Centre of Mass

The study of non-human animals as other-than-human persons (including animal-spirits and divine animals) has marked a signifìcant shift in the ethics and politics of the academic study of religion. Charming Animals and Frightfui Beasts investigates how South Asian religions, with their sacred narratives, ritual and non-ritual practices and performances, bear witness to the active presence of non-human animals as both culture makers/bearers and symbols of spirituality. With bourgeoning debates on religion, indigeneity, ecotheology and environmentalism, this volume urges for a promotion and an in-depth analysis of the roles and places of animals in South Asian traditions. The structure of the book reflects that of the most popular collection of folktales on animals in South Asia, the Pancatantra. Such an arrangement creates the backbone for an articulate, clear and reasoned discussion on animals and the concept of animality in different South Asian traditions, or various aspects of the same tradition. Like the originai Sanskrit text, the volume is divided into fi ve books (tantras), each dealing with themes as different as South Asian animals as divine messengers, restorers of order, symbols of cultural identity, exemplary beìngs, spiritual teachers, objects of human reverence and portents symbolizing the life cycle, including its inevitable end.

A measurement of the angular correlations between beauty and anti-beauty hadrons (BB) produced in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the CERN LHC is presented, probing for the first time the region of small angular separation. The B hadrons are identified by the presence of displaced secondary vertices from their decays. The B hadron angular separation is reconstructed from the decay vertices and the primaryinteraction vertex. The differential BB production cross section, measured from a data sample collected by CMS and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 pb -1 , shows that a sizable fraction of the BB pairs are produced with small opening angles. These studies provide a test of QCD and further insight into the dynamics of bb production.

A new heavy gauge boson, W , decaying to a muon and a neutrino, is searched for in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass of 7 TeV. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb -1 . No significant excess of events above the standard model expectation is found in the transverse mass distribution of the muon-neutrino system. Masses below 1.40 TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level for a sequential standard-model-like W . The W mass lower limit increases to 1.58 TeV when the present analysis is combined with the CMS result for the electron channel.

The inclusive and dijet production cross-sections have been measured for jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √ s = 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb -1 . The b-jets are identified using either a lifetime-based method, where secondary decay vertices of b-hadrons in jets are reconstructed using information from the tracking detectors, or a muon-based method where the presence of a muon is used to identify semileptonic decays of b-hadrons inside jets. The inclusive b-jet cross-section is measured as a function of transverse momentum in the range 20 < p T < 400 GeV and rapidity in the range |y| < 2.1. The bb-dijet cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass in the range 110 < m jj < 760 GeV, the azimuthal angle difference between the two jets and the angular variable χ in two dijet mass regions. The results are compared with next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Good agreement is observed between the measured crosssections and the predictions obtained using POWHEG + Pythia. MC@NLO + Herwig shows good agreement with the measured bb-dijet cross-section. However, it does not reproduce the measured inclusive cross-section well, particularly for central b-jets with large transverse momenta.

We discuss 2f production at LC energies (f = t). This type of reaction has a big event number and may give interesting hints to the existence and perhaps to details of New Physics like susy, LQ, Z&#x27;, etc. For any search the radiative corrections have to be controlled carefully. ...

In this paper, we compute the Standard Model polarized amplitudes and cross sections of the processes γν → γγν, γγ → γν ν and ν ν → γγγ, for centre-of-mass energies ω within the range of validity of the Fermi theory. By using a large electron-mass expansion of the exact result, we also derive the first correction term to the effective, low-energy (ω < m e ) formula for γν → γγν. Finally, we discuss possible astrophysical implications of our results and provide simple fits to the exact expressions.

We present results of detailed analysis of spectral variability observed in the optical spectrum (lambda lambda 4350-5700 Å) of HD 4004 (WR 1). Basing on data obtained during spectroscopic monitoring of this object in three nights in September 1994, and six nights in November 1995 we show that the variations observed in He Ii lines lambda 4542, 4686, 4860 and 5411 are very similar and well correlated. We also show that the amount of variability in these lines is identical. We provide evidence, however, that the variations as observed in those He Ii show also noticeable differences. The projected velocities of perturbations exposed on He Ii emission line profiles do not scale with line width (FWHM). This means that the factor responsible for the observed profile variations is not coupled with the wind and its velocity law. Based on our results we argue for two-component (fast-slow) wind model of HD 4004. Based on observations obtained with the 1.22 ``Galileo&#x27;&#x27; telescope of ...

