Climate Politics

Umfangreiche mikrobiologische Untersuchungen des Hornmistpräparates zeigen eine charakteristische bakterielle Komposition und spezielle Enzymaktivitäten. Letztere haben eine Wirkung vergleichbar dem pflanzeneigenen Hormon Auxin. P500 scheint die Effizienz der Bodenbakterien zu erhöhen.

Climate Change is one of the major concerns of our contemporary world. However, the reflection of environmental concerns and imminent climate change was missing from the centre stage of literary activities till the turn of twentieth century. There were glimpses of changing nature in terms of floods, hurricanes and ice melting in some of the works categorized as 'science fiction' but it was not actively dealt with as a major theme or argument in the mainstream literature. The ever rising monster of Climate Change, however, has become part of our existence. Therefore, few of the contemporary authors have taken this issue up in their fictional and non fictional writings. Amongst the contemporary literary giants, Amitav Ghosh has embraced the issues of climate change and environmental concerns. The paper discusses how Amitav Ghosh has expressed his environmental concerns and analysis of the impeding dangers of climate change in The Great Derangement. The paper aims at studying the mentioned work by Ghosh to see how the author weaves in the discussion of climate change with an understanding of hindsight of colonialism, material imperialism and the manner in which he has explored the future possibilities. It l also studies The Great Derangement by Amitav Ghosh as a sample of nonfiction to study how literature engages itself in reflecting , analyzing and representing the issues regarding our climate crisis.

In this dissertation I am envisioning a new politics that can deal with the challenges associated with the ecological ‘crisis’ by making sense of the current times and finding adequate responses. Despite the urgency of the planetary emergency what is needed is a holistic approach that can be inclusive and avoid anxiety of time. For this purpose, I am dealing with the philosophies of Jean Gebser and Bruno Latour. By employing Gebser’s cultural philosophy we can see that our current time is one of transition to a new structure of consciousness, which Gebser calls ‘integral’ and ‘aperspectival’. The transition is taking place as an irruption into the world of the present, mental structure. Because of the possibility of a decline of humanity and the planet through this process the new, aperspectival world must now be manifested intentionally. For that purpose, I elaborate on
Gebser’s methodology of aperspectival thinking and stress the need to create the aperspectival world through politics. To concretize this politics for our present moment I am employing Latour’s philosophy and political ecology. With it we can recognize that we are in an ecological mutation that restructures the relationship between human ‘culture’ and nonhuman ‘nature’. Latour’s new cosmology, replacing the one of modernity, allows us to find our place within Gaia, the composite actor of all terrestrial beings. By seeing how Gaia interferes in human affairs we also come to a new
understanding of politics. From this viewpoint we can define the political forces that inhibit the manifestation of the aperspectival world as ‘extraterrestrial’ humans that believe that there is not enough space on Earth for everyone. Terrestrials can form their political identity in opposition to those and begin to assemble territorial classes for the geopolitical struggle against these extraterrestrials. In these ways I am proposing a new aperspectival terrestrial politics for manifesting the aperspectival world in the ecological mutation.

Este artículo surge de una investigación documental de carácter exploratorio, articulada mediante la narrativa ensayística desde el campo cultural, en diálogo con aportes del psicoanálisis contemporáneo. Su propósito es trazar una reflexión crítica sobre la transición entre dos relatos dominantes -el mito del desarrollo y el mito digital-que han orientado imaginarios colectivos y prácticas sociales en distintos momentos históricos. Desde una lectura simbólica y crítica, se propone analizar cómo ciertas promesas, formuladas en el marco de estos relatos disruptivos, devienen en discursos vacíos que no solo generan decepción, sino que perpetúan un ciclo de desconfianza estructural. Cuando el compromiso se transforma en ilusión -una expectativa que nunca se concreta-se configura una estrategia falaz más que una contradicción, revelando una lógica que privilegia la apariencia por sobre la realidad. Las promesas (rotas), en este sentido, no constituyen meros errores contingentes, sino síntomas de una cultura que vulnera la autenticidad del vínculo social. Una confianza ilusoria alimentada por cada palabra incumplida, deja una marca en la memoria colectiva que erosiona los lazos sociales y facilita procesos de deshumanización. Históricamente, el mito ha operado como instrumento ancestral para explicar y fascinar el mundo desde cierta promesa de sentido que articula origen, destino y orden humano. Sin embargo, en los contextos actuales, esta función se reedita tensionada por el incumplimiento sistemático de sus promesas, reflejando el conflicto entre técnica y ética, entre progreso y escarmiento. Desde mediados del siglo XX, el concepto de "desarrollo" se consolidó como narrativa hegemónica, legitimando políticas económicas, sociales y

Mexico) lives in Albuquerque, NM, and works as an independent consultant for Native American communities and schools. She has published stories and poems in various anthologies. *Native American refers to contemporary U.S. indigenous people. Indian refers to these same people in a historical sense. I grew up speaking English, but English is not my language. It is the language of my conquerors, and my speaking it serves to remind me and others that I am of a conquered people. My mother tongues are Cherokee and Choctaw. However, I have virtually no knowledge of Cherokee and limited ability in Choctaw, which I am having to learn as a second language as an adult. Language loss in my family follows the historical pattern of immigration: as my grandmothers, already bilingual, left their respective Indian Nations and moved into the United States, loss of their languages was complete by the third

A culture organizes social relations in a way that maintains the group’s ability to effectively respond to conditions imposed by reality. However, cultural researchers stress that there are macro-level conditions imposed on societies that are beyond their means of effective response in that current macro level techno-economic forces pose a new threat to cultures. Also, the knowledge needed for responding to the challenge could necessarily involve cooperation with the forces that are most responsible for creating the challenging conditions. This article analyzes the impact that the forces of techno-economic determinism impose on cultures and offers a theoretical model for a progressive and sustainable response (i.e. one that supports self-determination and Human Rights). This article contributes to social science research on multi-level social action by pointing out the extent to which environmentalism, sustainability, and climate change have been under-researched as factors effectin...

