Freshwater fish taxonomy

Aos meus pais, Sônia e Antônio, e meus irmãos, Mariane, Laís, Helena e Hugo, pelo infinito carinho pelo apoio e disposição para me socorrer se necessário. Aos meus primos (Carol, Léo, Silvia, Bia e Dudu) e tios (Solange e Paulo) por terem me acolhido durante minha jornada longe de casa. Ao meu namorado, Thales, pelo imenso carinho, por me dar força e sempre acreditar em meu potencial.

Sisorid catfish of the genus Glyptothorax are widely distributed, with as many as 40 nominal species reported from India, where they typically inhabit fast-flowing hill streams and faster flowing stretches of larger rivers and streams. We recorded new biogeographical distribution of three species of Glyptothorax from the tributaries of northern plains in the Ganges basin. The specimens were collected during experimental fishing for biodiversity studies using cast nets (2010-2012). While G. conirostris were collected from the Ganges canal, G. cavia and G. telchitta were captured from the river Gomti. Previous descriptions were based on preserved specimens; we present diagnostic features and an illustrated redescription based on fresh specimens.

The occupation of "weaving fishing nets" - an element of the intangible cultural heritage of fisherman communities
Nikolay Nenov, Prof., PhD., Rousse Regional Museum of History
This text was provoked by two successful registrations in the national Living Human Treasures system in 2016 and 2022 of "weaving fishing nets", described as a "specific craft". Could there be a fishing net weaving craft, is there a guild with masters and apprentices? Our research shows that weaving fishing nets is not a craft, but a specific skill - part of the fishermen's cultural heritage, part of their knowledge, an element of cultural practices with which they put their accumulated experience into practice. Often in our interviews women - mothers or wives of fishermen - play a leading role in knitting. The weaving of fishing nets was carried out by people of diverse roles and functions in the past and today, and the presence of women indicates its functioning as a domestic occupation, an element of the domestic economy of premodern societies. The activity of
weaving nets is widespread, but does not produce a product for the market and is specific only to fishermen, as it is unconditionally tied to their work.
Undoubtedly, the nomination and confirmation of the element "Weaving fishing nets" are very important in the process of valorizing the intangible cultural heritage of the fishing communities along the Danube and the Black Sea. Defining the act of 'knitting' as a craft also has important implications for the status of fishing skills. And although the nominations contain incorrect terms and definitions, they contribute to the valorization of the intangible cultural heritage of fishing communities, which consists of their knowledge, skills and cultural practices related to fishing, the environment, places of memory, cultural landscapes, making appliances, knowledge of the natural environment – winds, currents, bottom, animal life, culinary practices.

Ichthyofaunal biodiversity has enormous economic and aesthetic value and is largely responsible for maintaining and supporting overall environmental health. The aim of the study was to explore the fish fauna of Dinara Pond in Shivpuri district Madhya Pradesh. The pond was constructed for irrigation purpose during ancient time. The present investigation on ichthyofauna is carried out on the Dinara Pond from April 2021 to March 2022. The fishes were collected with the help of local fishermen by using various active and passive gears. During the course of study total 26 species belonging to 14 families and 6 orders. This was the first ever systematic survey on the fish distribution of this pond. Cypriniformes were the most dominant group with recorded 10 species followed by Siluriformes with 5 species, Perciformes with 4 species, Osteoglossiformes, Beloniforme and Synbranchiformes each of with 1 species.

* licenciado en antropología por la universidad nacional de Rosario (unR). investigador del consejo nacional de investigaciones científicas y técnicas (conicet) por la Facultad de Humanidades y artes de la unR, entre Ríos 758 (2000eKF), Rosario, santa Fe,

 The population structure of Limia zonata (Nichols, 1915) was studied in four locations in the Maimón River, Monseñor Nouel province, Dominican Republic. The sex and adult-juveniles ratio was calculated for all sampled localities. It was found that the sex ratio of L. zonata was significantly different from 1: 1 and is biased towards females (1.0: 1.6). Juvenile fish were more abundant and frequent than adults (69.3%). More than 800 fish were measured and weighed to analyze the frequency of size classes, morphometry and body condition. Ten size classes were distinguished that vary in frequency according to sex. Total length of the specimens ranged from 6.50 to 65.69 mm, while weight varied between 0.004 and 3.941 g. The morphology varied between sexes and a pronounced sexual dimorphism was found. All the morphometric variables studied showed a high level of association (r). The adjustment of the regression models (r2) of the morphometric relationships was between 85% and 99%. The re...

Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. is described from the drainage of the rio Parnaíba in the states of Piauí and Maranhão (northeastern Brazil). It can be distinguished from all other described Geophagus species by the following combination of characters: caudal fi n with a pattern of parallel longitudinal bands, no infraorbital stripe or black preopercular mark, 30-31 scales in a lateral line and small size. Resumo. Geophagus parnaibae, espécie nova, é descrita da drenagem do rio Parnaíba (Estados de Piauí e Maranhão, região nordeste do Brasil). Geophagus parnaibae é distinta das demais espécies descritas do gênero Geophagus pela combinação de seguintes caracteres: pradrão de colorido da nadadeira caudal (presença de listras estreitas longitudinais), sem faixa infraorbital ou mancha preopercular, 30-31 escamas no linha lateral e tamanho pequeno. Resumen. Se describe una nueva especie de cíclido, Geophagus parnaibae, de la cuenca del río Parnaíba en los Estados Piauí y Maranhão (noroeste de Brasil). La nueva especie se distingue de todas las demás especies del género Geophagus por la siguiente combinación de caracteres diagnósticos: aleta caudal con bandas longitudinales, ausencia de franja infraorbital o marca preopercular, 30-31 escamas en una serie longitudinal y talla pequeña. Kurzfassung. Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. wird aus Zufl üssen des rio Parnaíba beschrieben, die in den beiden Bundesstaaten Piauí and Maranhão im nordöstlichen Brasilien liegen. Dieser Cichlide unterscheidet sich von allen anderen bisher beschriebenen Geophagus-Arten durch die Kombination folgender diagnostischer Merkmale: Schwanzfl osse mit deutlichem Muster von Längslinien, ohne Infraorbitalstreifen oder Präopercularfl eck, 30-31 Schuppen in der Längsreihe und die geringe Totallänge.

2 Warthestr. 53a, D-12051 Berlin Abstract. Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. is described from the drainage of the rio Parnaiba in the states of Piaui and Maranhao (northeastern Brazil). It can be distinguished from all other described Geophagus species by the following combination of characters: caudal fi n with a pattern of parallel longitudinal bands, no infraorbital stripe or black preopercular mark, 30-31 scales in a lateral line and small size. Resumo. Geophagus parnaibae, especie nova, e descrita da drenagem do rio Parnaiba (Estados de Piaui e Maranhao, regiao nordeste do Brasil). Geophagus parnaibae e distinta das demais especies descritas do genero Geophagus pela combinacao de seguintes caracteres: pradrao de colorido da nadadeira caudal (presenca de listras estreitas longitudinais), sem faixa infraorbital ou mancha preopercular, 30-31 escamas no linha lateral e tamanho pequeno.

Occurrence of the ocean sunfish Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Molidae) off the Magdalena  Department, Colombian Caribbean. Information about the ocean sunfish, Mola mola (Pisces Molidae), coming from an individual captured off Los Cocos, northeast Magdalena Department, is presented.

Barbs, a diverse group within the Cyprinidae family, are ecologically and economically signi!cant, showing high interand intraspeci!c plasticity. "is study assessed growth variation in !ve species-Puntius sophore, P. ticto, P. conchonius, P. amphibius, and P. dorsalis-from three stretches of the Kolab River (Duruguda, Kanheiput, Ghatguda) and Jagannath Sagar in Koraput, Eastern Ghats of Odisha. Specimens per species, collected between August 2019 and May 2020, were analyzed for 21 morphometric traits using Vernier calipers (0.1 mm precision). Total Length (TL) and Head Length (HL) served as independent variables. Most traits showed signi!cant variation with TL, and some with HL. High R# values indicated strong model !t, while regression coe$cients (b < 3) suggested negative allometric growth. Correlation analysis revealed mostly signi!cant positive relationships, with a few species-speci!c exceptions."e present study is !rst of its kind, on the growth dynamics of barbs from Koraput, which provides valuable insights into the growth of selected species and contributes to biodiversity conservation and e%ective !sheries management.

