Youth Work

Art therapy is part of humanities therapy and may be used for health education in various age groups. Art therapy constitutes a way to release emotional tension or fatigue. It is helpful for working with both ill and healthy people. The aim of the work was to present the possibilities of practical use of selected methods of art therapy in health education in light of the subject literature. The work includes the definition of health and its holistic dimension, art-therapy methods and proposals for their use in the implementation of health education tasks.

Youth work in contemporary Ireland is undergoing many changes. The introduction of the National Quality Standards Framework (2010) has seen a shift from process orientated work to outcomes based models. There are several ongoing debates in the current economic climate which sees the need to satisfy the funding agencies, whilst upholding the core values and principles of youth work. Youth work seems to be divided between 'mainstream' which is open access to all young people, (this type of youth work is generally found in the voluntary sector), and 'targeted' youth work, (which is funded by government initiatives) to tackle disadvantage and social exclusion of young people deemed to be 'at risk' or 'disadvantaged'. Due to a relative lack of literature exploring the viewpoints of young people on their continued engagement with youth work services, the research reported here explores the reasons given by ten young people for their continued engagement in a targeted youth work service. Findings from a focus group discussion agrees with other literature which suggests that multiple factors must co-exist to continue to engage young people. Key factors are the availability of a welcoming environment, the types of programmes on offer and relationships with both peers and the youth workers.

El desarrollo Humano esta intimamente ligado a las actividades politicas en el sentido de los derechos y deberes democraticos individuales y colectivos, este articulo da cuenta de las actuales percepciones sobre el papel de la Institucion Percepciones y politica en San Jose del Palmar (Choco) 3 educativa San Jose en la esfera politica del municipio de San Jose del Palmar (Choco). Teniendo por metodologia las entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a distintos actores pertenecientes a las esferas politicas, economicas, administrativas y educativas del municipio y en el marco de un ano electoral, se confrontaron las miradas de actores egresados y no egresados de la institucion educativa objeto de nuestro analisis. Se adopto como perspectiva de analisis la nocion de percepcion del teorico frances Maurice Merleau Ponty y se acompano dicha lectura de las nociones de democracia, participacion y libertad elaboradas por Hanna Arendt quien interpreta la nocion de la politica, eje transversa...

In Cameroon, rural-urban migration is widespread. This paper, therefore, aimed to verify the influence of rural-urban migration on food insecurity in Cameroon. This study makes use of quantitative research design precisely a survey design in which it helps the researcher in gaining insight of the subject matter and familiarity for later investigation using the Cameroon household consumption surveys (ECAM 4, 2014). The dataset has distinctive information on rural-urban migration which was exploited for the composition of a food Insecurity index was also constructed using six indicators; being unable to eat three square meals a day, unable to eat series and tuber every day, unable to eat vegetables every day, unable to eat meat and fish every day, eat good meals only on feast days and unsatisfied with household minimum food needs. The control function approach was used to estimate rural-urban migration and food insecurity. Findings from the empirical indicates that rural-urban migration has a negative. The results also reveal a negative significant relationship between farm investment and food Insecurity in Cameroon. As a result of these findings, it is recommended that there should be an all-inclusive agricultural programme by the government that will engage the farming population to discourage them from further migration from the rural communities.

Youth development programmes in the MENA region are frequently evaluated through monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems designed and controlled by international donors and institutions (Lemon & Pinet, 2018), prompting critical questions about whose priorities are served and how "success" is defined. Existing studies and reports in the field have largely measured outcomes in terms of economic participation, financial literacy, and employability, with limited attention to youth agency, diverse aspirations, and context-specific understandings of empowerment. This dissertation employs a critical systematic literature review of peer-reviewed articles and grey literature, guided by systematic methods to identify relevant papers. The identified papers are then critically examined using Amartya Sen's Capability Approach (1999) and Antonio Gramsci's concept of Hegemony (1971). Analysis of six key sources reveals that M&E practices in the MENA region prioritise donor expectations, neglect unintended outcomes, and marginalise alternative definitions of empowerment, thereby disproportionately benefiting those from already privileged backgrounds and maintaining structural inequalities. The study calls for participatory, context-sensitive, and capability-enhancing evaluation models that more accurately reflect the diverse realities and aspirations of youth in the region.