Em 2024, a sensação de estarmos vivendo a crise climática tornou-se mais evidente. Em função da maior enchente da história de Porto Alegre, e do Rio Grande do Sul, e da fumaça tóxica das queimadas que tomou conta do ar do país, sentimos nossa rotina e nosso próprio corpo sendo atravessados por algumas das consequências do aumento da temperatura da Terra. E tais consequências, é importante destacar, não são necessariamente iguais para todos: gênero, raça, classe são alguns dos fatores que impactam as formas como cada indivíduo é mais ou menos atingido. Mais do que nunca, assim, é preciso encontrar palavras, imagens, pensamentos e movimentações que nos ajudem a assimilar o que estamos vivendo e agir. Foi a partir de algumas dessas reflexões e desse contexto que nasceu o projeto Cultura no Antropoceno, idealizado pela Casa de Cultura Mario Quintana, instituição da Secretaria de Estado da Cultura do Rio Grande do Sul, e uma das tantas atingidas pelas enchentes de maio do ano passado. "Antropoceno" é o conceito que tem sido usado por alguns cientistas para descrever o momento atual da história geológica do planeta Terra, que significa, justamente, o momento em que o ser humano e seus feitos são entendidos como força geológica capaz de provocar alterações no clima, desafiando nossas maneiras de viver até então. Parte do problema é como a própria humanidade se colocou no centro, a ponto de ignorar outras espécies e modos de vida que não os estipulados pelos padrões europeus, brancos e patriarcais. Cultura no Antropoceno consistiu numa série de encontros e ações realizados entre outubro e dezembro de 2024 dedicados a pensar temas caros à crise que estamos vivendo e que, portanto, se mantêm mais vivos e necessários do que nunca. Entendendo a linguagem artística como fundamental para extrapolarmos a dimensão racional e alcançarmos a dimensão sensível das coisas, foram oferecidos espaços de diálogo compostos por artistas e pesquisadores de diferentes áreas, tais como literatura, arquitetura e urbanismo, artes visuais, geologia, biologia. Neste documento, estão reunidos os resumos das reflexões, especulações e proposições dos intelectuais que formaram essa programação e que são aliados na construção de caminhos alternativos para a nossa existência. O ciclo de eventos teve como abertura oficial a conferência Antropocenos do Sul: Crises e criações para um novo regime climático, do professor e pesquisador André Araújo. O projeto ainda contou com a conferência Cosmópolis: Metamétodo, da pesquisadora Rita Velloso e, em seu encerramento, O tekoá e o bem-viver: um caminho para a sustentabilidade no antropoceno, proferida por Kaká Werá Jecupé, escritor e intelectual indígena.

Numa música, o que é que mantém junto tudo aquilo que componho, toco ou ouço? Sem dúvida existe um ponto do qual vale nos afastarmos por algum momento, aquele em que compor é tecer uma sequência teoricamente explicada de efeitos ou gestos ou símbolos ou truques, e buscar um outro modo de ver as coisas...

Global climate change demands immediate technological advancements, particularly in the transport industry that continues to use fossil fuels. One viable solution is to reduce the size of vehicle engines to make them more fuel-efficient and lower carbon emissions. The purpose of this research is to assess the effect of reducing engine size on fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions in low-cost green car hatchbacks in Indonesia. The technique employed is straightforward analytical modeling, employing Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression among three significant variables: engine capacity, fuel economy, and CO₂ emission. The data are obtained from the technical specifications of four hatchback automobile models, all of which have an engine capacity of less than 1,200 cc. Findings indicate that smaller engine capacity is accompanied by greater fuel economy and lower carbon emissions. The lowest engine size of 998 cc is used in the Toyota Agya, which demonstrates the most efficient fuel and lowest emissions. The statistical analysis shows that there is an inverse relationship between engine size and fuel efficiency, but a positive relationship between engine size and CO₂ emissions. The limitation of sample size causes reduced statistical power of the model. In conclusion, engine downsizing can prove to be a productive approach in promoting green schemes, but additional research with a larger data set and other determinants must be undertaken to establish a more advanced and precise model.

Celem pracy jest przypomnienie, że zadanie dekarbonizacji energetyki nie może być realizowane bezkrytycznie i musi podlegać procesom optymalizacji. Szczególnej krytyce poddano wadliwość stosowania metodyki LCOE.
The aim of the work is to remind that the task of decarbonizing the energy sector cannot be carried out uncritically and must be subject to optimization processes. The flawed application of the LCOE methodology was particularly criticized.

W części ogólnej autor prezentuje szereg krytycznych informacji koniecznych dla zrozumienia przyczyn nieprawidłowości w opisie odnawialnych źródeł energii OZE. W części szczegółowej autor pokazuje zależności objaśniające skutki wadliwego stosowania mechanizmu obliczeń LCOE do porównywania systemów "z i bez" OZE.

