Debjani Nath

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Papers by Debjani Nath

Traumatic brain injury: Future application of nanomedicine

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 28, 2021

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently a rising player in the cause of disability and neurolog... more Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently a rising player in the cause of disability and neurological dysfunction worldwide. TBI is a common occurrence in the military and extreme activities, sports arena and accidents. Severe TBI can be fatal but mild TBI persists and progressively deteriorates brain homeostasis and physiology. Apart from the physical disabilities, psychological complexities arise in people with mild TBI. Despite the seriousness of this hazard, treatments for TBI are not adequate, mostly due to the brain being involved. Nanoparticle (NP) therapy seems to be an effective alternative to combat TBI. This review outlines the state of TBI and describes the probable medical support that nanomedicine can provide.

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Processing and Characterization of Bio-Composites

Handbook of Ecomaterials, 2017

Phytoconstituents for Boosting the Stem Cells Used in Regenerative Medicine

Current Pharmacology Reports

A Phytochemical Approach to Synthesize Silver Nanoparticles for Non-Toxic Biomedical Application and Study on their Antibacterial Efficacy

Nanoscience & Technology: Open Access, 2015

Saraca asoca (Roxb.), one of the folk medicinal plants found in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, ... more Saraca asoca (Roxb.), one of the folk medicinal plants found in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, belongs to family Caesalpiniaceae. A large number of primary and secondary metabolites like flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phenol, tannin, lignin, cardiac glycosides, and proteins are present in different parts of the plant [33]. The bark of Ashoka tree is used as antihypertensive in Dysmenorrhoea. It is haemorrhoidic, menorrhagic, leucorrhoeic, hemostatic, anticonvulsant and diuertic. It is also useful in menorrhagia due to uterine fibroids, in leucorrhea and in internal bleeding [34,35].

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Functional regulation of L-type calcium channel via a novel cAMP-independent protein kinase (CIK) in goat epididymal spermatozoa

F1000posters, Jan 28, 2011

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Genetic Regulation of Epididymal Microenvironment

During their transit through the epididymis, spermatozoa undergo many biochemical modifications n... more During their transit through the epididymis, spermatozoa undergo many biochemical modifications necessary to acquire flagellar motility and fertilizing ability. These modifications, collectively called sperm maturation, are well orchestrated along the epididymis. Sperm maturation requires the interaction of spermatozoa with proteins that are synthesized and secreted in a region-specific manner by principle cells of the epididymal epithelium and depend on highly regionalized gene expression patterns. But the regulatory processes that establish the discrete epididymal microenvironments remain yet largely unknown. Based on clinical observations, the role of the epididymis in human sperm maturation has been questioned but results obtained using animal models can be extrapolated to human with caution

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Enhanced protective activity of nano formulated andrographolide against arsenic induced liver damage

Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2015

Chronic exposure to arsenic over a period of time induces toxicity, primarily in liver but gradua... more Chronic exposure to arsenic over a period of time induces toxicity, primarily in liver but gradually in all systems of the body. Andrographolide (AG), a major diterpene lactone of Andrographis paniculata, shows a wide array of physiological functions including hepatoprotection. Therapeutic applications of AG are however seriously constrained because of its insolubility, poor bioavailability, and short plasma half-life. Nanoparticulation of AG is a possible solution to these problems. In the present study we investigated the effectiveness of polylactide co-glycolide (PLGA) nanocapsulated andrographolide (NA) against arsenic induced liver damage in mice. NA of average diameter 65.8 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 64% were prepared. Sodium arsenite at a dose of 40 mg/L supplied via drinking water in mice significantly raised the serum level of liver function markers such as AST, ALT, and ALP, and caused arsenic deposition in liver and ROS generation, though it did not show any lethality up to 30 days of exposure. However, even liver toxicity was not observed when mice were given AG and NA orally at doses up to 100 mg/kg bwt and 20 mg/kg bwt respectively on alternate days for one month. Treatment of non-toxic doses of AG or NA on alternate days along with arsenic significantly decreased the arsenic induced elevation of the serum level of ALT, AST and ALP, and arsenic deposition in liver. AG and NA increased the level of hepatic antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH). Also, the ROS level was lowered in mice exposed to arsenic but treated with AG or NA. Protective efficiency of NA is about five times more than that of AG. Administration of NA to arsenic-treated mice caused signs of improvement in liver tissue architecture. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that NA could be beneficial against arsenic-induced liver toxicity.

Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Study of Saraca asoca Bark Methanolic Extract

The study was conducted to screen for the phytochemicals constituents of bark of Saraca asoca (Ro... more The study was conducted to screen for the phytochemicals constituents of bark of Saraca asoca (Roxb.), one of the folk medicinal plants found in West Bengal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The acute and sub-acute toxicity of methanolic extract of S. asoca bark on mice was studied. Phytochemical analysis of S. asoca (bark) methanolic extract revealed the presence of high percentage of flavonoids and reducing sugar in addition with saponins, glycosides, steroids, anthraquinones and volatile oil. In mice, daily single oral doses of S. asoca methanolic extract (0.3 and 1.2 g/Kg body weight) were well tolerated and no adverse behavioral effect was found as used for 30 days (LD50=6.526 g/Kg for acute administration) and induced no significant changes in body and organs weights. However, hematological parameters showed a significant decrease in platelet count (432±98.3, p<0.05) when the dose is 1.2 g/Kg body weight in relation to control animals, suggesting disturbances in platelet productio...

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Safer Nanoformulation for the Next Decade

Green Processes for Nanotechnology, 2015

the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustra... more the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

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‘Green Nanomaterial’-How Green they are as Biotherapeutic Tool

Journal of Nanomedicine & Biotherapeutic Discovery, 2014

The emergence of nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted tremendous interest of the scientific communit... more The emergence of nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted tremendous interest of the scientific community for decades due to their unique properties and potential applications in diverse areas, including drug delivery and therapy. These opportunities are based on the unique properties (e.g., magnetic, optical, mechanical, and electronic) that vary continuously or abruptly with changes in the size of the materials at the nanoscale. Advances in nanotechnology have significantly impacted the field of therapeutics delivery. Although the impressive progress made in the design of disease-targeted NPs allows new treatments with improved specificity, only a few NP-based medicines have reached the market. There is a need for a new discipline-nanotoxicology-that would evaluate the health threats posed by nanoparticles, and would enable safe development of the emerging nanotechnology industry related to biotherapy. Green Nanotechnology gives the opportunity in lowering the risk of using nanomaterials, limiting the risk of producing nanomaterials, and using nanomaterials to lower the risk of producing unwanted chemical intermediates and end-products.

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Stem Cell Research: A New Face of Developed India in Medical Biology

Everyman's Science VOL. XLIII NO. 6, …

Stem cell, the master cell of a living body, has potency to regenerate or differentiate into new ... more

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Effect of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Ocimum basilicum L. on Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity in Mice

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of methanolic leaf extract of... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of methanolic leaf extract ofOcimum basilicumL. against benzene-induced hematotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. GC analysis and subacute toxicity level of the extract were tested. Mice were randomly divided into three groups among which II and III were exposed to benzene vapour at a dose 300 ppm × 6 hr/day × 5 days/week for 2 weeks and group I was control. Group III of this experiment was treated with the leaf methanolic extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, a dose in nontoxic range. Hematological parameters (Hb%, RBC and WBC counts), cell cycle regulatory proteins expression and DNA fragmentation analysis of bone marrow cells was performed. There was an upregulation of p53 and p21 and downregulation of levels of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclins D1 and E in leaf extract-treated group. DNA was less fragmented in group III compared to group II (P<0.05). The present study indicates that the secondary metabolites ofO...

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Phytoestrogens: A Possible Agent for Controlling Fertility

Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine

Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring non-steroidal estrogenic compounds. They are structurally ... more Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring non-steroidal estrogenic compounds. They are structurally similar to endogenous 17β-estradiol but the relative potency is significantly lower than that of steroidal estrogens. They are common constituents of human and animal diet. Soy is a common and very rich source of phytoestrogens. Their regular consumption has been related to chemopreventive activities against various hormone-dependent cancers including breast and prostate and alleviation of some of the adverse consequences of menopause. However, they have been linked with potential adverse effects associated with impaired reproductive function in mammalian species.

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Green Peptide–nanomaterials; A Friendly Healing Touch for Skin Wound Regeneration

Advanced Nano Research

The complex phenomenon by which the body responds to any injury of skin or tissue is known as wou... more The complex phenomenon by which the body responds to any injury of skin or tissue is known as wound healing. A number of phases like exudative, proliferative, and extracellular matrix remodeling are orchestrated events to be occurred involving blood cells, parenchymal cells, and different soluble mediators. Different internal, as well as external factors, regulate the speed and quality of healing. The delay in wound healing process causes the chronic wound or scar formation. At the present moment, the upscale research for identification of agents causing accelerated healing is important. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the accelerators needs to be investigated. Recent biomedical researches for wound care target to provide antimicrobial protection as well as matrix scaffolding for quick repairing of the skin tissue. In recent studies with natural peptides have shown that they are important components in developing the nano-medicines for their usefulness and therapeutic efficiency. ...

