Computer Science

With the success of Information and Computer Technology (ICT), E-learning, as an efficient and effective mode of education, has captured attention from researchers and practitioners. The personalized e-learning systems, i.e., Adaptive Education Hypermedia systems (AEHS) are used to provide learning material, teaching instructions as per the student's requirements. Class room Learning styles theories are being incorporated to resolve the traditional "One size fits all" issue of e-learning system. This study proposes automatic detection of learning styles from web logs of the students using the Data Mining technique, Decision Tree Induction. Kolb's learning style theory is incorporated to understand e-learners' learning styles on web. Using the decision tree for classifying different students into classes, the precision values for all four learning styles were achieved , i.e., Accommodator 0.652, Assimilator 0.5, Converger 0.574 and Diverger 0.509. The proposed approach can be used to detect the learning styles automatically from the web logs of e-learners to satisfy their learning needs to enhance e-learners' learning. Read = F&S | DB = visit | | CNT Tool = Email | | | login = No: DIV (27.0/16.0) | | | login = Yes | | | | Assignments = Yes: CON (13.0/4.0) | | | | Assignments = No: DIV (5.0) | | | | Assignments = yes: CON (0.0) | | | login = yes: DIV (0.0) | | CNT Tool = DB: DIV (81.0/31.0) | DB = Reply | | login = No: CON (48.0/14.0) | | login = Yes | | | CNT Tool = Email 422 https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ ISSN 1947-5500 | | | | Assignments = Yes: CON (19.0/4.0) | | | | Assignments = No: ACC (2.0) | | | | Assignments = yes: CON (0.0) | | | CNT Tool = DB: DIV (23.0/13.0) | | login = yes: CON (0.0) | DB = Ask | | login = No: CON (59.0/23.0) | | login = Yes: DIV (69.0/40.0) | | login = yes: CON (0.0) Read = Seq | login = No | | DB = visit: DIV (59.0/31.0) | | DB = Reply | | | Assignments = Yes | | | | CNT Tool = Email: CON (4.0/2.0) | | | | CNT Tool = DB: ASM (8.0/2.0) | | | Assignments = No: ACC (5.0/1.0) | | | Assignments = yes: ASM (0.0) | | DB = Ask | | | Assignments = Yes | | | | CNT Tool = Email: CON (7.0/4.0) | | | | CNT Tool = DB: ASM (46.0/21.0) | | | Assignments = No | | | | CNT Tool = Email: ASM (6.0) | | | | CNT Tool = DB: CON (11.0/2.0) | | | Assignments = yes: ASM (0.0) | login = Yes | | DB = visit | | | CNT Tool = Email: ASM (12.0/5.0) | | | CNT Tool = DB | | | | Assignments = Yes: DIV (14.0/4.0) | | | | Assignments = No: ASM (2.0/1.0) | | | | Assignments = yes: DIV (0.0) | | DB = Reply | | | CNT Tool = Email: DIV (11.0/4.0) | | | CNT Tool = DB: ACC (19.0/12.0) | | DB = Ask | | | Assignments = Yes: CON (42.0/25.0) | | | Assignments = No: DIV (6.0/2.0) | | | Assignments = yes: CON (0.0) | login = yes: ACC (10.0) B. Rules Extracted from Decision Tree Some of the rules extracted from the decision tree are represented here: R1: If (Read = -F&S‖)^( DB = -visit‖)^ (CNT = -Email‖)^( Login = -No‖) Class = -Diverger‖ R2: If (Read = -F&S‖) ^ (DB = -visit‖) ^ (Login -yes‖) ^ ( Assignment = -yes‖) Class = -Converger‖ R3: If (Read = -F&S‖) ^ (DB = -Reply‖) ^ (Login =-No‖) Class = -Converger‖

