Virtual Identity

Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Yasası gereğince bu eserin yayın hakkı anlaşmalı olarak T. C. Üsküdar Üniversitesi'ne aittir. Her hakkı saklıdır. Kaynak gösterilerek alıntı yapılabilir. Bu kitabın hiçbir kısmı yayıncısının yazılı izni olmaksızın elektronik veya mekanik, fotokopi, kayıt vb. bir bilgi saklama, erişim sistemi yolu ile çoğaltılamaz, dağıtılamaz ve satışa sunulamaz. Bu kitap, 12. Uluslararası İletişim Günleri Dijital Çağda Medya ve İletişim Çalışmaları Sempozyumu bildiri özetlerinden derlenmiş olup metinlerde yer alan her tür görüş ve düşüncenin sorumluluğu bildirinin yazarına aittir.

como una herramienta educomunicativa en el ecosistema digital universitario. A través de un enfoque mixto, que combina técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas, se estudian los contenidos publicados en dicha página entre enero de 2023 y mayo de 2024. El objetivo principal es identificar cómo se promueven la formación académica y la participación de la comunidad estudiantil mediante el uso estratégico de esta red social. La investigación se sustenta en un marco teórico centrado en la educomunicación, lo que permite comprender los procesos comunicacionales mediados por tecnologías digitales y su potencial para fortalecer el aprendizaje colaborativo. Los resultados evidencian que la fanpage no solo cumple una función informativa, sino que también contribuye a la difusión de eventos académicos, a la reflexión sobre problemáticas sociales contemporáneas y a la dinamización de la vida universitaria. Uno de los hallazgos más relevantes es el rol de la interacción digital como factor clave en la construcción de una comunidad activa y participativa. Se concluye que una gestión educomunicativa consciente y coherente de los contenidos permite transformar la fanpage en un espacio de vinculación, innovación y fortalecimiento institucional, para reafirmar el papel de Facebook como plataforma educativa en la educación superior.

La deontología en el transcurso de la historia viene dando más importancia en la mayoría de los campos en el cual interviene el ser humano, llegando a asociarla con una serie de disciplinas y conductas del ser humano, aquellas actitudes que son propias de cada ser y que no se puede juzgar a través de una audiencia o un documento legal para un juicio. La deontología como práctica de vida no es más que, hacer lo correcto y lo debido, como dice su significado, es el estudio de lo debido, este estudio se basa también en los códigos deontológicos que son una serie de normas o pasos a seguir dentro de un ámbito especifico, estos códigos se forman en base a la experiencia y estudio de cada ser humano, la responsabilidad es el principal factor para cumplir con la deontología, siendo así indispensable para lograrlo.

The development of digital technology has transformed the way individuals communicate, notably through the phenomenon of anonymity in virtual spaces. Anonymity enables users to express themselves more freely without fear of social judgment or negative consequences. This study explores the dynamics of virtual communication psychology, focusing on how anonymity influences self-expression, user motivation, and its impact on social interactions in the digital world. The findings indicate that anonymity can enhance self-disclosure, but also carries the risk of negative behavior if not balanced with ethical awareness and social responsibility.

The development of digital technology has transformed the way individuals communicate, notably through the phenomenon of anonymity in virtual spaces. Anonymity enables users to express themselves more freely without fear of social judgment or negative consequences. This study explores the dynamics of virtual communication psychology, focusing on how anonymity influences self-expression, user motivation, and its impact on social interactions in the digital world. The findings indicate that anonymity can enhance self-disclosure, but also carries the risk of negative behavior if not balanced with ethical awareness and social responsibility.

Mengkaji fenomena oversharing untuk memahami motivasi dibaliknya, khususnya pada ekspresi diri dan validasi sosial. Media sosial menggubah cara individu berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi seperti, pengguna dapat mengekspresikan diri dengan berbagi momen pribadi, perasaan dan pendapat. Kemudahan ini memunculkan fenomena oversharing, yakni sebuah tindakan berbagi informasi berlebih di ruang publik digital tanpa mempertimbangkan risiko dan dampak psikologis. Tercermin dari jumlah like, komentar dan viewers mendorong individu melakukan pengulangan perilaku oversharing. Menganalisis dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan seperti, cyberbullying, ancaman pedofilia, pencurian identitas dan lain-lain. Pemahaman akan oversharing dan implikasinya diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran diri tentang perilaku berbagi informasi diruang digital yang sehat dan aman.

