutuhan penyediaan bahan pengajaran seperti menggunakan aplikasi Canva bagi guru tidak terlepas dari kegiatan rutinitas di sekolah. Bahan pengajaran yang efektif selain dianggap lebih praktis dan mudah digunakan. Namun demikian tidak semua pengajar di sekolah menggunakan aplikasi canva sebagai pendukung media pembelajaran. Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) melalui bimbingan teknis ini adalah untuk menambah wawasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru SMPN 11 dalam membuat media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Metode PkM menggunakan pendekatan interaktif dan sosialisasi membangun memotivasi, tahapan rencana pelaksanaan, dan prosedur kerja yaitu tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan evaluasi. Bimbingan teknis Canva ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2024 dan diikuti oleh 10 peserta. Kegiatan PkM menunjukkan hasil yang cukup baik, Dimana pada setiap Tujuan Instruksional Khususnya ada perubahan indikator berupa perkembangan yang memuaskan. Peserta memahami aplikasi canva dengan baik. Peserta mengakui bahwa aplikasi canva bermanfaat untuk membantu menyusun modul ajar. Berdasarkan faktor teknis dan faktor pendukung, diketahui bahwa kegiatan bimbingan teknis memberikan perubahan pada pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta.

Acrylates have been used as patterning monomers in step and flash imprint lithography. Vinyl ether formulations have a lower viscosity, faster curing rate, and higher tensile strength than acrylate formulations. However, the lack of commercially available, silicon-containing vinyl ether monomers has required the synthesis of several new vinyl ethers. An ideal monomer has low viscosity and low vapor pressure. The vapor pressure of silicon-containing vinyl ethers was predicted using the Joback-Reid, Lyderson, and Lee-Kesler methods. BVMDSO (1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-bis(vinyloxymethyl)-disiloxane) has the lowest viscosity of the synthesized silicon-containing vinyl ethers that meet the volatility requirement for a 80 pl dispense volume. The formulation of BVMDSO, CHDVE (cyclohexanedimethanol divinyl ether), and TEGDVE (triethylene glycol divinyl ether) shows good tensile strength and modulus. The formulation of BVMDSO, CHDVE, TEGDVE, and fluorinated acetate can print a 30 nm line becaus...

The thesis emphasizes the analysis of fifty-eight flashes that struck the CN Tower during the last five years (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017), based on video records of Phantom v5.0 digital high-speed imaging system, operating at 1 ms resolution. (A Sony HDR PJ790VB digital camera, operating at 16.67 ms resolution, provided a continuous recording of each CN Tower lightning storm.) It was observed that every recorded flash contained initial-stage current, confirming that all analyzed flashes were upward initiated. It was also observed that only 27 flashes out of the 58 contained return strokes. The number of strokes per flash varied between 1 and 9, with an average multiplicity of 2.16. The time variation of the channel luminosity of each flash was precisely analyzed for the characterization of flash components. A yearly statistical comparison regarding CN Tower lightning macroscopic (number of flashes, inter-flash times and flash durations) and microscopic (initial-stage current durations, number of the return strokes per flash, M-components and inter-stroke times) characteristics was conducted. The analysis of these extensive data (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017) clearly showed that the 50% cumulative probability distribution (CPD) of flash duration in 2017 was found to be the largest in comparison with other data (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016). Whereas, the 50% CPD of inter-flash time duration in 2015 was the shortest. Furthermore, the 2014 data showed the longest 50% CPD of the initial-stage current duration as well as the inter-stroke time duration. In vi

Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma is a fatal tumor traditionally treated with radiotherapy (RT) and previously characterized as having a non-inflammatory tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). FLASH is a novel RT technique using an ultra-fast dose-rate which is associated with decreased toxicity, effective tumor control and potential immune-sparing properties. However, the effect of FLASH on the DIPG tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has not yet been explored. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing on immune cells isolated from an orthotopic syngeneic murine model of DIPG following the use of FLASH (90Gy/sec) or conventional (2Gy/min) dose-rate RT (CONV-RT), and compare to unirradiated tumor and normal brainstem. Sequencing of immune cells reveals 17 unique populations, most abundant of which is microglia. In the most activated microglia subtypes, both CONV-RT and FLASH show upregulation of type 1 interferon (IFN1) genes and pathway scores compared to unirradiated tumor. In macrophages (MACs) and dendritic cells (DCs), CONV-RT is significantly enriched for IFN1 while this response is less seen with FLASH. Further, FLASH shows an increase in CNS border-associated MACs and upregulation of a myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) signature in MONOs, less seen with CONV-RT. In the lymphocytes, FLASH yields a higher mature B cell proportion and upregulation of T-cell activation and trafficking markers compared to CONV-RT. Finally, we correlate our data with myeloid cells from cerebrospinal fluid of human DIPG patients and find overlap with our murine tumor-and treatment-associated markers. Our work is the first to map CONV-RT and FLASH immune alterations with single-cell resolution in the DIPG TIME. We find that CONV-RT and FLASH sculpt the microglial compartment similarly while recruiting distinct non-resident myeloid subsets and mature B-cell fractions, highlighting the potential to combine each modality with unique immunotherapy regimens in this fatal disease.

Rancang Bangun Media Pembelajaran Berbabasis Voiceover Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Dalam Pembuatan Etiket Gambar Teknik


San Muhammad Zein Rusmawan
NIM. 2217134


ABSTRAK

Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis voiceover dalam pembuatan etiket merupakan upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang sering ditemui dalam praktikum gambar teknik, yaitu kesulitan peserta didik dalam membuat garis lurus, aturan penulisan, serta penggunaan mistar segitiga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1. Cara membuat garis lurus, 2. Tata cara penulisan dalam etiket gambar teknik, 3. Cara penggunaan mistar segitiga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahapan yaitu Analisys, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. Media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan berupa pematerian dengan narasi voiceover yang menjelaskan pembuatan etiket gambar teknik secara detail. Data penilitian didapat dengan menggunakan instrument berupa dokumentasi, wawancara, angket, latihan dan tes, analisis validitas media pembelajaran, analisis respon pengguna, dan hasil praktik peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis voiceover yang dikembangkan secara umum berhasil mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan. Nilai rata-rata N-gain sebesar 0,30 menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar pada kategori sedang, artinya ada peningkatan setelah pengunaan media pembelajarn dan mendapat tanggapan positif dari penggunanya. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis voiceover dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran gambar teknik di SMK serta dapat dianggap layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran praktikum pembuatan etiket gambar teknik.
Kata Kunci: media pembelajaran, gambar teknik, voiceover, SMK, pengelasan








Design and Construction of Voice Over Based Learning Media to Improve Skills in Making Engineering Drawing Etiquette


San Muhammad Zein Rusmawan
NIM. 2217134


ABSTRACT

The development of voiceover-based learning media in making labels is an effort to overcome problems that are often encountered in engineering drawing practicums, namely students' difficulties in making straight lines, writing rules, and using triangle rulers. This study aims to: 1. How to make straight lines, 2. Procedures for writing in engineering drawing labels, 3. How to use triangle rulers. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model consisting of five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. The learning media developed is in the form of material with voiceover narration that explains the making of engineering drawing labels in detail. Data research was obtained using instruments in the form of documentation, interviews, questionnaires, exercises and tests, analysis of the validity of learning media, analysis of user responses, and the results of student practice. The results of the study indicate that the voiceover-based learning media that was developed generally successfully achieved the expected goals. The average N-gain value of 0.30 indicates an increase in learning outcomes in the moderate category, meaning that there was an increase after the use of learning media and received positive responses from its users. This indicates that voiceover-based learning media can be an alternative to improve the quality of technical drawing learning in vocational schools and can be considered suitable for use in practical learning of making technical drawing etiquette.

