Systematic ichthyology

In preparation for the revised new edition of the 1997 book “The Fishes of the Galapagos Islands” by Jack
Stein Grove and Robert J. Lavenberg, to be published next year by the EPCA, the East Pacific Corridor Alliance
Foundation (www.epcafoundation.org), we have been reviewing literature and museum records and obtaining
additional underwater photographs and specimens. A recent expedition sponsored by the EPCA in May 2024
conducted widespread surveys, and, in particular, intensive underwater photography and collecting for tissues for
DNA sequencing (targeting cryptobenthic species, new records or species, and unresolved taxa). The fish species
list published by us in Grove et al. (2022) is thus here updated, with a number of changes, mostly species added
(usually deeper or mesopelagic species), but some species subtracted when we conclude evidence is lacking for
inclusion, applying strict scientific criteria (see below). The total number of species listed is up to 683 from 644,
the number of families is increased by 18 families to 178 (mostly added mesopelagic or deepwater families, a few
taxonomic adjustments, and three removed).
Our updated list of fishes known to occur on and around the Archipelago are listed in Table 1 (in taxonomic
order) and Table 2 (in family alphabetical order). We define the area as that encompassed by the Ecuadorean EEZ
limits around the Galapagos Archipelago (Fig. 1), which extend well beyond the boundaries of the Galapagos
Marine Reserve (Reserva Marina de Galápagos) and also include the new Reserva Marina Hermandad in the
waters between Galapagos and the border of the Costa Rican EEZ limits around Cocos Island. The area covered
includes the islands and adjoining shelf slope down to and including the abyssal region and the seamounts.
The present list includes 683 species of fishes, with 60 in Chondrichthyes (in 28 families) and 614 bony
fishes (in 151 families), plus 8 hagfishes (Myxiniformes) and one cephalochordate (note Grove et al. (2022)
Figure 1. The bathymetric map of the Galapagos Archipelago and environs in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, showing the
Ecuadorean Galapagos EEZ boundary ring. The orange diamond is the location of the larval collection from Victor (in press).
55
reported 56 chondrichthyans, but 61 (and 8 hagfishes) were in their list). Of the total, 77 are considered vagrants
(3 chondrichthyans), many of which are Indo-Pacific coral-reef species that are sporadic, or even single, records.
There are 67 documented endemic species (7 chondrichthyan species; 30 families of which 4 are chondrichthyans),
about half deeper-water, benthic-associated species and the remainder mostly reef species with relatively short
larval lives, such as blennioids, dactyloscopids, gobioids, and haemulids. For broad habitat categories, there are
260 shallow resident shorefishes (in 79 families) and 65 shallow shorefish vagrants (in 34 families, of which
7 are only vagrant: plus 12 non-shallow-shorefish vagrants); then 28 resident nearshore pelagics (Carangidae
and Coryphaenidae); 121 deepwater non-pelagics (46 families); 96 offshore pelagics (38 families); and 112 mesopelagic species (30 families).

Twenty-one species of reef-associated fishes were newly recorded from Ko Tao (Turtle Island) located in the Gulf of Thailand during a recent field survey. Among the 21 specie s,8 (Caranx ignobilis, Chaetodon lineolatus, Lethrinus harak, Lutjanus monostigma, Pentapodus vitta, Sphyraena jello, Dorhyrhamphus dactyliophoras and Arothron nigropunctatus) are new records for the Gulf of Thailand. To date 365 species of coral

Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. is described from the drainage of the rio Parnaíba in the states of Piauí and Maranhão (northeastern Brazil). It can be distinguished from all other described Geophagus species by the following combination of characters: caudal fi n with a pattern of parallel longitudinal bands, no infraorbital stripe or black preopercular mark, 30-31 scales in a lateral line and small size. Resumo. Geophagus parnaibae, espécie nova, é descrita da drenagem do rio Parnaíba (Estados de Piauí e Maranhão, região nordeste do Brasil). Geophagus parnaibae é distinta das demais espécies descritas do gênero Geophagus pela combinação de seguintes caracteres: pradrão de colorido da nadadeira caudal (presença de listras estreitas longitudinais), sem faixa infraorbital ou mancha preopercular, 30-31 escamas no linha lateral e tamanho pequeno. Resumen. Se describe una nueva especie de cíclido, Geophagus parnaibae, de la cuenca del río Parnaíba en los Estados Piauí y Maranhão (noroeste de Brasil). La nueva especie se distingue de todas las demás especies del género Geophagus por la siguiente combinación de caracteres diagnósticos: aleta caudal con bandas longitudinales, ausencia de franja infraorbital o marca preopercular, 30-31 escamas en una serie longitudinal y talla pequeña. Kurzfassung. Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. wird aus Zufl üssen des rio Parnaíba beschrieben, die in den beiden Bundesstaaten Piauí and Maranhão im nordöstlichen Brasilien liegen. Dieser Cichlide unterscheidet sich von allen anderen bisher beschriebenen Geophagus-Arten durch die Kombination folgender diagnostischer Merkmale: Schwanzfl osse mit deutlichem Muster von Längslinien, ohne Infraorbitalstreifen oder Präopercularfl eck, 30-31 Schuppen in der Längsreihe und die geringe Totallänge.