La astrotanatología, como transdisciplina emergente, ofrece un marco ontoepistemológico para resignificar la muerte en la era digital, articulando pasión, misión, vocación y profesión en una praxis ético-ecológica. A través de un enfoque rizomático, esta disciplina desafía las dicotomías tradicionales entre vida y muerte, humano y cosmos, proponiendo una visión integradora que reconoce la finitud como un nodo en una red de significados interconectados. El astrotanatólogo, como agente ético-ecológico, utiliza la tecnología digital para crear prácticas sostenibles que promuevan la empatía, la solidaridad y el cuidado planetario, tanto como métodos de limitación a la misma tecnología que crea adicciones, aliena, fragmenta y psicotiza comunidades a nivel global.

Selfie has evolved into a global phenomenon. The popularity of selfie has brought some great concerns about identity, privacy, security and control. The habit that accompanies when uploading selfies is to give too much information. This study explores privacy in selfies culture with communication privacy management (CPM) theory. This research uses qualitative research method of phenomenology. The experience that became phenomenon in this research is about swafoto. Phenomenological research is done by collecting data from people who have experienced the phenomenon, and developed a description of the essence of experience for all individuals. This description consists of “what” they experience and “how” they experience it. The results of the analysis show that there is a consideration of privacy by respondents in uploading selfie. Respondents who have received the condition of private informacy turbulence try to consider the situation by the needs of them selves and the opinions aroun...

pada seminar proposal dan seminar hasil yang telah memberikan saran dan koreksi serta membimbing peneliti dalam perbaikan skripsi. Politik Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar yang telah menyalurkan ilmunya kepada penulis selama berada di bangku kuliah. Politik Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar yang telah memberikan pelayanan yang baik kepada penulis selama ini. 7. Rekan-rekan Mahasiswa Jurusan Sosiologi Agama angkatan 2019, dan semua pihak yang turut membantu dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini, semoga dengan bantuannya dapat bernilai ibadah disisi Allah swt. 8. Keluarga besar peneliti yang selalu memberikan dorongan, dukungan beserta doa, sehingga peneliti dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. vi 9. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat peneliti sebutkan satu persatu yang telah membantu kelancaran penyusunan skripsi ini. Selayaknya kalimat yang menyatakan tidak ada sesuatu yang sempurna. Peneliti menyadari bahwa skripsi ini jauh dari kesempurnaan dan masih banyak kekurangan, maka dari itu peneliti mengharapkan saran serta masukan dari pembaca demi penyusunan skripsi dengan variabel yang serupa yang lebih baik lagi. harapan peneliti semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi semuanya.

Objective: Fake news has severely overshadowed the process of public awareness and trust, and has caused many damages to the foundations of governance and democracy. These include disrupting all democratic processes, holding healthy elections, practicing any kind of politics, creating disruption in any political and social developments, and even managing natural and social crises, weakening professional journalism, destroying the social communication system of human societies, injecting fake crises into the economy, and weakening the objective and psychological security of human societies. The emergence of these concerns has opened a new path of research to timely control and reduces the destructive effects of fake news on public opinion. One of these cases is the events that occurred in the fall of 1401 in the country, and mainstream media accounts such as BBC Persian and Iran International, while covering the events, also used fake news as a spice for reporting that the events had occurred and user feedback showed that they had not recognized the falseness of this news. To reduce the impact of fake news, the main goal of this research is to provide solutions obtained from discourse analysis. This is done through a discourse analysis of fake news published on X to answer the question of what discursive reactions are needed in these events to deal with fake news published by the X accounts of the BBC Persian and Iran International news networks. X social media was chosen because it has a news and reporting approach more than other prominent social media in Iran such as Instagram or Telegram, and as a microblog, it shares a greater share of the users' virtual interaction space with reporting. Method: Critical discourse analysis is often used to refer to Norman Fairclough's approach, because his approach is the most well-established method for research in the field of communication, culture, and society compared to others. This approach examines the relationships between verbal events and cultural, political, and social factors, but specifically emphasizes how discourse is influenced by ideology and how discourse influences power relations in society. The approach we use in this study is Fairclough's approach. Because by using this approach, we can answer the questions of this study. In his book (Critical Discourse Analysis), he states that: "I consider discourse to be an interconnected set of three elements: social action, discursive action (production, distribution, and consumption of the text), and text. The analysis of a particular discourse requires the analysis of each of these three dimensions and the relationships between them. Our hypothesis is that there is a meaningful connection between the specific features of texts, the ways in which texts are linked and embedded, and the nature of social action."