Keywords: learning media, engineering drawings, voiceover, vocational schools, welding

Praktik Lapangan Terbimbing (PLT) merupakan kesempatan bagi mahasiswa untuk mengaplikasikan atau menerapkan ilmu yang telah dipelajarinya di bangku perkuliahan. Pada saat PLT ini mahasiswa diberikan kesempatan untuk mengaplikasikan teori-teori tersebut sekaligus mencari ilmu secara empirik dan bersifat faktual, tidak sekedar teoritis seperti pada saat di perkuliahan Praktik Lapangan Terbimbing (PLT) diharapkan dapat menjadi bekal bagi mahasiswa sebagai wahana pembentukan tenaga kependidikan professional yang memiliki nilai, sikap, pengetahuan, dan ketrampilan yang siap dalam memasuki dunia pendidikan. Salah satu lokasi yang menjadi sasaran tempat pelaksanaan program PLT pada semester khusus tahun 2017 ini adalah di SMP Negeri 1 Salam yang bertempat di Desa Gulon, Kecamatan Salam, Kabupaten Magelang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Program PLT ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 September s.d. 15 November 2017. Mata pelajaran yang diampu adalah mata pelajaran Seni Musik kelas VII dan kelas VIII. ...

Bio-oil produced from conventional flash pyrolysis has poor quality and requires expensive upgrading before it can be used as a transportation fuel. In this work, a high quality bio-oil has been produced using a novel approach where flash pyrolysis, catalysis and fractionation of pyrolysis vapors using two stage condensation are combined in a single process unit. A bench scale unit of 1 kg/h feedstock capacity is used for catalytic pyrolysis in an entrained down-flow reactor system equipped with two-staged condensation of the pyrolysis vapor. Zeolite-based catalysts are investigated to study the effect of varying acidities of faujasite Y zeolites, zeolite structures (ZSM5), different catalyst to biomass ratios and different catalytic pyrolysis temperatures. Low catalyst/biomass ratios did not show any significant improvements in the bio-oil quality, while high catalyst/biomass ratios showed an effective deoxygenation of the bio-oil. The application of zeolites decreased the organic liquid yield due to the increased production of non-condensables, primarily hydrocarbons. The catalytically produced bio-oil was less viscous and zeolites were effective at cracking heavy molecular weight compounds in the bio-oil. Acidic zeolites, H-Y and H-ZSM5, increased the desirable chemical compounds in the bio-oil such as phenols, furans and hydrocarbon, and reduced the undesired compounds such as acids. On the other hand reducing the acidity of zeolites reduced some of the undesired compounds in the bio-oil such as ketones and aldehydes. The performance of H-Y was superior to that of the rest of zeolites studied: bio-oil of high chemical and calorific value was produced with a high organic liquid yield and low oxygen content. H-ZSM5 was a close competitor to H-Y in performance but with a lower yield of bio-oil. Online fractionation of catalytic pyrolysis vapors was employed by controlling the condenser temperature and proved to be a successful process parameter to tailor the desired bio-oil properties. A high calorific value bio-oil having up to 90% organics was produced using two staged condensation of catalytic pyrolysis vapor. Zeolite-based acidic catalysts can be used for selective deoxygenation, and the catalytic bio-oil quality can be further improved with staged vapor condensation.

Lack of textbooks used for teaching is one of many problems found in education in Indonesia. It hampers the learning process and makes the activity of teaching depends solely on the teacher. This deviates from Indonesia’s 2013 Curriculum Framework which aims at student-centered learning process instead of the opposite. In order to solve this issue, lesson materials development is urgently needed. In the effort of adjusting current technological development, developing the lesson materials using the most recent technology is reasonable. Modules are printed lesson materials which can be converted into digital forms (electronic modules), and e-modules have interactive characteristic. Unlike its predecessor (printed modules) that is limited only to show and tell, the interactive nature of e-modules enables the users to answer the questions given and know the right answers to their questions immediately, through the accessible videos provided in the e-modules. This research aims to: (1) ...

Electroretinography is the technique that allows the evaluation of changes in electrical potential that occur when the eye is stimulated by light. Such changes reflect the response of several retinal cells including photoreceptors (cones and rods). Thus it evaluates the retinal functionality and can diagnose abnormalities in retinas seem to be normal by ophthalmoscopy. Due to the constant evolution in veterinary ophthalmology, new centers of retinal electrophysiology have been introduced around the world either for early diagnosis of retinopathies or for preoperative evaluation of animals with cataracts and glaucoma, as well as for continuing research. The Ophthalmology Unit of the "Governador Laudo Natel" Veterinary Teaching Hospital, in the Faculty of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV) - Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) - Jaboticabal Campus, Brazil, supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP (Sao Paulo State Foundation for Rese...

