Papers by Said Said Elshama
Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine, 2025
Peer role-play is applied in medical education as one type of human simulation. It is a simulatio... more Peer role-play is applied in medical education as one type of human simulation. It is a simulation method to teach communication and clinical skills; besides, it is used as an assessment method in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Peer role-play simulation provides a chance for training without any stress, developing the ability of students to think and interact rapidly with the patient in real-time to enhance authenticity. Peer roleplay simulation has many advantages that serve the educational process. It promotes highlevel engagement of students and a self-study approach in the learning process, develops interpersonal skills, improves professional attitude, and helps to acquire knowledge. Moreover, it develops the ability to recall information, interview skills, self-efficacy, confidence, and experience reflection. However, the efficacy and success of implementing peer role-play simulation in medical education still face many challenges based on its application method. Furthermore, there is still debate about the preference for using peer role-play in medical education compared to using standardized patients as an alternative method. In addition, virtual role-play simulation has emerged as another alternative to traditional peerrole play simulation via an intelligent learning environment to gain more knowledge in a short time.
Toxicology Research , 2024
Background: Mood-stabilizer drugs are associated with a considerable incidence of morbidity and m... more Background: Mood-stabilizer drugs are associated with a considerable incidence of morbidity and mortality. Aim: This study aimed to assess the pattern, severity, and outcomes of poisoning with acute mood stabilizer drugs among admitted patients to Tanta University Poison Control Center, Egypt between January 2021 and September 2023. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with acute mood stabilizer drug poisoning. Data from electronic medical records were observed. The poison severity score (PSS) assessed the severity of the patients. Primary outcomes were the pattern and severity assessment. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of mortality, the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation, the incidence of complications, and the duration of hospital stay. Results: A total of 67 patients with acute poisoning of mood stabilizers were included. Poisoning with carbamazepine accounted for 58.2% of all mood stabilizers, followed by valproic acid (29.8%), lithium (7.5%), and lamotrigine (4.5%). The highest proportion of patients were young, females, with intentional poisoning and were classified as mild to moderate poisoning based on PSS. There were significant statistical associations between PSS and the need for ICU admission, development of complications, and length of hospital stay among poisoned patients with carbamazepine or valproic acid. Conclusions: Carbamazepine poisoning and valproic acid poisoning were the most common mood stabilizers compared to lithium and lamotrigine poisoning. In acute carbamazepine and valproic acid poisoning, the PSS is a relevant score that could predict the need for ICU admission, the development of complications, and the duration of hospital stays.
International Journal of Forensic Sciences , 2024
In recent years, cosmetic interventions have been growing rapidly in the world for beauty and lux... more In recent years, cosmetic interventions have been growing rapidly in the world for beauty and luxury. Cosmetic interventions are classified into two types. The first type is surgical or invasive cosmetic intervention type which has a high risk such as liposuction and rhinoplasty while the second type is non-surgical, reversible, minimally invasive cosmetic interventions with low risk such as Botox and fillers. The surgical type of cosmetic intervention may be reconstructive type due to acceptable medical reasons such as repair of congenital defects or aesthetic type for beauty only. In recent years, a lot of claims have arisen against cosmetic intervention professionals because of improper performance of cosmetic interventions, medical negligence, or complications such as deformity and facial disfigurement. Therefore, this article aims to show professional standards of cosmetic interventions that should be applied and discuss rules that govern the legal and professional liability of physicians while performing these cosmetic interventions.
Role of Natural Antioxidants in Treatment of Toxicity
Oxidative stress is the generation of reactive oxygen species that lead to a depletion in the ant... more Oxidative stress is the generation of reactive oxygen species that lead to a depletion in the antioxidant defense mechanism of the body inducing a lipid peroxidation along with a cell membrane disruption and nucleic acids oxidation and then cell damage. Many studies proved that the mechanism of the toxicity of drugs as well as some other chemicals compounds may be attributed to oxidative stress in the different body organs and systems such as kidney, liver, nervous and cardiovascular system. So, there is growing desire for searching in the use of the natural antioxidants agents in the treatment of toxicity and investigating its mechanism and efficacy. Recently, a lot of natural plants and food supplements have been used as antioxidant agents in the different studies to prevent or treat toxicities in the various body systems that are induced by diverse toxicants. The safety, efficacy and the low price of the natural antioxidant agents in comparison with other therapeutic agents make ...
Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning in Egypt
Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, Sep 27, 2022
Aluminum phosphide is one of the significant causes of poisoning in Egypt because of its free ava... more Aluminum phosphide is one of the significant causes of poisoning in Egypt because of its free availability in the market and its low price. It causes multiple organ failure, especially in the cardiovascular system causing high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of aluminum phosphide poisoning cases depends on the positive history of exposure and clinical manifestations that range from gastrointestinal to cardiac manifestations particularly arrhythmias and shock without accompanied or previous history of cardiac disease. Laboratory investigations can assess the condition of the patient and prognosis only. Leucopenia and low serum level of cortisol indicate the severity of toxicity besides high levels of SGOT or SGPT and metabolic acidosis. Chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, and electrolytes assay may also be used as assessment tools in these cases Moreover, the level of plasma renin reflects the dose of aluminum phosphide predicting prognosis. The efficacy of the medical intervention in cases of aluminum phosphide intoxication is still representing a challenge to physicians. So, there is an increase in morbidity and mortality rates of aluminum phosphide intoxication cases. Management of aluminum phosphide poisoning cases is mainly based on early medical intervention and life-saving measures that provide a clear airway and adequate breathing besides stabilization of circulation until the elimination of phosphine gas. In addition, some clinical trials can be used to improve the outcome of these intoxicated cases such as some antioxidants besides supportive measures.
International Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2023
Drug-induced fatal anaphylaxis is a common challenge in the last period because of the claim of m... more Drug-induced fatal anaphylaxis is a common challenge in the last period because of the claim of medical malpractice in these cases. Medical malpractice emerges usually during drug administration by the healthcare provider because of the failure to recognize the allergic condition or failure to apply precautions regarding preventive measures or failure to apply appropriate resuscitation measures at a suitable time for saving the patient’s life. So, the current presentation of case reports aims to show the professional liability of healthcare providers during dealing with anaphylactic shock in two different situations. Therefore, the job description of every involved healthcare provider should be outlined based on the determination of the legal and professional rules to identify any healthcare provider who breached the duty. In addition, the pillars of professional liability should be recognized while dealing with these medical malpractice issues and different medical errors in cases ...
International Journal of Forensic Sciences , 2023
Drug-induced fatal anaphylaxis is a common challenge in the last period because of the claim of m... more Drug-induced fatal anaphylaxis is a common challenge in the last period because of the claim of medical malpractice in these cases. Medical malpractice emerges usually during drug administration by the healthcare provider because of the failure to recognize the allergic condition or failure to apply precautions regarding preventive measures or failure to apply appropriate resuscitation measures at a suitable time for saving the patient's life. So, the current presentation of case reports aims to show the professional liability of healthcare providers during dealing with anaphylactic shock in two different situations. Therefore, the job description of every involved healthcare provider should be outlined based on the determination of the legal and professional rules to identify any healthcare provider who breached the duty. In addition, the pillars of professional liability should be recognized while dealing with these medical malpractice issues and different medical errors in cases of anaphylactic shock. Thus, the role of the forensic expert is an application of the mentioned rules to identify shortcomings aspects that lead to medical malpractice wherein medical errors may be caused by a shortage of medical knowledge, lack of care, workplace disorganization, or miscommunication among healthcare providers or with the patient besides an unsuitable workplace environment.
Journal of Health Science Research, Jan 24, 2019
Curcumin is considered one of the natural promising complementary or alternative medications. Cur... more Curcumin is considered one of the natural promising complementary or alternative medications. Curcumin has been approved as a safe herbal spice and coloring food additive wherein it is an active ingredient of turmeric. It has a wide spectrum of therapeutic influences besides its chemoprotection and cytoprotection effects because of its potency to scavenge the free radicals that are produced by endogenous and exogenous harmful stimuli. A number of studies investigated the protective and therapeutic role of curcumin in the intoxication management of drugs and other chemicals. The results of these studies concluded that curcumin has an eligibility to ameliorate the toxic manifestations of some drugs like anti-tuberculosis drugs, chemotherapeutic drugs, analgesics, psychiatric and anesthetic drugs besides the toxicity of some environmental and chemical pollutants such as heavy metals, insecticides, and other toxic agents such as nicotine, benzopyrene, alcohol, and aflatoxins.