—With the success of Information and Computer Technology (ICT), E-learning, as an efficient and effective mode of education, has captured attention from researchers and practitioners. The personalized e-learning systems, i.e., Adaptive Education Hypermedia systems (AEHS) are used to provide learning material, teaching instructions as per the student's requirements. Class room Learning styles theories are being incorporated to resolve the traditional " One size fits all " issue of e-learning system. This study proposes automatic detection of learning styles from web logs of the students using the Data Mining technique, Decision Tree Induction. Kolb's learning style theory is incorporated to understand e-learners' learning styles on web. Using the decision tree for classifying different students into classes, the precision values for all four learning styles were achieved , i.e., Accommodator 0.652, Assimilator 0.5, Converger 0.574 and Diverger 0.509. The proposed approach can be used to detect the learning styles automatically from the web logs of e-learners to satisfy their learning needs to enhance e-learners' learning.

Objectives: Wind turbine micro siting is a major issue while an appropriate wind farm layout is required in terms of maximum generation of energy and lowest cost investment. The energy production majorly depends upon the demographic conditions of the location while the investment involves the major expenses like civil works, wind turbine acquisitions etc. Many research studies have been undertaken to cope with the problem of acquiring the appropriate wind farm layout development by optimizing the wind turbine micrositing. The objective of the study is to find the optimized cost per unit power if the wind speed is constant but multi-directional. Methods/Analysis: The Jansen's analytical model is used to undertake the study problem for the case when the wind is at constant speed but multi-directional. Findings: An optimal layout for the considered problem is proposed where the wind is considered from all directions. Novelty/Improvement: A wind farm layout consists of 34 wind turbines producing 77760 KW per year at 311x10 -3 cost per unit power is acquired that is an improved solution to optimal wind turbine micrositing for the mentioned case. Figure 3. Shows the optimal curve for undertaken problem.

Medical Imaging is currently a hot area of bio-medical engineers, researchers and medical doctors as it is extensively used in diagnosing of human health and by health care institutes. The imaging equipment is the device, which is used for better image processing and highlighting the important features. These images are affected by random noise during acquisition, analyzing and transmission process. This condition results in the blurry image visible in low contrast. The Image De-noising System (IDs) is used as a tool for removing image noise and preserving important data. Image de-noising is one of the most interesting research areas among researchers of technology-giants and academic institutions. For Criminal Identification Systems (CIS) & Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), IDs is more beneficial in the field of medical imaging. This paper proposes an algorithm for de-noising medical images using different types of wavelet transform, such as Haar, Daubechies, Symlets and Bi-orthogonal. In this paper noise image quality has been evaluated using filter assessment parameters like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Variance, It has been observed to form the numerical results that, the presentation of proposed algorithm reduced the mean square error and achieved best value of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). In this paper, the wavelet based de-noising algorithm has been investigated on medical images along with threshold.

Object detection and tracking with the aid of computer vision is a most challenging task in the context of Driver Assistant System (DAS) for vehicles. This paper presents pedestrians detection techique using Haar-Like Features. The main aim of this research is to develop a detection system for vehicle drivers that will intimate them in advance for pedestrian's movement when they are crossing the zebra region or passing nearby to it along the road. For this purpose, dataset of 1000 images have been taken via CCTV camera which was mounted for road monitoring. A Haar based cascade classifiers have been implemented over images. And system is trained for positive (with people) and negative (without people) image samples, respectively. After testing, the obtained results show that it attained 90% accuracy while pedestrian detection. The proposed work provides significant contribution in order to reduce the road accidents as well as ensure the safety measurement for road management.

Objectives: Automatic face recognition has been an important area of biometric authentication and verification system in various applications including crime detection, access control, video surveillance, tracking service and other related area. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this study, we present Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) over Local Binary Patterns (LBP) named as GOL texture feature technique for face classification. The experiments have been conducted on AT & T Cambridge Laboratory face images also called (ORL-faces) and Georgia Tech (GT-faces) databases respectively. Findings: We performed comparative analysis of GLCM and LBP method separately and results showed that proposed GOL method outperformed in terms of average sensitivity, average specificity, and retrieval time. These findings show efficacy of our proposed system.