Апстракт:
Савремено друштво у значајној је мери прожето дигиталним медијским технологијама. Префиксом дигитално означавамо сваки сегмент функционисања и развоја у дигиталној култури и онлајн друштвености. Медији, етимолошки од речи „medium”, у значењу средишњег, у средишту, посредника, присутни су у сваком облику друштвене свести, од словослагачке Гутенбергове штампарске пресе, све до ере дигиталне информационо-комуникационе револуције данашњице, посредујући и по питању религије. С обзиром на то да се медији означавају и као агенси социјализације, важно је размотрити њихов значај и утицај на формирање и одржавање верског идентитета у глобалном мултинационалном и мултиконфесионалом свету, у времену када се све више говори о виртуелном идентитету и сајбер религији. Питања која су разматрана у овом раду односе се на онлајн јавну сферу, техничко-технолошка својства дигиталних медија и њихове организационе културе у циљу јачања свести националне културе и верског идентитета.

Кључне речи: дигитални медији, организациона култура, верски идентитет, виртуелни идентитет, сајбер религија, дигитална култура

Oyun tasarım süreçlerine katkı sağlayacağı öngörülen bu çalışma, yetenek ve hikaye bağlamında oyuncu tercihlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma tasarım estetiği, oyun hikayesi ve karakter yetenekleri konularında oyuncu görüşlerini sunmaktadır. PvP’nin (Player versus player) ve RPG’nin (Role Playing Games) çoğunlukla tercih edilen oyun türleri olduğu ve oyuncuların oyunları tercih sebeplerinin estetik, rekabet, hız ve hikaye olduğu bilgileri elde edilmiştir. Karakterler ve yetenekler açısından oyunun hikayesinin kesinlikle oyuncuyla bağ kurması gerektiği saptanmıştır. Bu bilgiler ışığında çalışma oyun tasarım süreçlerine fayda sağlayan bilgiler ortaya koymaktadır.

Fenomena "Pasangan Standar TikTok" di media sosial TikTok telah memengaruhi cara Gen Z memandang dan menjalin hubungan romantis. Melalui eksposur terus-menerus terhadap konten yang menampilkan hubungan yang ideal, Gen Z dihadapkan pada tekanan sosial untuk memenuhi standar yang dipromosikan oleh platform tersebut. Hal ini telah menciptakan ekspektasi hubungan yang tidak realistis dan memicu perbandingan sosial yang sering kali merugikan kesehatan mental dan emosional mereka.
Namun, fenomena ini juga memicu fragmentasi di kalangan Gen Z, dengan beberapa merasa terinspirasi dan berusaha menyesuaikan diri dengan standar media sosial, sementara yang lainnya menolak tekanan tersebut dan mencari cara yang lebih autentik dalam menjalani hubungan. TikTok, sebagai platform, memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk norma-norma sosial baru, dan pengaruhnya terhadap hubungan interpersonal di kalangan generasi muda tidak dapat diabaikan.

La investigación se realiza con el objetivo de estudiar los diversos usos y, tiempo de empleo de las redes sociales por los estudiantes universitarios, para analizar la influencia de este aspecto en el desarrollo del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje y una posible relación de las redes sociales con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Se realiza una investigación descriptiva que permita conocer la información y conocer las situaciones, costumbres y actitudes predominantes a través de la descripción de las actividades de los estudiantes de la UEB, UNACH y ESPOCH en relación al uso de las redes sociales en la educación. Para lo cual se realizaron encuestas a una muestra de 511 estudiantes de una población total de 29.748 con un total de 17 preguntas. Las redes sociales poseen relación con el desempeño académico, pero al contrario de lo que se puede pensar, estas no afectan de forma negativa al promedio resultante, sino de forma positiva ya que ayudan a mejorar destrezas como la ha...

WhatsApp'ta paylaştığı 491 haberde ön plana çıkan haber değerleri, duygu tonu ve duygu türünün içerik analizi yönteminden yararlanılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada duygu tonu sınıflandırmasında haberlerin pozitif, negatif ve nötr duygu çağrışımları, duygu türü sınıflandırmasında ise endişe, ilgi duyma, korku, memnuniyet, merak, öfke ve şaşkınlık gibi öne çıkan duygular tanımlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, haberlerde en yüksek oranda siyasetin konu edildiği, en fazla güncellik, önemlilik, ilgi düzeyi ve ilginçlik şeklindeki haber değerlerinin ön planda olduğu, baskın duygu tonunun nötr (% 70,5) ve negatif (% 27,3) olduğu, pozitif tonlu haberlerin ise % 2,2 düzeyinde kaldığı ortaya koyulmuştur. Haber içeriklerinde belirlenen en baskın üç duygu türü ise endişe / kaygı, şaşkınlık ve öfke / kızgınlıktır. Haberlerde emoji kullanımının ise haberin duygu tonu ve duygu türünü belirlemede önemli bir faktör olduğu ve haberin öznel bir değerlendirme ile sunulmasına yol açtığı değerlendirilmektedir.