Global climate change is perceived to be one of biggest challenges that humanity is encountering today. Centrally, the climate system is the result of complex and dynamic interactions between the earth's atmosphere, oceans, and the biosphere. This work seeks to focus on the discordant debates, dialogues and narratives at diplomatic level that is primarily responsible for plaguing the global climate regime. Frankly, climate talk that is supposed to herald a brighter and cleaner planet for us has fast becoming a geopolitical power struggle. It is stressed here that these challenges could be transformed into opportunities to address our common concerns. From Japan to the US and from Iceland to Madagascar, our actions and interactions are all, either polluting the planet or aiding it to cope with the emerging disasters. The moot point is that we are all in the public square. Hence, the author strongly advocates that unless we display our responsibility to commit for a greener and cleaner environment, international actors are bound to fail in all their endeavours. Finally, the paper highlights how the participation of almost all actors starting from the civil society, grassroot governance agencies, national governments, global corporate conglomerates, human rights bodies, international institutions, and individual concerns on the issue of global warming has made it more complex, leading to a multi-layered conflicting debate. By spawning a variety of new elements and spaces to the ongoing climate talk, it has resulted into a proliferation of new perspectives, meanings, and utter confusions. Thus, to bring an end to this conundrum, the author offers a set of suggestions, to save the planet earth and not to mix the fight for global dominance with the concerns of the fast-deteriorating climate.

The 195 member state parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on December 2015 formally adopted the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. On April 22, 2016 not less than 175 world leaders converged on the United Nations Secretariat in New York and signed the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and 15 nations ratified it. As of March 1, 2017 133 countries have joined the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement on Climate Change is absolutely critical for Africa, a continent that is susceptible to the influence of climate change. The Paris Agreement on climate change is expected to assist the African continent obtain financial aid and cutting-edge technology to alleviate the impact of climate change. This article examines the Paris Climate Change Agreement in the context of its significance for Africa and asks whether the climate change deal is a worthwhile pact from an African standpoint or just an agreement relating to approaches that are standard and not tailored to the African peculiar needs, in other words, "one size fits all".

Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity, raising urgent questions about how citizens engage with such crises, especially in authoritarian and developing countries. We analyze citizen engagement on China's Local Leaders' Message Board, a government-run petition platform, to examine how residents communicate demands for public safety and infrastructure. Using a mixedmethods approach combining quantitative analysis and topic modeling of petition data, we demonstrate that the 2021 Henan flood, one of the deadliest in China's recent history, led to a sharp increase in petitions concerning drainage, neighborhood safety, and flood prevention. These demands, although not framed in climate-specific language, reflect calls for state-led adaptation that is concrete and localized. We also find that concern about the disaster and preparedness extended beyond Henan, prompting appeals in unaffected provinces. These findings suggest that climate risk can catalyze political engagement in non-democratic settings, highlighting the value of citizen input in adaptation planning.

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Open AccessArticle
Kok Edoi: Emblematic Case of Peasant Autonomy and Re-Peasantization in the Struggle for Land in Thailand
by Weeraboon Wisartsakul 1,Peter Michael Rosset 1,2,3,4,5,*ORCID,Lia Pinheiro Barbosa 6ORCID andSumana Suwan-Umpa 7
1
Puey Ungphakorn School of Development Studies, Thammasat University, Bangkok 10200, Thailand
2
Social Research Institute (CUSRI), Chulalongkokrn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
3
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristóbal de las Casas 29290, Chiapas, Mexico
4
Graduate Program in Sociology (PPGS), State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60741-000, Brazil
5
Graduate Program in Territorial Development in Latin America and the Caribbean (TerritoriAL), State University of São Paulo (UNESP), São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
6
Graduate Program in Sociology, Graduate Program in Education and Teaching, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60741-000, Brazil
7
Learning Institute, King Mongkut University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Land 2025, 14(9), 1726; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14091726
Submission received: 27 July 2025 / Revised: 19 August 2025 / Accepted: 24 August 2025 / Published: 26 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rural Social Movements and the Question of the Land in the 21st Century)
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Abstract
We document and analyze an emblematic case study of non-indigenous peasant autonomy and re-peasantization in Sa Kaeo province in the Issan region of Thailand, using a mostly qualitative, single case-study methodology. The Kok Edoi autonomous community, whose members engage in community forest management and increasingly in agroecological farming, was founded more than twenty-five years ago as the product of a land occupation by landless peasants associated with the national Thai social movement, the Assembly of the Poor (AoP), which is part of the global peasant movement, La Via Campesina (LVC). Partially inspired by opportunities given to the community and to AoP by LVC to learn and gain inspiration from Latin American experiences such as the Zapatistas in Mexico, Kok Edoi autonomy exemplifies how the exchange of social movement knowledge and experience can help shape and strengthen local struggles, and it is also suggestive of autonomy as an alternative pathway of resistance and sustainable development in Thailand. We review the literature on territorial autonomy, re-peasantization, and community forestry and autonomy in Thailand and the world. Situating Kok Edoi in Thai history concerning policies and conflicts around land and forests, we examine the type, dimensions, and facets of autonomy and re-peasantization present in Kok Edoi to demonstrate how these factors contribute to the community being considered an emblematic case of peasant autonomy, peasant land occupation, peasant management of and livelihood derived from natural resources, more autonomous alternative markets, collective accumulation, and political training and mobilization that contributes to a class-based national movement. This is novel in an academic literature that has to date focused principally on indigenous autonomy, largely in Latin America.