2 Warthestr. 53a, D-12051 Berlin Abstract. Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. is described from the drainage of the rio Parnaiba in the states of Piaui and Maranhao (northeastern Brazil). It can be distinguished from all other described Geophagus species by the following combination of characters: caudal fi n with a pattern of parallel longitudinal bands, no infraorbital stripe or black preopercular mark, 30-31 scales in a lateral line and small size. Resumo. Geophagus parnaibae, especie nova, e descrita da drenagem do rio Parnaiba (Estados de Piaui e Maranhao, regiao nordeste do Brasil). Geophagus parnaibae e distinta das demais especies descritas do genero Geophagus pela combinacao de seguintes caracteres: pradrao de colorido da nadadeira caudal (presenca de listras estreitas longitudinais), sem faixa infraorbital ou mancha preopercular, 30-31 escamas no linha lateral e tamanho pequeno.

India is well-known for its abundant and varied fish species, a result of its great variety of aquatic environments. The earliest reference to fishes in Indian writing is found in Vedas and Puranas. The taxonomic knowledge on the fishes of India started with the father of taxonomy, Linnaeus in 1758, whose works included many fishes from Indian waters, although others are mistakenly tagged as 'Habitat in India'. For this review, a total of 958 articles in the literature were used. The compilation of records and resulting analysis of the ichthyofauna of India yielded a total of 3,967 species of fishes belonging to 1,197 genera, 287 families, and 60 orders. Among the various states, Tamilnadu had the highest fish diversity with 1,919 species followed by the Andaman and Nicobar Islands with 1,544 species, and Kerala with 1,202 species. Of the 3,967 species, 2,173 species occur exclusively in marine

BackgroundThe hydro-geological history of Lake Tanganyika paints a complex image of several colonization and adaptive radiation events. The initial basin was formed around 9-12 million years ago (MYA) from the predecessor of the Malagarasi–Congo River and only 5-6 MYA, its sub-basins fused to produce the clear, deep waters of today. Next to the well-known radiations of cichlid fishes, the lake also harbours a modest clade of only two clupeid species, Stolothrissa tanganicae and Limnothrissa miodon. They are members of Pellonulini, a tribe of clupeid fishes that mostly occur in freshwater and that colonized West- and Central-Africa during a period of high sea levels during the Cenozoic. There is no consensus on the phylogenetic relationships between members of Pellonulini and the timing of the colonization of Lake Tanganyika by clupeids. ResultsWe use short-read next generation sequencing of 10X Chromium libraries to sequence and assemble the full mitochondrial genomes of S. tanganic...

Recent expeditions in Kenya and examination of existing collections confirmed the presence of two undescribed Chiloglanis species and revealed previously unknown diversity within the Athi River system. The two new species are easily distinguished from described congeners in the area by external morphology, allopatric distributions, and genetic markers. Chiloglanis kerioensis sp. nov., is restricted to the Kerio River system and is the only known suckermouth catfish from the Lake Turkana basin. Chiloglanis devosi sp. nov., is known only from the type locality, the Northern Ewaso Nyiro (Ng'iro) below Chanler's Falls. In addition to these two new species, this study confirmed the presence of an undescribed Chiloglanis sp. occurring sympatrically with Chiloglanis brevibarbis in the Tsavo River. A dichotomous key for identifying all described Chiloglanis species found within Kenya is presented along with comments.

African suckermouth catfishes (Mochokidae: Chiloglanis) occur in freshwater throughout tropical Africa. Specimens from all major drainages across Kenya were collected over three field seasons. Here we present a phylogeny inferred from both mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) and introns of the nuclear Growth Hormone gene (GH). The phylogeny inferred from introns is largely congruent with the results from an analysis of cyt b. The length and variability of GH introns make them ideal species level nuclear markers without the problem of introgression commonly encountered with mitochondrial genes. This analysis confirmed the presence of two previously known undescribed Chiloglanis species and also suggests the presence of previously unknown diversity within the Athi River system. The resulting phylogeny also indicates the presence of two separate lineages within C. brevibarbis. The historical biogeography of Chiloglanis within Kenya is discussed. The utility of GH intron for species level phylogenies of Siluriformes is compared to that in other groups.

