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3.3 Projected global changes in sea level Figure 4. Local sea level change (m) during the 21st century

Figure 4 3.3 Projected global changes in sea level Figure 4. Local sea level change (m) during the 21st century

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3.1 Projected Global Changes in Precipitation Figure 2 Multi model mean changes in precipitation (mm day-1) for the time period 2080 to 2099
3.1 Projected Global Changes in Precipitation Figure 2 Multi model mean changes in precipitation (mm day-1) for the time period 2080 to 2099
3.2 Projected Global Changes in Temperature Figure 3 Multi-model mean of annual mean surface warming for the time period 2080 to 2099 rigure o Multi-Mode: Mean Of annual Mean surlace warming ror the time period 2Vdv lO 2Uu77 Changes in temperature are easier to project because temperature in contrast to precipitation 1s a large-scale continuous variable (Frame, 2007). However, a certain degree of uncertainty still persists. Nevertheless, according to the data published by the IPCC (2007), very likely global climate change will cause higher maximum temperatures and more hot days over nearly all land areas. Furthermore there will be higher minimum temperatures and fewer cold and frosty days. The biggest changes in surface temperature are expected to happen in high latitudes as well as in the interior of the continents. That is, throughout the USA and Canada, across Bolivia and Brazil, in the Mediterranean region (especially in the north-western African states), in southern Africa (around the Kalahari Desert), across the Arabian Peninsula, the Tibetan plateau as well as north-west Australia.
3.2 Projected Global Changes in Temperature Figure 3 Multi-model mean of annual mean surface warming for the time period 2080 to 2099 rigure o Multi-Mode: Mean Of annual Mean surlace warming ror the time period 2Vdv lO 2Uu77 Changes in temperature are easier to project because temperature in contrast to precipitation 1s a large-scale continuous variable (Frame, 2007). However, a certain degree of uncertainty still persists. Nevertheless, according to the data published by the IPCC (2007), very likely global climate change will cause higher maximum temperatures and more hot days over nearly all land areas. Furthermore there will be higher minimum temperatures and fewer cold and frosty days. The biggest changes in surface temperature are expected to happen in high latitudes as well as in the interior of the continents. That is, throughout the USA and Canada, across Bolivia and Brazil, in the Mediterranean region (especially in the north-western African states), in southern Africa (around the Kalahari Desert), across the Arabian Peninsula, the Tibetan plateau as well as north-west Australia.
EISUIC OS PF OUCMUAL MIND ACE UF SUaMIC VCE LISC UM DAllslaUColl UNCHACE WICK, ULVEE SIN EE WAP CMU, 2UUU) Impacts of climate change are already being felt in the country. But again, it is difficult to fin a systematic study of adaptation strategies adopted by local people. One paper mentions thi indigenous strategies remain the dominant form of response to climate disaster (Srinivasa 2004). That same paper gives a short description of coping strategies utilized by indigenou people in Bangladesh in times of flood, and compares their utilization over a few years. Th strategies include improvement of housing conditions, taking shelter in elevated ground: selling land, fuel and dry food storage, or diet change. The author of the paper then calls o the importance and value of integrating indigenous knowledge and adaptation strategies int climate change adaptation policies.
EISUIC OS PF OUCMUAL MIND ACE UF SUaMIC VCE LISC UM DAllslaUColl UNCHACE WICK, ULVEE SIN EE WAP CMU, 2UUU) Impacts of climate change are already being felt in the country. But again, it is difficult to fin a systematic study of adaptation strategies adopted by local people. One paper mentions thi indigenous strategies remain the dominant form of response to climate disaster (Srinivasa 2004). That same paper gives a short description of coping strategies utilized by indigenou people in Bangladesh in times of flood, and compares their utilization over a few years. Th strategies include improvement of housing conditions, taking shelter in elevated ground: selling land, fuel and dry food storage, or diet change. The author of the paper then calls o the importance and value of integrating indigenous knowledge and adaptation strategies int climate change adaptation policies.