Résumé : Les ions hydronium (H3O + ) sont formés, à temps courts, dans les grappes ou le long des trajectoires de la radiolyse de l'eau par des rayonnements ionisants à faible transfert d’énergie linéaire (TEL) ou à TEL élevé. Cette formation in situ de H3O + rend la région des grappes/trajectoires du rayonnement temporairement plus acide que le milieu environnant. Bien que des preuves expérimentales de l’acidité d’une grappe aient déjà été signalées, il n'y a que des informations fragmentaires quant à son ampleur et sa dépendance en temps. Dans ce travail, nous déterminons les concentrations en H3O + et les valeurs de pH correspondantes en fonction du temps à partir des rendements de H3O + calculés à l’aide de simulations Monte Carlo de la chimie intervenant dans les trajectoires. Quatre ions incidents de différents TEL ont été sélectionnés et deux modèles de grappe/trajectoire ont été utilisés : 1) un modèle de grappe isolée "sphérique" (faible TEL) et 2) un modè...

Hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) are formed within spurs or tracks of the low or high linear energy transfer (LET) radiolysis of pure, deaerated water at early times. The in situ radiolytic formation of H 3 O + renders the spur and track regions temporarily more acid than the surrounding medium. Although experimental evidence for an acidic spur has already been reported, there is only fragmentary information on its magnitude and time dependence. In this work, spur or track H 3 O + concentrations and the corresponding pH values are obtained from our calculated yields of H 3 O + as a function of time, using Monte Carlo track chemistry simulations. We selected four impacting ions and we used two different spur and track models: 1) an isolated "spherical" spur model characteristic of low-LET radiation and 2) an axially homogeneous "cylindrical" track model for high-LET radiation. Very good agreement was found between our calculated time evolution of G(H 3 O + ) in the radiolysis of pure, deaerated water by 300-MeV incident protons (which mimic 60 Co /fast electron irradiation) and the available experimental data at 25 °C. For all cases studied, an abrupt transient acid pH effect, which we call an "acid spike", is observed during and shortly after the initial energy release. This acid-spike effect is virtually unexplored in water or in a cellular environment subject to the action of ionizing radiation, especially high-LET radiation. In this regard, this work raises a number of questions about the potential implications of this effect for radiobiology, some of which are briefly evoked. Our calculations were then extended to examine the effect of temperature from 25 to 350 °C on the yield of H 3 O + ions that are formed in spurs of the low-LET radiolysis of water. The results showed an increasingly acidic spike response at higher temperatures. As many incore processes in a water-cooled nuclear reactor critically depend on pH, the question here is whether these variations in acidity, even highly localized and transitory, contribute to material corrosion and damage. Keywords : Liquid water, radiolysis, linear energy transfer (LET), track structure, spur, Monte Carlo track chemistry simulations, hydrogen ion (H 3 O + ), radiation chemical yield (G-value), pH, acid spike, temperature, radiobiology, radiotherapy, water-cooled nuclear reactor. v Résumé.

Welding flaw detection is a key step in manufacturing many components. In offshore chains, every link is manufactured from a steel bar that is bent and the ends joined by flash butt welding. Ultrasonic inspection of the welded area is required for classification. Defects, if any, are parallel to the welded area, which do not favour detection by manual inspection with 45° beams, as per usual practice . This article reports on CIRUS, a robot developed for automatic inspection of the weld area using a combination of pulse-echo and pitch-catch ultrasonic testing. The robot kinematic structure includes global positioning, local positioning and inspection subsystems, and each subsystem design is described in detail. A data acquisition system processes ultrasonic inspection results and provides visual information for the inspector as well as traceability for quality manufacturing.