Length-weight (LWR) and length-length (LLR) relationships were estimated for 11 Alburnoides species from 15 localities throughout Iran. These represent the first reports of LWR and LLRs data for 10 species, including: Alburnoides coadi (40 specimens),A. damghani(30), A. eichwaldii(110),A. holciki(30),A. idigensis(113),A. namaki (30),A. nicolausi(30), A. parhami(30),A. qanati(30)andA. tabarestanensis(30)andfirst LLRdataforA. samiii.NineofthesespeciesareendemicandtwoarenativetoIran. Alburnoides nicolausi to a maximum of 3.37for Alburnoides parhami, with regression coefficients(r 2 )rangingfrom0.91to0.99.AllLLRswerehighlysignificant(r 2 >0.96).

Biology is a complex subject. This fact, coupled with our human penchant for dichotomy, typically results in a parochial emphasis of our research interests and personal ken. Therefore, biologists often limit themselves to the study of plants or animals, prokaryotes or eukaryotes, invertebrates or vertebrates, cells or organisms, coldor warm-blooded vertebrates, cartilaginous or bony fishes, marine or terrestrial phenomena, ecological or physiological processes, etc. Nevertheless, moving outside one's preferred taxon or discipline invariably results in unique insights that may be gained only via such collaborations. Although these synergies are uncommon, we all are fortunate that some individuals have the ability to foster their production. Musick, who describes himself as being gifted with intellectual schizophrenia, is sufficiently polymathic to promote multidisciplinary considerations of common biological questions. His most recent contribution is this volume, the proceedings of ''The Symposium on the Ecology and Conservation of Long-Lived Marine Animals'' that he organized and chaired for the 1997 annual meeting of the American Fisheries Society in Monterey, California. This volume is unique in that it presents the thoughts and data of workers who study elasmobranchs, chondrosteans, teleosts, sea turtles, sea birds, pinnipeds, or cetaceans. Published reviews of the demographic characteristics and vulnerabilities of each of these groups are not uncommon, but this volume is a welcome contribution in that it is the simultaneous discussion of a wide range of marine taxa that all share long lifespans, slow growth, late maturity, and either low fecundity or sporadic recruitment. Musick was careful to assemble a well-balanced cadre of biologists who, for the most part, were careful to avoid overly narrow presentations; thus, most chapters of this book contain discussions that are taxonomically, geographically, or temporally diverse and mirror the scope and objective of the volume as a whole. This book, volume 23 of the AFS Symposium series, is comprised of 19 chapters written by 45 authors. Of the 19 chapters, 11 include a discussion of two or more species, nine present methods or theoretical approaches that could be applied to any taxon, three discuss an impressive range of taxa, and three are based on 50-100 years of collected data. In fact, of the eight chapters that present data for a single species only, four provide the only discussion of an important taxon (e.g., chondrosteans, pinnipeds, odontocetes, or mysticetes), and two use data from a single species to present methods that could be applied to any taxon; hence, nearly all chapters compliment the multidisciplinary scope of the volume itself. Chapter 1 (authored by Musick) provides the reader with a useful introduction to the problem of exploitation of long-lived animals. He succinctly summarizes the life-history parameters that unite these seemingly disparate taxa, result in their populations being particularly vulnerable to exploitation, and cause the recovery of their decimated populations to take decades. Next, he introduces the neophyte to two indices [the von Bertalanffy growth coefficient (k) and the intrinsic rate of increase (r)] that are useful in assessing the vulnerability of stocks to excessive exploitation. Finally, he makes a comprehensive plea to managers of long-lived marine animals to become more sensitive to the inherent vulnerability of these creatures. The remaining 18 chapters of the book do not appear to be arranged in any obvious order. Chapters 3, 4, 7, 14, and 16 are relatively provincial discussions of the plight of single species. Nevertheless, these five chapters taken as a unit compare and contrast the strategies of teleosts, chondrosteans, mysticetes, and pinnipeds. Chapters 6, 9, 10, 11, and 19 may seem to be of limited appeal because they contain data derived from one population of a single species yet should be of more general interest to the reader. This is because the thrust of these five chapters is to present a methodology that is useful for addressing the vulnerability of any longlived animal. A more synoptic approach is taken in chapters 2, 5, 12, 13, 17, 18, and 19. These chapters, in most cases, review the life histories of a wide range of species within one group, review the global status of an entire taxon, or take one approach to compare several disparate taxa. For example, Russell compares the life-history tactics of 63 species of seabirds (in 10 families) in chapter 5; Heist reviews all studies on

An unusual yellow-striped deepwater hemerocoetine fish trawled up from 70 m depth in the Lakshadweep Sea (Laccadive Sea) off Kerala, southern India is described here as the new species <em>Pteropsaron indicum</em>, based on two male specimens measuring 82 and 84 mm SL. The new species of signalfish is notable among the grouping of three genera sharing crowded dorsal-fin spines and a maxillary spine (<em>Acanthaphritis</em>, <em>Osopsaron</em>, and <em>Pteropsaron</em>) in having only three dorsal-fin spines, greatly extended dorsal-fin soft rays in addition to the greatly extended dorsal-fin spines, high counts of rays in the dorsal and anal fins (D- III,27 and A- 29), a high number of vertebrae (38), and a large body size. <em>Pteropsaron indicum</em> possesses the distinctive arrangement of the spinous-dorsal-fin-pterygiophore complex found in this subset of trichonotid fishes. In <em>P. indicum</em>, the comp...

