Development Communication

The Philippines continues to face persistent challenges from communicable diseases, particularly coronavirus disease (COVID-19), tuberculosis (TB), and measles, which place tremendous strain on the primary healthcare system, where Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) act as frontline providers of health promotion, disease prevention, and community surveillance. This study examined the preventive health measure practices of BHWs in selected barangays of Cainta, Rizal, during 2023-2024, focusing on their implementation across the three diseases and the control mechanisms used in prevention, detection, and response. Employing a quantitative descriptive-comparative design, the research utilized a structured questionnaire validated by experts and pilot-tested for reliability (Cronbach's α ≥ 0.80), with 218 BHWs selected through proportionate simple random sampling from San Andres, San Juan, San Isidro, and Sto. Domingo. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and nonparametric alternatives, with a significance level set at α = 0.05. The results indicated that preventive measures were practiced to varying degrees across barangays, with significant differences noted in their implementation for COVID-19, TB, and measles. Control mechanisms-including surveillance, laboratory testing, preparedness and response, evidence-based policies, and public health communication-also varied, while organizational and delivery factors such as governance, infrastructure, financing, and partnerships influenced effectiveness. The findings underscore the critical role of BHWs in grassroots-level disease prevention while revealing systemic gaps that hinder program sustainability. Strengthening training, institutional support, and intersectoral collaboration is essential to improve health program delivery and resilience. Overall, the study contributes evidence to guide policy development and community-based health interventions, reinforcing BHWs as the backbone of primary healthcare and a vital force in strengthening the Philippines' capacity to address current and future communicable disease threats.

The study sought to understand the information needs of pigeonpea farmers, assessing the effectiveness of communication channels used to diffuse (communicate) the improved pigeonpea varieties in Makueni County. Primary data was collected from farmers using a household survey involving 234 farmers. The study found a high level of awareness of improved pigeonpea varieties in the study area. About 81 percent of the farmers had adopted at least one improved variety, but adoption rates of varieties within individual pigeonpea types were about 50 percent or less. Despite the high adoption rate of improved varieties, 53% of the respondents still grew the local variety. Majority of farmers were willing to adopt improved varieties in future, though approximately 39 percent of the respondents reported difficulty in obtaining information on improved pigeonpea varieties. The most commonly used channels for receiving agricultural information in order of importance were found to be "another farmer", "community leaders/barazas" and "Seed/Grain Stockist". ICRISAT staff, agricultural officers and field days were ranked as most preferred information channels by farmers.

Resumen
Se cree erróneamente que el término prosumidor ha surgido en los últimos años. En este artículo indagamos sobre el origen del concepto que emerge en los años 70 del siglo XX de la mano de McLuhan y Alvin Toffler, relacionando sus postulados con algunos de los nuevos medios como son las redes sociales. También mostramos el grado de vinculación real que
tienen los niños y los jóvenes como prosumidores en el entorno digital que los rodea. Posteriormente ponemos de manifiesto la situación de la publicidad online en relación con la Web 3.0, dando respuesta a ciertas inquietudes sobre el futuro del productor y del consumidor. Planteamos un análisis del ciudadano como prosumidor y el grado de empoderamiento que puede adquirir al ejercer adecuadamente su papel. Destaca en este estudio la vinculación del concepto con diversos campos como son la educación, los nuevos medios de comunicación, la web semántica y las investigaciones que están contribuyendo a mejorar la competencia mediática del individuo. Finalmente, examinamos el rol del ciudadano como prosumidor, y los retos de empoderamiento que le esperan frente a la defensa de sus derechos en la sociedad actual
Palabras clave
Prosumidor, productor, consumo, empoderamiento, redes sociales,
Web 3.0, educación mediática, sociedad

La memoria histórica de las comunidades del Caribe colombiano ha caído prácticamente en el olvido por múltiples causas como el conflicto armado y el borrado que vienen ejerciendo los medios hegemónicos. Este proyecto ha estudiado las posibilidades de la co-creación como proceso educomunicativo para rescatar memoria colectiva. Mediante una metodología de investigación-acción enmarcada en la innovación social se explora el potencial de las tecnologías de realidad extendida
(RX) para recuperar la memoria histórica local. El proyecto educomunicativo
se aplicó en las comunidades de Atánquez y Badillo (Departamento del Cesar, Colombia) implicando a dos centros educativos donde se formó a niños y niñas en el uso de herramientas tecnológicas y a quienes se les facilitó encuentros con personas mayores de sus comunidades que conservan conocimientos ancestrales.
Se secuencia el proceso de co-creación de RX en el que participaron estudiantes, docentes, profesionales y personas mayores de las comunidades, generando como resultado prototipos tecnológicos con contenidos dirigidos a preservar la historia cultural de las poblaciones y facilitar su derecho al uso de las TIC y la preservación de su cultura. Como resultados, se valida la co-creación de prototipos de RX, para estimular el diálogo intergeneracional y salvaguardar y recrear la herencia cultural.
Se comprueba el potencial de la RX para documentar y dignificar los saberes
locales, promover la autorrepresentación de las comunidades y propender hacia la soberanía mediática de los pueblos.