Various guidelines for the protection of human beings against possible adverse effects resulting from exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have been published with a view towards continual improvement; therefore, decreasing exposure is an important research area. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of decreasing electric field exposure with arc flash rated personal protective equipment (PPE), which in this case was a set of coveralls, and to compare the measurement results to calculations using the helmet-mask measuring system. We collected the data under a 400-kV power line. The test person stood on isolated aluminum paper, and the current between the ground and the aluminum paper was measured. When the test subject wore the arc flash PPE, the current to the ground was only 9.5% of the current measured when wearing normal clothes, which represents a clear decrease in exposure.

Laser-flash thermal analysis has been applied to measure the thermal diffusivity of highly oriented samples of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene. Due to the anisotropy of the sample, in-plane measurements are required instead of through-plane ones.

Laser-flash thermal analysis has been applied to measure the thermal diffusivity of highly oriented samples of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene. Due to the anisotropy of the sample, in-plane measurements are required instead of through-plane ones.

Method for characterization of electrical and trapping properties of multilayered high permittivity stacks for use in charge trapping flash memories is proposed. Application of the method to the case of multilayered HfO2/Al2O3 stacks is presented. By applying our previously developed comprehensive model for MOS structures containing high-κ dielectrics on the J-V characteristics measured in the voltage range without marked degradation and charge trapping (from −3 V to +3 V), several parameters of the structure connected to the interfacial layer and the conduction mechanisms have been extracted. We found that the above analysis gives precise information on the main characteristics and the quality of the injection layer. C-V characteristics of stressed (with write and erase pulses) structures recorded in a limited range of voltages between −1 V and +1 V (where neither significant charge trapping nor visible degradation of the structures is expected to occur) were used in order to provi...

Pembelajaran desain interior dan eksterior di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan 2 Kendal menggunakan media edukatif berbasis augmented reality (AR) dilatar belakangi oleh kemampuan abstraksi siswa yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan produk media edukatif berbasis augmented reality untuk pembelajaran desain interior&eksterior  siswa SMK, (2) mendeskripsikan karakteristik media AR yang mampu meningkatkan kemampuan abstraksi siswa dan (3) mengevaluasi kelayakan (valid & praktis) kemudian menguji keefektifan media AR. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan model Borg & Gall. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media berbasis AR mampu meningkatkan daya abstraksi siswa dalam memahami pembelajaran desain interior dan eksterior. Media berbasis AR juga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan beberapa tahapan uji coba, media berbasis dikategorikan valid, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Perolehan rata-rata hasil vali...

NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center is working to improve space situational awareness through technical innovation, collaboration, and cooperation with U.S. Government agencies and the global space community. NASA has long-standing guidelines for assessing space objects. Specifically, Marshall has the capabilities, facilities, and expertise to address the challenges that space objects, such as new-Earth objects (NEO) or Orbital debris, pose to space assets. Marshall performs research, integrated information, matures technologies, and enhances science to bring together a diverse portfolio of products and services of interest for Space situational awareness (SSA), which can be accessed through partnerships with Marshall. Marshall's Integrated Space Situational Awareness and Asset Management (ISSAAM) three-pronged approach brings together vital information and in-depth tools working simultaneously toward examining the complex problems encountered in SSA. These technology prongs are database/analyses/visualization, detection/tracking, and mitigation/removal. Marshall has many technologies under these prongs in current use and/or development that could offer solutions to problems outside the NASA arena. Marshall provides solutions for complex issues with indepth capabilities, a broad range of experience, and unique expertise, all available in one convenient location.

Voltage assisted wear at the head and the disk interface is investigated with the motive of understanding the head overcoat wear processes. In this work, we report the quantitative analysis of voltage assisted wear on head carbon overcoat at high sliding speed interfaces. We found that voltage assisted TFC head wear acts asymmetrically at the interface with positive voltage leading to high wear. We quantitatively analyzed the interface using a strain gauge based friction measurement.

