Papers by Dr. Sukalyan Kumar Kundu
Journal of Analytical Science and Technology, 2019
In Bangladesh, use of beauty cream is very much popular and a common daily task for the people. T... more In Bangladesh, use of beauty cream is very much popular and a common daily task for the people. The current study is focusing on the assessment of some toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, and mercury contamination in some beauty creams commonly used by Bangladeshi people. The results indicate that the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and chromium exceed the maximum allowable concentrations, whereas mercury is found below the acceptable limit set by WHO/EU. However, according to Health Canada, the concentrations of cadmium and chromium for all the selected samples (except cadmium in sample coded A) was within the permissible limit. Health risks associated with these metal intakes via dermal exposure route are evaluated in terms of chronic daily intake (CDI) and hazard quotient (HQ). The carcinogenic risk (CR) estimated for chromium indicates that it is within the acceptable range. The cancer and non-cancer risk results indicate that although the chances of cancer risk and non-cancer risk resulting from the use of these cosmetic products were unlikely, buildup of these toxic heavy metals overtime on continuous usage could be detrimental for Bangladeshi people.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Mar 1, 2014
The crude extract of Blumea lacera Burm.f (Family, Asteraceae) was evaluated for its possible ant... more The crude extract of Blumea lacera Burm.f (Family, Asteraceae) was evaluated for its possible antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. After collection of the plant, it was (whole plant) powdered and was successfully extracted with petroleum ether and methanol. Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, gums, reducing sugar. The antimicrobial investigation showed that the petroleum ether and methanol extracts showed antimicrobial activity against two bacteria (one is gram positive and another is gram negative) and a fungus. From the literature review, it was also found that the plant has therapeutic effects on diabetic, sedation, stomach infection and cholera. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Mar 1, 2025
Nipah virus is regarded as one of the most notorious and infectious viruses in the world with hig... more Nipah virus is regarded as one of the most notorious and infectious viruses in the world with high mortality. This narrative literature review aims to offer basic information on the epidemiology, transmission methods, pathophysiology, treatment plan, diagnostic techniques, prevention about Nipah Virus those have been published using the digital repositories such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Results of reviewing relevant articles demonstrated that six hundred fifty (around 700) confirmed human cases of infections due to this virus were reported up until 2023. Between January 4 and February 13, 2023, seven districts in two divisions of Bangladesh (where outbreaks happen almost annually) experienced 73% case fatality rate and in 2024, again Bangladesh faced 100% mortality rate which is alarming issue in concern. The first infection case was recorded in Malaysia in 1998 with a mortality rate of close to 40%. Further outbreaks of the disease have occurred in different countries, particularly in South and Southeast Asia, over two decades later with a mortality rate above 50%. Specially in India, mortality rate reaches to its peak (100%) in two distinct areas in 2007 and 2021. Researchers from around the world are focusing on creating an effective vaccine, advanced diagnostic methods such as CRISPR-based techniques and active therapeutics due to its high pathogenicity in people and the absence of any treatment methods to combat it. Throughout history, viral outbreaks of different frequency and severity have wreaked misery all across the world and the Covid-19 worldwide pandemic provided an example of this type of scenario.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jun 2, 2024
Dengue imposes a profound global impact, with millions affected annually. Its transmission by Aed... more Dengue imposes a profound global impact, with millions affected annually. Its transmission by Aedes mosquitoes poses significant challenges to combat, aggravated by urbanization and climate change. Despite efforts, no impeccable antiviral treatment exists to date, highlighting the urgency for a vaccine. Developing one encounters hurdles like the four distinctive serotypes of the virus and complex immune responses. In this study, we employed an immunoinformatics approach to design an epitope-based tetravalent subunit vaccine aimed at confronting all DENV serotypes. The study contemplates epitopes prediction, toxicity assessment, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, immune simulations. On sequence retrieval, the epitopes were predicted and prioritized. The sequence of the finally designed vaccine was reached after a broad analysis of the antigenicity scores, serotype coverage, and population coverage. Human β-defensin 3 has been added as an adjuvant to the core vaccine sequence that comprises 23 epitopes and linkers. Notably, the vaccine has the highest antigenicity (0.9319) and 97.35% population coverage worldwide. The molecular docking operations of the vaccine with toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 showed promising interactions with lowest energies of −1240.5 kJ/mol (76 members) and −1393.3 kJ/mol (40 members), respectively. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were run up to 200 nanoseconds, and the complexes of the vaccine with TLR2 and TLR4 were found to be very stable and flexible. Moreover, in immune simulations, the vaccine evoked robust immune responses. These findings suggest that our vaccine outperforms any other Dengue vaccine developed to date. However, since this study was conducted through in silico methods, in vitro and in vivo validations are required to confirm the vaccine as a potential candidate for clinical trials.