HENNA-RIIKKA HAIKONEN, metsätalousinsinööri (AMK), projektitutkija Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala ESA HANNUS, insinööri (AMK), TKI-asiantuntija Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Digitaalinen talous ANNI HARJU, erikoistutkija, FT, dos. Luonnonvarakeskus TARJA HATAKKA, FM, geologi Geologian tutkimuskeskus ELINA HAVIA, DI, tutkimuspäällikkö Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala YRJÖ HILTUNEN, FT, tutkimuspäällikkö Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala MIKKO HOKKANEN, DI, projektipäällikkö Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala EETU HUTTUNEN, sähkötekniikan kandidaatti, tutkimusapulainen Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala SARI HYVÖNEN, FM, kemisti Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala LASSE HÄMÄLÄINEN, insinööri (AMK), tutkimusinsinööri Kaakkois-Suomen ammattikorkeakoulu, Metsä, ympäristö ja energia -vahvuusala SARI HÄMÄLÄINEN, insinööri (AMK), kehitysinsinööri Mikkelin kaupunki JAANA JARVA, FT, erikoistutkija Geologian tutkimuskeskus PANU JOUHKIMO, DI, insinööri (AMK), ohjelmakoordinaattori Mikkelin kehitysyhtiö Miksei Oy

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää yhtenäisen perusopetuksen koulukohtaiseen opetussuunnitelmaan kirjattavan arvopohjan ja toimintakulttuurin yhteyden edellytyksiä sekä yhteyttä tukevia tekijöitä. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvittämään, millaisin toimenpitein yhtenäiskouluksi yhdistyvien koulujen opetussuunnitelmatyötä sekä arvopohjan ja toimintakulttuurin rakentamista voidaan tukea. Tutkimuksessa hyödynnettiin toimintatutkimuksen keinoja. Tutkimusaineiston hankinnassa käytettiin puolistrukturoidun fokusryhmähaastattelun menetelmää. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa hyödynnettiin tutkimuskoulujen kehittämistyössä syntynyttä aineistoa. Tutkimukseen osallistui koulupolkujensa yhtenäistymiseen valmistautumassa olevat kaksi alakoulua ja kaksi yläkoulua. Tutkimuksen yhteydessä järjestettyihin fokusryhmähaastatteluihin osallistui tutkimuskoulujen rehtoreita, luokanopettajia ja aineenopettajia. Opetussuunnitelmaan kirjattavan arvopohjan ja koulun toimintakulttuurin välisen yhteyden ed...

A tanulmány a Hollandia református istentiszteletein tapasztalható átalakulást vizsgálja: a hagyományos örökség és az evangelikál ihletésű újítások keveredését. A Kampen városában szerzett tapasztalatok alapján rámutat, hogy a kompromisszumos formák többnyire átmenetiek, míg a zsoltáréneklést őrző közösségek – mint Urk – erős önazonosságot mutatnak.


This study examines the transformation of Netherlands Reformed worship, where traditional heritage mixes with evangelical innovations. Based on field experience in Kampen, it argues that hybrid forms are usually transitional, while communities preserving psalm singing—such as Urk—maintain a strong identity.

Co-contributors Introduction Chapter 1. What is 'Youth Participation'? Chapter 2. Models of Youth Participation -are they helpful? Chapter 3. Perspectives on Participation -is the process linear and hierarchical, sequential and developmental, or organic and circuitous? Chapter 4. Do All Young People Want to Participate? Chapter 5. Are There Limits to Participation and Young People's Decision Making? Chapter 6. Why Should Young People Participate? Chapter 7. Empowerment and Co-design -what roles do they play in participation? And what is the role of 'listening' to young people? Chapter 8. Agency and Control -is it important that young people have control? Chapter 9. Are Alliances with Adults Strategically Important for Young People's Participation -or is there a danger? Chapter 10. Youth Engagement and Participation -can these two concepts work together? Chapter 11. What is the Relationship Between Citizenship and Participation? Chapter 12. Can Participation Go Wrong -even with the best intentions?

Los cánones de belleza varían según el momento histórico que se viva, sin embargo la estética siempre ha sido motivo de preocupación de los individuos. Para el ser humano la comunicación, incluyendo la sonrisa, es la puerta de entrada a las relaciones humanas y el cuidado de la boca y la posición dentaria cobra especial importancia. Dentro de los tipos de maloclusiones, la Clase I son las más frecuentes a nivel mundial, sin embargo sabemos que existen varios tipos de maloclusiones Clase II y Clase III con características clínicas y etiologías diversas. De aquí que las alternativas de tratamiento dependerán de factores como la edad y la gravedad de la maloclusión. Debido a lo expresado anteriormente, se utilizó un modelo de Regresión Logística para determinar cuáles son las variables que más afectan al grupo estudiado.