RESUMO: Este ensaio propõe uma zona de experimentação criativa e analítica tecida entre a antropologia e a composição musical, tendo como eixo o entrelaçamento de histórias diversas contadas sobre e com a água no sertão baiano, especificamente a região sisaleira. Os depoimentos que compõem a peça acusmática Crise de Sol ocupam um papel central nesse diálogo, porém suas vozes se emaranham com existências diversas, tendo a água como sujeito transversal, ao qual todos respondem nessa polifonia sertaneja. Partindo da noção de ecologia de práticas da filósofa Isabelle Stengers (2021), o texto explora as fricções entre diferentes modos de apreender e narrar o sertão, promovendo encontros que geram equívocos produtivos a partir de um desejo de diplomacia. Esperamos que este texto reflita a entrecostura de práticas criativas e analíticas distintas (musical e antropológica) que se utilizam de ferramentas e estratégias discursivas díspares, fazendo do próprio texto acadêmico um evento cosmopolítico.

Justice talk has come under criticism lately, facing trenchant refutations from decolonial activists, environmentalists, feminists, and indig enous voices. Yet, the need to develop universalist frames for building solidarity, combating violence, and repairing and restoring deteriorating Earth systems has never been more urgent. This paper seeks answers in the clarity of the voices of the worldwide youth climate justice movement (YCJM), which eschews arid abstractions around justice and instead situates universalist political aspirations in the material urgency of the climate crisis. By identifying vital driving features of its assemblage in the power of interlocking elite networks of transnational megacorporations and their supportive political routines and extractive regimes, the YCJM reminds us that it is no longer possible for these structures, first identified by Marx, to be hidden in the fog of philosophical charges of "onto-theology." The Earth system catastrophe is a shared reality whose ethical demand is without doubt; it is no longer a choice between acting responsibly and remaining committed to one's egotistical "life goals." The search for authenticity, therefore, is in question; in its place, an ethic of universal responsibility has become inevitable. The YCJM cuts through the fragmented particularities of identity politics today and proposes strategies parallel to those of the divestment and Black Lives Matter movements. By directly confronting the inner circle's capture of the world's resources, its extractive methods, and cynical use of 'universal justice' frames 1 under the cover of professional political philosophy, the climate justice alliance is pointing to far-reaching consequences entangled with the material effects of climate change. The networked coordination of the protagonists reproduces (capitalist) conditions of life and generates institutional path dependencies causing intersectional harms over the long haul. What needs special attention is the continual expression of these corruption syndromes in apparently stable cultural forms, along with practical trajectories for counterhegemonic strategy potentially guided by the movement. In this paper, I draw on Slavoj Žižek's prodigious use of Lacanian psychoanalysis and Marxist political theory to develop a rough-cut strategic assessment of the YCJM's chances for success. My aim is to explore whether the tragedy of the Anthropocene might find its redemptive power in the psychoanalytical rupture of children from adult entanglements in capitalist ideology.

Very Important
This book is a heartfelt tribute to my great friends, professors, and lifelong mentors: Jody Freeman Martha Minow, Alan Dershowitz,  Rabbi Daniel Chapán, Dennis Thompson, Sally Kornbluth, Thomas C. Südhof, Harold E. Varmus, Edvard Moser, Ariel Furstenberg, Carlos Zambrano Encalada, Santos Vera Sandoval, Román Faustino Fernández Adriano, Federico Fernández Adriano, Robert Langer, Enrique Verástegui Peláez, Joachim Frank, Luis Amparo Grimaldo Zapata, Oscar Santamaría Barreto, and Víctor Raúl Yactayo Castillo; as well as Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Sonia Winer, Roger Petersen, Janet Yellen, Ricardo Gelpi, Alberto Barbieri, Magda Portal, Dalia Elizabeth Zurita Espinoza, Jhanela Brigite Aguirre Obando, Josefina Miró Quesada Gayoso, Daniel Elía, Miguel Aguilar, Martin Isla, César Chambergo Rojas, Jesús Rojas, Ángel Atuncar Gutiérrez, Leandro Vergara, Ana Arias, Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, José Carlos Mariátegui La Chira, Luis Alberto Félix Sánchez Sánchez, Bernardo Houssay, César Milstein, Luis Federico Leloir, Tomás Várnagy, and Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias. It also pays homage to the brilliant and inspiring educators of youth and distinguished legal scholars Miguel Ángel Ciuro Caldani and Martha Minow. Above all, it is dedicated to Jesus Christ and Almighty God, Hashem, to whom I will always give thanks for His blessings and protection in difficult times.