This study aims to identify large-scale environmental variables that explain the distribution of continental exotic fish across five bioclimatic regions in east Algeria (160,000km_2), North Africa. Fish communities were sampled at 39 sites from 2007 to 2010. Seven environmental variables were investigated: habitat type, altitude, latitude, longitude, bioclimatic region, minimum and maximum air temperatures and human pressure. The common carp ( Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) and the silver carp (Hypophtalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes, 1844) were the most widespread exotic species. Almost ali exotic fishes were distributed over desert and sub-humid bioclimatic scales. Reservoirs represent the type of habitat that houses the greatest exotic species richness. The distribution pattern of exotic fishes was mainly predetermined by the type of habitat. Alien ichtyofauna colonizes primarily man-made hydrosystems regardless of environmental variables or the degree of human pressure, making these habitats more vulnerable to invasion. Buvo jvertinta stambaus masto aplinkos veiksniq jtaka svetimkraSciq Zllvq riisiq paplitimui Siaurës Afrikoje, penkiuose bioklimatiniuose Rytq AlZyro regionuose (160,000 km 2 ). Zuvq bendrijq tyrimai buvo vykdomi 2007-2010 metais 39 tyrimo vietose, atsiZvelgiant i buveinës tipi!, aukStj virS jüros lygio, ilgUID!l ir platuiru!, bioklimatinj regionq, minimalill ir maksimalill oro temperatfull ir antropogeninio poveikio mas!ll, Isaiskinta, kad is svetimkra8ciq riiSiq labiausiai paplitusios yra paprastasis karpis (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) ir baltasis placiakaktis (Hypophtalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes, 1844). Beveik visos svetimkra8ciq Zllvq riisys yra paplitusios dykumos ir sausringo klimato regionuose, didZ:iausia svetimkrasciq riisiq jvairovë rasta dirbtiniuose vandens telkiniuose. Nustatyta, kad svetimq Zllvq riisiq paplitimui didZ:iausill itak!l turi buveinës tipas. Nepriklausomai nuo aplinkos kintamqjq ar Zn1ogaus poveikio masto, svetimos Zllvq riiSys pirmiausia jsitvirtina dirbtiniuose vandens telkiniuose; todël sios buveinës yra jautresnës svetimq riisiq invazijos poveikiui.

Bhutan in the eastern Himalaya contains some of the last pristine watersheds in the world, yet there has been limited monitoring of streams and rivers. Eighteen streams in three watersheds were surveyed for chemistry, bacteria, and macroinvertebrates in post-monsoon (2015) and monsoon (2016) seasons. Many water quality variables, including temperature, pH, specific conductivity, nitrite, nitrate, E. coli, and total coliform bacteria differed between seasons and between areas upstream and downstream of anthropogenic disturbance. In both seasons, total coliform bacteria and E. coli were significantly higher downstream of anthropogenic disturbance, with many urban sites having high coliform levels (>2000 cfu/100 ml) indicative of sewage inflow. A total of 50 insect families and six non-insect taxa were identified. During the post-monsoon, eight of 13 metrics (e.g., total richness, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) richness, % EPT, % non-insects, HKHbios, BMWP1983, ASPT1983, and ASPT2021) based on kick samples (qualitative) indicated impairment, while in the monsoon season composite Surbers (quantitative) had two metrics (e.g., total richness and Shannon) that differed between sites up and downstream of disturbance. DNA barcoding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) in 63 morphological species of mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly indicated 18 additional species, 17 mayflies and one stonefly. Forty-two barcode species were new additions to the Barcode of Life Data database. Results suggest macroinvertebrates are a viable method for evaluating human impacts on Bhutan streams. Bhutan faces future challenges of sanitation management, climate change, and shared river systems, and monitoring will need to be expanded. The monsoon season may be an ideal time to measure water chemistry and bacteria due to increased runoff, but macroinvertebrate sampling should occur in the post-monsoon season to obtain the best sampling conditions and larger individuals. Increasing the knowledge of species in the region, potentially with the help of DNA barcodes, will document the diversity of the region and help amplify the capacity for macroinvertebrates with future biomonitoring.

