Don McCallum

An Evaluation of Substrates for Tactile Maps and Diagrams: Scanning Speed and Users' Preferences

Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, Feb 1, 2005

This study considers the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile ... more This study considers the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile maps and diagrams for visually impaired people via a new ink-jet process. Visually impaired and sighted participants scanned by touch symbol arrays printed onto seven different substrate materials, including papers, plastics and aluminium. Participants' search times and preferences were recorded. In general, the rougher substrates were scanned faster than the smoother substrates. Moreover, the majority of participants preferred the rougher substrates over the smoother.

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Self-Assembled Gels from Biological and Synthetic Polyelectrolytes

by Don McCallum and Skander Limem

MRS Proceedings, 2012

Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gel... more Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gels to form with structures similar to those made by layer--by-layer dipping methods but very much faster. Structures of gels formed using slow and fast inkjet printing systems are compared using elemental analysis, swelling and diffusion kinetics as characterization methods. After printing and washing, most sodium or chloride counterions are last from the gel, leave only the polymer complex. The swelling properties of the printed and washed gel depend on the deposition rate and on the ratio of the two polymers as originally printed. The synthetic polyelectrolytes reported here can be compared with biological polyelectrolytes reported earlier by us.

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Inkjet printing of self-assembling polyelectrolyte hydrogels

by Don McCallum and Skander Limem

Soft Matter, 2011

Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gel... more Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gels to form with structures similar to those made by layer-by-layer dipping methods but very much faster. Structures of gels formed using slow and fast inkjet printing systems are compared using elemental analysis, swelling and diffusion kinetics as characterization methods. After printing and washing, most sodium or chloride counterions are lost from the gel, leaving only the polymer complex. The swelling properties of the printed and washed gel depend on the deposition rate and on the ratio of the two polymers as originally printed.

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An introduction to the use of inkjet for tactile diagram production

British Journal of Visual Impairment, 2003

The three common methods for producing tactile diagrams are mixed-media, swell paper and thermofo... more

An evaluation of substrates for tactile maps and diagrams: scanning speed and users' preferences

Journal of Visual Impairment & …, 2005

Abstract: This study evaluated the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producin... more

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Index-Vol. 24-Jan–Sept 2006

Letters to the editor, 2006

Articles Argyropoulos, Vassilios and Marina Stamouli, A collaborative action research project in ... more Articles Argyropoulos, Vassilios and Marina Stamouli, A collaborative action research project in an inclusive setting: Assisting a blind student, 24(3), 128–134 Barlow-Brown, Fiona see Coppins, Natasha Bennett, David see McKillop, Elisabeth Burn, Anne-Marie see Petrie, Helen Cammilton, Arina see Jansson, Gunnar Chronicle, Edward see Thompson, Leanne Coppins, Natasha and Fiona Barlow-Brown, Reading difficulties in blind, braille-reading children, 24(1), 37–39 Crawford, Shauna, Robert Elliott and Katherine Hoekman, ...

Producing Tactile Maps Using New Inkjet Technology: an Introduction

Cartogr J, 2003

Three common methods for producing tactile maps are mixed media, microcapsule paper and thermofor... more

The Uniqueness of Symbol Profile as a Design Variable in Tactile Cartography

... Email s.dinar@apu.ac.uk or j.rowell@apu.ac.uk ... While sighted people can access this inform... more

An Evaluation of Substrates for Tactile Displays: Scanning Speed and User Preferences

This study deals with the suitability of substrates for tactile maps and diagrams for visually im... more This study deals with the suitability of substrates for tactile maps and diagrams for visually impaired people. Visually impaired and sighted participants scanned symbol arrays by touch on 7 di fferent substrates, including papers, plastics and aluminium. In general, papers were rougher than plastics and aluminium. Search time and participants' prefer ences were recorded. In general, rougher substrates were scanned

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Improvements to the Design and Manufacture of Tactile Maps Produced Using Ink-jet Technology

It has been demonstrated that ink-jet processes are capable of producing tactile maps and diagram... more

The design and manufacture of tactile maps using an inkjet process

Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 09544820500273946, Jan 22, 2007