DITFs) optimized to study lightning are a new development. They overcome the "phase-wrap" problem of earlier narrow-band analog interferometers and can locate a source in a lightning channel as often as every 10 nanoseconds. DITFs show phenomena long suspected, but not previously visible. For example, K-changes, (millisecond steps in electric field after a cloud-to-ground discharge), are shown by the DITF to be recoil streamers along a previously formed channel. Used in concert with a lightning mapping array and slow-antenna (1-50000 Hz) electric field sensors, DITFs are also allowing discovery and understanding of new features of lightning. For example, on 8/12/2012, at 21:45:42 UT, a "bolt-from-the-blue" negative leader emerged from a cloud-top 30-miles Southeast of Langmuir Laboratory in New Mexico. Slow-antenna measurements showed electric field steps of 0.001 s duration looking much like K-changes, but occurring BEFORE the first return-stroke of this long leader. We speculate that these steps (which we call U-changes -U for "unknown") are (like K-changes) reionization waves that feed the growing channel and keep it hot enough to proceed all the way to ground. During a U-change, the DITF shows channels reilluminated over several kilometers of altitude.

Recently, wide band measurements of the electric field near a lightning flash have been obtained by a balloon‐borne electric field sonde or Esonde. This paper develops new techniques for analyzing lightning‐associated charge transport in a thundercloud by using both the Esonde data and simultaneous Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) measurements of VHF pulses emitted during lightning breakdown processes. Innovations in this paper include the following: (1) A filtering procedure is developed to separate the background field associated with instrument rotation and cloud charging processes from the lightning‐induced electric field change. Because of the abrupt change in the signal caused by lightning, standard filtering techniques do not apply. A new mathematical procedure is developed to estimate the background electric field that would have existed if the lightning had not occurred. The estimated background field is subtracted from the measured field to obtain the lightning‐induced field ...

The present study analyses the realisation of onomatopoeia and determines the extent of the onomatopoeic words in creating meaningful imagery, illustrating actions as well as evoking readers' sensory associations toward the storyline of a webcomic entitled "Aquaman: Through Fire and Water." Qualitatively, this study used Krippendorff's (2018) Content Analysis (CA) as an approach. Methodologically, Miles & Huberman's (1994) interactive qualitative data analysis was applied to analyse the data. Respectively, Bredin's (1996) framework of Onomatopoeia was also adopted to look at how the onomatopoeic words are realised. The findings showed that Direct Onomatopoeia (50%) is the most occurring type from 26 onomatopoeic words found, followed by Associative Onomatopoeia (46,15%) and Exemplary Onomatopoeia (3,84%). The realisations of the onomatopoeic words reveal that the integration of the onomatopoeic realisations with the aesthetic depiction of the images throughout the webcomic can fairly create meaningful imagery and illustrate actions of the webcomic. Thus, it evokes readers' sensory associations toward the scenes and storyline of the webcomic.

Recebido em 30/6/05; aceito em 27/10/05; publicado na web em 18/5/06 LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATES: CHEMISTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND ANALYSIS. The environmental impact of detergents and other consumer products is behind the continued interest in the chemistry of the surfactants used. Of these, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LASs) are most widely employed in detergent formulations. The precursors to LASs are linear alkylbenzenes (LABs). There is also interest in the chemistry of these hydrocarbons, because they are usually present in commercial LASs (due to incomplete sulfonation), or form as one of their degradation products. Additionally, they may be employed as molecular tracers of domestic waste in the aquatic environment. The following aspects are covered in the present review: The chemistry of surfactants, in particular LAS; environmental impact of the production of LAS; environmental and toxicological effects of LAS; mechanisms of removal of LAS in the environment, and methods for monitoring LAS and LAB, the latter in domestic wastes. Classical and novel analytical methods employed for the determination of LAS and LAB are discussed in detail, and a brief comment on detergents in Brazil is given.

This paper assembles evidence to discuss a mechanism that may contribute to the positive Cloud to Ground (+CG) lightning presence over the US Great Plains (GP). Data from EPA reveal maximum ammonium (NH4+) concentrations in precipitation over the entire US are observed over the GP. Laboratory experiments show NH4+ favors graupel’s positive charging, a key-process for +CG enhancement. This study speculates that the spatial coherency between the NH4+ concentrations and the enhanced presence of +CG may not be a coincidence but relate to a physical mechanism that acts independently from the established thunderstorm charging processes.