Shalom! Respectfully,
Luis David Fernández Zambrano



חשוב מאוד
ספר זה הוא מחווה כנה מלב אל חבריי הגדולים, מוריי ומנטוריי לכל החיים: ג׳ודי פרימן, מרת'ה מינאו, אלן דרשוביץ, הרב דניאל צ׳אפאן, דניס תומפסון, סאלי קורנבלות, תומאס ס. סודהוף, הרולד א. וארמוס, אדוורד מוסר, אריאל פורסテンברג, קרלוס סמבראנו אנקלדה, סנטוס וירה סנדובל, רומן פאוּסטינו פרננדס אדריאנו, פדריקו פרננדס אדריאנו, רוברט לנגר, אנריקה ורסטגי פלאס, יואכים פרנק, לואיס אמפרו גרימאלדו ספאטה, אוסקר סנטמריה ברֶטו, ויקטור ראול יקטאיו קסטיו; וכן אדולפו פרס אסקיבל, סוניה ווינר, רוג'ר פיטרסן, ג׳נט ילן, ריקרדו חלפי, אלברטו ברביארי, מגדה פורטל, דליה אליזבת סוריטה אספינוזה, ח׳אנלה בריגיטה אגיררה אובנדו, חוספינה מירו קֶסדה גאיוסו, דניאל אליה, מיגל אגילר, מרטין איסלה, ססאר צ'אמברגו רוחאס, חסוס רוחאס, אנחל אטונקר גוטיירס, ליאנדרו ורגארה, אנה אריאס, ויקטור ראול אייה דה לה טורה, חוסה קרלוס מריאטגי לה צ׳ירה, לואיס אלברטו פליקס סאנצ׳ס סאנצ׳ס, ברנרדו האוסיי, ססאר מילשטיין, לואיס פדריקו לֵלואר, תומאס וארנאגי, ופרנסיסקו מירו קֶסדה קנטואריאס.
הספר גם חולק כבוד למחנכים מבריקים ומעוררי השראה של צעירים ולמלומדים משפטיים דגולים: מיגל אנחל סיורו קלדאני ומרת'ה מינאו.
מעל לכל, הוא מוקדש לישוע המשיח ולא-ל כל-יכול, השם יתברך, אשר אליו אתן תמיד תודה על ברכותיו והגנתו בזמנים קשים.
שלום! בכבוד רב,
לואיס דויד פרננדס זמבראנו

https://hls.harvard.edu/faculty/jody-freeman/

Climate change policies currently focus on reducing the concentration of industrial atmospheric greenhouse gases due to burning fossil fuels and deforestation, but pay limited attention to feedbacks between the land surface and the climate system. In tropical and subtropical regions, forests and woodlands play an important role in the climate system by buffering climate extremes, maintaining the hydrological cycle and sequestering carbon. Despite the obvious significance of these feedbacks to the functioning of the climate system, deforestation continues apace. It is critical, therefore, that a broader focus be developed that includes the restoration of feedbacks between vegetation and climate. In this paper, we present a synthesis of the best available, policy-relevant science on the feedbacks between the land surface and the climate system, with a focus on tropical and subtropical regions. On the basis of this science, we argue for a stronger integration of land-use and climate-change policies. These policies need to include a virtual halt to all deforestation and an acceleration of investment in strategic reforestation, supported by a comprehensive global forest monitoring program. Without these actions, the degradation of the Earth's ecosystems will become exacerbated as their resilience is eroded by accelerated changes in temperature, precipitation and extreme weather events.

Como todos los años, este 2025 se celebra la COP, siendo ésta la 30ª Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático. Se llevará a cabo del 10 al 21 de noviembre en Belém, Brasil y será un evento crucial para la acción climática global, ya que reunirá a líderes mundiales, legisladores, científicos y la sociedad civil para avanzar en los objetivos del Acuerdo de París, en un contexto donde el acrónimo VICA (Volatilidad, Incertidumbre, Complejidad y Ambigüedad) se manifiesta con más fuerza.

Water and climate change have long been siloed in global governance until a recent push in the water sector to integrate water into global climate governance. This move has raised questions within the sector on whether framing water as a climate issue risks leaving behind other important water and sanitation priorities. We look back to the first and premier international forum to debate and consolidate a climate-water problem framing: the inaugural Water Pavilion at the 26th Conference of Parties (COP26) in 2021. We conducted a content analysis of over 75 sessions that included nearly 450 speakers to investigate how these water advocates, practitioners, and policymakers integrated these agendas to frame water as a climate change problem. In this forum, driven by nonprofit and national government representatives, participants converged around a framing of water and climate problems as fundamentally interrelated, but overlooked water sector priorities of equity and universal access to drinking water. A ubiquitous but ambiguous use of the term resilience and focus on inclusion, and not equity, are key tensions in this emerging climate-water problem space. The water sector faces a key juncture in global governance on whether to further integrate into climate change institutions and policy structures in which water priorities may be overshadowed, or push for a stronger independent platform and risk siloing interconnected problems. The climatewater problem space is currently being defined in how national governments craft their 2025 Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement. These important climate action planning documents reflect political and funding priorities and will offer a rich site for future work to analyze how the climate-water problem framing is consolidated and described across a range of national governments.

ecent literature on the Anthropocene suggests multiple threats to the resilience of the Earth system. Exceeding the 'planetary boundaries' could lead to rapidly increasing risks of catastrophic and/or irreversible environmental change . Acknowledging underlying scientific disagreements and considerable uncertainties, we note that there are many articles describing human dominance of the planet 7 , and here we take the planetary boundaries as given and focus on the design of policy and governance structures in response to the risks of overstepping them. There are no simple solutions. Design issues are complex and challenging precisely because the threats are global, long-run, interconnected, uncertain and potentially irreversible 8 . Nevertheless, we have identified seven guiding principles as follows.