Brown trout of non-native lineages (e.g. Atlantic) have been stocked into Croatian streams and rivers primarily to meet angling demand, resulting in the presence of admixed populations at many locations. The clear, easily distinguishable morphological differences between the brown trout of the introduced Atlantic (AT) and indigenous Danubian (DA) lineages, as well as their hybrids (HY), were unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify classical morphometric and meristic traits that differentiate them. Brown trout were collected by electrofishing in ten streams from three mountain areas (Gorski Kotar, Mt. Žumberak and Mt. Papuk) during 2017 and 2018. Additionally, 10 specimens belonging to the AT lineage were obtained from a fish farm in continental Croatia. In total, 90 fish specimens were analysed: 17, 22 and 51 specimens of AT, DA and HY, respectively. The results revealed the most prominent differences in the head features of the AT compared to the DA lineage and their HY. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that eye diameter and postorbital length were significantly smaller, whereas interorbital width and head height were significantly larger in the AT lineage. These findings suggest the need for a detailed head morphometry analysis to identify distinctive morphological traits that differentiate brown trout lineages and detect their hybrids.

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Ascocotyle (Phagicola) longa is an etiological agent of human phagicolosis. Mugilids are the second intermediate host, the first being Heleobia australis, and mugilids predatory birds and mammals are its definitive hosts. The occurrence of cysts holding A. longa metacercariae is described in mugilids with a prevalence of up to 100%. The wide geographical distribution of A. longa and its intermediate hosts coupled with the rise in the consumption of raw or poorly cooked fish may elevate the risk of human infection. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to verify the distribution pattern of cysts holding A. longa in mugilids. The tissue and organ samples of these fish were processed in a domestic blender and examined under a stereoscopic microscope to identify the cysts holding the digenetic metacercariae. Of the 24 (100%) fish samples that were analyzed, 12 of Mugil curema and 12 of Mugil liza possessed cysts holding A. longa metacercariae. Digenetic cysts were identified to be present ...

Pakistan is the country with mega freshwater fish diversity of native and alien species. In the presence of enormous native fishes varies species of exotic fishes have been introduced into the freshwater bodies of Pakistan which are competing with native freshwater fish fauna and making them deprive of food and habitat as well. Intentional or accidental introductions of animals, plants and pathogens away from their native niche is considered as major leading problem for biodiversity of invaded habitat. Three years study (from January 2017 to December 2019) was conducted in freshwater bodies of Province Punjab, Pakistan. Study was designed to know exotic species impacts on the distribution of native species of fishes. During current survey a total of 68 (indigenous and exotic) fish species belonging to 14 families were recorded from head Qadirabad, head Baloki, Islam headworks and Rasul barrage. Statistical analysis showed that Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the highest (1.41) at...

Stocking of water bodies with non-native fish species for fisheries enhancement is a common practice worldwide. However, overall limited benefits in terms of revenues for local communities have so far been reported in some countries, whilst accidental introductions of several non-native fish species have occurred. To evaluate the benefits vs. costs associated with common carp Cyprinus carpio stocking practices, a three-year sampling study (2009)(2010)(2011) was carried out across twelve adjacent artificial reservoirs of the Kocaeli Peninsula (north-west Anatolia, Turkey). Apart from common carp, 18 fish species in total were recorded, of which 12 native and six non-native, the latter comprising more than half of the total catch and dominated by gibel carp Carassius gibelio. Even though the abundance of common carp, natives and non-natives increased over the study period, common carp was always comparatively less abundant relative to most of the other species. Overall, the present findings indicate that stocking of common carp into the studied reservoirs has not fully met with the proposed objectives, likely a result of less-than-optimal age-0 fish release strategies and limited availability of spawning grounds. On the other hand, invasion especially by gibel carp is thought to be under way and this may ultimately impact on the abundance of the native fish fauna.