el sistema de los medios masivos de comunicación como el espacio donde se socializan los imaginarios que los turistas tienen con respecto de los destinos a partir de la información que se les presenta. Para explicar esta construcción se considera cada uno de los campos programáticos con los que opera dicho sistema: la publicidad, el entretenimiento, las noticias y reportajes, quienes construyen de manera diferenciada la imagen turística de un destino, sin embargo se toma como operación común para cada campo, la selección y producción de información, así como su constante actualización en el sistema de los mass media y su función de aceleración en la sociedad. Por lo tanto, se considera la imagen de destinos como una construcción social compleja y dinámica que se construye a partir de constantes actualizaciones mediante el flujo de datos que provienen del sistema social.

This study is based on the basic research problem of how do religious identities become fluid in social sharing networks? The concept of fluidization corresponds to the dynamic and mobile nature of social media networks which tend to surround our daily lives to a great extent. This concept also emphasizes the notion that the physical/offline world and the online space do not necessarily differentiate from each other as postmodernity theorists suggest, and that the (religious) identities that emerge in these spaces feed each other. In this respect, contrary to the common opinion in the literature, the study rejects the assumption that the offline world we live in is "real" and that online environments are "virtual" or "fake". Continuous transitions between online and offline spaces of users of almost all ages make it uncertain which action takes place on a daily life level and which is performed online. Unlike the early periods when the internet emerged, the religiosity of the users, who often participate in online networks with their own names and share their views and thoughts about the religious field which constitutes one of the many aspects of life, becomes visible in the transitivity of these two spaces. This research draws attention to the fact that social media environments, which increase their prevalence among individuals day by day, lead to important changes in religious field as well as identity. Moreover, the finding that offline and online spaces should not be categorically considered as "real" or "virtual" and that the religious identities become fluid in the transitivity of these two spaces clearly shows the importance of the study. In this respect, our study emerges as the first research that focuses on the identities and religious identities on social media in terms of both theoretical background and field findings. Qualitative field research was carried out and in-depth interviews were conducted in order to overcome the difficulties in interpreting the identities and religious identities reflected on social media and to analyze the issue more thoroughly. In addition to many remarkable findings, it is concluded that individuals produce religious identities in social media environments, which largely correspond to their daily identities, and that religiousness is experienced in this fluidity.

La presente investigación expone la percepción de verdad que tienen los comunicadores en el nuevo ecosistema mediático denominado fact-checking. Se trata de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo, basado en la técnica de la entrevista. Se realizaron entrevistas a periodistas que forman parte del staff de dos portales de chequeo de Ecuador, así como entrevistas a periodistas que laboran en distintos medios de comunicación. Los resultados obtenidos fueron examinados con el software de análisis de datos cualitativos, Atlas.ti. Se aplicó una codificación inductiva de conceptos a través de un análisis exploratorio de la información. Luego, se realizó un conteo de palabras que excluyó las preposiciones y se consideraron patrones repetitivos en las respuestas de los informantes claves, en la que se muestran las divergencias conceptuales por parte de los comunicadores. Este tipo de responsabilidades conflictuadas, por el manejo de la verdad en la profesión, podrían ser la génesis de problemas relacionados a la credibilidad de la información difundida en portales de chequeo, así como en los diversos medios de comunicación.

"El que recibe de mí una idea, recibe conocimiento para sí sin atenuar el mío; como el que enciende su vela con la mía, aumenta la luz sin oscurecerme" Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) "En ciencia, el conocimiento es un bien puro; en ética y política es tanto bueno como malo"

A partir de la metodología de análisis estructuralista planteada por Pierre Vernant para el estudio de los mitos, este trabajo analiza el cuento "Carpincheros", de Augusto rosa Bastos, teniendo en cuenta que la trama del mismo está conformada bajo un sistema de oposiciones y complementariedades entre elementos y agentes del relato. Estas relaciones apuntan a un problema de fondo: la identidad del pueblo paraguayo. Así, un grupo de personajes realizan un recorrido que los lleva desde el ámbito de la naturaleza hacia la cultura, dejando de lado su origen; mientras que la protagonista de esta historia, Margaret, realiza el recorrido inverso, buscando en la comunión con la naturaleza su propia identidad.

espanolA partir de la metodologia de analisis estructuralista planteada por Pierre Vernant para el estudio de los mitos, este trabajo analiza el cuento “Carpincheros”, de Augusto rosa Bastos, teniendo en cuenta que la trama del mismo esta conformada bajo un sistema de oposiciones y complementariedades entre elementos y agentes del relato. Estas relaciones apuntan a un problema de fondo: la identidad del pueblo paraguayo. Asi, un grupo de personajes realizan un recorrido que los lleva desde el ambito de la naturaleza hacia la cultura, dejando de lado su origen; mientras que la protagonista de esta historia, Margaret, realiza el recorrido inverso, buscando en la comunion con la naturaleza su propia identidad. EnglishFrom the methodology of analysis structuralist raised by Pierre Vernant for the study of the myths, this one work analyzes the story Augusto Roa Bastos's "Carpincheros", bearing in mind that the plot of the same one is shaped under a system of examinations an...