How to introduce a practical dimension to the study of climate change in international relations teaching? This article is a statement of the application of a gamification strategy in a class of graduation in International Relations from UFPB in a distance learning context, to illustrate the understanding of public climate policies on decarbonisation. The platform of simulation Decarbonise! was developed in Europe and is available online, free of charge, and with pedagogical purposes. In this article, we contextualize the importance of the discussion on environmental issues in International Relations courses and we present the operation and results of the simulation experience. Based on the feedback of eighteen students, the simulations enabled the theoretical discussion of the topic more practically and actively. According to eleven self-perceptions form responses around the simulation experience, we observed a significant increase in understanding around pricing-based policies (Carbon Tax) and alternative energy trading schemes (Energy Budget Scheme), while self-perceived understanding of multiple green policy instruments (Green Economy Toolbox) has also increased, but to a lesser extent.

The Paris Climate Change Agreement imposes certain responsibilities on the signatory countries to limit the increase in global temperatures to a specific level. To establish common legislation for these responsibilities, the European Union introduced the European Green Deal in 2019. The Green Deal includes a series of legislative changes aimed at achieving the goal of becoming a "climate-neutral continent" by 2050. As of 2023, the maritime sector, which is the carrier of international trade, has also been included within the scope of the Green Deal. As a result of the legislation that has come into force, the environmental obligations of maritime transport have increased, and sanctions will be applied to those who fail to comply with these obligations. This legislative change applies not only to maritime companies within the European Union but also to foreign-flagged ships calling at European Union ports. Considering Türkiye's international trade relations with the European Union, this legislative change, which is highly significant for our country, is expected to affect our commercial activities. This study will examine the purpose and objectives of the European Union Green Deal, focusing on the legislative changes implemented to achieve these goals. Particular attention will be given to the innovations introduced by the Green Deal in the regulations on emission monitoring, reporting, and verification as well as the emissions trading system in maritime trade. Consequently, the responsibilities imposed on actors in maritime transportation will be identified, and potential additional obligations that may arise in the future will be discussed.

Artykuł pisano, gdy w wielu krajach Europy (w tym także w Polsce) miały miejsce duże protesty rolników, których sytuacja ekonomiczna bardzo się pogorszyła, gdy Unia Europejska proklamowała tak zwany "zielony ład". Chodziło o to, by radykalnie ograniczyć emisję dwutlenku węgla.
W artykule pokazano, że to działanie nie spowoduje pożądanych zmian klimatycznych, a przy okazji opisano, jakie zmiany klimatu nam się szykują. Zwrócono uwagę na rolę prądu zatokowego ogrzewającego wybrzeża Europy.

Un análisis a escala regional de la actual situación social, ambiental y política de la Amazonia. La fractura entre países y la actual fragmentación impuesta por la intensa apropiación de sus recursos naturales. Ante un colapso que es inminente se imponen las alternativas y los medios para alcanzarla. Se analizan esos conceptos y sus implicaciones prácticas. 2da edición, revisada y ajustada, ahora publicada en Perú.

In seinem Gastbeitrag im Rechtsblog des Facultas Verlages (August 2025) hebt Marlon Possard hervor, warum die Rechtsethik nicht nur ein theoretisches Beiwerk, sondern ein entscheidendes Werkzeug im Kampf gegen den Klimawandel sein kann. An der Schnittstelle von Moral und Gesetz zeigt Possard auf, wie ethische Leitprinzipien rechtliche Entscheidungsprozesse prägen und zu einer nachhaltigeren Rechtsprechung führen können – und warum genau jetzt der richtige Zeitpunkt ist, rechtsethisches Denken in den Mittelpunkt der Klimadebatte zu rücken.

Calls for reparations can differ widely in nature, with the greedy, exploitative, and overentitled better placed to obtain reparations compared with the exploited, deserving, and needy. Hence, it is important to keep in mind the myriad multiplying forms that contemporary litigation for climate reparations could take, providing prospects for a wide panoply of actors and interests. This chapter is interested in whether litigating for climate reparations can aid the cause of climate justice; that is to say, whether litigation can help those who are facing climate harms that they did not cause. Climate justice advocates tend to look beyond victory or defeat in a single case but rather litigate tactically if a particular case may be a helpful part of a broader advocacy strategy for systemic change. This chapter considers (i) the meaning of climate reparations, which entails among other things the central need to tell the truth about mass suffering and its causes; and (ii) some initial thoughts on the limits and possibilities offered by litigation for obtaining such reparations.

Abstract
The design and operation of sustainable sports facilities are key to reducing the environmental footprint of the sports industry and promoting sustainable development. The study examines the certification systems for environmentally friendly sports facilities and the certification of nearly zero-energy buildings. The research aims to analyze the sustainability practices of two specific sports facilities – the Mercedes-Benz Stadium and the Johan Cruijff Arena – with a particular focus on energy saving, water management, and waste management. The study’s secondary methodological research examined the sustainability performance of the facilities using multi-criteria assessment systems. The results highlight the role of photovoltaic systems, rainwater harvesting systems, and energy-efficient lighting and heating and cooling in the environmentally friendly operation of sports.

This work would not have been possible without the help of countless people. Ahi'yihe: to the entire Nosie family, especially Wendsler and Theresa, for always treating me with love and acceptance, for becoming my family, and for teaching me what it means to be Apache. To Vernalda Grant, for her wisdom and guidance. To everyone else on San Carlos and in Apache Stronghold who has been a part of this movement. To my academic advisors Dr. Eric Perramond and Dr. Jean Lee, for your patience and invaluable assistance during this process. To Dr. Dwanna Robertson, for being a mentor and a friend. Lastly (but always first in my heart), to my family, for their love and support.