The emerging concept of cloud computing, and advancement in mobile devices enabled with Sensor technologies transforms many areas of modern day living. The main advantage of the cloud centric environment is that this technology reduces the infrastructure and software cost and License for all. Mobile learning (Mlearning) is considering more effective system of providing study materials to learners anywhere anytime. It is necessary to develop the robust contents delivery mechanism for learning which can be accessed from internet enabled mobile devices.

Education is an important component of life because it equips us with all that is needed to make our dreams come true. One of the most promising paradigms for education is e-learning. It is commonly referred to as the intentional use of networked information and communications technology (ICT) in teaching and learning. Some other terms are also used to describe this mode of teaching and learning including online learning, virtual learning, distributed learning, network, and web-based learning. Since the last decade, there is a growing interest in e-learning from several directions. Distance education programs see it as a logical extension of their distance education activities. The emerging concept of cloud computing and advancement in mobile devices enabled with Sensor technologies transforms many areas of modernday living. The main advantage of the cloud-centric environment is that this technology reduces the infrastructure and software cost and License for all. Mobile learning (M-learning) is considering a more effective system of providing study materials to learners anywhere anytime. It is necessary to develop the robust contents delivery mechanism for learning which can be accessed from internet-enabled mobile devices. In this paper, we discuss the impact of cloud computing and supporting technologies to acquire education in a broader dimension for the students over the country. We believe cloud-based mobile learning will surely enhance the current educational system and improve education quality at a low cost.

Computer Science is all about the solving problems with the help of algorithms and sorting is one of the basic operations for any problem solving method. In sorting, the arrangement of data or objects in any particular order is done with the help of algorithms. There is more than one method available and also includes a wide range of choices in a programming language. These languages serve a different purpose in their field of the area but some can be used interchangeably for the same purpose especially for a server-side language like JavaScript can also implement for server-side tasks and right now it is being widely used all over the internet. Here this paper analyzed these languages with merge sort and bubble sort with the languages of the latest public stable versions for an idea of the performance of these languages because they are pretty much interchangeable for different uses in the market the only difference these server side languages have is their architecture. This paper compared these languages' capabilities with merge sort and bubble sort by executing them and observing them in terms of time by giving them different numbers of inputs. Analytics used an array of 2500, 5000, 7500, and 10000 lengths of an array that passes through these algorithms and noted the execution time to get a better idea of the capabilities of these languages. With this method, observes that in the latest public version of all languages python performs faster in merge sort while JavaScript performs better in bubble sort in executing 10000 inputs.

With the advent of E-Learning (Electronic Learning) and M-Learning (Mobile Learning), many educational software or tools have been developed, a major part of which are game-based applications. Even though, most of which are freely available on the web, there are only few intuitions make practical and effective use of these learning applications. Because these applications utilises various elements of multimedia such as audio, video, image and animation, they help visualise the learning materials and hence have higher span of at attention. To investigate the effect of web and game based E-Learning and M-Learning, an experiment was conducted amongst the students of three different schools in Pakistan and the results were analysed. The results of our research reveal that utilisation of such web and game based learning tools are much more effective compared to the traditional teaching methods without applying any ICT (Information and Communication Technology) tools.

The term, Big Data, has been authored to refer to the extensive heave of data that can't be managed by traditional data handling methods or techniques. The field of Big Data plays an indispensable role in various fields, such as agriculture, banking, data mining, education, chemistry, finance, cloud computing, marketing, health care stocks. Big data analytics is the method for looking at big data to reveal hidden patterns, incomprehensible relationship and other important data that can be utilize to resolve on enhanced decisions. There has been a perpetually expanding interest for big data because of its fast development and since it covers different areas of applications. Apache Hadoop open source technology created in Java and keeps running on Linux working framework was used. The primary commitment of this exploration is to display an effective and free solution for big data application in a distributed environment, with its advantages and indicating its easy use. Later on, t...