Los medios construyen nuestras identidades influyendo en quiénes somos y en los rasgos que nos definen grupalmente. Toda comunicación es, por tanto, identitaria. Los medios de comunicación difunden representaciones configurándose como un punto básico en la construcción de identidades, estableciendo finalmente un nosotros y un ellos, en conexión con los roles sociales y en dependencia del contexto político y económico, convertidos en objeto de pugna. Desde este punto de partida teórico, el propósito del artículo es considerar y analizar en profundidad las distintas relaciones que se establecen entre los conceptos de identidad, virtualidad y género en los medios de comunicación. La relación de la elaboración de diferentes modelos de identidad en los medios de comunicación con la tecnología, Internet y el feminismo es clara y ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios 1. Esta relación se articulará como el eje teórico del artículo. Para mostrar esta relación en el contexto específico de los medios de comunicación se realizará un recorrido por los distintos presupuestos teóricos de la construcción identitaria ocupándonos, por tanto, de las identidades virtuales, de la conexión entre identidad y memoria y, por último, de la conexión entre identidad, género y virtualidad.

From the beginning, the cinema has contained an aspect called entertainment, play, and pleasure. In this way, it is impossible not to mention David Fincher and Michael Haneke. A comparative study of two works from Schechner's point of view can be a good guide to further understanding what the game is. In the same way, the description of some types of things that include games, such as traditional games, or non-traditional (local) games and games in the sense of entertainment or time, with specific principles and structure are discussed. The case of study in this research is Michael Haneke's "Funny Games" and "The Game" made by David Fincher. The purpose of this research is to compare the concepts of the game and its rules according to the "game theory" of Richard Schechner and to analyze and analyze the types of games that both the audience and the character will touch while watching this movie. Define and match from the point of view of Shaknar. The main question raised is whether there is a difference between a game as a game and a game, both official and unofficial? And are such cases found in two specific films? The method used in this comparative study was from the American school, and the method of this research was practical, library collection, internet databases, and observation of works. The method of analysis was a combination of a fragmentary approach and selective sampling. In the two films, we can find similar and sometimes different examples of games with the same rules, both in terms of the time definition and the type of game, some of these games have a happy ending and some have an unexpected ending.

The research aims to identify the identity of youth between reality and social media.
The methodological framework of the study depended on descriptive analysis and comparative method, The researcher used the two methods of sample survey (by the stratified random method), and (case study) by the intentional method, The questionnaire and semi-structured interview tools to collect data, and he pulled (200) single, (20) cases from Fourth and fifth year students in the Faculties of Education and Pharmacy.
The study ended with a set of results: the difference in the formation of their identities (university youth) between reality and social media, and The contribution of the Internet with its various sites to reshaping and building their identities and expressing them, especially my websites (Facebook and YouTube), and The contribution of (social groups) in strengthening their interactive and imaginary identities, And The role of their non-verification of their identities in reality to their building a false identity through its various means of expressing the desired identities.
The most important research proposals and recommendations: The social, cultural, educational, religious and media institutions that carry out the process of forming and consolidating identity the role assigned to them, so that they can solve the problem of the contribution of social media in reshaping the identities of young people, especially the university, and creating interactive, multiple, false and subjective identities for them, and the overlap between (identity real and virtual).

Информационната революция и създаването на глобалното виртуално пространство поставят основите на нов начин на формиране на човешката култура. Променят се формите, способите и обемът на генерирането и съхранението на културно съдържание. Най-значима обаче е промяната на достъпността, която стига дотам, че не само ползването на голямата част от продуктите на културата, но и участието на отделния човек в създаването на културата става ежедневие. В тази среда човешката психика се среща с нови предизвикателства. Тя е принудена да акомодира нови начини на обработка на информацията, нови способи за общуване и нови начини за себепредставяне, да борави с вписани контексти с различни, включително противоположни очаквания, за които има малко информация, да привикне към нов начин на организация в работната среда. Тези промени вече носят белезите на нови функционални възможности на психичното, като авторите на студията очакват те да се проявят в по-завършени и разпознаваеми форми в новите поколения, които са започнали живота си и са формирали основните си характеристики едновременно в реалния и виртуалния свят. Разбирането на характерните особености на психичното функциониране във виртуалния свят, на взаимодействията между реалния и виртуалния свят и на дейността за тяхното интегриране в цялостния човешки опит в новата интегрална среда предполагат значителни теоретични усилия и масирани нови изследвания. Затова авторите на настоящия труд смятат, че е назряла необходимостта от създаване на нов клон на психологията-психология на човека във виртуалния свят.