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Sperm Motility Regulatory Proteins: A Tool to Enhance Sperm Quality

by Debjani Nath, Arunima Maiti, and Debdas Bhattacharyya

Insights from Animal Reproduction, 2016

Role of Sperm Surface Molecules in Motility Regulation

by Debjani Nath, Arunima Maiti, Gopal Majumder, and Debdas Bhattacharyya

Mammalian Endocrinology and Male Reproductive Biology, 2015

Alteration of goat sperm ecto-phosphoprotein phosphatase activity and its distribution on the sperm surface during epididymal maturation

Reproduction, fertility, and development, 2001

Phosphoprotein phosphatase (ecto-PPase) of goat epididymal sperm outer surface showed a significa... more Phosphoprotein phosphatase (ecto-PPase) of goat epididymal sperm outer surface showed a significant increase in its activity at the initial stage of epididymal sperm maturation (up to the proximal corpus region) followed by a sharp fall towards the terminal phase of the maturation event. PPase activity showed nearly the same profile when estimated in intact cells as well as in isolated sperm plasma membrane. The ecto-PPase was purified to apparent homogeneity by using various biochemical fractionation procedures, such as solubilization with Triton X-100, sephadex gel filtration chromatography, concanavalin A-sepharose affinity chromatography and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. The isolated PPase has a molecular mass of approximately 36 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.95. Sperm surface topography of the enzyme was investigated using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibody of the purified PPase. The immunofluorescent studies have demonstrated that the...

A Novel Membrane Protein-Specific Serine/Threonine Kinase: Tissue Distribution and Role in Sperm Maturation

by Debjani Nath, Gopal Majumder, and Debdas Bhattacharyya

ISRN Urology, 2012

Our recent studies have described for the first time the purification of an ectoprotein kinase to... more Our recent studies have described for the first time the purification of an ectoprotein kinase to apparent homogeneity using caprine sperm as the model. Purified ectokinase (CIK) is a novel membrane protein-specific kinase that phosphorylates serine and threonine residues of ectophosphoproteins. This study, using ELISA based on ecto-CIK antibody demonstrates that ecto-CIK level is remarkably higher in the sperm membrane than in the cytosol. The epididymal sperm maturational event as well as sperm vertical velocity is associated with a significant increase in the ecto-CIK level. Ecto-CIK, the membrane protein-specific kinase, is also present in all the tissues tested and is predominantly localized in the cell membrane. Ubiquitous localization of the novel kinase on the mammalian cell membrane suggests that the kinase may play pivotal role in gamete as well as somatic cell regulation by modulating membrane biology through serine/threonine phosphorylation of specific membrane proteins located in the ectodomains.

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Sperm ecto-protein kinase and its protein substrate: Novel regulators of membrane fusion during acrosome reaction

by Arunima Maiti, Debjani Nath, and Gopal Majumder

Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2009

Previously we have purified and characterized a unique plasma membrane-specific cyclic AMP-indepe... more Previously we have purified and characterized a unique plasma membrane-specific cyclic AMP-independent ecto-protein kinase (ecto-CIK) as well as its ecto-phosphoprotein substrate (MPS) using caprine sperm model. This study reports for the first time the role of the sperm external surface protein phosphorylation system on sperm acrosome reaction, which is essential for fertilization. Calcium ionophore A23187 has been used to trigger the sperm acrosome reaction in vitro. Treatment of sperm cells with CIK antibody (dil: 1:500) causes a significant decrease (approx. 50%) in percentage of acrosome reacted sperm. Onset of the acrosome reaction causes a remarkable increase in the rate of acrosin release from the cells in the medium. However, CIK antibody inhibits significantly (approx. 50%) the acrosin release. The level of membrane-bound MPS as estimated by ELISA and the degree of its phosphorylation catalyzed by the endogenous ecto-CIK, increase significantly with the progress of the acrosome reaction. Both the parameters increase by approximately 100% during the 20 min of the reaction. MPS antibody (1:100 dilution) markedly decreases (approx. 75%) percentage of acrosome-reacted sperm. MPS antibody as well shows high efficacy to inhibit acrosin release from spermatozoa. The results demonstrate that the cell-surface protein kinase and its protein substrate are essential for membrane fusion component of acrosome reaction. The data are consistent with the view that MPS regulates acrosomal membrane fusion with the overlying plasma membrane by the mechanism of its phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.

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Green nanotechnology – A new hope for medical biology

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2013

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