UML -Unified Modeling Language

Cos'è un modello? Un modello è una semplificazione della realtà Perché costruire modelli? Perché la realtà può essere troppo complessa I modelli aiutano a: Comprendere Comunicare I modelli sono applicabili sia ad attività di analisi che di progettazione Prospettiva concettuale Rappresentazione di concetti caratteristici del dominio studiato (domain model) E' indipendente dal software Prospettiva software Gli elementi di un modello corrispondono agli elementi di un sistema software

Licenza Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported– 2007-2013 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

2012

The fundamental theorem of the architectural Model explores all the possible representations (m) of the project idea (M) and it defines their relationships. [...] All these representations (m) are able to transform themselves the ones into the others, without solution of continuity, in a spiral process that converges toward the Model (M) and that improves it, without ever reaching it". The theorem enumerates different kinds of models (m), some carried out by means of the digital technology, others with the traditional tools. Its enunciation may arouse some perplexities: if on the one hand the proposed operational model show some doubtful values of didactic character, on the other it seems to relegate the digital models to a secondary position, which often are the only objective of the new generations. I therefore felt the need to work on possible interpretations of the theorem capable to conciliate a more radical vision and unbalanced toward the exasperation of the digital technologies, with a more traditional vision, which tends to recover the use of the physical models. The solution mentioned below leaves substantially unchanged the fundamental Theorem of the model and it limit itself to underline the roles of some of the elements involved. The essence of the digital technology: to elaborate the information Before entering into the reading of what follows, it is necessary to divest ourselves of every possible reductive boundary in the interpretation of the digital technology: in particular, it is necessary to verify that to the concept of digital technology is not associated only the personal computer, with its various but common peripherals, but the complex virtual cosmos of the digital elaboration, to which nowadays are already connected technologies and peripherals much superior to those that we generally are accustomed to consider. Nowadays it is surely easier than a few years ago to appropriate ourselves of a wider idea of the digital technology: the growth and the diffusion of Internet, both in the structure and in the services; the evolution of the mobile telephony and the slow but inexorable affirmation of the domotica, facilitate the comprehension of more complex sceneries, even to the less accustomed with the technological progress. Yet this is still not sufficient: we have to look toward all the instrumentations that surround us, not only those which characterize our daily life but even those present in other people's reality; comparing the ones and the others, we will be able to synthesize new ideas of remarkable interest. A rapid reconnaissance performed in our home should make us understand how it is imbued of micro controls: tiny units of digital elaboration. They are present in the small and the great household appliances and in the electric utensils; in the hydraulic and thermic system, and naturally in the electric system; in the safety installation and in the telephone

JLIS.it

In questo lavoro tratteremo il tema delle entità intese come oggetti del mondo reale (real-world object) e di come questo concetto sia utilizzato nell’ambito dell’entity modeling, quel processo di identificazione e modellamento delle entità che tanta parte occupa nei progetti di conversione dei cataloghi in linked open data. L’aiuto alla comprensione di cosa questo concetto esprima nell’ambito dell’universo bibliografico ci viene dalla programmazione orientata agli oggetti, che introduce il concetto di modellamento e gestione di un “oggetto” definendone uno stato e un comportamento. Ma per modellare un oggetto è necessario identificarlo e questo processo deve avvenire, spesso, trattando quantità imponenti di dati, non necessariamente omogeneamente strutturati: l’Entity Resolution è questo insieme di processi macchina che cerca di risolvere le ambiguità date dalla disomogeneità delle descrizioni riferibili alla medesima entità. L’adozione di queste pratiche, in ambito bibliografico, ...