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

The family-group names of animals (superfamily, family, subfamily, supertribe, tribe and subtribe) are regulated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Particularly, the family names are very important, because they are among the most widely used of all technical animal names. A uniform name and spelling are essential for the location of information. To facilitate this, a list of familygroup names for fossil fishes has been compiled. I use the concept 'Fishes' in the usual sense, i.e., starting with the Agnatha up to the †Osteolepidiformes. All the family-group names proposed for fossil fishes found to date are listed, together with their author(s) and year of publication. The main goal of the list is to contribute to the usage of the correct family-group names for fossil fishes with a uniform spelling and to list the author(s) and date of those names. No valid family-group name description could be located for the following family-group names currently in usage: †Brindabellaspidae, †Diabolepididae, †Dorsetichthyidae, †Erichalcidae, †Holodipteridae, †Kentuckiidae, †Lepidaspididae, †Loganelliidae and †Pituriaspididae.

This study was carried out to evaluate the water quality of a flood plain reservoir on River Ravi near Balloki Headworks to explore the possibilities for strengthening the prevailing conditions of aquaculture in Pakistan. Different statistical techniques such as One-Way ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the data. ANOVA showed that statistically significant difference was present in different variables measured among different months. Pearson correlation showed that Atmospheric temperature, Water temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, and Turbidity were positively correlated among themselves but negatively correlated with Dissolved oxygen, Visibility and Chlorides were positively correlated among themselves. Total hardness and total alkalinity showed either positive or negative relationships with respect to all the other parameters of water. Three different groups among months were formed on the basis of Cluster analysis. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the eigenvalues of the first 2 components accounts for 78.58% of the total variations.

Se presentan 1.812 referencias sobre taxonomía, sistemática y distribución geográfica de los peces óseos marinos y que siendo marinos penetran en estuarios de Chile. Se consideran peces de la costa de Chile en el continente sudamericano y también de las islas oceánicas chilenas.

This study describes Pseudolaguvia nubila, a new miniature sisorid catfish from the Kaladan River drainage in northeastern India. Pseudolaguvia nubila can be distinguished from congeners in having a combination of a mottled brown body with yellowish bands, a weakly projecting snout in which the premaxillary teeth are barely exposed when the mouth is closed,

Garra mini, new species, is described from the Shuvolong, Shailopropat and Chingthong waterfalls in the Karnafuli and Sangu River drainages. The largest specimens recorded is 46.8 mm SL and specimens over 40 mm SL have reached reproductive size. Alongside G. ethelwynnae (28 mm SL) and G. poecilura (44.5 mm SL), G. mini is one of the smallest species in the genus. Garra mini is diagnosed by morphological and meristic characters in combination, particularly the numerous small predorsal scales and the presence of a contrasted dark stripe along the middle of the side, and also by the DNA barcode sequence (cytochrome oxidase subunit I, COI) with three unique substitutions.

Molecular data from 35 of the 50 Acrossocheilinae species suggest that the species-level diversity in the subfamily has been overestimated, likely due to inadequate taxon and geographic sampling and reliance on morphological characters that vary intraspecifically. Three new genera, one resurrected genus, two resurrected species, and one new species are diagnosed and described herein. Nine synonyms of three valid species of Acrossocheilinae are recognized from the Yangtze, Xijiang, Song Hong, Annamite, and Mekong ecoregions in East and Southeast Asia. Thirty-two valid and six putative new species are indicated by molecular data and a key to the genera is provided. As more molecular and morphological data become available, additional taxonomic changes in this widespread and generally poorly known subfamily are likely.

Gramma dejongi is described as a new species of basslet from deep reefs off the town of Trinidad, along the southcentral coast of Cuba. The species is closely-related to the common and widespread Royal Gramma, G. loreto, but is distinguished by uniform yellow coloration on the head and body without stripes through the eye (vs. prominently bicolored with eye stripes) and smaller adult size. It is found on coral reefs at depths from 20-30 m, while G. loreto occurs on both shallow and deep reefs. G. dejongi is sympatric with both the Royal Gramma and the Blackcap Basslet, G. melacara, on the Cuban reefs, but has not yet been found at any other location in the Caribbean Sea. The barcode COI mtDNA sequence is the same as the Royal Gramma, indicating that the new species may represent a particularly interesting case of very recent speciation within the Caribbean, perhaps analogous to the species-flock of hamlets (Hypoplectrus spp.) and the species-pair of angelfishes Centropyge argi and C. aurantonotus, none of which have yet diverged from their sister-species in COI mtDNA sequences (phenotypic species). A local endemic sibling species found in the middle of the range of a widespread regional species raises important questions about sympatric speciation among reef fishes.