The information revolution and the creation of the global virtual space laid the foundations of a new type of human culture. Changes occur in the forms, means and volume of the cultural content generation and conservation. The most notable change concerns the information accessibility ranging from instant access of all on-line content to the opportunity for any single person with minimum equipment and Internet connection to join the culture creation and consumption on daily basis. In this environment the human psyche meets new challenges causing it to accommodate new ways of information processing, new forms of communication and selfpresentation, to navigate in collapsed contexts marked with high uncertainty, to adapt to a new virtual work organization. We expect them to become more salient in the future generations that are born and formed in both the real and the virtual world. In view of the profound changes in a number of fundamental ways of the human psychological functioning i...

This article is a conceptual recovery of two terms that are key in the research work titled: "Relación entre de la identidad construida por los estudiantes de la Escuela de Artes en las redes sociales y en los espacios académicos de la Institución Universitaria Salazar y Herrera". Those terms are university identity and virtual identity. Regarding the first one, some considerations about the expectations, interests and aspirations of students concerning their formation programs and the way these factors interact with the organizational philosophies of higher education institutions, are mentioned. About the second concept, explicative models regarding the construction of the self-identity in the cyberspace are remarked, assumed as a consensual space and a place in which subjectivity is expressed. Besides, the implications of individual identity when someone is a part of a virtual community are exposed. In those communities the others are not only agents of a communicative process, but elements that contribute to the redefinition of being.

Virtual worlds such as Second Life (SL) are online computer-based world-like spaces, where users assume virtual selves or avatars to interact with others, create objects, and engage in a variety of transactions. This paper examines SL residents’ avatars, activities, and the relation between residents’ offline characteristics and online avatars and activities. The authors examined whether there was a relationship between residents’ identity style and online beliefs and activities, specifically those related to self-presentation and identity exploration via avatars and relationship formation as they are related to one’s sense of self. An online survey of 378 SL residents was conducted, who ranged in age from 18 to 69 years. Respondents were asked to complete an SL survey (containing questions about their avatars, use, and activities within SL) and the Identity style inventory sixth grade reading level (ISI-6G). Results suggested that SL avatars were mostly human, and were of the same ...

Resumen El análisis del mercado del sexo y de las prácticas sexuales en internet nos permite reflexionar sobre las transformaciones experimentadas en el ámbito de la sexualidad. Para aproximarnos a esta realidad proponemos un análisis de las web y apps, que adquieren hoy un plano central en las interacciones sexuales, resignificando el mundo offline y con ello la propia significación de la corporalidad y de las prácticas sexuales.

Biometrics is the measurement and statistical analysis of people's physical and behavioural characteristics. Using biometrics to verify identity means using a physical characteristic such as face, voice or fingerprints to authenticate an individual's claimed identity. Fingerprint matching is by far the most successful biometric technology because its ease of use, non-intrusiveness and reliability. Here we introduce a novel system for protecting fingerprint privacy by combining two different fingerprints into new identity. Firstly we extract the minutiae position from one fingerprint, the orientation from other fingerprint and reference point from both fingerprints. The coding strategy is applied and a combined minutiae template is generated and stored in database. In the authentication process, the system needs two query fingerprints from the same fingers which are used in enrollment. A two-stage fingerprint matching process is proposed for matching the two query fingerprints against a combined minutiae template.

Introducción y objetivos. Esta investigación analiza el grado de interactividad de las páginas webs turísticas oficiales de los principales destinos de sol y playa españoles, dada su importancia en la consecución de una comunicación bidireccional. Del mismo modo se evalúan aspectos relativos a los medios sociales y a la web social, igualmente necesarios para lograr esa comunicación bidireccional a partir de la cual establecer relaciones con sus públicos. Metodología. En ambos casos se recurre a un análisis de contenido y funcional de una serie de indicadores que proporciona información descriptiva de su estado y una puntuación que permite un análisis comparativo. Resultados y conclusiones. Los resultados muestran importantes deficiencias en el ámbito de la interactividad, pero una notable evolución en lo que respecta a los medios sociales y herramientas de la web social. Del mismo modo señalan una serie de buenas prácticas en orden a favorecer los aspectos relacionales de los sitios webs turísticos oficiales, herramientas imprescindibles en las estrategias de marketing y comunicación turística.