As momentum for decarbonisation grows worldwide, how can the transition to renewable energy be made in a just and equitable manner? In response to this vital question of environmental politics, A Just Energy Transition by Ed Atkins is a timely contribution that delineates the multiple facets of the concept of a “just energy transition”. The book criticises the dominance of technical considerations over social and political ones in current policy discussions regarding decarbonisation. It urges greater scholarly and public attention to the elements that render decarbonisation unfair and undemocratic. Accordingly, its analytical focus is on “what a just energy transition should be” rather than “why such a transition is necessary.”

Pistachio cultivation is carried out in many provinces of Turkey; however, it is mainly concentrated in the southeastern Anatolia Region due to the suitability of the climate. The pistachio is intensively grown in Gaziantep and Şanlıurfa, Adıyaman, Mardin and Siirt provinces of southeastern Anatolia, and has a significant impact on the economy of the region. Local varieties are mostly grown in Gaziantep and Şanlıurfa provinces, while Siirt variety is mainly grown in Siirt region. The continental climate of the Siirt province causes the summer to be extremely hot and the precipitation regime to be irregular. Therefore, irrigation in the region along with other cultural practices is important in pistachio cultivation. The increase in population and development of industrialization caused a significant decrease in natural resources; therefore, water resources have to be used as most economical and efficient way as possible. Sustainable use of limited water resources and continuous, high-level benefit from water can only be achieved by determining the amount of crop water consumption in accordance with the climatic conditions, and by creating appropriate irrigation programs considering the crop growing periods. This study was carried out to calculate the crop water consumption for Siirt Pistachio plant using modified Blaney Criddle and modified Penman-Monteith methods.

Ensuring consistent progress toward cities' net-zero emission goals requires understanding key dimensions of urban climate governance-particularly the motivations driving municipalities toward net zero and the critical barriers and enablers along this pathway. Current knowledge on these critical aspects is fragmented, lacking a holistic framework and empirical prioritization of key factors. We developed an integrated analytical framework and empirically distilled the most salient motivations, barriers, and enablers through a large-scale survey targeting 489 net-zero-committed municipalities-known as "Zero Carbon Cities"-across Japan. With responses from 309 municipalities, we deliver the first systematic mapping of factors perceived as most influential by Japanese local authorities. The results indicate that municipalities are primarily motivated by seizing local economic development opportunities (enhanced local energy conditions, financial gains and savings, and local industry revitalization), future-proofing communities against disasters, and enhancing the local quality of life. Key barriers and enablers were identified across four categories: municipal resources and authority (budgets, dedicated staff, and empowered climate agencies), knowledge and expertise (staff climate competence), institutional coherence (cross-departmental coordination and stakeholder involvement), and political will and leadership (the presence of climate champions and awareness within city halls and among residents). Accordingly, we discuss implications and derive recommendations toward strengthened local action in Japan and beyond.

This study investigates the effects of the 2021 flood on rice farmers in Region 5, with a focus on losses incurred during the end of the first crop and the onset of the second crop of that year. The study also proposes climate-smart agricultural (CSA) strategies to enhance resilience in the region. Region 5, situated on Guyana's low coastal plain approximately three meters below sea level, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters such as flooding. In May and June 2021, Guyana experienced unprecedented rainfall, resulting in the most severe flood event in over two decades. This flood, classified as Level 3, led to widespread damage in Region 5, including the destruction of crops, livestock, homes, and infrastructure, largely due to overtopped and breached conservancy dams, high tides, and inadequate drainage systems. Field data were collected using the farmer register provided by the Guyana Rice Development Board (GRDB). Losses were categorized into three primary types: (i) Harvesting Loss, (ii) Sowing Loss, and (iii) Land Preparation Loss. These were verified by a technical team from the Ministry of Agriculture, including GRDB Extension Officers. Results showed that June 2021 recorded over 500 mm of rainfall, leading to catastrophic flooding. The greatest losses occurred in the sowing category, with 6,932 acres affected across 187 farmers. This was followed by land preparation losses (3,516 acres; 53 farmers) and harvesting losses (2,137 acres; 53 farmers). The total estimated economic loss amounted to GYD $668,885,000. Given the increasing risks posed by climate change, the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices is critical. Recommended strategies include: eliminating the burning of paddy straw, cultivating flood-tolerant rice varieties, and adhering strictly to GRDB agronomic guidelines.

The study analyzes the impact of natural disasters on income and its four components based on per capita income data in Vietn am. Panel data for 63 provinces and cities during the period 2018-2023 and data from the International Disaster Database (EM-DAT) were collected and used in the study. The study results show that natural disasters reduce Vietnam's per capita income by 1.07%. Among the f our income components, income from other sources is the group most strongly affected by natural disasters. The study also indicates that factors such as education, trade, and the provincial competitiveness index have a positive impact on income. Based on these results, the stud y proposes several policy implications to mitigate the negative impact of natural disasters on the income of Vietnamese people.