Peer Reviewed Journal of Forensic and Genetic Sciences, 2022
A virtual autopsy is an internal visual examination of the body using advanced technology such as... more A virtual autopsy is an internal visual examination of the body using advanced technology such as magnetic resonance imaging, multi-sliced computed tomography, postmortem angiography, and surface scanning techniques. It may be used as a complementary technique to perform correct diagnosis wherein it can detect the findings that are not possible to discover and diagnose via standard autopsy only. Moreover, it can digitalize the findings through a combination of different tools of forensic imaging to solve criminal problems. In addition, the virtual autopsy can be applied widely in different fields of forensic medicine such as forensic pathology, forensic anthropology, forensic odontology, and forensic ballistic. Although the virtual autopsy has numerous benefits, there are many challenges and obstacles that face the application of virtual autopsy in Egypt such as legal, ethical, financial, scientific, and logistic aspects.
Biomedical Journal of Scientific &Technical Research , 2022
Aluminum phosphide is one of the significant causes of poisoning in Egypt because of its free ava... more Aluminum phosphide is one of the significant causes of poisoning in Egypt because of its free availability in the market and its low price. It causes multiple organ failure, especially in the cardiovascular system causing high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of aluminum phosphide poisoning cases depends on the positive history of exposure and clinical manifestations that range from gastrointestinal to cardiac manifestations particularly arrhythmias and shock without accompanied or previous history of cardiac disease. Laboratory investigations can assess the condition of the patient and prognosis only. Leucopenia and low serum level of cortisol indicate the severity of toxicity besides high levels of SGOT or SGPT and metabolic acidosis. Chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, and electrolytes assay may also be used as assessment tools in these cases Moreover, the level of plasma renin reflects the dose of aluminum phosphide predicting prognosis. The efficacy of the medical intervention in cases of aluminum phosphide intoxication is still representing a challenge to physicians. So, there is an increase in morbidity and mortality rates of aluminum phosphide intoxication cases. Management of aluminum phosphide poisoning cases is mainly based on early medical intervention and life-saving measures that provide a clear airway and adequate breathing besides stabilization of circulation until the elimination of phosphine gas. In addition, some clinical trials can be used to improve the outcome of these intoxicated cases such as some antioxidants besides supportive measures.
Drug Combination Therapy, 2021
The use of bioactive compounds as alternative medicine in the treatment of some intoxication case... more The use of bioactive compounds as alternative medicine in the treatment of some intoxication cases is growing in the last years. Flavonoids are one of these bioactive compounds that are plant-based dietary nutrients. Naringenin is the most influential flavonoid wherein it is found in citrus fruits such as orange, grapefruit, and mandarin. A lot of studies showed the ability of naringenin to scavenge free radicals in different body tissues preventing oxidative stress toxicity and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, naringenin can protect many body organs and systems against toxic manifestations of many drugs and toxic agents. So, it prevents the liver, kidney, heart, testes, and neurological system from toxic effects of a wide range of toxicants. Moreover, it can also ameliorate manifestations of cytotoxicity and developmental toxicity based on its efficacy as an antioxidant.
Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Studies, 2022
Quality management in medical education is not restricted to teaching and learning but also inclu... more Quality management in medical education is not restricted to teaching and learning but also includes providing services to students. Many international, regional, and national organizations adopt global standards for quality improvement in medical schools. So, accreditation is considered an instrument to reach these global standards for continuous improvement in the performance of this medical institution. The accreditation process is usually representative, responsive, and appropriate to an institution accredited type depending on a peer review. It is carried out by accreditation organizations depending on specific criteria (national or regional or global standards). It is a certificate for proving the quality for a specific time and a guarantee for the graduate quality of medical schools that are acquiring a good reputation. However, the adoption of quality management in medical education is considered one of the contemporary challenges that are still faced many obstacles.
Acetaminophen Toxicity (Paracetamol Toxicity)
Presentation of Rapid Opiate Detox
Drugs and Toxins affecting teeth
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Papers by Said Said Elshama