Within a cyberpragmatic framework rooted in cognitive pragmatics (Yus 2011), context is basically information that is brought to bear in turning the schematic coded input (e.g. spoken, written or typed words) into interpretations. Although it is undeniable that contextual information may stem from different sources, eventually what is at stake in contextualisation is to mentally assess and select the appropriate quality and quantity of information that allows us to reach meaningful interpretations. Regarding the specificity of social media and internet communication overall, several challenges for pragmatic analysis arise, some of which will be addressed in this chapter. Specifically, what interests most in an analysis of context online are: (a) the role of the interfaces in favouring/limiting the contextualisation of utterances; (b) the role of the physical-virtual interface in today's internetmediated communication; and specially (c) the differentiation of the user's personal, interactive and social contexts managed in everyday virtual communication.

As the popularity of virtual worlds continues to grow, millions of individuals around the world are engaging in virtual lives through avatars in virtual worlds like Second Life, Gaia Online and Zwinktopia. These individuals' avatars engage in a broad range of activities from socializing to consumer behaviors, in many cases with real, rather than virtual, currency. These avatars, as virtual representations of self, clearly exist. What remain unclear are the motivations underlying consumers' desires to create avatars, and the choices they make in constructing their avatars and choosing the behaviors in which their avatars engage. Here we propose three factors as useful in furthering our understanding of these behaviors: possible selves, openness to experience, and social comparison theory. Better understanding of what motivates consumers' avatar construction will help marketers frame their advertising, promotions, and product offerings to better appeal to consumers who participate in virtual worlds. Specifically, we propose factors like openness to experience and social comparisons which may be used to identify market segments that are most likely to respond to marketers' advertising and promotional programs to buy goods and services for their avatars, or to buy experiences, such as social or recreational activities for their avatars. In this conceptual paper, we describe the factors and create a series of propositions. We conclude with a discussion of the potential future research directions and the managerial implications of this research.

As the popularity of virtual worlds continues to grow, millions of individuals around the world are engaging in virtual lives through avatars in virtual worlds like Second Life, Gaia Online and Zwinktopia. These individuals’ avatars engage in a broad range of activities from socializing to consumer behaviors, in many cases with real, rather than virtual, currency. These avatars, as virtual representations of self, clearly exist. What remain unclear are the motivations underlying consumers’ desires to create avatars, and the choices they make in constructing their avatars and choosing the behaviors in which their avatars engage. Here we propose three factors as useful in furthering our understanding of these behaviors: possible selves, openness to experience, and social comparison theory. Better understanding of what motivates consumers’ avatar construction will help marketers frame their advertising, promotions, and product offerings to better appeal to consumers who participate in ...

There is considerable excitement about the notion of 'Web 2.0', particularly among Internet businesspeople. In contrast, there is an almost complete lack of formal literature on the topic. It is important that movements with such energy and potential be subjected to critical attention, and that industry and social commentators have the opportunity to draw on the eCommerce research literature in formulating their views. This paper assesses the available information about Web 2.0, with a view to stimulating further work that applies existing theories, proposes new ones, observes and measures phenomena, and tests the theories. The primary interpretation of the concept derives from marketers, but the complementary technical and communitarian perspectives are also considered. A common theme derived from the analysis is that of 'syndication' of content, advertising, storage, effort and identity.

Эта статья состоит из двух частей. В первой, критической части рассматриваются теории виртуальной идентичности, которые превратились за последние годы в своего рода догму, овладевшую умами большинства исследователей взаимодействия в интернете. Основной тезис этих теорий сводится к следующему. Пользователи интернета обладают возможностью создать в Сети «виртуальную личность», выдав себя за обладателя атрибутов, на которые они не имеют шансов успешно претендовать в «реальной» жизни – скажем, представителей другого пола, возраста или социального статуса. Эта возможность обычно рассматривается как основная сила, влекущая индивидов к интернет-коммуникациям. Теории виртуальной идентичности предполагают, что сама по себе эта возможность есть нечто радикально новое, и что ее использование могло бы изменить как самих пользователей, так и – постепенно – весь «реальный» социальный порядок, держащийся на распределении этих атрибутов. Многочисленные факты, свидетельствующие о том, что подобных социальных следствий приобщение к интернет-коммуникациям не имеет, не получают из уст теоретиков виртуальности никакого объяснения. Во второй части делается попытка на одном частном примере показать, что специфике взаимодействия в Сети можно дать и другую интерпретацию, не нуждающуюся в изобретении новых типов мотиваций для объяснения привлекательности сетевого
общения. Для этого возможности интернета по созданию
«виртуальной идентичности» рассматриваются в более широком
контексте взаимодействий, в которых создаются идентичности их
участников, пионером исследования которых был Эрвин Гоффман.