The osteology of the phallostethoid Ccratostethtis bicornis (Regan) is described and figured. Comparative observations on osteology of atherinoids, cyprinodontoids, and other phallostethoids are also given. Phallostethoids apparently originated from atherinids. The most closely related atherinids are Taeniomembrasinae. The osteological observations tend to support the idea that atherinoids and cyprinodontoids are related, as postulated ])y Rosen ( 1964 ) in proposing the order Atheriniformes. Atherinifomis exhil^it a widespread tendency to develop teeth with two and three cusps, especially on the pharyngeal bones. The trend is pronounced in cyprinodontoids, exocoetoids, and scomberesocids, practically absent in atherinoids, and completely absent in phallostethoids and belonids. The Phallostethoidea can be divided into two families, Phallostethidae and Neostethidae. Neostetliidae comprises two subfamilies, Neostethinae and Gulaphallinae. These groups are distinguishable on the basis ...

Amaralia hypsiura can modify its typically bunocephalid or aspredinid-catfish shape, hiding many of its features including all of its fins, so that it resembles a large bean or seed of the spermatophyte family Leguminosae or Fabaceae. This is accomplished mainly by adpressing both pectoral fins and folding the tail and caudal fin tightly around one side of the body and head. In so doing, Amaralia radically transforms itself from the bilaterally symmetrical form of a vertebrate animal into the radially symmetrical form of a seed. The fish then remains motionless until it unfolds itself. While mimicry of plant parts and camouflage to resemble plants or woody background is well known in fishes, mimicry of a seed apparently has not been reported previously. It possibly facilitates prey capture by Amaralia, which feed on the large yolky eggs of orally-brooding or otherwise parentally-guarding loricariid catfishes. It might also be involved in predator avoidance. Mimicry and camouflage in...

Rapids habitats at nine localities along the mainstream of the Zaire River between Kinshasa and Matadi were fished extensively with rotenone during low water, yielding over 7000 specimens belonging to 129 species. A total of 17 families are represented, the most speciose being Mormyridae ( 19 species), Cyprinidae ( 19), Cichlidae ( 17), and Mochokidae ( 16). Limnological and ecological observations are reported for History; Drs.

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN The publications of the bfuseum of Zoology, University of Michigan, consist of two series-the Occasional Papers and the Miscellaneous Publications. Both series were founded by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradshaw H. Swales, and Dr. W. W. Newcomb. The Occasional Papers, publication of which was begun in 1913, serve as a medium for original studies based principally upon the collections in the Museum. They are issued separately. When a suificient number of pages has been printed to make a volume, a title page, table of contents, and an indcx are supplied to libraries and individuals on the mailing list Lor the series. The Miscellaneous Publications, which include papers on field and museum techniques, monographic studics, and other contributions not within the scope of the Occasional Papers, are published separately. It is not intended that they be grouped into volumes. Each number has a title page and, when necessary, a table of contents.

Background
The iconic freshwater cichlid fishes (Cichlidae) comprise about 1750 validly named species and hundreds more that are known, but not yet described and named. Cichlids are an important source of protein for millions of people on several continents, are model organisms in studies of evolution, speciation, ecology, development, behaviour and physiology and are popular as aquarium fishes. Yet, comparative studies of cichlid internal anatomy are rare. Even their osteology has not been taxonomically surveyed. The cichlid postcranial skeleton has been especially neglected.

New information
Here, I provide the first survey in cichlids of the considerable variation in numbers of vertebrae, supraneurals and dorsal- and anal-fin supports (pterygiophores), as well as the patterns with which the pterygiophores insert between the neural or haemal spines. The study includes some 1700 specimens of nearly 400 cichlid species. Focusing on the largest subfamily, the African cichlids or Pseudocrenilabrinae, the survey furnishes data from species in all but one of its 166 genera. Limited data from species in the other cichlid subfamilies (Etroplinae, Ptychochrominae and Cichlinae) and from the related leaffishes, Polycentridae, are also presented. Key examples of pterygiophore insertion patterns from
throughout the range of variation are illustrated and discussed. Detailed analytical tables and all raw data are provided in supplementary files.

A bizarre specialisation in Cyprichromis is noted, evidently for the first time. Uniquely in this Lake Tanganyikan genus, five to seven anal pterygiophores are abdominal in position, located anterior to the first haemal spine and inserting toward or between successive pairs of pleural ribs.

Taxonomic changes: The most speciose tribe of African cichlids, currently known as Haplochromini, is correctly called Pseudocrenilabrini. Based chiefly on the molecular phylogenetic findings of other workers, I propose four pseudocrenilabrine subtribes, one occurring in rivers and three endemic to Lake Malawi. I also re-assign the Lake Tanganyikan tribe Tropheini as another subtribe of Pseudocrenilabrini, in line with numerous molecular studies placing tropheines firmly within this tribe. The remaining genera of Pseudocrenilabrini remain incertae sedis in this tribe pending clarification of their phylogenetic relationships.