El propósito de este artículo es discutir las relaciones intergeneracionales y el aporte de las jóvenes generaciones en los territorios que habitan a través de sus repertorios de participación social y política. Además de un apartado sobre el proceso de construcción del presente texto, estructuramos el artículo en los siguientes apartes. El primero, presenta un acercamiento conceptual a la perspectiva generacional y sitúa a lxs jóvenes como sujetos políticos y sujetas políticas cuyas subjetividades se construyen con otros procesos y actores presentes en sus tierras y territorios. Se analiza la manera en que los procesos de expansión del capital sobre los territorios rurales configuran nuevas realidades y desafíos para las generaciones infantojuveniles que los habitan, aquí, es clave la mirada crítica sobre la perspectiva de las nuevas ruralidades en tanto aproximación que en las últimas décadas ha sido empleada para dar cuenta de los procesos de cambio en los mundos rurales latinoamericanos.

Media plays key role in shaping public opinion and influencing individual perception. It is considered the watchdog of society responsible for reflecting upon, and dissecting, the society’s trending issues. Be it safety and security, social welfare, corruption, politics and the economy, vis a vis the policies that regulate the populace. The media sets agenda for societal discussion through its daily reports. This paper’s aim is to examine the security situation in the North eastern Nigeria through recourse to media propaganda in the southern part of the country, the goal being to reassess what the southerners have taken for granted about the security and safety in the North eastern Nigeria. To achieve this, the study utilizes both primary and secondary data (interviews, print, broadcast and internet material), which is analyzed through the Agenda-Setting Theory lens. The finding of this study reveals that there has been misinformation regarding the security situation in North Eastern Nigeria; interviews conducted in the course of this study suggested that the misinformation affects the perception of people in the Southern Nigeria. They simply believe that northeast is a "no-go area," laced with bombs, bandits and kidnappers. However, this study dispels the perception that "No safety in North Eastern states," especially Adamawa State. Adamawa is populated with peace - loving and communally friendly people: very kind and accommodating to law-abiding indigenes and visitors alike, in the face of situational insecurity reports about the North East. At present, Adamawa is not a dangerous place to venture to, based on the picture of insecurity reports galvanized by both local and international media organizations in the past. As such, the paper concludes that insecurity in the northeastern Nigeria is being exaggerated by various media outlets, as not every inch of space in the North East is full of bombs, terrorists and kidnappers.

Svrha ovog rada je usustaviti i kronološki prikazati elemente koji su utjecali na razvoj građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja od 1999. godine do danas u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rad prati relevantne dokumente i strategije u kojima se građanski odgoj i obrazovanje izričito navodi, objavljena istraživanja u području građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja te ključne dionike koji se nameću kao akteri u njegovoj provedbi. Počevši od poticaja, koji je došao iz Europe, da bi sve države kao prioritet trebale imati uvođenje odgoja i obrazovanja za ljudska prava i demokratsko građanstvo u odgojno-obrazovne sustave, rad prati na koji je način Republika Hrvatska odgovorila na te poticaje. U središtu su interesa pitanja kako je i je li sustav pokušao uključiti ovu temu u obrazovnu politiku Republike Hrvatske te tko je sve utjecao na te procese. Rad kronološki prikazuje sve događaje u području razvoja politike građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja od 1999. godine, kada je donesen prvi strateški dokument koji pretposta...

Ključne riječi: Agencija za odgoj i obrazovanje, demokracija, građanski odgoj i obrazovanje, Ministarstvo znanosti i obrazovanja, odgojno-obrazovna politika 1. Uvod Demokratski ustrojena društva uređuju se na vladavini prava. Unutar tako ustro-jenog društva država dobiva određene odgovornosti i dužnosti prema svakom po-jedincu. Jedna od tih odgovornosti države jest omogućiti pojedincu da stekne po-trebna znanja, vještine i stavove kako bi mogao kompetentno djelovati u društvu ljudskih prava i demokracije. Teret ove odgovornosti u najvećoj mjeri spada na uvo-đenje odgoja i obrazovanja za ljudska prava i demokratsko građanstvo u odgojno-obrazovne sustave. Odgoj i obrazovanje za ljudska prava i demokratsko građanstvo definirano je Svjetskim programom za obrazovanje za ljudska prava 16 Ujedinjenih naroda kao "obrazovanje, treninzi i informacije čiji je cilj izgradnja univerzalne kulture ljudskih prava". Pritom obrazovanje za ljudska prava ne promiče samo znanje o ljudskim prav...