Regional Evidence Papers are an output of the ELLA Programme. They contain an overview of regional evidence, as well as original data collection and analysis, on a particular research topic. A pair of Regional Evidence Papers are produced on each topic, one focused on Latin America and one on Africa, using a common research question and design. This Regional Evidence Paper is paired with a sister paper whose title is Beyond Domestic Violence Laws in Latin America: Challenges for Protection Services for Survivors, authored by Fundar in Mexico. Based on this two regional papers, a Comparative Evidence Paper is constructed, comparing the experiences of the two regions, in order to support inter-regional lesson-learning. All publications can be found in the ELLA programme website. ABOUT THE AUTHORS* The authors work at the University of Ibadan. Ayobami Ojebode is the Head of Department of Communication and Language Arts at Ibadan. His expertise is in Media Studies, Research Methods, Violence and Political Systems. Babatunde Raphael Ojebuyi is a lecturer at Ibadan and conducts research in Media Studies, Reading as Communication, and Development Communication. N. J. Onyechi Onyechi is a lecturer at Ibadan. She specialises in Media Studies, and Development Communication with special focus on Governance, Youth and Women Health. Oyewole Oladapo is a doctoral student in the Department of Communication and Language Arts, University of Ibadan. His areas of interest are Social Media, Political Communication and Development. O. J. Oyedele is a doctoral student in the Department of Communication and Language Arts, University of Ibadan. His areas of interest are development communication, Climate Change Communication and Media Studies. I. A. Fadipe is a doctoral student in the Department of Communication and Language Arts, University of Ibadan. His research interests are on Gender and Cultural Studies. ABOUT THE ELLA PROGRAMME ELLA, which stands for Evidence and Lessons from Latin America, is a south-south knowledge and exchange programme that mixes research, exchange and learning to inspire development policies and practices that are grounded in evidence about what works in varied country contexts. The programme has been designed and is coordinated by Practical Action Consulting (PAC) Latin America, in line with the objectives agreed with the funder, the UK Department for International Development (DFID), UK Aid. The Institute for Development Studies (IDS), Sussex University, UK, supports on research design, methods and outputs. To learn more about ELLA go to our website, where you can also browse our other publications on violence and citizen security and other ELLA development issues. *The views expressed in in this paper are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the ELLA programme. Cover photo: City in Nigeria Credit: World Bank Explaining the Effectiveness of Community-Based Crime Prevention Practices also communitised the role of the state: they stepped in to fund the police by supplying their vehicles with fuel, constructing police posts, repairing police patrol vans and giving police officers monetary incentives so that the communities can be well patrolled and protected. They also supplied intelligence and facilitated the arrest of suspects. The officers reciprocated by patrolling regularly and responding rapidly to distress calls from the community associations. A comparison of two CBCP practices -one effective, the other not -showed that effectiveness depended on the ability of the community associations to deploy the strategy summed up above. Through an exploration of the contexts, we discovered that a conjuncture of cultural and contextual factors impacted on the ability of the community associations to apply those three strategies. Policies seeking to strengthen CBCP must (i) support communitisation strategies and (ii) create a delicate balance between protecting citizens' rights without weakening the strength of the community associations. An approach that seeks citizens' interpretation of their rights and privileges is important in drafting such policies. Policies also need to recognize that in some contexts even such strategies will have limited efficacy. Explaining the Effectiveness of Community-Based Crime Prevention Practices Decades after African nations obtained political independence, most of them have yet to come up with criminal justice systems that work. Crime rates are high and state apparatuses appear to be incapable of bringing them down. A recent report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes shows that Africa occupies one of the top most positions in global crime prevalence. With a homicide rate of 12.5 per 100,000 population, compared with the global average of 6.2, Africa ranks behind only the Americas in homicide prevalence. Not only this, whereas crime rates seem to be stable or falling in Europe, they are rising in Africa (Institute for Security Studies & Africa Check, 2014). African governments and international donors are aware of this failure of the state criminal justice system and are actively seeking out alternatives or complements from the non-state sector. As Baker (2009) and Jenkins (2013) observe, this is a diverse sector including actors such as traditional rulers, informal levels of government, religious organisations, community-based organisations, and youth groups, most of whom operate at the community level. The activities of these actors in non-state sectors are what we call community-based crime prevention (CBCP) practices. These practices take numerous forms and are widespread. Forms of CBCP include ethnic militias, religious militias, vigilante groups, community-paid neighbourhood guards, and volunteer neighbourhood watches,

AI is having a transformational impact on journalistic practice, as it is now part of news gathering, production and delivery around the world, from small local newsrooms to global organizations. At the same time the collapse of local news provision is having dire consequences for local communities and, more broadly, for democratic societies. As news deserts are on the rise in Europe, the need to study this phenomenon and address risks and opportunities for regional/local media in different geographic contexts is important. Focusing on Greece, a media market that has undergone severe economic recession, this study advances knowledge about what AI can do to transform journalism practice in the countries that belong to the broader Mediterranean basin. It investigates how the Greek local journalists perceive AI technology. Furthermore, it identifies constraints and explores opportunities for the use of AI in Greek local newsrooms. To address these aims, this study employs a survey to examine the implementation of AI in local newsrooms, specifically focusing on its integration into the daily routine of local journalists. Our findings suggest that local media journalists remain largely unaware of the potential AI tools that could significantly enhance their daily tasks.

Program planning Is a crucial thing to be designed in order to provide a basic foundation for running an activity and to assess the progress of the job. A well designed program planning will play an Important role In providing a framework to the Implementation stage of the ...