Эта статья состоит из двух частей. В первой, критической части рассматриваются теории виртуальной идентичности, которые превратились за последние годы в своего рода догму, овладевшую умами большинства исследователей взаимодействия в интернете. Основной тезис этих теорий сводится к следующему. Пользователи интернета обладают возможностью создать в Сети «виртуальную личность», выдав себя за обладателя атрибутов, на которые они не имеют шансов успешно претендовать в «реальной» жизни – скажем, представителей другого пола, возраста или социального статуса. Эта возможность обычно рассматривается как основная сила, влекущая индивидов к интернет-коммуникациям. Теории виртуальной идентичности предполагают, что сама по себе эта возможность есть нечто радикально новое, и что ее использование могло бы изменить как самих пользователей, так и – постепенно – весь «реальный» социальный порядок, держащийся на распределении этих атрибутов. Многочисленные факты, свидетельствующие о том, что подобных социальных следствий приобщение к интернет-коммуникациям не имеет, не получают из уст теоретиков виртуальности никакого объяснения. Во второй части делается попытка на одном частном примере
показать, что специфике взаимодействия в Сети можно дать и
другую интерпретацию, не нуждающуюся в изобретении новых типов мотиваций для объяснения привлекательности сетевого
общения. Для этого возможности интернета по созданию
«виртуальной идентичности» рассматриваются в более широком
контексте взаимодействий, в которых создаются идентичности их
участников, пионером исследования которых был Эрвин Гоффман.

Communication et sémiotique se partagent l’aire du primat du sens, mais se disjoignent sur l’arrière-fond méthodologique et épistémologique. Activité symbolique à fonctionnement multimodal, la communication s’attache à cerner le sens pragmatique en invoquant ― grosso modo ― les paramètres socio-psychologiques de la transmission de l’information. La communication sémiotique ― ou sémiotique tout court ; nous rompons une lance pour le greimassisme ―, quant à elle, s’appesantit sur ce qui est, pour les sciences humaines, un postulat : la signification.  Entendue comme une ontologie du sens, la sémiotique greimassienne conçoit le Parcours Génératif du discours et le met en pratique. De par une démarche rigoriste et en vertu du principe structural de l’immanence, elle décrit les conditions de l’engendrement des effets de sens dans une perspective générative et transformationnelle. Nonobstant, la genèse du greimassisme fut, depuis ses balbutiements originaires, estampillée d’une seconde ex...

This research attempts to present a picture of the structure and design of virtual social networking sites such as Facenama, Cloob, Facebook, and Google+. The aim of this research is to study what are the differences between Iranian and non-Iranian social networks structures mainly used by Iranian users and representation of social life in these sites. Content analysis method has been used in the present research. Elements such as real images, personal photos, high attractiveness, image plus text, warm and cool colors, lots of comments (more than ten comments), and minimal use of symbolic signs have been used more than other types. Moreover, it was identified that there is no significant difference between the type of selected structures by users in Iranian and non-Iranian social network websites. Moreover the results show that in the information society there is no basic differences in the image provided by the social networks of social life .The results of the research could be use to reach a pattern of use of these websites for creating and developing personal social networking.

The fingerprints in the human being are unique and do not repeat. It has features that vary from person to person. There are two popular techniques for making matches between the two fingerprints to recognize them: Minute-based and correlating-based techniques. MinuteBased technology is widely used but has some difficulty in extracting features if the fingerprint images are of low quality. The purpose of this project is to examine how features of fingerprint can be derived. In addition, the two main techniques for matching (Minute-based and correlating-based) will be studied. Keywords— Fingerprint, Feature Extraction, Minute based, correlating based, Fingerprint Matching.

Interactive art, as one of the media of the new art, leads to an audience's experience that is different from what has been experienced in the history of art. The interactive art media emerged from the new paradigm (postmodernism) in the world of art and gave new definitions to the same paradigm. Since the creation of a theoretical and philosophical framework for the complete reading of this art seems necessary; the present article aims to understand and explain the concept of experience in this art by analyzing the theory of the Aesthetic experience of John Dewey's and adapting it to interactive art. John Dewey (1952-1859) is a contemporary American philosopher who called his philosophy pragmatism.