O f all the environmental threats we currently face, perhaps none is as great or as daunting as climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions from human activities.' It is not an understatement to say that these greenhouse gas emissions threaten all living systems on Earth, including human civilization. Despite the imminent threat that greenhouse gas emissions pose, government 2 remains unwilling to take the requisite actions to significantly reduce emissions and address climate change. Unless immediate action is taken to curb greenhouse gas emissions, the t Gerald Torres is the Marc and Beth Goldberg Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at Cornell Law School and a Professor and Bryant Smith Chair in Law at the University of Texas School of Law. tt Nathan Bellinger is a law student (J.D. expected 2014) and the David Brower Fellow for the Environmental and Natural Resources Law Center at the University of Oregon School of Law. We would like to dedicate this article to Professor Joseph Sax who was a friend and mentor for over 35 years. He is often called the "father of environmental law" and he is the person most responsible for giving us the modern expression of the public trust doctrine. We would like to thank Mary Christina Wood, the Philip H. Knight Professor of Law at the University of Oregon, and Tamara R. Piety, the Phyllis Hurley Frey Professor of Law at the University of Tulsa. We are also grateful for valuable feedback that we received on earlier drafts from Elizabeth Brown, Gordon Levitt, Rance Shaw, and Lynn Schaffer. 1. We define climate change broadly to include all impacts resulting from changing the energy balance of Earth through an increase of greenhouse gas emissions. Our definition of climate change includes, among other things, changes in temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns, as well as ocean heating and ocean acidification. For a discussion of the change in planetary energy balance due to greenhouse gas emissions, see James Hansen et al., Assessing "Dangerous Climate Change": Required Reduction of Carbon Emissions to Protect Young People, Future Generations, and Nature, 8(12) PLOS ONE 1, 5 (2013), 48. 2. When we say "government" we mean both federal and state governments and are referring to all three branches of government. Additionally, while the focus of this article is the United States, much of the analysis is applicable internationally, and thus government could also include foreign governments.

This thesis makes two distinct contributions to the debates on climate justice. First, it offers a range of policy proposals that central banks can implement to make a faster transition to a sustainable or 'green' energy system. Second, it addresses the normative issues raised by some of these green monetary policy proposals, which involve shifting part of the costs of climate change mitigation and adaptation onto future generations.

We have heard many times expressions such as: "empty words", "empty talk", "to talk hot air", but is there really an empty "phraseology", one that does not mean anything, i.e., that does not have a clear referent (the idea it refers to)? Showing the possibilities of such phraseology without meaning, the paper examines its use in politics, focusing on bureaucratic language that shapes our political reality, and can be found in many constitutional documents of the EU, America, or even UN. Namely, we will try to show that between general and particular meaning, there is a huge void, an emptiness, which is used by a certain type of speech, in order to absorb every other language and its performative powers. Criticism will move in two directions: the first has the task of showing the meaning(less) character of political bureaucratic phraseology as such, and its passivizing or non-affirmative effects. The other one comes down to examining the ideological background of Eurocentrism, detecting the hegemonic character of the idea of Europe (and Western civilizations) embedded in its political language. Starting from Ernesto Laclau, his understanding of the "empty signifier" and the necessary function it has in the foundation of the system (especially the hegemonic one), through the history of the discourse of the idea of Europe, we will show the possibility and use of "emptiness" in meaning, especially when it comes to core values that are set for the foundation of one's politics.

Sinking cities populate imaginaries of the future in ways that resign entire populations of humans and nonhumans to erasure. In this article, we take issue with the narrative of sinking as 'losing ground to the sea' through ethnographic research in the periphery of Semarang, Indonesia. Drawing on recent scholarship that calls for de-essentializing the water-land divide, we set out to write an amphibious history of the North Coast of Java. We do this by following shrimp-and fishponds, or "tambak" through time. Tambak are ambiguous spaces of encounter for the decisive protagonists of North Java coastal history: sediments, fresh-and tidal-waters, shrimp, pond workers, and developers. We mobilize tambak as an ethnographic device to re-tell three episodes of this history: the shifts of tidal flows shaping coastal landscapes since the 1900s; the enclosure of ponds due to shrimp farming intensification in the 1980s; and more recently, land speculation and the coerced acquisition of submerged and contaminated land. These three episodes, or so we argue, are connected by the struggle between amphibiousness and purification, aimed at separating land from water. The outcome of this struggle is not settled, as projects of purification never fully succeed. Yet, purity-oriented practices and projects to make dry land do cause coastal dispossession and the loss of more-than-human relations in and around the ponds. Driven by concerns for these losses, we propose a shift in the politics of coastal subsidence from the purification of land from water, towards the maintenance and reinforcement of more-than-human amphibious relations.

Latour turns to Wittgensteinian or Lyotardian language games, and Silversteinian deixis and metapragmatics, as formal means of distinquishing modern European discursive categories and institutions, each defined by three criteria: the right pre-position, discontinuity from other language games, and felicity conditions. Double-click and the snake of knowledge are metaphorical reminders to not efface the labor of invention and maintenance. In lectures on Gaia, Latour turns toward a Durkheimian politics of the Anthropocene. Descola charts Siberian and North American groups on a north-south historical gradient from animism to analogism, and Amazonian cultural groups as animist transformational sets, reviving a human geography tradition, connecting to Latour's project through wide-mesh networking of human-nonhuman cosmo-logical modes and relations, and contesting Viveiros de Castro's uniform Amazonian predation cosmology and multinaturalism-uniculturalism, supporting the earlier work on contrastive Amazonian linguistics. We need not celebrate "humanity as technological detour, " but focus on the "peopling of technologies.