Civil Aviation History

Aviation security has become a global concern for the international community, especially for authorities, airlines, and passengers. Any catastrophic event due to a security breach could produce unimaginable consequences worldwide. Besides the potential risks comprised of natural hazards, technological devices, and human error, aviation security experts must deal with criminal incidents, war, and terrorism. In the latter case, perpetrators know that the impact of terrorist attacks becomes larger at crowded facilities or means of transportation. This paper intends to describe the event of Munich massacre in 1972 from the perspective of the aviation security, and then, to establish the applicability of its lessons learned to a highly-attended scenarios like the sport mega events (SME), so popular in Latin America.

Civil aviation has unique characteristics compared with other industries: it is not only wide-ranging but also an instrumental force of globalization. The term civil aviation refers to the operation of any civil aircraft and related activities for the purpose of transportation by air. In other words, civil aviation covers all aviation activities except military operations. Although generally the design, development and production of a civil aircraft is considered separately as in aerospace industry, in a broader sense civil aviation and the operation of a civil aircraft refers to the design, development, production, and use of aircraft and all related activities and facilities for serving some kind of transportation activities by air. Unlike many other fields that grow domestically first and then expand to other countries, the civil aviation industry has had an international character from its beginning. This verity is partly a result of the uniqueness of air transportation. Travel through air has naturally a beyond-border character and needs some legal requirements between countries. In addition, safe and secure air navigation and air transportation between countries requires standardized special equipment, facilities and operational procedures. Another reason for the international characteristic of civil aviation is the industry's massive need for financial investment. Generally, the domestic markets of individual countries are not strong enough to finance the needed investments. History Civil aviation and globalization move in tandem. That means civil aviation has always fostered

Business history can be a valuable, even critical element in teaching international management – not only at elite institutions and at postgraduate level, but at universities of applied sciences and in undergraduate education, too. It is specifically relevant for programs with a focus on Europe. Students should be given a chance to discover common and connected pasts of European enterprise. The article offers a rationale for curriculum integration and discusses case selections and teaching methods for non-historians. Five exemplary themes are presented: East India companies, financial market bubbles, telegraphy, the Suez Canal, and the emergence of airlines.
Zusammenfassung
Unternehmensgeschichte kann ein wertvoller, sogar kritischer Beitrag in der Vermittlung des internationalen Managements sein – nicht nur an elitären Einrichtungen und im Master, sondern auch an Fachhochschulen und in Bachelor-Studiengängen. Besonders relevant ist sie für Studiengänge mit Fokus Europa. Studenten sollten eine Chance erhalten, die gemeinsame und zusammenhängende Vergangenheit europäischer Unternehmenstätigkeit zu entdecken. Der Artikel begründet die Integration ins Curriculum und diskutiert Fallauswahl und Lehrmethodik für Nichthistoriker. Eine exemplarische Auswahl von fünf Themen wird gezeigt: Ostindienkompanien, Finanzmarkt-Blasen, Telegrafie, der Suezkanal und die Entstehung von Fluggesellschaften.