Empirijsko istraživanje o provedbi građanskog odgoja i obrazovanje realizirano je u sklopu projekta „Pracenje provedbe građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja u hrvatskom odgojno-obrazovnom sustavu“. U ovom se izvjestaju prikazuju rezultati desk analize relevantne dokumentacije, kvalitativne analize misljenja i stavova predstavnika javnog i civilnog sektora te kvantitativne analize misljenja i stavova ucenika i nastavnika iz 40 skola u kojima se tijekom skolske godine 2014.-15. građanski odgoj i obrazovanje provodio kao zaseban izborni predmet ili međupredmetno. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja izrađene su preporuke za unaprjeđenje politike i prakse građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja upucene najvažnijim dionicima odgoja i obrazovanja. Projekt je provodila Mreža mladih Hrvatske u suradnji s Istraživacko-obrazovnim centrom za ljudska prava i demokratsko građanstvo Filozofskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, uz tehnicku potporu Nacionalnog centra za vanjsko vrednovanje obrazovanja i financijsku...

O texto sintetiza resultados de uma avaliação de implementação dos seis projetos-piloto que inauguraram a experiência de qualificação social e inserção laboral juvenil por meio dos Consórcios Sociais da Juventude, envolvendo as regiões do Distrito Federal e Entorno,

This study examines Early School Leaving (ESL) and resilience in young people aged 15-20. It explores effects of negative internalised stereotypes on Early School Leavers (ESLs). Three Positive Youth Development (PYD) programmes were used to challenge these stereotypes in one Youthreach centre. 19 participants recruited from a Youthreach centre participated in the programmes including: Research Action Project (RAP), GAISCE, and Canoeing Skills. A cycle of discrimination, depression and drug use were important issues affecting the lives of ESLs.

Kenya's urban youths in Nairobi's informal and low income settlements have had to contend with an identity crisis, economic deprivation, marginalization in leadership and governance and general stigmatization. Moreover, they have borne a heavy burden both as victims and perpetrators of crime, wanton sex trade and drug abuse. This has led to the emergence of a special language variety in the form of an urban slang (Sheng) that the youth initially used to exclude their parents and the authorities from their perceived criminal acts. However, since the enactment of a new constitution that has expanded the democratic space and created broader awareness of individual rights and liberties, Kenya's urban youth in Nairobi have given new roles to Sheng by making it a symbol of youth's autonomy and creativity. This article uses the case of the youth-initiated Koch FM which is a model urban community radio station that primarily uses urban slang in its presentations. Through this station, the socio-economically disadvantaged youths create and maintain social networks in the form of support groups, theatre and income generating clubs with the objective of creating wealth, thereby boosting identity through assertive self-expression. The youth can then articulate and influence policy on social, political and economic affairs by sharing information on health, HIV/AIDS, political representation and governance roles. This case study demonstrates that a common language can be an effective unifier since it transcends social, economic, religious, ethnic, political and gender barriers. La jeunesse urbaine kenyane des quartiers défavorisés de Nairobi est confrontée à une crise d'identité, à

भारतीय संस्कृति में “तपोवन” यज्ञ तथा तपस्या का क्रीडा स्थल ही नहीं अपितु अध्यात्म का केंद्र था।  तपोवन के अध्यात्म में हमारी संस्कृति जन्मी और पनपी। भारतीय संस्कृति तथा सभ्यता का पाठ विश्व को जिन ऋषियों ने पढ़ाया उसका जीवन तपोवन में ही समृद्ध तथा विकसित हुआ। क्योंकि पर्वतों की उपत्यकाओं, नदी-तटों, वनों तथा उपवनों में ऋषियों के आश्रम होते थे, और यही आश्रम गुरुकुल हुआ करते थे। जो ज्ञान प्राप्ति के प्रमुख केन्द्र होते थे।इन गुरुकुलों में मनुष्य के सर्वतोमुखी सर्वांगीण विकास हेतु  परा तथा अपरा विद्याओं की शिक्षा प्रदान की जाती थी । इस प्रकार“तपोवन” नाना विद्याओं का अनुसंधान स्थल था।