The character complex here surveyed is a promising source of taxonomically and phylogenetically informative characteristics distinguishing or uniting cichlid taxa at multiple hierarchical levels, from species through subfamily. This reference set of novel character data can also provide information for palaeontological studies of African cichlids. These attributes are skeletal features potentially available for study in well
preserved fossils and may help determine their correct taxonomic placement.

Schistura maculosa, a new species of loach, is described from Tuingo and Pharsih Rivers, tributaries of Tuivai River (Barak drainage) in Mizoram, northeastern India. It is distinguished from other closely related Schistura species in having an axillary pelvic lobe; an incomplete lateral line; 20-30 narrow black bars on the body; 3-4 rows of black spots horizontally across the dorsal-fin; a slightly emarginate caudal-fin, with 5-7 rows of black spots more or less regularly arranged vertically on rays across the fin, and 8+8 branched caudal-fin rays.

Assam is endowed with dynamic rivers and lakes which in turn facilitates a rich diversity of fish species. The western Assam geographically blessed with such a river named Tipkai. Tipkai River is a Himalayan tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian state of Assam which raises in the Bhutan hills flows through the Kokrajhar (BTR) and through Dhubri district of Assam and joins the Brahmaputra River at Chatakurachar of Dhubri district. The present study deals with the extensive Ichthyological fields survey conducted over a period of oneyear from January 2021 to December 2022 based on the data collected from six locations of the river from the Mahamaya (Bagribari) to Chatakurachar. The survey revealed the occurrence of great range of diversity of fishes representing 106 species distributed under 10 orders and 31 families. Among the recorded fish species 4 species are Vulnerable (VU), 2 species are Near Threatened (NT), 3 species are Endangered (EN),86 species are least concern (LC) while 3 species are Not Evaluated (NE), 2 species are Data Deficient (DD) with 65 genus, 10 order and 30 families. The highest order Cypriniformes with 49 species, Siluriformes 27 species Perciformes 17 species. The site Khoraghat represents the lowest fish diversity among the six sites during the study period might be due to sand mining and other anthropogenic reasons which needs further analysis of water quality. Thus, this beautiful river, a small tributary from Bhutan serves the land cover and maintains its beautiful biodiversity and also the lifeline for mankind.

This paper deals with a description of a fish species encountered during monitoring Pseudolaguvia shawi. This species have been reported from north Bengal and Sikkim and not from the other states of the region. The present record thus is first report for Arunachal Pradesh. The paper provides a brief description on the earlier reports on the genus and also provides a brief description on the earlier reports on the genus and also provides a detailed description of the species.

Assam is endowed with dynamic rivers and lakes which in turn facilitates a rich diversity of fish species. The western Assam geographically blessed with such a river named Tipkai. Tipkai River is a Himalayan tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian state of Assam which raises in the Bhutan hills flows through the Kokrajhar (BTR) and through Dhubri district of Assam and joins the Brahmaputra River at Chatakurachar of Dhubri district. The present study deals with the extensive Ichthyological fields survey conducted over a period of oneyear from January 2021 to December 2022 based on the data collected from six locations of the river from the Mahamaya (Bagribari) to Chatakurachar. The survey revealed the occurrence of great range of diversity of fishes representing 106 species distributed under 10 orders and 31 families. Among the recorded fish species 4 species are Vulnerable (VU), 2 species are Near Threatened (NT), 3 species are Endangered (EN),86 species are least concern (...

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

Human activity has caused a deterioration in the health and population size of riverine species; thus, public policies have been implemented to mitigate the anthropogenic impacts of water use, watercourse transformation, and pollution. We studied the Maipo River Basin, one of the most polluted with untreated wastewater in Chile, for a period of 12 years (2007‐2019). Since the implementation of new public policies, including the operation of a wastewater collector (2012), the Maipo River Basin is currently much less polluted by untreated water than before. To analyze the impact of wastewater reduction in this river basin, we studied the native silverside (Basilichthys microlepidotus), which inhabits both polluted and unpolluted areas of the river basin. Previous studies reported the overexpression of the ornithine decarboxylase (odc) gene, heterozygote deficit, and high frequency of a homozygote odc genotype in silverside populations that inhabit wastewater‐polluted sites, suggesting...

Heteromormyrus Steindachner, 1866, a genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), has been monotypic since the description of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus (Steindacher, 1866) from a single specimen. No type locality other than “Angola” was given and almost no specimens have been subsequently identified to this species. In order to investigate the relationship of this taxon to fresh specimens collected in Angola and elsewhere, whole genome paired-end sequencing of DNA extracted from the holotype specimen of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus was performed and a nearly complete mitogenome assembled from the sequences obtained. Comparison of cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome b sequences from this mitogenome to sequences from recently collected material reveal that Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus is closely related to specimens identified as Hippopotamyrus ansorgii (Boulenger, 1905), Hippopotamyrus szaboi Kramer, van der Bank & Wink, 2004, Hippopotamyrus longilateralis Kramer & Swartz, ...