Participatory Communication is one stage of the inevitable changes of communication which turns out the rational of sustainable development. The idea of participation and participatory communication came forth as early as 80s but still many developing and less developed nations hardly take the advantages of it. The importance of public participation seems intentionally ignored or whether public is deprived and mislead which in return stops them to empower themselves. This is the situation in many rural areas of the country. Moreover in the state of Manipur, through which Trans Asia Highway is passing, people in the rural are still fighting against socioeconomic constrain, insecure life, unemployment, poverty etc. Looking reasonably into the matter, the study on participatory communication was set out during 2015-16 in Manipur valley where development is at the outset and the transition from traditional to modern would be undeniable. The study reasonably reveals the resonance between affordability, usage and responsibility of media and where public stands whether to participate for sustainable development or to moil against poverty is a big perplexity. Yet another issue is public's trust in Government's plans and programmes and its implementation. As such people in the state had already experienced the debile functioning of the development projects, now they become more prone to participation in development issues. This study reveals the way how they participate and where media stands for a sustainable development.

Conflicts have been an inseparable and undeniable challenge that our society confronts reiterate in due course of its transformation encompassing different aspects. As such; culture, tradition, identity, boundary or language are claimed to be the crux of such conflicts and is a vogue in such a culturally diverse society like Manipur. The cold war within each, what so-called ethnic groups purposively mobilize, embracing sympathy, redact another brick between humanitarian relations of beyond culture which have been transcending since time immemorial. The seeds of differentiation among the ethnic conglomerates sown seem not for identity protection rather a vested interest of a few. The disagreements between such ethnocentric groups frequently invite an elusive state of prejudice to compensate the long-run demand of autonomy and this is where media with all its ethics and responsibilities trying to douse the flame of hateful. Without a step aback, media mediates to assist in resolving the disagreements acknowledging the arduousness to resolve legitimately. Thus, this article emphasizes local media which in turn voices an incumbent or a game-changer for this chronic disease to cure permanently, wherein public participation is advisable for long-run to be the ultimate weapon. Media, in fact, is the centrifugal force for all segments, of course with different parameters, for instance, class division in a materialistic society wherein 'bourgeois' aristocratically suppress the 'proletariat' in what so-called democratic society. Moreover, the study will show how the ramification of ethnic-sovereign exists in the culturally plural society of Manipur. Nevertheless, media holds its position firmly today exercising all its forms to weave again the torn apart ethnics of recent years, alarming the public, presuming hypothetically the ultimatum path of legitimate emancipation of public for liberal participation beyond the horizon of class or ethnic classification.

The inability of state and non-state actors to effectively communicate climate change using indigenous communication approaches continues to be a barrier to achieving mitigation and adaptation practices among rural farmers. In a study population of 3,748 rural farmers, the study was conducted to provide an understanding of the role of Indigenous communication approaches for climate change mitigation and adaptation among rural farmers using the Kawu, Igu, Zuma, Dota, Kaida, and Dobi communities of Bwari and Gwagwalada Area Councils of FCT-Abuja as case studies. Using Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Participatory Communication theories, primary and secondary sources of data gathering, and analysis methods through Focused Group Discussions and questionnaires, the study found that Indigenous communication approaches play a crucial role in climate change mitigation and adaption among rural farmers. It established that rural farmers in FCT trust and act on information obtained through Indigenous communication approaches more than that of conventional media. The study concluded that rural farmers in FCT-Abuja rely on Indigenous communication approaches to access and share information about climate change mitigation and adaptation practices. The study recommended that state and non-state actors should deploy Indigenous communication approaches for climate change communication targeting mitigation and adaptation practices among rural farmers. Also, climate change communication by the state and non-state actors targeting mitigation and adaptation among rural farmers should be designed in line with Indigenous practices.

State and non-state actors continue to face challenges in effectively communicating family planning in a way that will enhance understanding, rather than its acceptance, making good practices difficult among men and women. The study objective was to examine the impact of participatory communication on family planning knowledge and practice among men and women in Abaji Central Ward community, Abuja, Nigeria. The study was hinged on participatory communication theory while Focused Group Discussion and Key Informant Interviews were the methods from a population of 127,900. Findings showed that participatory communication facilitates a full understanding of family planning practices among women and men. The study established that participatory communication empowers women and men by enhancing their knowledge and attitude making them accept family planning practice. The study concluded that participatory communication significantly impacts men's and women's understanding of family planning practices. It facilitates a process that enables men and women to be actively involved in a sincere dialogue on family planning practices through a communication process. The study recommended that family planning and other health interventions such as immunisation by the state and non-state actors should deploy and prioritise a participatory communication approaches to achieve success and sustainability.

Effective communication that will enable the people particularly the rural dwellers to better understand Climate Change issues, continues to be a challenge confronting mitigation and adaptation action. In a sample representation of estimated 141,116 populations in the Jiwa and Barangoni communities of Federal Capital Territory FCT-Abuja, north-central zone, adopted as case studies, the study examined the effectiveness of indigenous language in Climate Change communication. Using participatory communication theory and primary sources of data gathering and analysis methods through Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), the study found that using English as a language for communicating Climate Change does not lead to the locals' understanding of Climate Change messages. This is mainly because a huge rural population does not have English literacy, but understands only Hausa and Gbagyi languages. Therefore, the study concluded that the use of English as a language of Climate Change Communication affects the rural dwellers understanding of the issues. Hence, the study recommended the use of indigenous language for effective Climate Change communication.