Vitamin D-3 Status of Critically Ill Patients Admitted at ICU with Multidisciplinary Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Fortune journal of health sciences, 2024
Introduction: Vitamin D is necessary to maintain serum calcium concentration within the normal ph... more Introduction: Vitamin D is necessary to maintain serum calcium concentration within the normal physiologic range for musculoskeletal health. Vitamin D deficiency in children causes rickets and prevents children from reaching their maximum bone mass and genetically determined height. In adults, vitamin D deficiency causes abnormal mineralization of the collagen matrix in bone, known as osteomalacia. Usually the Survivors of critical illness are at risk for subsequent hospitalization, outpatient evaluation, and related health care costs. Moreover, recent studies showed that vitamin D deficiency among critically ill patients increased the rate of mortality. Therefore, this paper desired to determine the vitamin D-3 status according to demographic characteristics of critically ill patients admitted at ICU with multidisciplinary diseases.
Site Specific Binding Pattern of Benzodiazepines with GABAA Receptor and Related Impact on Their Activities in the Human Body: An in Silico Method Based Study
International Journal of PharmTech Research, Jul 1, 2011
Different formulations of Indapamide 1.5mg sustained release tablets were formulated using wet gr... more Different formulations of Indapamide 1.5mg sustained release tablets were formulated using wet granulation method using hydrophilic polymer. The tablets were subjected to physicochemical studies, in vitro release studies, kinetic modeling and stability studies to find out the best formulation. The in vitro release studies were conducted for 16 hours using USP 30 apparatus type I (Basket method) at pH 6.8 Phosphate buffer. The release mechanisms were then treated with zero order, higuchi, first order and Korsemeyer-Peppas equations. In vitro release patterns and kinetic results of different models were compared with the innovator brand. All formulations along with innovator brand followed zero order release pattern. According to Korsmeyer-Peppas equation release mechanisms of all formulations were super case II transport. All the kinetic treatments and comparison with innovator brand showed that F-5 was the most successful formulation. The optimized formulation was subjected to stability studies and no significant changes were found in physicochemical properties and release pattern. The result of the study indicated the effect of hydrophilic polymers on the release of Indapamide drug from the sustained release matrix tablet.
Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dec 1, 2021
Background: Nowadays combination therapy has become more popular due to their additional effect, ... more Background: Nowadays combination therapy has become more popular due to their additional effect, synergistic effect and antagonistic effect. Any of these can influence the treatment profile. Combination therapy is used to treat some chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, cancer etc. But recently India has banned some fixed dose drug combinations due to their increased chances of adverse drug effects and drug interactions. So it is the time to take a look on the present drug combinations available in Bangladesh. An in silico study may provide important information about their probable toxicities. Drugs available in the combination may deposit slowly in the body and may lead to toxicities. Here an antihypertensive drug combination 'Olmesartan medoxomil and Hydrochlorothiazide' had been studied. Results: Olmesartan medoxomil and Hydrochlorothiazide have not been found to comply any similar protein to interact with each other, thus no possible chance of additional toxicity of the combination in case of long term use. Conclusions: At first, using PubChem the ligand was searched for a canonical SMILE. By inputting the canonical SMILE in Protox, a basic information about toxicities was predicted. From Swiss Target Prediction, target proteins responsible for both efficacy and toxicity were identified. These protein structures were downloaded from Protein Data Bank and edited with Flare. Undesired amino acid, ligand-ligand complex, fatty acid, and water molecules were removed by PyMOL. Structurally modified proteins and ligands were inputted in Swiss PDB viewer for energy minimization. Energy minimization is a very important step because unfavorable bond length, bond strength and torsion angle between protein and ligand may interfere with docking procedure. Then docking between Olmesartan medoxomil (ligand) and the proteins responsible for efficacy and toxicity was performed by PyRx. Vina binding affinity provided the value of binding strength between the ligand and the proteins, which determines how strong the bond is. The more negative the vina binding affinity, the stronger the bond. Discovery studio software was used to visualize the docking complexes. Same steps were followed for Hydrochlorothiazide to identify proteins responsible for desired and undesired effects, but no toxic effect was found from protox.
International Journal of Pharmacy, Jul 1, 2017
A simple, rapid reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed a... more A simple, rapid reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Daclatasvir Di-hydrochloride (DTDH) in bulk and in a pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatography was carried out by Spherical Octyl Silane (C8 silica, column 250 x 4.6mm internal diameter was 5µm), using mobile phase of composition of tri-ethylamine buffer (pH 5.00): acetonitrile (50:50 (v/v)). The flow rate was 1.0 mL min-1 and a peak was observed at about 6.13 minute as detected by a UV detector at 315 nm. The method was validated according to ICH guideline, checking the different analytical parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity and robustness. The calibration curve was found to be linear (r 2 =0.9997) for the analyte DTDH in the concentration range of 15-45µg/mL. The average recovery was found to be 98.42% to 100.64% for DTDH.