Indonesia has the highest loss of forest area in SE Asia: 1.9 million hectares per year followed by Cambodia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (see figure seven. Loss of forest cover is mostly caused by clearance for agriculture, mining, big plantation projects and grazing. There is an additional need for new land to compensate for loss of soil fertility, fires and drought caused by climate change. Indigenous people will need to readapt their way of life to all these changes in their environment, and possibly also to the impacts of biofuels and carbon sequestration projects.
Indonesia has the highest loss of forest area in SE Asia: 1.9 million hectares per year followed by Cambodia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (see figure seven. Loss of forest cover is mostly caused by clearance for agriculture, mining, big plantation projects and grazing. There is an additional need for new land to compensate for loss of soil fertility, fires and drought caused by climate change. Indigenous people will need to readapt their way of life to all these changes in their environment, and possibly also to the impacts of biofuels and carbon sequestration projects.
Table 2: Punan lunar calendar (Boedhihartono, 2004)
Table 2: Punan lunar calendar (Boedhihartono, 2004)
Figure 8 Extent of forest resources and forest change rate by country or area 2000 — 2005 (FAO, 2001) The Baka Pygmies of South East Cameroon and the Bambendzele of Congo regions in Africa as it can be seen in the figures below. Whereas most northern African states including Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Egypt are gaining in area covered by forest, East and West Africa as well as central African states are loosing significant amounts of forest area. In West and Central Africa, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria together account for most of the loss. The main reason for this rapid loss of forest cover can be found in wildfires which have been especially severe in Angola and in the southern Democratic Republic of Congo as well as in southern Sudan and the Central African Republic. During El Nifio years these fires are particularly devastating (FAO, 2007). The Baka Pygmies of South East Cameroon and the Bambendzele of Congo In the forests surrounding the village of Mambele in SE Cameroon and Bomassa in N. Congo, the Baka and the Bambendzele people have had to adapt their way of life to development programmes, especially industrial logging but in addition to this now have to deal with changes in their environment. Rainfall has become less regular and harder to predict. Women who normally catch fish in barriers built in small streams in the dry season are often unable to achieve traditional fish catches as flood patterns of the rivers are changing. Fire has occurred in forest areas where it has not been observed in the past. The el Nifio years of 1983, 1987 and 1997 all coincided with droughts in the forest zone and fires occurred in forests that had not previously burned in the living memory of these peoples. Crop failures occur when early or dry season rains provoke the germination of seeds, but dry periods in the traditionally wet months cause the seedlings to die.
Figure 8 Extent of forest resources and forest change rate by country or area 2000 — 2005 (FAO, 2001) The Baka Pygmies of South East Cameroon and the Bambendzele of Congo regions in Africa as it can be seen in the figures below. Whereas most northern African states including Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Egypt are gaining in area covered by forest, East and West Africa as well as central African states are loosing significant amounts of forest area. In West and Central Africa, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria together account for most of the loss. The main reason for this rapid loss of forest cover can be found in wildfires which have been especially severe in Angola and in the southern Democratic Republic of Congo as well as in southern Sudan and the Central African Republic. During El Nifio years these fires are particularly devastating (FAO, 2007). The Baka Pygmies of South East Cameroon and the Bambendzele of Congo In the forests surrounding the village of Mambele in SE Cameroon and Bomassa in N. Congo, the Baka and the Bambendzele people have had to adapt their way of life to development programmes, especially industrial logging but in addition to this now have to deal with changes in their environment. Rainfall has become less regular and harder to predict. Women who normally catch fish in barriers built in small streams in the dry season are often unable to achieve traditional fish catches as flood patterns of the rivers are changing. Fire has occurred in forest areas where it has not been observed in the past. The el Nifio years of 1983, 1987 and 1997 all coincided with droughts in the forest zone and fires occurred in forests that had not previously burned in the living memory of these peoples. Crop failures occur when early or dry season rains provoke the germination of seeds, but dry periods in the traditionally wet months cause the seedlings to die.
Related topics:
Indigenous StudiesIndigenous Communication TheoryPastoral Care and CounsellingClimate Chnage
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