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre espacios primate y la forma de
arcos dentarios en los niños de 3 a 6 años matriculados en el año escolar 2023, en la I. E. Inicial Niño
Jesús de Praga, de la ciudad de Moyobamba, Perú. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio prospectivo,
transversal, descriptivo y observacional estuvo conformado por 237 participantes, quienes fueron
examinados aplicando una ficha clínica donde se registraron los hallazgos en función de la ausencia
o presencia de espacios primate, y la forma del arco dentario fue clasificada en ovalado, cuadrado
o triangular. Se realizó un análisis univariado de frecuencia y porcentaje, y bivariado mediante la
prueba de chi-cuadrado, con un nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados: Se encontró que, en la
arcada superior, el 82,3% presentó espacios primates en ambos cuadrantes; en la arcada inferior fue
el 50,2%, seguido por el 45,6% que mostró ausencia de espacios primate en ambos cuadrantes. La
forma de arco dentario más frecuente en ambas arcadas fue la ovalada (70,5%). El 58,6% presentó
espacios primate en ambos cuadrantes y forma de arco ovalada para la arcada superior, y el 34,6%
para la inferior. Se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre espacios primate y
forma de arco dentario en la arcada superior (p = 0,005), en los participantes de 4 años (p = 0,025) y
de sexo femenino (p = 0,002). Conclusiones: La presencia de espacios primate en ambos cuadrantes
fue predominante para la arcada superior e inferior, así como la forma de arco ovalado, siendo la
combinación de estas características la más frecuente, con lo que se espera que el desarrollo de su
oclusión sea armonioso.

ÉPIGRAPHE «En afrique une famille qui pleure, c'est un village qui tremble » Wole sonyinka V ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH This thesis, entitled "Family Vulnerability and Social Actions of Revival Churches in the Commune of Kikula", adopts a sociological approach to analyze the mechanisms of family precariousness in an urban Congolese context, and to assess the role of revival churches as social actors. Using a qualitative methodology based on field surveys, interviews, and observations, the study reveals that families in Kikula face multidimensional vulnerability: economic, nutritional, health-related, educational, and psychosocial. Revival churches, although religious institutions, act as community-based structures by providing material aid, moral support, microcredit, and educational assistance. Findings show that these interventions have a real but limited impact due to a lack of professionalization, financial resources, and coordination with other social actors. The thesis offers recommendations to improve the effectiveness of religious interventions, including the structuring of social committees, training of religious leaders, and the creation of inter-institutional partnerships. This work contributes to a better understanding of the link between spirituality, solidarity, and local development, and opens up perspectives for more inclusive and sustainable social action.

The positive impact of youth centers on the development of young people is well documented. Many studies have highlighted the importance of these centers in providing access to resources and opportunities. However, research on which elements of social capital are fostered through personal relationships remains limited. This study aims to explore how social capital develops in youth centers, focusing on the structure and content of youth relationships.

This study was conducted in 19 youth centers across Slovenia, encompassing 23 distinct nonformal learning programs. Data were collected through 59 semi-structured interviews with three groups of participants: youth, trainers, and organizers. Through inductive thematic analysis based on grounded theory, the study identified nine central themes.

The findings suggest that supportive relationships are necessary for authentic learning experiences and identity formation. However, the study also found that their bridging role between different social classes remains limited. Further research into youth relationships in different educational and cultural contexts is needed.

Keywords Youth · Relationships · Social capital · Youth centers

CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by Theseus TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU Auto-ja kuljetustekniikan koulutusohjelma Auto-ja korjaamotekniikka Joensuu, Jani Katsaus sähköautojen tekniikkaan Tutkintotyö 36 sivua Työn ohjaaja Tekniikan lisensiaatti Tauno Kulojärvi Joulukuu 2009 Hakusanat sähköauto, sähkömoottori, akku TIIVISTELMÄ Päästörajoitusten tiukennuttua sähköauto on noussut uudelleen esiin tulevaisuuden kulkuvälineenä. Tämän työn tarkoituksena oli tutkia minkälaista tekniikkaa tämän päivän sähköautot pitävät sisällään ja minkälainen kehitys tekniikalla on ollut. Teknisen tarkastelun alla oli eri sähkömoottorityypit ja niiden soveltuvuus käyttötarkoitukseen. Yleisesti sähköautoissa käytettävät moottorityypit ovat oikosulku-tai tasavirtamoottoreita. Myös rakenteeltaan erilainen aksiaalivuomoottori soveltuu hyvin sähköautokäyttöön. Moottorit ovat mahdollista asentaa myös suoraan pyörännapaan. Työssä tarkasteltiin myös erilaiset akkutekniikat sekä vertailtiin niiden ominaisuudet sähköautokäytössä. Yleisimmät sähköautokäytössä olevat akut ovat lyijy-, nikkeli-ja litiumakkuja. Lisäksi työssä käsiteltiin ohjausjärjestelmät ja invertterit. Ohjausjärjestelmä vahtii ja ohjaa koko auton sähkötekniikkaa, mutta sen päätehtävänä on säädellä akuilta tuleva jännite tilanteeseen sopivaksi moottorille. TAMPERE POLYTECHNIC Automobile and transport engineering Automobile and garage engineering Joensuu, Jani Electric cars technology today Engineering Thesis 36 pages Thesis Supervisor Tauno Kulojärvi MSc