Effective communication that will enable rural farmers in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja (FCT-Abuja) to adequately understand climate change issues has continued to be a major barrier in mobilizing them for mitigation and adaptation practices. In a study population of predominantly rural farmers in the Dobi community of Gwagwalada Area Council of FCT-Abuja, this study was carried out to provide an understanding of the role of effective communication in climate change mitigation and adaptation. Using Participatory Communication Theory and primary sources of data gathering and analysis methods through Focused Group Discussion and Key Informant Interviews, the study found that climate change communication targeting rural farmers is ineffective because the state and non-state actors rely on the use of English as a language of communication while targeting rural farmers who rely on Indigenous languages as a means of social interaction. The study also found that the use of Indigenous communication strategies is the most appropriate means of climate change communication among the Dobi people because they rely on it as the most acceptable and effective way of communication among themselves. The study established that the lack of community participatory practice in climate change communication results in the rural farmers' poor understanding of the issues. Therefore, the study concluded that the non-involvement of rural farmers in the climate change communication process, and the adoption of English as a language of climate change communication disproportionately affect their understanding of the issues, resulting in poor mitigation and adaptation practices. Hence, the study recommended the active involvement of rural farmers in the communication process and the adoption of local languages for effective climate change communication when targeting rural farmers and population.

In a sample of 95 university students, scores on a measure of desire for control correlated .37 with willingness to communicate, supporting the notion of control as a motive for communication and also correlated .43 with self-perceived communication competence but not with communication apprehension.

Esta ponencia estudia el discurso sobre la inmigración latinoamericana presente en la prensa española durante las elecciones de 2008. Su finalidad es analizar la información que hace referencia a la agenda temática en cuanto: a la cantidad de noticias, su posición en el diario, tipo de unidades de actualidad, definición del tema y los protagonistas. Para ello, examina una amplia selección de noticias aparecidas en cuatro diarios, dos de la prensa española: El Mundo y El País, y dos dirigidos a la inmigración: Latino y Sí Se Puede. Los resultados muestran que el tema fue de interés informativo para los medios, que el debate de la inmigración estuvo centrado en dos enfoques: uno de control/ámbito legal y el otro, en la defensa de los derechos de los inmigrantes. El estudio también revela que los inmigrantes están presentes como protagonistas directos en las noticias. Este análisis ilustra la capacidad de la prensa para establecer y asignar importancia al debate migratorio en una campaña electoral.

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine how strategic communication (SC) can complement the efforts of organisations and individuals involved in development projects in community settings. Design/methodology/approach-This paper recognises the current debates in SC, communication for development and social change (CDSC), and public relations that emphasise a deeper investigation of communication processes underpinning organisational and citizen activities driving social change. It concedes that meaning-making, collective action and co-creation foreground current conceptualisations and propositions in these three fields. Hence, the communication practices underpinning four distinct development projects are deeply examined in relation to relevant theoretical concepts and ideas to draw conclusions on how strategic communication can enhance community development outcomes in this work. Findings-The findings generated through the qualitative interviews of 20 development and communication professionals associated with four development projects in India are used to discuss the priorities and processes driving communication around development projects. These findings are also discussed in relation to five strategic communication functions: goal-setting, message, media/channel, internal and external stakeholders, and evaluation to establish the implications of this work for development practice. Originality/value-This unique study illuminates the complexity of communication around development projects in developing countries and how strategic communication theories can inform communication practices in those contexts.

San Juan is the poorest barangay in Malvar, Batangas, Philippines for having the highest number of households with income below poverty threshold. San Juan also has the most number of households with income below food threshold (CBMS 2012). For these reasons, San Juan was chosen for the Adopt-A Barangay project of BatStateU-Malvar. The 100 respondents are composed of female adult (67%), youth (15%), male adult (11%) and senior citizen (7%). They were mostly concentrated in the two sitios of Hiyaw and Balayan. Results of the survey confirmed the Community Based Monitor System (CBMS) report particularly on education and livelihood. Most of the respondents are elementary graduates with children in the elementary level. Most of them also are farmers and vendors with no other income and no other skills. However, most of them also do not have idea of what skill to have and training to attend to improve their current situation. Two important issues emerged as basis for intervention of the ...

This study investigated the potential of using digital media to amplify marginalised voices in select communities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The objectives were to examine the extent to which digital media amplifies marginalised voices, identify the challenges faced by marginalised groups in utilising digital media, and explore strategies for enhancing the use of digital media to promote marginalised voices. The study was anchored on the Social Identity Theory and Technological Acceptance Model. The study adopted a survey research design, with a sample size of 399 respondents selected using Taro Yamane's formula. Data analysis revealed that 37% of respondents indicated that digital media "often" amplifies marginalised voices, while 26% faced obstacles related to online harassment and cyberbullying, and 25% lacked digital literacy skills. The study also found that digital literacy training programmes (23%) and access to digital devices (23%) were paramount strategies for enhancing the use of digital media. The study concludes that digital media has the potential to amplify marginalised voices, but its effectiveness is hindered by challenges, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Recommendations include prioritising inclusivity and accessibility features on digital media platforms, implementing digital literacy training programmes and online safety measures, and providing access to digital devices, affordable internet data plans, and digital literacy training programs to promote digital inclusion https://e-journal.citakonsultindo.or.id/index.php/IJETER