Ethnomedicinal Survey of Medicinal Plants used by Folk Medical Practitioners in Four Different Villages of Gazipur District, Bangladesh
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, Sep 1, 2011
ABSTRACT Folk medicinal practice has been being used from the ancient period in rural and some pa... more ABSTRACT Folk medicinal practice has been being used from the ancient period in rural and some parts of urban area of Bangladesh. Traditional or folk medical practitioners utilize generally various plants for the treatment of different diseases. The aim of the study was to ...
Antioxidant mediated protective effect of Bridelia tomentosa leaf extract against carbofuran induced oxidative hepatic toxicity
Toxicology reports, 2021
Graphical abstract
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal, Feb 20, 2015
Flemingia macrophylla locally known as 'Charchara' in Bangladesh is a medicinal herb. Being a mem... more Flemingia macrophylla locally known as 'Charchara' in Bangladesh is a medicinal herb. Being a member of the Fabaceae family it claims a number of medicinal uses including hypoglycemic activity, neuroprotective effect and gynecological remedies. Methanolic extract of F. macrophylla was investigated to evaluate its antioxidant and general toxic properties in this study. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using total antioxidant capacity, total phenol contents, total flavonoid contents and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assays. Both leaf and stem extracts of F. macrophylla were found to possess significant amount of phenolics and flavonoids, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and quercetin equivalent (QE), respectively. Interestingly total phenol content was equal for both leaf and stem extract and it was 43.8 mg GAE/g. Total flavonoid content was found to be 64.4 and 39.1 mg QE/g for leaf and stem extract, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity was expressed as ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE) and for leaf it was 5.067 mg/gm AAE and for stem 0.8167 mg/gm AAE. DPPH scavenging activity was determined by comparing with ascorbic acid. The IC 50 values were 19.95, 125.89 and 707.94 µg/ml for ascorbic acid, leaf and stem extract, respectively. The results of the present study on methanolic extracts of F. macrophylla revealed the presence of moderate antioxidant activity and extract of leaves produced better results than stem of the plant. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, methanolic extract of F. macrophylla exhibited insignificant cytotoxicity.
In vitro Release Kinetic Study of Gliclazide from Methocel K 100 MCR and Methocel K100 LVCR Matrix Tablets
In vitro, 2012
... Raihanul Ferdous, Sharif Md. Anisuzzaman, Alok Kumar Paul, Mohammad Salahuddin Khan, Anjuman ... more ... Raihanul Ferdous, Sharif Md. Anisuzzaman, Alok Kumar Paul, Mohammad Salahuddin Khan, Anjuman Ara Begum, Sukalyan Kumar Kundu* Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh ... natural or semi-synthetic or synthetic in nature. ...
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
The main objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro anti diabetic activity of methanolic... more The main objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro anti diabetic activity of methanolic leaf extracts of two mangrove plants: Heritiera fomes and Sonneratia apetala. The selected leaf extracts were studied for their effect on inhibition of alpha amylase activity, glucose transport across yeast cells and glucose adsorption capacity. It was found that leaf extract of Heritiera fomes (HF) inhibited α-amylase more effectively than leaf extract of Sonneratia apetala (SA). HF leaf extract caused greater uptake of glucose by yeast cells than SA leaf extract at different concentrations. Glucose adsorption capacity of both leaf extracts was increased proportionately in a dose dependent manner. This investigation indicated that the selected plants possessed considerable in vitro anti diabetic activity. Found effects of this study need to be confirmed using in vivo models for its effective and safe therapeutic uses.
Food Habits, Obesity and Nutritional Knowledge among the University Students in Noakhali Region of Bangladesh: A Cross Sectional Study
Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders, 2016
Food Habits, Obesity and Nutritional Knowledge among the University Students in Noakhali Region o... more Food Habits, Obesity and Nutritional Knowledge among the University Students in Noakhali Region of Bangladesh: A Cross Sectional Study Objective: Obesity is emerging as a foremost health problem. In this regard, the study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity rates in association with food habits and nutritional knowledge among the university students of Noakhali region, a southern coastal area of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of October to December in 2013. A total of 200 students (50% male and 50% female) aged 18-24 years participated in the present study. Statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS software (version 16) to determine overweight and obesity among students and to sort out eating habits. Results: The study results found that the majority (70%) of the students were of normal weight; 77% male in contrast to 66% female students (P 0.05). Intake of alcohol containing beverages and smoking was not common among female students but it’s familiar with male students. Conclusion: Our findings recommend that the propensity of overweight and obesity among the university students can be reduced by providing proper knowledge at all levels (family, institution, community and government) on the healthy diet, improved lifestyle and harmful effect of obesity.