Nepal is experiencing one of the fastest rates of urbanization in South Asia, with particularly rapid expansion in the Kathmandu Valley and emerging metropolitan centers such as Pokhara and Biratnagar. This transformation is reshaping economic opportunities, population distribution, and land use, but it is unfolding within a geologically fragile Himalayan environment. The country's steep mountain slopes, high seismic activity, and inherently unstable soils create a physical landscape that is already prone to natural hazards. Urban growth in such terrain magnifies risks, as unplanned settlements, poorly engineered infrastructure, and encroachment on marginal lands increase exposure to disaster impacts. Climate change is compounding these vulnerabilities. Intensified and erratic rainfall patterns are triggering more frequent floods and landslides, while rising temperatures exacerbate heat stress in densely built urban areas. The interplay of topography, climatic shifts, and rapid urban expansion also contributes to deteriorating air quality already a significant public health challenge by trapping pollutants in valley basins and amplifying respiratory illnesses. These environmental stresses place mounting pressure on urban infrastructure, strain essential services such as water supply and drainage systems, and threaten economic stability, particularly for marginalized urban populations who have limited adaptive capacity.

This study delves into the effects of migration on child labor within rural kebeles of Angot and Raya Kobo Districts, North Wello, Ethiopia. Data was collected from 431 households randomly chosen across four kebeles. Data analysis Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the working-age migration reciprocally impacted child labor in the migrant households in the study area. Moreover, the migration of working-age family members exposes children within migrant families to extensive hours of labor. The Propensity Score Matching (PSM) analysis underscores that children residing in households with migrant family members exhibited a higher likelihood of engagement in family labor and dedicated increased weekly hours to work compared to their counterparts in non-migrant families. Some of the factors that expose children of households with migrant families are poor financial rewards of education and the expansion of other business activities that drain the financial benefits of migration instead of child education. This study emphasizes the importance of supporting legal migration routes to save migrants from participating in illegal migration routes. It also suggests increasing public awareness of the detrimental impacts of child labor. It places a strong emphasis on enabling rural families to use their migration earnings to fund their kids' education and well-being. A comprehensive strategy for sustainable development in rural parts of the study areas is necessary to address the issue of migration-induced child labor. Volume 46 Number 1

Este artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa em andamento em três províncias da Sierra Central do Equador, analisa três processos fundamentais que atravessam o espaço das dinâmicas comunais do mundo indígena andino: a) relações (neo) coloniais codificadas no nomear os sujeitos e suas relações, no instituir práticas e no administrar a população; b) a relação com a terra e suas distintas morfologias de reprodução socioeconômica e simbólica; c) a mobilidade humana expressa nos processos migratórios. Nesses processos, articulados por formas modernizadoras veiculadas a partir da educação escolar e a mercantilização generalizada das relações sociais, é que acreditamos que a constituição do sujeito jovem-juvenil indígena poderá ser mais bem compreendida.