We have to introduce virtual reality system in education; which previously only be used in 3D-graphics in the form of video games. As everybody take a lot of interest in video games, so for in education the goal is to develop interest in education as well & have to achieve this interest by 3D modeling of objects by using virtual reality in education system; in this mechanism; of course computer involves fully loaded with necessary hardware & software

Objectives: To determine the frequency of Acute Mitral Regurgitation in Post Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC) patients with severe mitral stenosis (MS). Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tabba Heart Institute, Karachi, Pakistan between September 2019 and April 2021. All patients irrespective of gender, aged between 19-80 years, and those who did not undergo PTMC were eligible to partake in the study. Patients with mitral regurgitation along with mitral stenosis, or those with clot in left atrium, or those suffering with the last stage of renal disease were excluded from the study. A predefined Proforma was used as a research instrument through which medical records of patients of PTMC are collected. The variables of the Proforma include patient’s age, name, sex, echo findings, treatment procedure, post-procedure data and complications. Results: A mean age of 40.6 ± 12.63 years was reported. 86 (81.9%) of the patients developed ‘no complic...

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) is associated with activation ofplateletsand thecoagulationsystem which could influence the incidence of early stentthrombosis(EST).Stent thrombosis is a relatively uncommon phenomenon, yet it is a serious complication which often presents as an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and/or sudden cardiac death1,2.Stent thrombosis (ST) is an uncommon but life-threatening complication after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), frequently manifesting as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or even cardiac death.Platelet activation and the heightening of the coagulation system play a major role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and might impact the occurrence of stent thrombosis in those patients who undergo stenting during ACS. Unfortunately, stent thrombosis (ST) is more frequent after stenting for STEMI than after elective stenting with both drug-eluting stents (DES) and baremetal stents (BMS). Objective: To det...

Background: In-hospital mortality data of patients who have been experiencing ST (stent thrombosis) shows 7.9% statistics for acute stent thrombosis (AST) within 24 hours of PCI, Sub-Acute Stent Thrombosis (SAST) occurs during 30 days of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), Late Stent Thrombosis (LST) found 3.8% within the first year after PCI, and Very Late Stent Thrombosis found 3.6% in 1 year after PCI. From our study, we found out the frequency of Acute Stent Thrombosis (AST) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) Patients after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PPCI). Methods: This descriptive-analytic case series was conducted in 06 months data collection time in the NICVD Karachi Pakistan. All the study sample were computed and analyzed by using SPSS (20.0 Version). Mean ± standard deviation was calculated for age, duration of surgery, weight, height, and BMI. Chi-square test by using P ≤ 0.05 as significant on 95% Confidence Interval were used for othe...

— Nowadays, Microsoft Word is commonly used in various areas including industries and academia. Microsoft word has introduced great user friendly features, for instance, Screenshot and Screen Clipping, Smart lookup, Tell Me and others. Among them, Layout option button has given us to set objects with line in text. Furthermore, Different types of panes have provided for various tasks. Microsoft Word has given us a facility to greet with thumbnail image of every window you have opened at the moment. Many users while working on document need to insert or capturing images with Screenshot and Screen Clipping, they want to share inserted images to mobile via Bluetooth But, Users are disappointed because there is no any tool provided to accomplish that task and user takes a long procedure to apply for sharing images to mobile through the Bluetooth. This paper provides an application which helps users to send an inserted image via Bluetooth while working on Microsoft word and they do not to switch any window. By adding it into existing Microsoft Word it will helpful for people living across the world.

Social networks have been playing an important role to connect collaboratively, to share information and advertisements using smart phones. The popular social networks are Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp and Linkedin. Most of the users use WhatsApp as an instant message application for sending text messages, images, videos and audios by cellular mobile numbers. Furthermore, it enables users to create groups and share required information instantly. It provides to use broadcast list feature to create a list of recipients for forwarding the messages simultaneously. It has been observed that users faces ambiguity when they do not want to forward messages to particular user(s) among the list of created recipients. In this paper, web application is presented and described using batch process mechanism that consists of check group list box, list box and send button. The user can forward message concurrently to the selected recipients from the broadcast list by using the web application. The calculated results showed that the images, audios and videos are sent in smallest amount of time. The developed Web application may helpful for smart phone users.