We compute the full one-loop Electro-Weak (EW) contributions of O(α S α 3 EM ) entering the electron-positron into a quark-antiquark pair plus one gluon cross section at the Z peak and LC energies in presence of polarisation of the initial state and by retaining the event orientation of the final state. We include both factorisable and non-factorisable virtual corrections, photon bremsstrahlung but not the real emission of W ± and Z bosons. Their importance for the final state orientation is illustrated for beam polarisation setups achieved at SLC and foreseen at ILC and CLIC.

Orwell-it (i njohur edhe si Eric Arthur Blair), shkrimtar britanik shumë i njohur dhe me ndikim të thellë në letërsinë dhe politikën moderne: Stili i tij i qartë dhe i drejtpërdrejtë ishte i qëllimshëm dhe ideologjik. Orwell besonte se gjuha e thjeshtë ishte një mjet për të zbuluar të vërtetën dhe për të luftuar manipulimin politik. Ai e zhvilloi këtë stil për të kundërshtuar gjuhën e turbullt dhe mashtruese që shpesh përdorej në propagandë dhe në retorikën politike. Në esenë e tij të famshme "Politics and the English Language" (1946), ai shpjegon se gjuha e keqpërdorur çon në mendim të paqartë dhe në manipulim publik, dhe anasjelltas: mendimi i kthjellët duhet të shprehet me gjuhë të kthjellët. Prandaj, një karakteristikë e veçantë e Orwell-it është kjo: > Ai përdori stilin e thjeshtë si një akt moral dhe politik, për t'i thënë gjërat ashtu siç janë, pa zbukurime apo manipulime. Kjo e bën veprën e tij si 1984 apo Animal Farm jo vetëm të fuqishme në përmbajtje, por edhe jashtëzakonisht të lexueshme dhe të kuptueshme nga një publik i gjerë.

A search for the supersymmetric partner of the goldstino, the sgoldstino S, at LEP2 is presented. The production Sγ followed by S decay into two gluons or into two photons was studied at 189 -202 GeV LEP centre-of-mass energies. No evidence for the S production was found and limits on the S mass corresponding to different theory parameters are given.

An update of the searches for charginos and gravitinos is presented, based on a data sample corresponding to the 158 pb -1 recorded by the DELPHI detector in 1998, at a centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV. No evidence for a signal was found. The lower mass limits are 4-5 GeV/c 2 higher than those obtained at a centre-ofmass energy of 183 GeV. The (µ,M 2 ) MSSM domain excluded by combining the chargino searches with neutralino searches at the Z resonance implies a limit on the mass of the lightest neutralino which, for a heavy sneutrino, is constrained to be above 31.0 GeV/c 2 for tan β ≥ 1.

Searches for the Standard Model Higgs boson have been performed in the data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP in the year 2000 at centre-ofmass energies between 200 and 209 GeV corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 224 pb -1 . No evidence for a Higgs signal is observed in the kinematically accessible mass range, and a 95% CL lower mass limit of 114.3 GeV/c 2 is set, to be compared with an expected median limit of 113.5 GeV/c 2 for these data.

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These final results on e + e -→ W + W -production cross-section measurements at LEP2 use data collected by the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV. Measurements of total cross-sections, W angular differential distributions and decay branching fractions, and the value of the CKM element |V cs | are compared to the expectations of the Standard Model. These results supersede all values previously published by DELPHI.

The production of single charged and neutral intermediate vector bosons in e + e - collisions has been studied in the data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP at centre-of-mass energies between 183 and 209 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 640 pb -1 . The measured cross-sections for the reactions, determined in limited kinematic regions, are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions.

A search is made for charged Higgs bosons predicted by Two-Higgs-Doublet extensions of the Standard Model (2HDM) using electron-positron collision data collected by the OPAL experiment at √ s = 189-209 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 600 pb -1 . Charged Higgs bosons are assumed to be pairproduced and to decay into qq, τ ν τ or AW ± * . No signal is observed. Model-independent limits on the charged Higgsboson production cross section are derived by combining these results with previous searches at lower energies. Under the assumption BR(H ± → τ ν τ ) + BR(H ± → qq) = 1, motivated by general 2HDM type II models, excluded areas on the [m H ± , BR(H ± → τ ν τ )] plane are presented and charged Higgs bosons are excluded up to a mass of 76.

A measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry of e + e -→ cc and e + e -→ b b on the Z resonance is performed using about 3.5 million hadronic Z decays collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in the years 1992 to 1995. The heavy quark is tagged by the exclusive reconstruction of several D meson decay modes. The forward-backward asymmetries for c and b quarks at the Z resonance are determined to be:

A measurement of the W boson mass and width has been performed by the Delphi collaboration using the data collected during the full LEP2 programme (1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000). The data sample has an integrated luminosity of 660 pb -1 and was collected over a range of centre-of-mass energies from 161 to 209 GeV. Results are obtained by applying the method of direct reconstruction of the mass of the W from its decay products in both the W + W -→ ℓν ℓ qq ′ and W + W -→ qq ′ qq ′ channels. The W mass result for the combined data set is M W = 80.336 ± 0.055(Stat.) ± 0.028(Syst.) ± 0.025(FSI) ± 0.009(LEP) GeV/c 2 , where FSI represents the uncertainty due to final state interaction effects in the qq ′ qq ′ channel, and LEP represents that arising from the knowledge of the collision energy of the accelerator. The combined value for the W width is Γ W = 2.404 ± 0.140(Stat.) ± 0.077(Syst.) ± 0.065(FSI) GeV/c 2 . These results supersede all values previously published by the DELPHI collaboration. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Carlo Caso.

The baseline of the CLIC study considers non-polarized e+ for the 3 TeV centre of mass energy. The e+ source is based on the hybrid targets scheme, where a crystal-radiator target is followed by an amorphous-converter target. Simulations have been performed from the exit of the amorphous target up to the entrance of the Pre-Damping Ring. Downstream the amorphous target,

Muscle weakness is consistently associated with falls in the elderly people, typically when present along with other risk factors. However, it remains unknown whether and how muscle weakness alone affects balance. This hampers development of more effective fall prevention strategies. Clinical observations suggest that the amount and distribution of muscle weakness influences balance control. We therefore investigated balance corrections in patients with either predominantly proximal (limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD); n‫)8؍‬ or distal (distal spinal muscular atrophy; n‫)5؍‬ leg weakness, and 27 matched healthy controls. Balance was perturbed using surface tilt rotations that were delivered randomly in eight directions. Balance measures were full body kinematics and surface electromyographic activity (EMG) of leg, arm, and trunk muscles. Both patient groups were more unstable than controls, as reflected by greater excursions of the centre of mass (COM), especially in the pitch (anterior-posterior (AP)) plane. COM displacements were greater in distal weakness patients. Patients with distal weakness had excessive and unstable trunk, knee and ankle movements, and this was present following both forward and backward directed balance perturbations, possibly reflecting the greater use of distal leg muscles in these directions. In contrast, the less weak proximal weakness patients demonstrated unstable trunk and ankle movements only for backward directed balance perturbations. Both patient groups used arm movements to compensate for their instability. We conclude that primarily distal but also proximal muscle weakness leads to significant postural instability. This observation, together with the retained ability of patients to use compensatory arm movements, provides targets that may be amenable to improvement with therapeutic intervention.

Stabilising shifts of the centre of mass (COM) are observed during balance recovery when subjects simultaneously execute voluntary unilateral knee Xexion or unilateral arm raising. Here, we examined whether voluntary lateral trunk bending provided more beneWcial stabilising eVects, and how motor programs of balance corrections are combined with those of the focal voluntary action. The upright balance of 24 healthy young subjects (19-33 years of age) was perturbed using multi-directional rotations of the support-surface. The perturbations consisted of combined pitch and roll rotations (7.5° and 60°/s) presented randomly in six diVerent directions. Three conditions were tested: perturbation of stance only (PO); combined balance perturbation and cued uphill bending of the trunk (CONT); and combined perturbation and cued downhill bending of the trunk (IPS). For comparison, subjects were required to perform trunk bending alone (TO). Outcome measures were biomechanical responses and surface EMG activity of several muscles. Calculated predicted outcomes (PO + TO) were compared with combined measures (CONT or IPS). CONT trunk bending uphill showed two phases of beneWt in balance recovery for laterally but, in contrast to voluntary knee bending, not for posterior directed components of the perturbations. IPS trunk bending had negative eVects on balance. Early balance correcting muscle responses were marginally greater than PO responses. Prominent secondary balance correcting responses, having a similar timing as voluntary responses observed under TO conditions, were seen under CONT only in trunk muscles. These, and later stabilising, responses had amplitudes as expected from PO + TO conditions being signiWcantly greater than PO responses. The ability with which diVerent muscle synergies for balance corrections and voluntary trunk bending were integrated into one indicates a Xexible adjustment of the CNS programs to the demands of both tasks.