Communication and development are perceived as closely intertwined phenomena in which one is believed to guarantee the other. This paper argues that, sustainable development initiatives are those that guarantee the participation of those who have some interest in the intended change. The paper further argues that, communication facilitates community participation in development projects. However, development interventions at the community level seem to ignore the important role communication play in sustaining development projects. This paper highlights the importance of communication in sustaining development projects in the Ejura Sekyedumase Municipality in Ghana.  The research adopted the exploratory case study approach using four communities and three purposively selected projects. The data for the study were obtained from a survey of institutional and household heads and focus group discussions. The results show that development communication facilitated the participation of co...

provide grassroots coverage of the World Trade Organization protests in Seattle (). During and after the demonstrations, IMC provided updated reports from the streets and broadcast some of its documentary footage through public access stations across the United States. While Western Europe and North America have seen the creation of multiple and, at times, very successful alternative media outlets in the past 10 years, the case of the Independent Media Center stands out in the history of alternative media in these areas because it represented one of the first efforts to open access to all sides of the conflict. Moreover, through its use of digital technologies along with traditional media, the IMC initiative demonstrated the potentially global reach of local media practitioners. Alternative media models and technologies tend to spread across the globe, and in the process engage with a huge variety of social movements and protest cultures. In spite of their differences and their diverse contextualization, alternative media practices across the globe share some common traits. In a media-saturated environment, for instance, the use of information and communication technologies is increasingly frequent and diffused amongst activists and alternative media practitioners in a number of world regions. This trend also coincides with the creation of hybrid channels of radical communication, where different languages mix and a variety of technological supports combine (Cottle 2008; Gillan and Pickerill et al. 2008).

This action research study engaged students in a collaborative examination of the construction of knowledge about violence, by introducing critical media literacy through viewing and analysis of a violent film in the context of a class considering multiple aspects of violence as a public health problem. This study began when an English as Second Language (ESL) educator viewed an unapologetically violent film, The Departed (Scorsese, 2006), and observed, "I don't like violent films, but I can take the violence when it is from someone else's perspective." This aroused curiosity about how we construct knowledge of violence through media viewing. A family and community health nursing instructor shared her classroom to explore this question. Critical education scholars argue for teaching critical media literacy skills, since media consumption is a significant part of contemporary life , and they note the powerful way in which we learn about identities through our watching, sometimes in liberating ways or recreations of the status quo Yosso, 2002). Adult education is beginning to explore the intentional use of media and popular culture for knowledge construction around gender, class, race and sexual orientation (Tisdell, 2007; Tisdell & Thompson, 2007). But this body of literature does not address violence, a ubiquitous aspect of popular media, and therefore, of our daily lives. Research on media violence has focused on children for whom it has been declared a public health problem (Muscari, 2002; Rosenkoetter, et al, 2004; Trend, 2007). Although adults likely recognize the media violence as fabricated, there is no understanding of the effects of the bombardment of these clearly constructed images that reference nothing (Wright, 2007). The National Television Violence Study (Trend, 2007) revealed a complex picture that not all media violence is the same, and multiple factors influence our reactions, such as past experience and character likeability (Lachlan, 2005; Ruiz, 2001). Film use in the classroom to address violence is likely to arise as part of a peace curriculum , and films used, such as Ghandi, typically have a PG rating. The educative use of films with "problematic content" (e.g. sex, violence, and profanity) rarely appears in the literature, except for a reference to use in second language classes (Gareis, 1997) for learning about the dominant culture. With worldwide violence identified as a major public health problem (WHO, 2002), there is a need for research on how people construct violence knowledge from media. The purpose of this study was to engage students in examination of the construction of knowledge about violence. This was done by introducing critical media literacy through viewing and analysis of a violent film, The Departed (Scorsese, 2006), in a class considering multiple aspects of violence as a public health problem.

Assessing the effectiveness and relevance of livelihood trainings on crop production training impact holds essential importance because it determines the number of trained farmers who deployed technology and enhanced their standard of living. The researchers evaluated how farmers in Lawaan, Eastern Samar, Philippines regarded the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) crop production training programs for quality and economic gain. It involved 147 farmer trainees who participated in five workshops from 2020 to 2023. Data on socio-demographics, economic profiles, training perceptions, and challenges in technology adoption were collected through a survey. The statistics used in this study to analyze the results are descriptive techniques and correlation analysis. The study revealed that trainees approved of the training delivery which corresponded to their needs and evaluation findings and gave them positive feedback. The trainings were seen as helpful in delivering practical knowledge with new abilities while being highly efficient. The training perception of employees was shaped by their age combined with their monthly income alongside their religious affiliation. Financial obstacles proved to be the main obstacle that trainees encountered. The LGU-Lawaan should use budget allocations to conduct specialized training programs for banner programs since the trainings provided by MAO-Lawaan has demonstrated their high importance and success rate. MAO should develop joint ventures with lead agencies to share resources and collectively support the adoption of technology. The study advocates that the budget must increase for diverse training programs and advocates for establishing partnerships in order to improve technology adoption.