... Jehoel b , Snir Dinar a & Derek Sheldon a pages 525-544. ... CSUN. View all references). ... more

An evaluation of substrates for tactile maps and diagrams: scanning speed and user preferences

This study considers the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile ... more This study considers the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile maps and diagrams for visually impaired people via a new ink-jet process. Visually impaired and sighted participants scanned by touch symbol arrays printed onto seven different substrate materials, including papers, plastics and aluminium. Participants' search times and preferences were recorded. In general, the rougher substrates were scanned faster than the smoother substrates. Moreover, the majority of participants preferred the rougher substrates over the smoother.

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Tactualization' of Spatial Information: Towards a Perceptual-Cognitive Approach to Tactile Map Design

Printed hydrogel materials

2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2010

An inkjet printer has been developed for printing hydrogel materials. The printer uses two peizo ... more An inkjet printer has been developed for printing hydrogel materials. The printer uses two peizo industrial printheads to print out combinations of cationic and anionic polymers, which then form gels on a substrate in a clear demonstration of reactive printing. The synthetic polymers poly- diallyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride and polystyrene sulfonate, and the naturally occurring polymers, alginate, chitosan and gellan gum all formed gels via inkjet deposition. Keywords-inkjet; printing; hydrogel; bionics; polyelectrolyte complexation. I. INTRODUCTION 1 Digital fabrication of biological materials into useful structures is an emerging technology. Opportunities exist for digital deposition methods to assist in regenerative medicine, genetics, molecular, and other biological sciences. Biological systems exist on the cellular scale hence artificially fabricated devices require sub micron or nanometer dimension assembly. Inkjet printing has evolved from its origins in graphical print to become a general method of materials deposition. Inkjet is now widely used in electronics, rapid prototyping, micro-dispensing, thin film production and protective coatings. Inkjet is essentially the delivery of low viscosity fluids in drop sizes of 1 to 100 picolitres (pL), making it inherently suited to the soft, wet processing required for bio-polymers. The reactive printing described herein, whereby two or more reactive materials are printed as fluids to form gel structures for bionics, is an innovative stream of work.

Multiphase Micro-Drop Interaction in Inkjet Printing of 3D Structures for Tactile Maps

Modern Physics Letters B, 2005

Ink-jet technology is a novel method for rapid deposition of accurately measured material with hi... more

The design and manufacture of tactile maps using an inkjet process

Journal of Engineering Design, 2005

... 16, No. 6, December 2005, 525544 The design and manufacture of tactile maps using an inkjet ... more

Producing Tactile Maps Using New Inkjet Technology: an Introduction

The Cartographic Journal, 2003

Three common methods for producing tactile maps are mixed media, microcapsule paper and thermofor... more

An evaluation of substrates for tactile maps and diagrams: scanning speed and users' preferences

by Simon Ungar and Don McCallum

Journal of Visual Impairment & …, 2005

This study considers the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile ... more This study considers the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile maps and diagrams for visually impaired people via a new ink-jet process. Visually impaired and sighted participants scanned by touch symbol arrays printed onto seven different substrate materials, including papers, plastics and aluminium. Participants' search times and preferences were recorded. In general, the rougher substrates were scanned faster than the smoother substrates. Moreover, the majority of participants preferred the rougher substrates over the smoother.

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An empirical approach on the design of tactile maps and diagrams: The cognitive tactualization approach

by Simon Ungar and Don McCallum

British Journal of Visual …, 2006

Tactile maps and diagrams need to be carefully designed in order to be readable by the visually i... more Tactile maps and diagrams need to be carefully designed in order to be readable by the visually impaired user. In the Tactile Inkjet Mapping Project, we attempt to provide a new orientation for tactile map design through a rigorous programme of experimental research on design issues (cognitive tactualization approach ). In this article we discuss three of our studies. The first study evaluates the use of different background materials for tactile graphics.The second study looks at the minimal perceptible distance between two lines.The third study investigates the optimal elevation (height off the paper) at which graphics are produced.We argue that experimental studies like these represent a necessary basis for the design of tactile maps.

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