An update of the search for sleptons, neutralinos and charginos in the context of scenarios where the lightest supersymmetric particle is the gravitino and the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle is a slepton, is presented, together with the update of the search for heavy stable charged particles in light gravitino scenarios and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Models. Data collected in 1999 with the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies around 192, 196, 200 and 202 GeV were analysed. No evidence for the production of these supersymmetric particles was found. Hence, new mass limits were derived at 95 con dence level.

A measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry of e + e -→ cc and e + e -→ b b on the Z resonance is performed using about 3.5 million hadronic Z decays collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in the years 1992 to 1995. The heavy quark is tagged by the exclusive reconstruction of several D meson decay modes.

A measurement of the W boson mass and width has been performed by the Delphi collaboration using the data collected during the full LEP2 programme (1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000). The data sample has an integrated luminosity of 660 pb -1 and was collected over a range of centre-of-mass energies from 161 to 209 GeV. Results are obtained by applying the method of direct reconstruction of the mass of the W from its decay products in both the W + W -→ ℓν ℓ qq ′ and W + W -→ qq ′ qq ′ channels. The W mass result for the combined data set is M W = 80.336 ± 0.055(Stat.) ± 0.028(Syst.) ± 0.025(FSI) ± 0.009(LEP) GeV/c 2 , where FSI represents the uncertainty due to final state interaction effects in the qq ′ qq ′ channel, and LEP represents that arising from the knowledge of the collision energy of the accelerator. The combined value for the W width is Γ W = 2.404 ± 0.140(Stat.) ± 0.077(Syst.) ± 0.065(FSI) GeV/c 2 . These results supersede all values previously published by the DELPHI collaboration. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Carlo Caso.

The limits on lepton radii and contact interaction scales are used to derive limits on the deviations of lepton anomalous magnetic dipole moments a=(g-2)/2 from the Standard Model predictions. In the case of quadratic dependence of the deviations on the lepton mass, the limits for electrons are better compared to low energy measurements, for muons somewhat weaker than the latest precision experiments, and for taus by far the best.

We present results on dijet production via hard color-singlet exchange in proton-antiproton collisions at √ s = 630 GeV and 1800 GeV using the DØ detector. The fraction of dijet events produced via color-singlet exchange is measured as a function of jet transverse energy, separation in pseudorapidity between the two highest transverse energy jets, and proton-antiproton centerof-mass energy. The results are consistent with a color-singlet fraction that increases with an increasing fraction of quark-initiated processes and inconsistent with two-gluon models for the hard color-singlet.

The production of J/ψ mesons accompanied by open charm, and of pairs of open charm hadrons are observed in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 355 pb -1 collected with the LHCb detector. Model independent measurements of absolute cross-sections are given together with ratios to the measured J/ψ and open charm cross-sections. The properties of these events are studied and compared to theoretical predictions.

On 23rd November 2009, during the early commissioning of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), two counter-rotating proton bunches were circulated for the first time concurrently in the machine, at the LHC injection energy of 450 GeV per beam. Although the proton intensity was very low, with only one pilot bunch per beam, and no systematic attempt was made to optimize the collision optics, all LHC experiments reported a number of collision candidates. In the ALICE experiment, the collision region was centred very well in both the longitudinal and transm Now at

In this paper we present fundamental studies elucidating the role of entropy in particle suspensions. We focus on systems composed of large colloidal particles along with a second, usually smaller species such as a particle or polymer. We describe direct measurements of these interactions in suspension, and we systematically show how these forces can be used to control the self-assembly of colloidal particles. The paper provides a unified review of the experiments from our laboratory, and in a few cases touches on very recent results.

The process e + e -→ Zγγ → qqγγ is studied in 0.5 fb -1 of data collected with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between 130.1 GeV and 201.7 GeV. Cross sections are measured and found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectations. The study of the least energetic photon constrains the quartic gauge boson couplings to -0.008 GeV -2 < a 0 /Λ 2 < 0.005 GeV -2 and -0.007 GeV -2 < a c /Λ 2 < 0.011 GeV -2 , at 95% confidence level.