Slums evolved as by-product of unplanned urbanization. Rapid and unscientific Urbanization is a greater threat to the developing countries all over the world especially for the socially and economically weaker section. People migrate from rural areas and settle in the fringes of cities and towns for better livelihood irrespective of caste, class and gender. Slums in Chennai are being voluntarily evicted and resettled in outskirts of Chennai city to create slum free cities. This has drastic drawbacks in the life of slums dwellers and children. As majority of people live in slums are from socially and economically backwards their lives are at risk. The paper will give impact of children and their development due to eviction and resettlement. The paper will look into aspects of ignorance and negligence from the government side for timely establishment of schools and other developmental institutions for the disadvantaged children. As many studies in India have revealed that the majority of people living in slums are from scheduled caste community. And impact on how it leads to the developmental stagnation among the disadvantaged section of children. So the resettlement of slums is a greatest disadvantage/drawback for the girls in their educational development which obviously have impact on their SocioEconomic empowerment.

This article represents one of the chapters of the qualitative study “The Professional Culture of the Romanian Journalists”. It was implemented on a sample of fifty one Romanian practitioners from forty mass media institutions, from February until April 2009. The research conclusions consist in the fact that journalists from Romania are still in a process of assimilation of the Western professional norms. Although the journalists consider themselves as watchdogs, teachers who educate the public, opinion makers and defenders of the rights and freedoms of the individuals, and appreciate professional values like objectivity, correctness, impartiality, honesty and professionalism, journalists occasionally use dubious work methods and, often break ethical principles. The results of the research prove that the present generation is heterogeneous, mobile, pragmatic, professionally un-associated, represented also by many unqualified individuals, who try to promote Western press values, and detach themselves from any involvement or political affiliation.

The study of social action through educational strategies inspires the weight of ethic factors to choose Communication studies. It allows aprioristic data about the ethics in the future journalists and mass media professionals. It also collaborates in the marketing strategies. In our study we analyze the impact of ethics and values in the students’ choice of Communication studies in the Spanish University. We analyze the impact degree of ethics and Christian values in the selection process. We observe a high influence of ethics (humanistic and holistic ethics in the training, religious orientation) as a factor considered to select the Communication studies.

This study delves into the communication modes and cultural importance of soothsaying practices in the Upper East Region of Ghana, employing Symbolic Interactionism and Ritual Communication Theory as theoretical frameworks. Utilizing qualitative research methods, including structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and participant observation, the study seeks to examine the diverse communicative modes adopted by soothsayers, encompassing verbal, non-verbal, and symbolic modalities. Thematic analysis was employed to identify and analyze patterns and themes pertaining to the communication modes, methods and practices, as well as their cultural meanings. The study elucidated the cultural ramifications and societal relevance of soothsaying practices within this region, providing a comprehensive understanding of their role in local traditions and community dynamics. Among the main findings of the study revealed that placing money on the shrine or altar as part of the ritual process is viewed as a form of energy exchange, facilitating communication between the client, the soothsayer, and the spiritual entities involved. It symbolizes the client's commitment and sincerity in seeking spiritual help. Based on the findings, the study offers recommendations for preserving these practices, integrating them into broader cultural heritage initiatives, and promoting their understanding and appreciation within and beyond the local communities.

In May 2023, a workshop took place at Hacettepe University featuring Austrian author Alois Hotschnig. The event focused on Hotschnig's work titled „Der Silberfuchs meiner Mutter“. Participants directed questions to the author that pertained to this particular work. Hotschnig's perspectives contributed to comprehending the literary and societal aspects of the piece, providing participants with a deeper understanding of the work. The aim of this article is to make accessible the insights shared by the author regarding the literary significance, offering interested individuals an improved opportunity to rasp the text.

Background HIV remains one of the major global public health challenges, having claimed over 36 million lives so far, especially in sub-Saharan African countries like Nigeria. This study aimed to look into the trends in HIV-related knowledge, behavior and testing among young women in Nigeria. Methods This study used data extracted from women aged 15-24 years who indicated that they had undergone HIV testing from the Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) for 2007, 2011, and 2016. Across these surveys, similar sampling designs were applied, using a two-stage cluster sampling to generate a nationally representative sample of households. In the first stage, clusters were selected using the most recent available census from sampling frames. In the second stage, households were selected from each cluster. There was stratification of urban and rural for the different sampled clusters. The analysis was performed using STATA 17 software. Results Northwest and South-South geopolitical zones, rural residential status and good knowledge about HIV were significantly associated with HIV testing. From 2011 to 2016, young women with primary education were significantly associated with reduced odds of HIV testing compared to those with at least secondary education. Young women with good behavior towards HIV prevention were significantly associated with higher odds of HIV testing, ranging from 1.7 times higher in 2011 to 1.8 times higher in 2016 compared with young women with poor behavior. Conclusion By prioritizing education, integrating HIV education and testing into school-based programs, and increasing access to healthcare services in rural areas, we can empower adolescents to make informed decisions about their health and reduce the spread of HIV.

Community radio distinguishes itself from mainstream media by embracing people’s participation and localism and amplifying unheard voices. As AI becomes prevalent in media, its content-creation capabilities redefine production values. This shift may negatively affect community radio by weakening participation, disengaging local identity, and homogenising content. This paper explores the implications of AI integration with community radio, discussing ethical caveats and participatory downsides of adopting AI in maintaining the platform’s human and participatory nature. It elaborates on Paulo Freire’s critical consciousness concept to argue for a cautious AI integration, ensuring it remains a tool for empowerment and democracy rather than control.