Ameliorate and Standardization of the In vitro Micropropagation of Night-blooming Jasmine (Cestrum nocturnum L.)
Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2
A Comparative Real Time Study of Stability of Cream and Ointment Formulations of Clobetasol Propionate in Drug Stores of Bangladesh
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 4(2): 198-204, 2010 ISSN 1995-0748 © 2010, American Eur... more Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 4(2): 198-204, 2010 ISSN 1995-0748 © 2010, American Eurasian Network for Scientific Information This is a refereed journal and all articles are professionally screened and reviewed ... Corresponding Author: Dr. Mohammed Rahmatullah, Pro-Vice ...
International Journal of Clinical Practice, Feb 20, 2023
COVID-19 has been a threat to the entire world for more than two years since its outbreak in Dece... more COVID-19 has been a threat to the entire world for more than two years since its outbreak in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China. SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent, had been reported to mutate over time exposing new variants. To date, no impeccable cure for the disease has been unveiled. Tis study outlines an extensive in silico approach to scrutinize certain phytochemical compounds of Nigella sativa (mainly the black cumin seeds) targeting the spike protein and the main protease (M pro) enzyme of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. Te objective of this study is to investigate the extracted compounds with a view to developing a potential inhibitor against the concerned SARS-CoV-2 variant. Te investigation contemplates drug-likeness analysis, molecular docking study, ADME and toxicity prediction, and molecular dynamics simulation which have been executed to elucidate diferent phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the tested compounds. Based on drug-likeness parameters, a total of 96 phytochemical compounds from N. sativa have been screened in the study. Interestingly, Nigelladine A among the compounds exhibited the highest docking score with both the targets with the same binding afnity which is −7.8 kcal/mol. However, dithymoquinone, kaempferol, Nigelladine B, Nigellidine, and Nigellidine sulphate showed mentionable docking scores. Molecular dynamics up to 100 nanoseconds were simulated under GROMOS96 43a1 force feld for the protein-ligand complexes exhibiting the top-docking score. Te root mean square deviations (RMSD), root mean square fuctuations (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), and the number of hydrogen bonds have been evaluated during the simulation. From the fndings, the present study suggests that Nigelladine A showed the most promising results among the selected molecules. Tis framework, however, interprets only a group of computational analyses on selected phytochemicals. Further investigations are required to validate the compound as a promising drug against the selected variant of SARS-CoV-2.
Annals of international medical and dental research, May 15, 2022
Background: The scapulothorasic joint plays an important role in overall shoulder function by pro... more Background: The scapulothorasic joint plays an important role in overall shoulder function by providing a stable base for glenohumeral rotation. Snapping scapula syndrome, a likely under diagnosed condition, can produce significant shoulder dysfunction in many patients. Because the precise origin is difficult to understand, sometimes mimic with shoulder pain. Dysfunctioning of any of muscles, ligament, bursa may cause abnormal scapular motion and predispose to scapulothoracic joint disorders. Accurate recognition of the syndrome may lead to prompt and long-term relief of symptoms by conservative or noninvesive intervension treatment. Results: The causes of scapulothoracic bursitis and crepitus include direct or indirect trauma, overuse syndromes, glenohumeral joint dysfunction, boney abnormalities, muscle microtrauma or atrophy or fibrosis, and idiopathic causes. Scapulothoracic bursitis and crepitus remain primarily clinical diagnoses. However, imaging studies or local injections may also be helpful. The initial treatment of scapulothoracic bursitis and scapulothoracic crepitus should be conservative. Intevension procedure is best for treating modalitis for scapulothoracic dysfunction, most reports have demonstrated well to excellent outcomes in a significantly high percentage of patients. Conclusions: Clearly, the best initial approach to these conditions is a conservative treatment like nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs plan that combines scapular strengthening, postural reeducation, and core strength endurance. If an appropriate trial of nonoperative management proves unsuccessful, local non invesive intervension can produce good results.
Pharmacology & Pharmacy, 2022
Tinospora cordifolia (Wild) Hook, local name: Guduchi/Amrita; English: Indian Tinospora, Hindi: G... more Tinospora cordifolia (Wild) Hook, local name: Guduchi/Amrita; English: Indian Tinospora, Hindi: Giloya/Gulancha, belongs to the family of Menispermaceae and is found in abundance in Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and China, the plant is a spreading and mounting shrub with a lot twisting branches. T. cordifolia is used in Ayurveda medicinal system and has numerous therapeutic properties. This article summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological properties found within the plant. The review will provide a scientific basis of its use in Ayurveda and is an informative database on an ethno-pharmacologically important medicinal plant for future researchers.
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Papers by Dr. Sukalyan Kumar Kundu