Digital Policy

Globally, labour markets are encountering profound changes because of the digital revolution. Middle income countries such as China, are leapfrogging high-income countries to take advantage of the digital economy. The growing use of digital technologies is also reshaping the labour market in high-income countries such as Australia. Potentially, new technologies may facilitate both employers and employees to overcome some of the barriers to disability employment. However, it seems that the opportunities and hopes have not yet translated into improved employment rate for people with disability. This paper uses an ecosystem framework to examine the state's role in improving the critical elements of disability employment: developing a national strategy, creating employment opportunities, building capacity and enhancing accessibility. This paper compares the historical development of disability employment and the policies introduced to take advantage of digital technologies across China and Australia. It studies the national policies, funded activities and the governing structure in China and Australia. The findings revealed distinctive approaches that have played to the strengths of each country. However, both countries need to address the weaker links to deliver a real paradigm shift.

This article investigates the flow of communication policy principles across the supranational, international and national levels, through the lens of policy transfer. Policy transfer is a new concept for the field of media and communication studies. The article utilizes and expands on the concept to study the case of digital policy flows between leading regional powers, the EU and USA and MERCOSUR. The article argues that EU and US policy priorities are reflected in the Latin American policy framework, which shifts from a focus on audiovisual and culture-centred objectives to the digital economy paradigm. MERCOSUR then functions as a policy broker between 'outside' interests and those of its member states through the influence of international key players whose interests clash with those of regional goals.

Technology is an important issue affecting human life. We are experiencing conveniences in various fields in our lives along with the technological developments, especially with the emergence of the computers and internet concept. The virtual world provides opportunities for people who are inclined to crime. Since people from every walk of life can be easily reached especially in the internet environment, it has become easier to be a victim of a crime. The victimization is important in general, however, its effect on children is much greater than that of adults. Therefore, the sample of child victims of cybercrime in Turkey was examined using data obtained from Turkish Statistical Institute in this study. In order to examine crime and ways for combating the crime, the hot spots where the victims live mostly and the generic profile of the victims were discovered. The results obtained from the conducted analysis is expected to contribute significantly to the preventive and forensic processes carried out by the relevant authorities.

In just a few years, open data has been established as a fundamental cornerstone of official transparency and accountability initiatives around the world - from US President Barack Obama and UK Prime Minister David Cameron's respective open government programmes, to the Open Government Partnership, to the G8 Open Data Charter launched in June 2013.

This paper will suggest several threads for investigation for a genealogy of open data, examining how the rise of open data has coincided with a focus on technological innovation, public sector efficiency and economic growth in official transparency discourse rather than on social justice and meeting the needs of citizens. It proposes a programme of research into the politics of open data looking at how the concept is implicated in a broader, shifting landscape of political visions, values and practises, and how it is changing the way that different actors think and talk about transparency as a political concept.

The paper was given at the General Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research in Glasgow, 3-6th September 2014.

The paper highlights a comparative analysis of the national policies pertaining to digital content within 10 countries, in addition to the European Union (EU), that were divided into two groups: Arab and non-Arab (Global Group). A prototype model of Policy Assessment Criteria (PAC) was developed to help enhance the quality of the national digital content policies that are mainly under construction. Based on 56 variables included in the PAC, a prototype model of a statistical indicator called Policies Quality Indicator (PQI) was also developed in order to measure the quality of the policies themselves, or, in other words, to identify the quality level of the conceptual framework of digital content policies that may be used on a global scale. In addition to developing both the PQI and the PAC, this paper sheds light on the global strategic planning trends in the field of Digital Content, especially through the comparison of a number of Arab policies to those of a set of developing and developed countries around the world.

JAMAIS PANDÉMIE NE S’EST PROPAGÉE DANS UN MONDE AUSSI RICHE
DE TECHNOLOGIES ET DE DONNÉES. FAUTE D’AVOIR PERMIS D’ANTICIPER
SUFFISAMMENT L’IMPACT DE LA COVID-19 DÈS SON ÉMERGENCE,
LA  PUISSANCE  DU NUMÉRIQUE S’EST PARTOUT MOBILISÉE POUR ACCÉ‑
LÉRER LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE, LIMITER L’EXPANSION DE L’ÉPIDÉMIE
ET AUJOURD’HUI FACILITER LA REPRISE DE L’ACTIVITÉ ÉCONOMIQUE.
Mais le recours à cet atout considérable peut, lui
aussi, présenter des risques et provoquer l’inquiétude
jusqu’à freiner l’adoption des solutions proposées.
S’entrechoquent notamment les enjeux d’efficacité
sanitaire, de préservation de libertés individuelles,
de souveraineté numérique, d’inclusion sociale
et d’adoption large des dispositifs proposés. Souvent
pris dans un faisceau de contraintes, voire d’injonctions
contradictoires, les décideurs publics et privés se
retrouvent ainsi devant des arbitrages cornéliens.
C’est à ces décideurs que le présent rapport et la
méthode qu’il propose s’adressent prioritairement.
La démarche vise à leur fournir des clés d’analyse
et d’arbitrage dans l’emploi des technologies pour
sécuriser la sortie de crise et accélérer un retour sain
à l’activité.
Développée dans le contexte de la COVID-19, la
méthode présentée peut être employée pour la
mise en œuvre de tout dispositif technologique
en période de crise, dont l’adoption et la bonne
utilisation appellent des considérations éthiques
fondamentales.
Cette approche se décline ainsi à d’autres domaines
liés à la santé, dans lesquels la crise a catalysé des
tendances de fond déjà amorcées, traçant la voie
vers des services de santé de plus en plus numérisés
et consommateurs de données. Plus largement
encore, cette méthode pourra être adaptée pour
faire de l’éthique non pas une contrainte, mais
un facilitateur pour le développement de services
numériques, dont le caractère sensible nécessite
une approche circonstanciée au sein de nos sociétés
démocratiques.
L’approche méthodologique que nous proposons
est structurée par étapes : la constitution d’un
organe de gouvernance multipartite, pilotant le
projet depuis sa conception jusqu’au retour à des
conditions sanitaires « normales » ; l’élaboration d’un
cadre de référence commun ; la qualification précise
du besoin, en considérant la globalité du dispositif
sanitaire dans lequel les solutions technologiques
s’insèrent ; et l’analyse approfondie des technologies
disponibles et des enjeux techniques, sécuritaires,
éthiques, juridiques.

Europa are nevoie de digital. Cu toții avem nevoie de digital”, a afirmat recent Andrus Ansip, comisarul pentru Piața Unică Digitală. O trimitere, de altfel, destul de vagă. În primul rând, face apel la o tehnică destul de uzitată de către oficialii europeni, anume utilizarea „cuvintelor mari” pentru a promova o inițiativă destul de complicată, sectorială și extrem de tehnică , așa cum sunt politicile digitale pentru Uniunea Europeană. În al doilea rând, ce este acest „digital”? Unde începe și unde se termină? Am identificat oare un nou „teren de joacă” pentru exercițiul birocratizării europene care este atât de blamată în capitalele europene? Riscând să perpetuăm caracterul vag, putem afirma cu siguranță că „digitalul” este ubicuu; din stația de autobus unde căutăm orarul mijloacelor de transport în comun, la semafor unde mai trimitem un e-mail și până în administrația locală și națională prin plata (sau nu!) a impozitelor în online, trecând și prin hub-urile IT și institutele de cercetare avansată pe inteligență artificială