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences of two specimens here recognized as Auchenoglanis occidentalis from Lake Turkana in the Ethiopian section were determined. A COI gene-based phylogenetic analysis was performed for these along with sequences of African catfish species from the family Clarotidae available in GenBank. Based on results of this analysis, it is concluded that (1) the currently identified A. occidentalis is a species complex that includes several distinct species; (2) the Niger River basin harbors two distinct species of Auchenoglanis, one of which occurs in Lake Turkana, as well as A. biscutatus; and (3) A. sacchii is likely a valid species, but it is not the endemic species of Lake Turkana. It is suggested here that species diversity of Auchenoglanis requires further study based on molecular and morphological evidence. 

A new characid fish is described herein from tributaries of the Rio Aricá-Mirim, Rio Cuiabá basin, Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Astyanax pirapuan better conforms to the A. scabripinnis species complex and it can be distinguished from other species of this complex by a combination of characters, including 8–9 gill rakers on the upper limb of first branchial arch, 0–1 tooth on the maxillary, 17 to 21 branched anal-fin rays, 35–37 perforated lateral line scales and two humeral spots.

Pampa and Manimala are two major rivers of Kerala. The present study was conducted to analyze the taxonomy of fishes occurring in Puthanar, a branch of the Pampa-Manimala River of Upper Kuttanad. Fishes were collected from four different sites of the river from 5 th December 2019 to 22 nd March 2020. Different gears such as gill net, cast net, hook and line, traditional bamboo traps were used for collecting samples. The fishes were examined for various metric meristic characters and the samples were preserved for the further studies. Total of 31 fish species were collected and identified during the investigation period. The analysis of result showed that the dominant orders of the study area were Cypriniformes followed by Siluriformes. Out of the 31 species identified, 10 species were endemic. Species belonging to vulnerable, near threatened and data deficient category were also present in the study area. This investigation shows that the Puthanar, a branch of Pampa-Manimala River of Upper Kuttanad is rich in fish diversity. Therefore, the Puthanar area of Pampa-Manimala River of Upper Kuttanad shall be treated as a river with conservation importance.

Les Claroteidae sont des poissons-chats (Siluriformes) caractérisés par la présence de deux à quatre paires de barbillons, d'épines pectorales bien développées, d'une nageoire adipeuse moyennement ou fortement développée et d'une nageoire anale moyennement développée. L'ouverture de la bouche est soutenue du côté supérieur par l'os prémaxillaire et par une partie de l'os maxillaire. Normalement les caractères suivants sont également présents (MO, 1991) : présence d'une plaque antéro-latérale sur l'os palatin, os pariéto-supraoccipital sans encoche antéro-médiane (pas de fontanelle postérieure), projections en forme de doigt sur les arcs branchiaux. La famille Claroteidae est reconnue par MO (1991) comme un groupe monophylétique à côté des Bagridae sur la base de données anatomiques. Il distingue deux sous-familles : les Auchenoglanidinae et les Claroteinae. Finalement, il considère le genre Leptoglanis comme appartenant à la famille Amphiliidae.

In this study, it is emphasized that the current situation and economical evaluation of the sand smelt, a species of Mediterranean origin, in Turkey. In recent years, sand smelt, has entered into many natural and artificial lakes in different parts of Turkey by fishing. Although, it is not consumed in the domestic market, it is exported and has become an important species both for the region's and Turkey's economy. Thus, fishing this species has substantially increased both in the natural and the artificial lakes. Due to over fishing of sand smelt and the lack of fish-ban application in the Turkish freshwaters, although there is a heavy fishing pressure on the species, the species continues to form high populations in the Turkish freshwaters. Thus, it is thought that this species will cause negative effects in terms of freshwater ecosystems and fishing. Therefore, this species should be removed from the Turkish lakes by heavy fishing. The caught fish can be utilized in different ways including fish flour, fish feed, marinade production and can contribute to the Turkish economy.