Kurikulum 2013 merupakan kurikulum yang berlaku secara nasional sebagai pengembangan dari Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (KBK) dan menggunakan sistem tematikintegratif. Hal ini tentunya juga membawa permasalahan baru untuk guru dan murid dalam beradaptasi dengan perubahan kurikulum yang ada. Kesulitan yang dialami guru adalah kurangnya bahan belajar murid ketika berada di luar sekolah, sehingga murid kesulitan untuk belajar mandiri dan membuat guru harus mengajar lebih banyak, hingga murid dapat mencapai kompetensi yang ada. Selain itu, khususnya untuk murid kelas 1 sekolah dasar, yang awalnya belajar dengan sistem pembelajaran taman kanak-kanak yang lebih banyak belajar sambil bermain, harus mulai beradaptasi dengan sistem pembelajaran sekolah dasar. Oleh karena itu diperlukan media pembelajaran yang interaktif dan menarik bagi murid. Aplikasi ini akan menyediakan sarana bagi murid kelas 1 sekolah dasar untuk dapat belajar dengan Kurikulum 2013 untuk kelas 1 sekolah dasar, tetapi dalam suasana bermain agar anak tetap tertarik untuk belajar walaupun dengan sistem pembelajaran yang baru. Perancangan dan pembuatan aplikasi ini didasarkan pada Kurikulum 2013 untuk kelas 1 sekolah dasar dengan tema yang dipilih yaitu tema Diriku dan tema Kegemaranku. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa aplikasi dapat berjalan pada device mininum Android 4.0.3 (IceCreamSandwich) dinilai bermanfaat karena dapat membantu anak-anak untuk belajar sambil bermain dan aplikasi dinilai menarik bagi anakanak.

Friction surfacing (FS) is a coating technique applied mainly in corrosion protection and repair of components. The study addresses the effects of deposition and rotational speeds on the rods characteristics and process efficiency for the deposition of Ti-6Al-4V on self-mating substrates by FS. The consumption rate was 1.8 mm/s, deposition speeds of 8, 16 and 24 mm/s and rotational speeds of 2000, 3000 and 4000 rpm. It was shown that the flash forms primarily at the rod, ascending around the tip and leaving the coating without flash. The higher deposition speeds led to a decrease in rod thickness and diameter. For higher rotational speeds, an increase in diameter and decrease in thickness is observed for the flash on the rod. Experiments have shown that the rotational and deposition speeds have a decisive influence on the flash formation. Its microstructure changes due to the welding process and a change in hardness can be observed.

Every student must have and develop spatial abilities to be successfull in learning geometry. The rapid development of technology also allows teachers to use macromedia flash as an alternative in developing and improving students' spatial abilities. This study aimed to determine and describe the improvement of the students' spatial ability after getting geometry material by using macromedia flash at MTsN Model Banda Aceh. This research used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design and one group pretest posttest design. The population of this study was all students of class VIII MTsN Model Banda Aceh with random sampling as the sample selection techniques so that the selected sample was the students of class VIII-5. The data collection in this study was carried out using a spatial ability test consisted of pretest and posttest questions. The gained data were analyzed with SPSS version 17 with paired sample t-test and percentage. The results showed that there w...

In this paper we show that state-of-the-art commercial off-the-shelf Flash memory chip technology (20 nm technology node with multi-level cells) is quite sensitive to ionizing radiation. We find that the fail-bit count in these Flash chips starts to increase monotonically with gamma or X-ray dose at 100 rad(SiO2). Significantly more fail bits are observed in X-ray irradiated devices, most likely due to dose enhancement effects due to high-Z back-end-of-line materials. These results show promise for dosimetry application.