In South America, the order Atheriniformes includes the monophyletic genus Odontesthes with 20 species that inhabit freshwater, estuarine and coastal environments. Pejerrey Odontesthes argentinensis is widely distributed in coastal and estuarine areas of the Atlantic Ocean and is known to foray into estuaries of river systems, particularly in conditions of elevated salinity. However, to our knowledge, a landlocked self‐sustaining population has never been recorded. In this study, we examined the pejerrey population of Salada de Pedro Luro Lake (south‐east of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina) to clarify its taxonomic identity. An integrative taxonomic analysis based on traditional meristic, landmark‐based morphometrics and genetic techniques suggests that the Salada de Pedro Luro pejerrey population represents a novel case of physiological and morphological adaptation of a marine pejerrey species to a landlocked environment and emphasises the environmental plasticity of this group of...

Intense sampling in the upper Bermejo River basin revealed the presence of specimens of the aspredinid genus Bunocephalus. After detailed morphological and morphometric analyses specimens were identified as Bunocephalus doriae. This is the first record of any member of the Aspredinidae in the upper Bermejo River basin.

We report new distribution records of Redside Barb (Puntius bimaculatus), a species of freshwater fish, for the first time from the Nallamala Hill Ranges of Nagarkurnool and Nalgonda districts (Telangana state), and the Seshachalam Hills in Kadapa district (Andhra Pradesh). We provide a brief description of earlier reports and a detailed description of this species.

A new cyprinid fish, Garra waensis, is described from the Wa River, a tributary of the Nan River of the Chao Phraya River system in northern Thailand. The species is distinguishable from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: the absence of barbels; 7 branched dorsal fin rays; 31-37 lateral-line scales; 10-12 circumpeduncular scales; a small and broad head (head length [HL] 22.7-26.1% in standard length, head depth 56.1-64.9% HL, head width 74.0-85.0 % HL); a weakly developed proboscis in front of nostrils; the presence of reddish-orange spots (white or dull yellowish white in preserved specimens) on the side of the body; and a dark mid-lateral stripe running from the upper edge of the gill opening to the caudal peduncle and expanding into a large anteriorly-pointed triangular blotch at the end of the body (in preserved condition). A vomero-palatine organ of the species is also described in detail for the first time for Asian species of Garra. The genus Placocheilus is treated as a junior synonym of Garra.

Synodontis abditus, new species, is described from the Ivindo and the Ngounié rivers, respectively a right and a left bank affluent of the Ogooué River (Gabon) in the Lower Guinea (LG) ichthyofaunal province. The new species is readily distinguished from all its congeners from the LG ichthyofaunal province by: the lack of serrations on the anterior side of the dorsal spine; 63-76 mandibular teeth; and 16-28 serrations on the posterior side of the pectoral spine. This discovery illustrates the importance of submitting collections to thorough alpha-taxonomic research in order to screen them for harbouring hidden species richness. The type locality of S. abditus is the stretch of the Loa Loa Rapids on the Ivindo River, which border the Ivindo National Park. In contrast, the other sub-basin where the new species has been found, the Ngounié River, is currently not near to any Protected Area (PA). Nevertheless, the main anthropogenic threats for these sub-basins are deforestation, over-fishing and pollution from nearby towns and iron-ore mining activities. As such, the discovery of yet another Synodontis species, endemic to the LG ichthyofaunal province, further stresses the need and importance for the installation of a well-documented, and extended network of PAs for the effective protection of the Ogooué basin ichthyofauna in particular and its freshwater fauna at large.

El pez zoárcido Ophthalmolycus macrops ha sido conocido hasta el momento solamente por siete ejemplares en aguas chilenas, prácticamente todos capturados en la zona de la boca occidental del estrecho de Magallanes y una zona al norte de la misma y cercana a ella. Exploraciones recientes han conseguido cinco nuevos ejemplares en la zona norte de los fiordos chilenos y también, al sur del estrecho de Magallanes. Estos nuevos ejemplares han permitido conocer rasgos morfológicos adicionales a los previamente descritos y también ampliar los límites de distribución geográfica con dos nuevos registros, al norte y al sur, los que la señalan siempre como una especie endémica de los fiordos de Chile. La baja frecuencia de aparición de esta especie podría deberse a la escasa exploración ictiológica de la región. En todo caso, los escasos hallazgos la muestran como una especie rara.