This study aims to understand intergenerational social mobility among rural-to-urban migrants in Leh, Ladakh, with a focus on the educational attainment, occupational shifts, and income changes. As Ladakh undergoes rapid socioeconomic transformation, migration to Leh has emerged as a significant phenomenon, driven by urban-centric development and economic opportunities. By comparing the educational, occupational, and income statuses of migrants with those of their fathers, this research evaluates the extent to which migration facilitates upward mobility. The findings reveal notable improvements in education, employment opportunities, and economic standing for migrants, underscoring the transformative role of migration leading to social mobility among them. However, the study also highlights challenges such as weakened rural ties, rising urban living costs, housing shortages, and environmental concerns, which complicate the sustainability of these gains. Drawing on quantitative data, this research contributes to the understanding of migration as a catalyst for socioeconomic advancement in Ladakh.

Usaha budidaya ayam petelur yang digagas oleh BUMDes Dua Cahaya Daleman merupakan inisiatif strategis dalam mendorong kemandirian ekonomi desa, peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADes), dan ketahanan pangan lokal. Proposal ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan potensi sumber daya alam dan manusia di Desa Daleman dengan membangun sistem produksi telur ayam skala kecil-menengah yang terintegrasi. Kajian mencakup aspek pasar, teknis, finansial, sosial, dan lingkungan, yang menunjukkan bahwa permintaan telur di wilayah sekitar cukup tinggi dan belum sepenuhnya dipenuhi oleh produksi lokal. Analisis kelayakan menunjukkan bahwa usaha ini mampu menghasilkan laba bersih bulanan sebesar Rp10,9 juta dengan Return on Investment (ROI) selama 19–26 bulan. Selain memberikan dampak ekonomi, program ini juga berkontribusi terhadap penyediaan pupuk organik, penyerapan tenaga kerja, serta pelatihan beternak bagi warga. Dengan pendekatan ramah lingkungan dan mitigasi risiko yang terukur, usaha ini dinilai layak, berkelanjutan, dan memiliki potensi replikasi di desa lain. BUMDes sebagai entitas ekonomi desa memiliki peran strategis dalam membangun ekosistem usaha berbasis potensi lokal yang inklusif dan berdaya saing.

Induction ceremonies in Nigerian Theatre Arts departments serve as symbolic rites of passage, marking the formal entry of students into the professional and philosophical world of the theatre. While often treated as celebratory events, these ceremonies are deeply embedded in cultural, institutional, and performative traditions that reflect the unique identity of theatre practice in Nigerian higher education. This paper explores the historical origins, symbolic elements, and evolving functions of induction ceremonies across Theatre and Film departments in Nigeria. It critically examines how these rituals contribute to the construction of academic and artistic identity, reinforce community belonging, and institutionalise cultural and theatrical values among students. Drawing from selected examples across Nigerian universities and supported by scholarly perspectives on performative rites, the study also investigates challenges facing the practice, such as misinterpretation. Ultimately, the paper situates the induction ceremony as a crucial pedagogical and cultural tool that aligns traditional theatrical expressions with academic development and professional orientation.

This article focuses on the principles of participatory development communication. It is argued that that participation may exist only on a conceptual and ideological level in government policies in South Africa, resulting in the practice of diffusion communication. This article reports on how the communication approach of the Thusong Service Centres with their communities in Tshwane align with the normative principles of participatory   development communication. A qualitative research approach was adopted to gather data, and purposive sampling was used, focusing on the six Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane, which are considered to be development communication vehicles. It was found that Thusong Service Centres do not fully meet the required principles of participatory development communication, which was used as the theoretical framework in this research. This inadequate alignment with the principles of participatory development communication implies that authentic development is...

This study examines the impact of media ownership structure on press freedom in Imo State, Nigeria. For decades now, ownership and control of the media have been a thing of concern among communication scholars across the globe. This is because the concept usually has an adverse effects on media content. The belief that ownership ultimately determines the nature and contents of the media is not just a Marxist theory but virtually common-sense axiom that affirms the saying that the content of the media always reflects the interest of those who finance them. As such, media ownership and control are today a topic of discourse in the practice of journalism in Nigeria, most especially because media owners always use the media owner's under their control as a tool to project their ideas even at the detriment of developmental issues. This study thus examined the impact of media ownership on press freedom in Imo State, Nigeria. While adopting the media ownership theory and the political economy theory, the study revealed that the concentration of media ownership in the hands of capitalists' economists have grave consequences in the democratic foundations and rights of Imolites and Nigerians to accurate, objective and unbiased news reports and reportage.

This article draws upon the Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS) State of Media and Communication Report to examine the implications of a changing media landscape for journalism practice in the Pacific region. The report contributes to an understanding of the diverse media and communications environments in the Pacific Islands (PI) region and captures aspects of the variations both in media, and in context, across and within the 14 Pacific Islands countries. This article highlights the need for synergies in the Pacific Islands to strengthen legislation, capacity-building initiatives and content production in a fast-changing digital environment.