We propose an empirical model to determine the form of energy loss of charm quarks due to multiple scatterings in quark gluon plasma by demanding a good description of production of D mesons and non-photonic electrons in relativistic collision of heavy nuclei at RHIC and LHC energies. Best results are obtained when we approximate the momentum loss per collision ∆p T = α p T , where α is a constant depending on the centrality and the centre of mass energy. Comparing our results with those obtained earlier for drag coefficients estimated using Langevin equation for heavy quarks we find that up to half of the energy loss of charm quarks at top RHIC energy could be due to collisions while that at LHC energy at 2760 GeV/A the collisional energy loss could be about one third of the total. Estimates are obtained for azimuthal anisotropy in momentum spectra of heavy mesons, due to this energy loss. We further suggest that energy loss of charm quarks may lead to an enhanced production of D-mesons and single electrons at low p T in AA collisions.

Jet cross sections have been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses an integrated luminosity of 17 nb -1 recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. The anti-k t algorithm is used to identify jets, with two jet resolution parameters, R = 0.4 and 0.6. The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale, which is determined to within 7% for central jets above 60 GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differential cross sections are presented as functions of jet transverse momentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presented as functions of dijet mass and the angular variable χ. The results are compared to expectations based on next-toleading-order QCD, which agree with the data, providing a validation of the theory in a new kinematic regime.

Objective: Voxel-based dose-response maps (DRM) derived from dose-surface maps (DSM), aim to identify high-risk subregions in organs-at-risk (OAR) for studying dose-toxicity relationship. This study assessed the sensitivity of several parameters of DRM pipeline applied to bladder in prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radiotherapy. Methods: 1808 PCa patients from REQUITE trial were included. The bladders were segmented on planning CT scans, dose surface values extracted, spatially normalised using cylindrical and spherical coordinates with a 91x90 voxel grid, doses converted to equivalent doses in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) with α/β ratios of 1, 2 and 3 Gy. Five late toxicities (urinary tract obstruction, incontinence, frequency, urgency and retention) were normalised to baseline and dichotomised at grades 1 or 2. Binary analysis of DSMs was performed based on dichotomised toxicity values (0's & 1's). DSMs were analysed voxel-wise using Welch's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test with permutation testing with 10, 100, 1000 and 10000 iterations, and the maximum test statistics (Tmax) thresholded at 90th and 95th percentiles to identify statistically significant voxels associated with specific toxicities. Results: The significant voxels identified on bladder changed with grade dichotomisation (due to changes in the number of events included), coordinate system, statistical test and Tmax thresholding. α/β ratios and permutation testing showed small changes in the results. Conclusion: The choice of parameter value strongly impacts the identification of high-risk sub-regions on DRMs. All parameters within DRM pipeline should be reported in manuscripts to facilitate external result validation.

This paper reports results of a search for production by radiative e+e-annihilation of particles that interact only weakly in matter. The search has been made in a data set corresponding to 110 pb-' acquired with the ASP detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center storage ring PEP (& = 29 GeV). No anomalous signal has been observed, which limits the number of generations of light neutrinos to be NV < 7.9 (at 90% CL). L imits are also placed on the masses of particles predicted to exist by models of supersymmetry.

Hadron production and lepton-pair production in e + e -collisions are studied with data collected with the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies √ s = 192-208 GeV. Using a total integrated luminosity of 453 pb -1 , 36 057 hadronic events and 12 863 lepton-pair events are selected. The cross sections for hadron production and lepton-pair production are measured for the full sample and for events where no high-energy initial-state-radiation photon is emitted prior to the collisions. Lepton-pair events are further investigated and forward-backward asymmetries are measured. Finally, the differential cross sections for electron-positron pair-production is determined as a function of the scattering angle. An overall good agreement is found with Standard Model predictions.

Abstract. We analyze the prospect for observing the intermediate neutral Higgs (h2) boson in its decay to two lighter Higgs bosons (h1) at the Tevatron in the framework of the CP violating MSSM using the PYTHIA event generator. We consider the lepton+ 4-jets+ E/T channel from p ¯p → W h2 → W h1h1 → lνlb¯bb¯b, with two or three tagged b jets. We found that it is very hard to observe this signature in the LEP-allowed region of parameter space, due to the small signal efficiency.