The aquatic ecosystems of the Lower Swat region, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, provide a habitat for diverse fish populations. However, the ichthyofaunal diversity of specific streams such as Manglawar, Hazara, and Barikot remains poorly studied. In the current study, conducted between December 2021 and June 2022, we aimed to comprehensively document the fish species inhabiting these streams. Our survey revealed the presence of 10 fish species belonging to three orders and four families. Our findings highlight the need to expand observations across different seasons to evaluate fish diversity dynamics and emphasize the significance of applying conservation measures. We suggest further research to explore the impact of environmental factors on fish communities and support molecular analysis to confirm species identity. The identified species serve as valuable standard data for current and future conservation initiatives in the region and emphasize the significance of continued research efforts in preserving biodiversity in the Lower Swat region's aquatic ecosystems. The current study helps to understand the population dynamics of the local fish fauna and highlights the importance of continued research and conservation initiatives.

In addition to biological assessment, 12 key physico-chemical parameters were analysed-including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, nitrate, phosphate, hardness, and alkalinity-to evaluate the water quality and its influence on fish diversity. Biodiversity indices were also calculated to quantify species diversity and distribution. The Species Richness was notable with 47 species, while the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index averaged 2.765, indicating high species diversity. Pielou's Evenness Index averaged 0.769, reflecting a high level of evenness in species distribution across sites. Lakshmipuram Lake is a biologically rich and ecologically important freshwater habitat, supporting a diverse and balanced fish community. The good water quality and high diversity indices emphasise the lake's potential as a sustainable aquatic ecosystem.

An unusual yellow-striped deepwater hemerocoetine fish trawled up from 70 m depth in the Lakshadweep Sea (Laccadive Sea) off Kerala, southern India is described here as the new species &lt;em&gt;Pteropsaron indicum&lt;/em&gt;, based on two male specimens measuring 82 and 84 mm SL. The new species of signalfish is notable among the grouping of three genera sharing crowded dorsal-fin spines and a maxillary spine (&lt;em&gt;Acanthaphritis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Osopsaron&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Pteropsaron&lt;/em&gt;) in having only three dorsal-fin spines, greatly extended dorsal-fin soft rays in addition to the greatly extended dorsal-fin spines, high counts of rays in the dorsal and anal fins (D- III,27 and A- 29), a high number of vertebrae (38), and a large body size. &lt;em&gt;Pteropsaron indicum&lt;/em&gt; possesses the distinctive arrangement of the spinous-dorsal-fin-pterygiophore complex found in this subset of trichonotid fishes. In &lt;em&gt;P. indicum&lt;/em&gt;, the comp...

This paper communicates the extension of the distribution range of Batasio merianiensis in Sille River in the upper Brahmaputra drainage, East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh. Detailed examinations of the specimens revealed existence of few morphological variations against those reported by Heok Hee Ng in 2009 on the following characteristics: by having a longer preanal (70.4-73.4 vs. 66.3-68.2% SL); a longer prepectoral (25.1-29.3 vs. 21.4-25.7% SL); a longer adipose-fin base (22.0-27.6 vs. 16.9-22.2% SL); a shorter post-adipose distance (11.6-13.4 vs.13.4-15.5% SL); a deeper body at anus (depth 18.3-20.8 vs.15.2-18.4% SL) and broader head (width 17.6-20.0 vs.13.5-16.2 % HL). Few additional characters of the fish are included along with brief information on its habitat. The LIPUM, the semitraditional method of fishing in the river is identified as a major threat to this species.