This research analyzes vocabulary-related issues and oral communication problems of EFL learners at Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Walisongo Semarang. Students gave their feedback through questionnaires which measured their perceptions of self-rated vocabulary knowledge and their perceived communication barriers, alongside attention to vocabulary importance for oral communication. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data was obtained from a sample of 100 intermediate speaking course students. The data generated showed that the participants experienced the lack of vocabulary as the most salient barrier to effective oral communication. This was corroborated by the fact that the majority of participants had limited vocabulary and inability to articulate complex ideas fluently and flexibly in speech. Most respondents also value vocabulary instruction and expressed strong motivation to improve their articulate skills. Considering these results proved the working hypotheses regarding vocabulary instruction emphasize that sophisticated instruction is needed in order to give value for vocabulary. This study empirically confirms the claim on the lack of vocabulary and emphasizes the essential need of contextualized vocabulary instruction designed within the EFL curriculum which is specifically intended to develop learners' communicative competence. The findings suggest that both explicit and contextualized vocabulary acquiring strategies are crucial in developing oral proficiency in EFL settings.

History itself proves the force behind all revolutionary change in society is communication. There are many modes of effective communication like newspapers, television or radio. Community Radio is also one of them. However, community radio (CR) is not as much in the limelight as other modes of media. In India, community radio plays a pivotal role in different time phases and still contributes to emotional and behavioral changes in our society. These multi-directional changes foster positive change in our lifestyles, thought processes, beliefs and social behavior. The present paper aims to analyze the psychological impact of community radio on indigenous behaviour and lifestyle of Indians.

The study on agriculture as one of the most crucial sectors of most nations in the world cannot be overemphasized. This is the source of food for beings and raw materials for other sectors such as the Industrial sector. Thus, agriculture of this country (Nigeria) comprises of aggregate of all the sub-sectors (Crop production, forestry, fishery & livestock) produced from various states such as Oyo state. This study therefore examines the empirical analysis of some selected crops in Oyo state over a while on the aggregate crop production of this nation. The selected crops for this study as the independent variables are yam, maize, cassava, cocoyam, groundnut, bean, guinea corn, and melon. The analysis was carried out with the aid of descriptive and correlation analysis. The result presents that there is a positive relationship between some of these examined crops in Oyo state (yams, cassava, bean, guinea corn, groundnut, and maize) with the nation's crop production. Following the findings, the study therefore suggests the need to support and promote the following crops (yams, cassava, bean, guinea corn, groundnut, and maize) through economic policies and finances especially the small-scale farmers of the state.

As sustainability is becoming a bigger global concern, sustainable development operations require new partnerships and a multiplicity of communication practices among various stakeholders. Private enterprises with social, ecological and ethical concerns can be among those stakeholders, but their role in development communication has received limited attention. To address this deficit, this article explores the capacity of small private enterprises to empower farming communities, through a dialogical model of communication. Focusing on Alternative Food Networks, the article argues that market exchanges are mediated by social relations that can bring to light an alternative and ethical side of the global market. These relations are examined empirically through a qualitative case study: a community of farmers in South India and their relation with small private enterprises from Europe and North America. The findings reveal significant ways in which these partnerships can prove empowering for farmers, showing there is fertile ground for more active involvement of enterprises in development communication practices.

Aim: Disasters continue to wreck both developed and developing countries, causing high mortality and suffering and damage to local economies and also impede development. Ghana is exposed to natural hazards, and the country’s susceptibility to these disasters has increased in both frequency and complexity over the years. This requires an understanding of disaster planning and resource allocation, legitimised in stakeholders who exercise power and urgency to manage and mitigate external uncertainties and internal complexities. The study aimed to examine the exercise of power, legitimacy, and urgency of stakeholders in disaster risk management in the Accra Metropolitan Area. Study Design: Qualitative case study design involving respondents purposively selected from Accra Metropolitan Area and local communities was employed. We used in-depth interviews and desk reviews of policy documents to assess stakeholder role in disaster risk management. We analysed the data using the Interpretati...

In this brilliant lecture Professor Nabanita DebSen showed that the Ramayana story was also told by the ordinary women of India in the form of songs. These stories painted Sita as the main character of Ramayana and Rama was depicted as an irresponsible and coward husband who caused sufferings to his honest wife Sita.

The Indian epic Ramayana is old but it also had its precursors. In this small but significant book the renowned  scholar  Sukumar Sen set out to trace the evolution of Ramayana and its myriad diversity across space and time often crossing the boundaries of India. 
Sen in categorical terms distinguished his method as one of history from that of a religious believer. He argued that historical method is dependent upon hard evidence and logic while that of a religious believer rested outside the domain of proofs and logic but on faith. Sen however, did not see any quarrel between the two groups. He concluded that belief in history, and belief in religion, both were true at their own domains but could not be true simultaneously (Sen, 1977:1).
In the Preface of the book Sen concluded that he sought apology from the believers and quite interestingly, wished that he would be happy if the religious believers do not read this book (Sen 1977: iii).

The renowned  scholar Sukumar Sen set out to trace the evolution of Ramayana and its myriad diversity across space and time often crossing the boundaries of India. Sukumar Sen in categorical terms distinguished his method as one of history from that of a religious believer. He argued that historical method is dependent upon hard evidence and logic while that of a religious believer rested outside the domain of proofs and logic but on faith. Sen however, did not see any quarrel between the two groups. He concluded that belief in history, and belief in religion, both were true at their own domains but could not be true simultaneously (Sen, 1977:1). In the Preface of the book Sen concluded that he sought apology from the believers and quite interestingly, wished that he would be happy if the religious believers do not read this book (Sen 1977: iii).