In order to enable sustainable manufacturing, the indiscriminate use of cutting fluids in modern machining has to be tackled, given its environmental and economic impacts. A possible solution is the recent entrance of dry and near dry minimal quantity cooling and lubrication (MQC/L) machining. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of MQC/L, however, further studies need to be done. The three major functions of cutting fluids are to perform cooling, lubrication, and chip removal from the cutting zone. The main objective of this work is to understand how the tribological aspects (cutting forces, chip flow, tool-chip contact area), chip morphology, and surface roughness and surface integrity (residual stresses) are influenced by i) the application of different cutting fluid combinations in minimal quantities ii) the direction of application of the cutting fluid in the facing of AISI 1045 steel using an uncoated flat-faced carbide tool. A Minimal Quantity Cutting Fluid (MQCF) dispensing system was tested and implemented to evaluate the effects of differing fluid dispensing rates and target directions. It was found that the effects of targeted cutting fluid combinations on the tribological aspects were significant when compared to dry machining, although the variation in the tribological aspects was marginal amongst the different cutting fluid combinations. In contrast, directing the coolant on the flank face of the tool revealed some interesting results. Compressive residual stresses were observed when coolant was ix 4.12 Residual stress plot-Dry Vs 100% coolant on the tool flank face…………. 51 4.13 Peak residual stresses………………………………………………………. 54 CHAPTER 1

The evolution of System-on-Chip (SoC) designs involves the development of non-volatile memory technologies like Flash. Embedded flash (eFlash) memories are based on the floating-gate transistor concept and can be subject to complex hard defects creating functional faults. In this paper, we present a complete analysis of a particular failure mechanism, referred as disturb phenomenon. Moreover, we analyze the efficiency of a particular test sequence to detect this disturb phenomenon. Finally we conclude on the interest to develop new test infrastructure well adapted to the eFlash environment.

Today's globalized electronics supply chain is prone to counterfeit chip proliferation. Existing techniques to detect counterfeit integrated circuits (ICs) are limited by relatively high cost, lengthy inspection time, destructive nature, and restriction to a pre-packaging environment. We propose a novel method of counterfeit IC detection which takes advantage of design-specific electromagnetic (EM) fingerprints generated by simulating on-chip clock distribution networks. Through exploitation of the chip's physical characteristics, our technique can help detect foundry of origin. We validate our approach on 8051 microcontrollers from three different vendors and utilize principal component analysis to distinguish the acquisitions by vendor. Our results show that near-field EM measurements combined with unsupervised machine learning provide ≈ 99% accuracy in counterfeit detection through design-specific fingerprint classification.

GeoGebra is one of the software that is used in the teaching of mathematics and differential equations. By using GeoGebra, which is a dynamic and educational software, one can acquire the expected learning, especially in linear differential equations of the first order, which is a lesson in which intense learning difficulties are experienced. In this document, interactive animated applications have been made for engineering students of the University of Antofagasta, Chile, so that they can learn through technological resources.

Relativistic electron diffraction requires electron bunches of extreme quality. Typical values are: electron bunch charges of 100 fC, pulse duration of 10 fs, emittance of 5 nm. In order to operate an accelerator in such conditions proper diagnostics is needed. Furthermore any possible shot-to-shot variation has to be monitored especially when it comes to the analysis of the diffraction pattern. Desired properties of electron bunches to be diagnosed include: position, charge, emittance, bunch length, energy and energy spread. In this paper the beam charge as well as dark current monitors implemented at REGAE are described with a main focus on Faraday cups.

Recently, the free-electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH) at DESY has been upgraded considerably. Besides increasing the maximum energy to about 1.2 GeV and installation of a third harmonic rf cavity linearizing the longitudinal phase space distribution of the electron bunch, an FEL seeding experiment at wavelengths of about 35 nm has been installed. The goal is to establish direct FEL seeding employing coherent VUV pulses produced from a powerful drive laser by high-harmonic generation (HHG) in a gas cell. The project, called sFLASH, includes generation of the required HHG pulses, transporting it to the undulator entrance of a newly installed FEL-amplifier, controlling spatial, temporal and energy overlap with the electron bunches and setting up a pump-probe pilot experiment. Sophisticated diagnostics is installed to characterize both HHG and seeded FEL pulses, both in time and frequency domain. Compared to SASE-FEL pulses, almost perfect longitudinal coherence and improved synchronizat...