São quase vinte e cinco bacias e microbacias a desaguar na costa capixaba. As águas que entrecortam o território do Espírito Santo incluem: 1 - Bacias norte do Espírito Santo incluindo as bacias dos rios Itaúnas e São Mateus; 2- Bacias do rio Doce no Espírito Santo incluindo as bacias do Rio Doce e Suruaca; 3 - Bacias nordeste do Espírito Santo incluindo
as bacias dos rios Riacho e Piraquê Açu e as microbacias de Fundão e Aracruz; 4 - Bacias centrais norte do Espírito Santo, incluindo a bacia do Rio Reis Magos e as microbacias de Serra; 5 - Bacias centrais sul do Espírito, incluindo as bacias dos rios Santa Maria da Vitória e Jucu; 6 - Bacias sudeste do Espírito Santo incluindo as bacias dos rios Benevente e Novo e as microbacias de Vila Velha, Guarapari e Itapemirim; 7 - Bacias sul do Espírito Santo incluindo as bacias dos rios Itapemirim e Itabapoana e microbacias de Marataízes e Presidente Kennedy. As fisionomias da paisagem incluem desde as elevações mais altas no Bioma Mata Atlântica na serra do Caparaó ao sul até a formação dos tabuleiros costeiros do Grupo Barreiras, com relevo plano a suave ondulado ao norte. Floresta ombrófila densa, floresta mista, muçunungas, restingas, lagoas. Esperamos que você leitor possa conhecer um pouco mais das águas doces capixabas, que nos serviram de guia e nos cativaram ao longo
dos últimos quinze anos que por ali convivemos. Boa leitura!

Las colecciones científicas son un patrimonio de incalculable valor científico. La Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara resguarda más de 200.000 objetos de ciencias naturales y antropológicas, de los cuales más de 10.000 lotes corresponden a la colección Ictiológica, siendo una de las cuatro colecciones más importantes de peces de la Argentina. En este trabajo se presenta el catálogo de los tipos primarios -holotipos y paratipos- depositados en la colección ictiológica de la Fundación Azara. De cada especie se detallan todos los datos disponibles y se brindan fotografías y mapas de distribución espacial de los lotes que forman parte de esta colección. Actualmente, la colección conserva 12 holotipos y 416 paratipos de 21 especies pertenecientes a 2 órdenes y 5 familias. Estos taxones actualmente mantienen el estatus de especies válidas.

A comprehensive approach to determine the natural groundwater recharge in the Blagoevgrad valley Neogene sediments is presented. It involves the application of various methods such as the balance method, hydrodynamic modeling in GIS, the FeFlow numerical model, the Döll et al. empirical method. The obtained results show good similarity between different methods, including the long-term groundwater recharge for the study area calculated by rainfall infiltration. Therefore, the complex approach used gives an accurate estimate of the groundwater recharge in the Blagoevgrad valley associated with Neogene sediments. It can be successfully applied to determine the natural groundwater resources for other similar groundwater bodies. In this way, the groundwater resource assessments, management and conservation in Bulgaria can be significantly improved.

Water is essential for life and has numerous benefits, including providing aquatic and human life minerals. Lakes are the most significant freshwater resource, providing critical water for various uses such as drinking water, domestic use, and pisciculture infrastructure. However, eutrophication is a recognised water quality issue due to their limited self-purification ability and rapid contamination. The study aims to examine the variety of fish species and assess Gorewada Lake's water quality, focusing on its cleanliness and scenic beauty. In the study conducted in Gorewada Lake Nagpur, India, ten distinct fish species belonging to three different orders were found (Cypriniformes, Perciformes, Clupeiformes). Various physical and chemical parameters (pH, Dissolved oxygen, CO 2 and Chlordes) revealed that anthropogenic activities are the primary cause of the lake's aquatic variety, with neutral pH and safe drinking water.

The isolated Visean (Scotland) and Chesterian (USA) spines named Harpacanthus fimbriatus can now be attributed to the anterior tenaculae of an autodiastylic holocephalimorph chondrichthyan on the basis of specimens from the Upper Chesterian (Serpukhovian) of Montana, USA. The Montana specimens exhibit these organs as three pairs of rostrally located anterior tenaculae. An isolated braincase of the holocephalan Traquairius nudus with a long, antorbitally articulated median anterior tenaculum is also described. All previously know anterior tenaculae have been demonstrated to be male secondary sexual characters, and thus we conclude the same for the tenaculae of these species. The sporadic occurrences and possible developmental origins of anterior tenaculae among the Holocephalimorpha are discussed.