Правни оквир и политике родне равноправности, која представља кључну компоненту универзалних људских права, усмеравани су међународним оквиром и обавезама које је Република Србија преузела ратификацијом релевантних међународних конвенција. Међу најважнијим међународним документима су Међународни пакт о грађанским и политичким правима (1966), Конвенција о елиминисању свих облика дискриминације жена (CEDAW), Конвенција УН о политичким правима жена (1953), Међународни пакт о економским, социјалним и културним правима (1966), Резолуција 1325 УН „Жене, мир и безбедност” (2000), Конвенција Савета Европе о спречавању и борби против насиља над женама и насиља у породици (Истанбулска конвенција), и др. За једнаке могућности и елиминисање дискриминације жена са инвалидитетом од посебног је значаја Конвенција о правима особа са инвалидитетом (2006), итд.
Национални правни оквир за родну равноправност успостављен је Уставом Републике Србије (чл. 15), Законом о родној равноправности („Службени гласник РС”, број 52/21) који представља кровни правни акт за остваривање и унапређивање родне равноправности, као и два подзаконска акта за примену овог закона, и то: Правилник о вођењу евиденције и извештавању о остваривању родне равноправности, као и Правилник о изради и спровођењу Плана управљања ризицима од повреде принципа родне равноправности, који су објављени у „Службеном гласнику РС”, број 67/22, затим, Закон о забрани дискриминације („Службени гласник РС”, бр. 22/09 и 52/21), који обухвата и забрану дискриминације на основу пола и било ког личног својства, укључујући и родни идентитет, те Закона о спречавању дискриминације особа са инвалидитетом („Службени гласник РС”, бр. 33/06 и 13/16).

The IncludeME project (Inclusive Educational Opportunities for Migrants and Refugees with Inadequate or Postponed Formal Education), funded by the Erasmus+ programme (KA2-Youth), represents a comprehensive European effort to address the challenges faced by young migrants and refugees with disrupted educational trajectories. Through a holistic and transnational approach, the project provides inclusive educational and professional pathways by integrating non-formal learning, digital tools, intercultural pedagogy, and psychosocial support. This article explores the theoretical underpinnings of inclusion and intercultural education, highlighting how IncludeME bridges gaps between formal and non-formal education. Key tools developed within the project-including an e-learning platform, learning pills, educational and career guidance, and resilience support-are analysed in the context of their implementation across six European countries. The pilot phase involved an estimated 150 young migrants and 60 youth workers, validating the project's adaptability and impact. Findings underscore the transformative potential of education when aligned with digital innovation, cultural responsiveness, and emotional well-being. The study concludes with reflections on the replicability of the model and the necessity of continued investment in inclusive education policies across Europe.

ABSTRACT
Investigation on the Decision-Making Pr ocess of Firefighters at Disaster Scenes
Cha, Joo-Hyun Graduate School of Soongsil University Department of Disaster and Safety Management
“Firefighters are not gods,” one of the study participants remarked. Fr om this single comment, it is painfully apparent the extreme anguish of a firefighter who is not all powerful and, therefore, must choose whom to save at an emergency scene.
Firefighters train rigorously to make the right choice at disaster scen es, but underneath their fire proof vests are people who are vulnerable to the pressure from such heated situations. During disasters, firefighter s are required to make swift decisions in rapidly changing and harsh co nditions with limited resources at hand. The inherent uncertainty at dis aster sites present firefighters with the dilemma between rescuing lives and ensuring the safety of their crew members. In such situations, the decision-making process becomes a crucial factor in influencing civilian lives, crew safety, and the extent of property damage.However, educational institutions training firefighters currently lack su fficient specialized programs for in depth decision making education. Ad ditionally, existing studies on disaster scene Standard Operating Procedu res (SOPs) and firefighter decision making rarely utilize qualitative appr oaches capable of contextually understanding the unique characteristics of disaster scenes and the firefighters' language.
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing firefig hters' judgment and decision making processes based on their years of experience and to derive practical implications.
This study The data was analyzed using a grounded theory approach, which identifies important concepts and core categories influencing firefi ghters’ decision making abilities.
The results revealed that even amid uncertainties of time, pressure, and l imited information, other factors enable firefighters to make fast, rational d ecisions. These include intuition gained through experience as well as a fir efighter’s unique mindset that drives them to defy their instincts and enter rescue situations, disregarding their own safety. Additionally, profound trus t between the commanders and crew members, along with firefighters’ resi lience to stress, allows them to endure the pressures of this process. The ability to withstand the intense circumstances without hesitation stems fro m the unique team-based culture of firefighting organizations. The insights gained from the results of this study can serve as a foundational resource for understanding the decision-making processes that firefighters encounter in disaster situations and provide a theoretical background to support these approaches in practice. The study aims to propose practical measures to aid in decision making and stress management for firefighters, as well as ot her disaster response professionals, and establish the necessary organizatio nal and cultural foundations to reinforce sound decision making.
Keywords: recognition primed decision; firefighter mindset; stress resista nce; intuitive judgment; disaster response; grounded theory