The aim of this work is to explore and find new closed-form nematicon solutions for different nonlinearities which occur in nematic liquid crystals (NLC) along with proposing optical system application that utilizes NLC nonlinearities. In particular, Lie point symmetry method is employed to scrupulously inspect and acquire solutions for some interesting cases of nonlinearities which have not been fully examined in literature such as quadratic, generalized dual-power law, and eighth-order nonlinearities. A variety of different nematicon dynamics are observed, including bright solitons, dark solitons and periodic behaviors. The explicit solution form for each dynamical behavior is obtained and the solution dependence on model parameters is investigated. The proposed optical system enables the flexible realization of different types of NLC nonlinearities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to attain explicit exact nontrivial solutions for the particular cases of generalized dual-power law and eighth-order nonlinearities.

The aim of this work is to explore and find new closed-form nematicon solutions for different nonlinearities which occur in nematic liquid crystals (NLC) along with proposing optical system application that utilizes NLC nonlinearities. In particular, Lie point symmetry method is employed to scrupulously inspect and acquire solutions for some interesting cases of nonlinearities which have not been fully examined in literature such as quadratic, generalized dual-power law, and eighth-order nonlinearities. A variety of different nematicon dynamics are observed, including bright solitons, dark solitons and periodic behaviors. The explicit solution form for each dynamical behavior is obtained and the solution dependence on model parameters is investigated. The proposed optical system enables the flexible realization of different types of NLC nonlinearities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to attain explicit exact nontrivial solutions for the particular cases of generalized dual-power law and eighth-order nonlinearities.

We investigate single-and double-h, the discovered Standard Model (SM)-like Higgs boson, production at future e + e -colliders in Composite 2-Higgs Doublet Models (C2HDMs) and Elementary 2-Higgs Doublet Models (E2HDMs) with a softly-broken Z 2 symmetry. We first survey their parameter spaces allowed by theoretical bounds from perturbative unitarity and vacuum stability as well as by future data at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with an integrated luminosity up to 3000 fb -1 under the assumption that no new Higgs boson is detected. We then discuss how different the cross sections can be between the two scenarios when κ V , the hV V (V = W ± , Z) coupling normalised to the SM value, is taken to be the same value in the both scenarios. We find that if κ 2 V is found to be, e.g., 0.98, then the cross sections in C2HDMs with f (the compositeness scale) in the TeV region can be maximally changed to be about -15%, -18%, -50% and -35% for the e + e -→ t th, e + e -→ Zhh, e + e -→ e + e -hh and e + e -→ t thh processes, respectively, with respect to those in E2HDMs. Thus, a future electron-positron collider has the potential to discriminate between E2HDMs and C2HDMs, even when only h event rates are measured.

Healthy older adults were repeatedly exposed to continuous, variable amplitude oscillations of the support surface to determine 1) whether age affects the capacity for postural motor learning under continuous perturbation conditions with limited predictability and 2) whether practice leads to modifications in the control strategy used to maintain balance in older adults. During training, a translating platform underwent 45-second trials of constant frequency (0.5 Hz) and seemingly random amplitude oscillations (range ± 2 to 15 cm). The middle 15 seconds of each trial contained the same sequence of oscillation amplitudes. This repeated middle segment was used for analyses because young adults in experienced the same segment, allowing group comparisons to be made in the present study. To examine learning, participants performed a retention test following a 24-hour delay. Kinematic data were used to derive spatial and temporal measures of whole body centre of mass (COM), trunk, thigh, and shank segment orientation, and ankle and knee angle from performance during the repeated middle segment. Results showed that with training, older adults maintained the capacity to learn adaptive postural responses in the form of improved temporal control of the COM and minimization of trunk instability at a rate comparable to young adults. With practice however, older adults maintained a more rigid, 'platform-fixed' control strategy which differed from young adults who shifted toward 'gravity-fixed' control that minimized their COM motion. This study provides important insight into the ability of older adults to demonstrate longer-term improvements in postural regulation.

A search for a heavy gauge boson W has been conducted by the CMS experiment at the LHC in the decay channel with an electron and large transverse energy imbalance E miss T , using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb -1 . No excess above standard model expectations is seen in the transverse mass distribution of the electron-E miss T system. Assuming standard-model-like couplings and decay branching fractions, a W boson with a mass less than 1.36 TeV/c 2 is excluded at 95% confidence level.