Three new 'Aphyosemion' species are described from the upper Louessé River in the Massif du Chaillu, Republic of the Congo, based on a combination of DNA, habitat preference, male colour pattern, and morphological data. 'Aphyosemion' cyanoflavum, new species, is a member of the 'A'. ogoense group. It differs from its congeners by a unique colour pattern and cephalic sensory system which contains a wide supra-orbital groove with large, densely pigmented anterior neuromasts and dark frontal neuromasts housed in one pit with one central anterior lobe. 'Aphyosemion' mandoroense, new species, and 'A'. cryptum, new species, are members of the 'A'. coeleste group. 'Aphyosemion' cryptum, new species, is in appearance very similar to 'A'. coeleste, but lacks the typical post opercular metallic green blotch and is generally larger in body size. Initial DNA analyses demonstrate that 'A'. cryptum, new species, is more closely related to 'A'. mandoroense, new species, than to 'A'. coeleste, despite similarity in appearance. 'Aphyosemion' cryptum, new species, and 'A'. coeleste occur syntopic in several locations in a sub-catchment of the upper Louessé system, however differ in microhabitat preference. 'Aphyosemion' mandoroense, new species, differs by male body and fin colour pattern from all species of the 'A'. coeleste group except 'A'. citrineipinnis. From the latter, it can be distinguished by the absence of red pigmentation and a dark grey to black margin in the unpaired fins. Résumé Trois nouvelles espèces de 'Aphyosemion' sont décrites de la Louessé Supérieure dans le Massif du Chaillu en République du Congo, sur base d'une combinaison d'analyse d'ADN, préférence dans les habitats, couleur des mâles et données morphologiques. 'Aphyosemion' cyanoflavum, une espèce nouvelle, est un membre du groupe 'A'. ogoense. Il diffère de ses congénères par une palette de couleur unique et un ensemble sensoriel céphalique qui exhibe une large rainure supra-orbitale, des neuromasts antérieurs densément pigmentés et des neuromasts frontaux sombre logés dans un puit avec un lobe antérieur central. 'Aphyosemion' mandoroense, nouvelle espèce, et 'A'. cryptum, nouvelle espèce, sont des membres du groupe 'A'. coeleste. 'Aphyosemion' cryptum, nouvelle espèce, est en apparence très similaire à 'A'. coeleste, mais manque cependant la typique tache vert métallique post operculaire et il présente généralement une taille corporelle supérieure. Les analyses d'ADN initiales démontrent que 'A'. cryptum, nouvelle espèce, est plus proche de 'A'. mandoroense, nouvelle espèce, que de 'A'. coeleste, malgré des similarités en apparence. 'Aphyosemion' cryptum, nouvelle espèce, et 'A'. coeleste cohabitant de manière syntopique sur plusieurs localisations du sous basin de la Louessé supérieure mais diffèrent dans les préférences de micro habitats. 'Aphyosemion' mandoroense, nouvelle espèce, diffère de par la taille corporelle des mâles et par la palette et motif de coloration des nageoires des autres espèces du groupe 'A'. coeleste excepté pour 'A'. citri-VAN DER ZEE ET AL. 64 • Zootaxa 4369 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press neipinnis. Il est aussi possible de le distinguer de ce dernier par l'absence de pigmentation rouge et une marge gris foncée à noire sur les nageoires non paires.

Three new ‘Aphyosemion’ species are described from the upper Louessé River in the Massif du Chaillu, Republic of the Congo, based on a combination of DNA, habitat preference, male colour pattern, and morphological data. ‘Aphyosemion’ cyanoflavum, new species, is a member of the ‘A’. ogoense group. It differs from its congeners by a unique colour pattern and cephalic sensory system which contains a wide supra-orbital groove with large, densely pigmented anterior neuromasts and dark frontal neuromasts housed in one pit with one central anterior lobe. ‘Aphyosemion’ mandoroense, new species, and ‘A’. cryptum, new species, are members of the ‘A’. coeleste group. ‘Aphyosemion’ cryptum, new species, is in appearance very similar to ‘A’. coeleste, but lacks the typical post opercular metallic green blotch and is generally larger in body size. Initial DNA analyses demonstrate that ‘A’. cryptum, new species, is more closely related to ‘A’. mandoroense, new species, than to ‘A’. coeleste, desp...

Since its first record from the island in 1912, the barb Puntius amphibius Valenciennes has regularly featured in Sri Lanka's ichthyofaunal inventories. Recent work has shown, however, that the name P. amphibius should be reserved for a species originally collected from Bombay, India, and described by Achille Valenciennes in 1842, now known only from its lectotype. The Sri Lankan fish hitherto known by this name is an undescribed species. Puntius kamalika, new species, is distinguished from all Sri Lankan and peninsular-Indian congeners by having (in addition to a suite of mensural characters) ½4/1/2½ scales in transverse line between mid-dorsal scale row and pelvic-fin origin and lacking any prominent markings on fins and body in both living and preserved examples. The new species is widely distributed in the island's wet-zone lowlands (rainfall > 2,500 mm yr-1), where it occurs in streams, rivers and marshes between the Kelani-River basin draining to the island's west, and the Gin River basin to the south. It is locally common.