This report is the result of a Brainstorming Session organised through the Voices of Culture process, a Structured Dialogue between the European Commission and the cultural sector represented by more than 30 people affiliated to cultural associations, NGOs, and other bodies. This process provides a framework for discussions between EU civil society stakeholders and the European Commission with regard to culture. Its main objective is to provide a channel for the voice of the cultural sector in Europe to be heard by EU policy-makers. In addition, it aims to strengthen the advocacy capacity of the cultural sector in policy debates on culture at a European level, while encouraging it to work in a more collaborative way. The session on "The Role of Culture in Promoting Inclusion in the Context of Migration", held on 14-15 June 2016 in Brussels, has provided a space for exchange and discussion between 33 participants representing the cultural sectors from the EU Member States. The present report is the result of the discussion and will be presented to the European Commission at a Dialogue Meeting on 15 September 2016 in Brussels. This document has been drafted and edited principally by six of the participants (listed below), coordinated via online digital means and in close consultation with all 33 participants who provided support and feedback (see list of participants in annex):

Независни истраживач, Добој Деана Ђекић, дипл. соц. радник 2 ЈУ Центар за социјални рад Дервента Abstrakt: Имајући у виду да се особе с инвалидитетом у друштву често налазе на маргинама тржишта рада бављење друштвеним предузетништвом је начин остваривања њихове запослености и друштвеног активизма ради обазбјеђења средстава за живот и учешћа у друштвеном развоју. Циљ овог рада је указати на значај државне добити и добробити од друштвеног предузетништва са посебним освртом на примјере актуализације предузетништва особа с инвалидитетом. За особе с инвалидитетом друштвено предузетништво пружа могућност социјалне и економске инклузије, искориштавања способности, подизања квалитета живота, остварења креативних и иновативних идеја као и давања личног доприноса за друштвени живот и развој. Управо због тога, овај рад се бави конкретним примјерима запошљавања особа с инвалидитетом кроз концепт друштвеног предузетништва. За ту сврху примијењене су методе интервјуа и квалитативне анализе случаја на примјерима друштвених предузећа која су у свом ради имају инкорпориране идеје друштвеног предузетништва за особе с инвалидитетом. Кључне ријечи: друштвено предузетништво, особе с инвалидитетом, социјална укљученост Увод У циљу стављања у заједнички контекст друштвено предузетништво и особе с инвалидитетом потребно је дефинисати појам друштвеног предзетништа и друштвени интерес који он заступа. Друштвено

Независни истраживач, Добој Деана Ђекић, дипл. соц. радник 2 ЈУ Центар за социјални рад Дервента Abstrakt: Имајући у виду да се особе с инвалидитетом у друштву често налазе на маргинама тржишта рада бављење друштвеним предузетништвом је начин остваривања њихове запослености и друштвеног активизма ради обазбјеђења средстава за живот и учешћа у друштвеном развоју. Циљ овог рада је указати на значај државне добити и добробити од друштвеног предузетништва са посебним освртом на примјере актуализације предузетништва особа с инвалидитетом. За особе с инвалидитетом друштвено предузетништво пружа могућност социјалне и економске инклузије, искориштавања способности, подизања квалитета живота, остварења креативних и иновативних идеја као и давања личног доприноса за друштвени живот и развој. Управо због тога, овај рад се бави конкретним примјерима запошљавања особа с инвалидитетом кроз концепт друштвеног предузетништва. За ту сврху примијењене су методе интервјуа и квалитативне анализе случаја на примјерима друштвених предузећа која су у свом ради имају инкорпориране идеје друштвеног предузетништва за особе с инвалидитетом. Кључне ријечи: друштвено предузетништво, особе с инвалидитетом, социјална укљученост Увод У циљу стављања у заједнички контекст друштвено предузетништво и особе с инвалидитетом потребно је дефинисати појам друштвеног предзетништа и друштвени интерес који он заступа. Друштвено

Advocacy is an integral part of child and youth care workers’ roles and a significant component of child and youth care politicized praxis and radical youth work. Drawing from the qualitative data of a mixed-methods study conducted in 2019 at a Canadian metropolitan university, this study seeks to unpack how the pedagogy of the lightning talk can foster advocacy skills to effectively and spontaneously speak out with and on behalf of children, youth, and families in everyday practice when an unforeseen systemic challenge or barrier arises. A purposive sample of 70 undergraduate students was recruited in two child and youth care courses, both of which required students to present a lightning talk. Participants completed an online questionnaire with closed-ended and open-ended questions in order to share their perspectives of the pedagogy of the lightning talk. The findings show that the lightning talk fosters twenty-first century and metacognitive skills and, most importantly, advocac...