Medicine

Introduction: Lujan-Fryns syndrome (LFS) is an X-linked disorder characterized by varying degrees of symptoms, including mental retardation, Marfanoid habitus, facial deformities, hyper nasal speech, and psychopathology and related behavioral abnormalities. The prevalence and full spectrum of LFS's clinical symptoms remain unknown, but the disease is reportedly caused by at least one mutation in the mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene. Case Presentation: This study reports the case of an 18-year-old male with moderate mental disability, a height exceeding the 97th percentile, marfanoid characteristics, obvious craniofacial appearance, and psychiatric and behavioral disorders. Adults with LFS are usually tall, but their heights still fall within the normal range. Conclusions: The higher-than-normal mean height of the young man and psychosis led us to conclude that patients with LFS may be those taller than the normal range. The results provided insights into clinical and therapeutic remedies and highlighted the need to carefully examine the psychological and neuropsychological symptoms of LFS.

Sore throat and hoarseness are the most frequent subjective complaints after tracheal intubation for general anesthesia. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) dexamethasone plus ketamine gargle for reducing the incidence and severity of post-operative sore throat (POST) and hoarseness. 140 patients (aged 16-65 year) scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into four groups of 35 subjects each: Group K, gargled 40 mg ketamine in 30 ml saline; Group D, were infused 0.2 mg/kg IV dexamethasone; Group KD, gargled 40 mg ketamine in 30 ml saline plus 0.2 mg/kg IV dexamethasone; Group P (placebo) that received saline (gargle and IV). POST was graded at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h after operation on a four-point scale (0-3). The incidence and severity of POST were significantly lower in Group KD, compared with the other groups at all times after tracheal extubation for up t...

Priapism is defined as the painful and prolonged penile erection in the absence of any sexual desire and arousal. It is considered as a urologic emergency and needs immediate attention as it can lead to sexual dysfunction. It has various etiologies, including idiopathic, medicinal, and medical ones. It is divided into two types: low-flow and high-flow. Medications, including quetiapine cause low-flow priapism. The aim of this study was to review the relationship between quetiapine use and priapism. In most reports of drug-induced priapism, there was no relationship between the dose and duration of drug use. But a relationship was found between quetiapine use and priapism, due to overdose, continuous or single dose, and idiosyncratic reaction. Other than quetiapine, some other antipsychotics could also cause periapism. Recurrent priapism could happen in people with history of drug-induced priapism if the dug is continued. Priapism is associated with the mechanism of alpha1 adrenergic...

Depression is widely reported in patients with physical illness, but its prevalence varies in studies and differs from one disease to another. In patients with depression, severity of symptoms may be different in various medical conditions and responses to treatment. We aimed to systematically (a) compare the prevalence of depression between medical illness patients and mentally healthy subjects, (b) assess whether there is an independent association between medical illness and depression, (c) identify associated factors used in interventions (d) and review the relationship between depression and baseline disease severity and treatment outcomes. We studied 24 researches that had examined medical illness and depression in Mazandaran province, Iran. The prevalence of possible depression in patients with physical illness ranged from 13.1 to 67.4%, depending on diagnostic methods and sensitivity of various depression scales. Depression was found to have a negative influence on the outco...

Background The recent significant improvement in most health indicators in Iran has not been explored deeply particularly in comparison with other countries in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). We aimed to explore the temporal variations of five main indicators in Iran and compare their variations in EMR countries.

Background: Sleep problems are common complaints in health care workers that can affect quality of life and productivity, both in patients and healthy individuals. This study evaluates the prevalence of low sleep quality in health care workers with no health issues or complaints of sleep problems.

Background: Residence characteristics can affect health of residents. This paper reports the development of an instrument assessing these aspects of neighborhoods. Materials and Methods: Literature search and focus group discussions with residents were carried out and relevant items were extracted. Five experts reviewed and commented on the items. An observation instrument with 54 items was composed and completed by two independent observers in 20 randomly selected locations. Due to lack of acceptable reliability in some items, the checklist was revised. The new 22-items checklist in four categories (general characteristics, public green area characteristics, access to services and undesirable features) was completed by two independent trained observers in 28 randomly selected locations. Results: The items in the final checklist had kappa statistics ranging from 0.63 to 1, with an exception of the item assessing "presence of beggars, homeless or working/street children", with kappa as low as 0.27 due to variability of their presence in different times. Average Kappa statistics was 0.78 for general characteristics, 0.79 for public green area characteristics, 0.84 for access to services, and 0.54 for undesirable features. Conclusion: Neighborhood and health observation instrument seems to have good reliability in city of Tehran. It can probably be used in other large cities of Iran and similar cities elsewhere.

‫هقاالت‬ ‫باًک‬ ‫بشسسي‬ ‫ايي‬ ‫دس‬ Scopus ‫کلوِ‬ ٍ ‫است‬ ‫گشفتِ‬ ‫قشاس‬ ‫بشسسي‬ ‫هَسد‬ ‫سا‬ " data mining" ٍ ‫خالغِ‬ ‫ػٌَاى،‬ ‫دس‬ ‫آى‬ ‫بِ‬ ‫ٍابستِ‬ ‫اضکال‬ ٍ ‫سال‬ ‫هحذٍدُ‬ ‫دس‬ ‫کلیذی‬ ‫کلوات‬ ‫ّای‬ 0222 ‫تا‬ 0202 ‫کطَس‬ ‫ًَيسٌذگاى‬ ‫اص‬ ‫يکي‬ ‫حذاقل‬ ‫آى‬ ‫دس‬ ‫کِ‬ ‫هقاالتي‬ ٍ ‫است‬ ‫گشفتِ‬ ‫قشاس‬ ‫خستدَ‬ ‫هَسد‬ ‫ٍابستگي‬ ‫دس‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ايشاى‬ (affiliation) ‫است‬ ‫ضذُ‬ ‫استخشاج‬ ‫اًتطاس‬ ‫سال‬ ٍ ‫هقالِ‬ ‫ًَع‬ ‫تفکیک‬ ‫بِ‬ ‫بَدًذ،‬ ‫ًوَدُ‬ ‫رکش‬ ‫خَد‬ .

"Objective(s): Infection caused by Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-I) can be observed in some areas of Iran in form of endemic. Most of the cases are asymptomatic, and few cases progress to malignancies and neural diseases. Designing and implementing a model to screen people especially in endemic regions can help timely detection of infected people and improve the prognosis of the disease.
Materials and Methods: In this study, results of the complete blood count (CBC-diff) for 599 healthy people and the patients with different types of Leukemia and HTLV-I have been examined. Modeling was made using CHAID method. The final model was carried out based on the number of white blood cells (WBC), platelets, and percentages of Eosinophils.
Results: The accuracy of the final model was 91%. By applying this model to the CBC-diff results of people without symptoms or miscellaneous patients in endemic regions of our country, disease carriers can be identified and referred for supplementary tests. Conclusion: With regard to the prevalence of different complications in infected people, these individuals can be identified earlier, leading to the improvement of the prognosis
of this disease and the increase of the health status especially in endemic regions."