The isolated Visean (Scotland) and Chesterian (USA) spines named Harpacanthus fimbriatus can now be attributed to the anterior tenaculae of an autodiastylic holocephalimorph chondrichthyan on the basis of specimens from the Upper Chesterian (Serpukhovian) of Montana, USA. The Montana specimens exhibit these organs as three pairs of rostrally located anterior tenaculae. An isolated braincase of the holocephalan Traquairius nudus with a long, antorbitally articulated median anterior tenaculum is also described. All previously know anterior tenaculae have been demonstrated to be male secondary sexual characters, and thus we conclude the same for the tenaculae of these species. The sporadic occurrences and possible developmental origins of anterior tenaculae among the Holocephalimorpha are discussed.

espanolKen Loach es un realizador britanico de gran relevancia. Desde mediados de los 60 ha dirigido numerosas peliculas para cine y television. Y aunque sobre su modo de rodar se ha escrito mucho, hay muy poco sobre su el sentido de su musica de cine. Para conocer este aspecto es indispensable hablar de George Fenton, que desde 1994 es su compositor habitual. Esta investigacion surge del interes por descubrir que caracteristicas musicales aporta Fenton al cine de Loach. EnglishKen Loach is a high profile British film director. Since the mid 1960’s, he has made numerous films for cinema and television. There is already a lot written about his way of filming and yet very little is written about the music for his films. To be able to get inside the music of Ken Loach’s films, we must first talk about George Fenton as he has been Loach’s usual composer since 1994. The object of this article is to fill this gap: to discover what musical characteristics Fenton contributes to Loach’s cinema.

i "A minha querida esposa, Thuizy Andrade, pelo amor, dedicação e companheirismo." ii "Cada um deve fazer o que sabe fazer. O gato bebe leite, o rato come queijo, e eu... sou palhaço." Palhaço Puro Sangue (Paulo José). iii AGRADECIMENTOS A princípio agradeço a toda minha família pelo apoio e demasiada alegria com que me encorajam a seguir em frente. Sou grato aos meus pais Domingos e Raimunda, irmãos Rodrigo e Fabrício, esposa Thuizy, sogros Wilson e Beni, cunhados Wilson Jr e Rosana, e ao primo Evonnildo. Sou grato principalmente a minha esposa, a quem dedico esse trabalho, pelo excepcional esmero a mim dispensado. Aos meus orientadores Tommaso e Michel pela extrema paciência. Ao Tommaso pela orientação prestativa de todos estes anos, pelas portas que abriu e pela confiança. Ao Michel pela co-orientação mais que presente e atenta. Sou grato pelos ensinamentos a mim transmitidos. Sou grato aos doutores Leandro Melo de Sousa (Gabiru), Jonathan Stuart Ready (Jon) e André Luiz Netto Ferreira, pela disponibilidade em participar como membros avaliadores desta dissertação de mestrado, pois mesmo com as suas ocupações e as longas distâncias se prestaram a avaliar este estudo. Aos professores Jaime Jr, Luiza Nakayama, Ana Cristina (UFPA), Antônio Sérgio (MPEG), Maria Gercília (UFAM), Luiza Prestes (UEAP), Cecile Gama (IEPA), Jansen Zuanon, Geraldo Mendes dos Santos (INPA), Fabio Di Dario (UFRJ), Mark Sabaj Pérez (ANSP) e Flávio Lima (ZUEC). Aos amigos Guilherme Dutra, Luiz Peixoto, Marina Mendonça (MPEG), André Galuch (INPA), Fabrício Barros (UFAM), Ricardo Britske e Bruno Melo (UNESP). A todos pelas proveitosas conversas, comentários e críticas sobre este estudo. Pelo auxílio durante as visitas às coleções ictiológicas, sou grato, a Lúcia

Roadkill is widely recognized as one of the primary negative effects of roads on many wildlife species and also has socioeconomic impacts when they result in accidents. A comprehensive dataset of roadkill locations is essential to evaluate the factors contributing to roadkill risk and to enhance our comprehension of its impact on wildlife populations and socioeconomic dimensions. We undertook a compilation of roadkill records, encompassing both published and unpublished data gathered from road surveys or opportunistic sources. GLOBAL ROADKILL DATA includes 208,570 roadkill records of terrestrial vertebrates from 54 countries across six continents, encompassing data collected between 1971 and 2024. This dataset serves to minimise the collection of redundant data and acts as a valuable resource for local and macro scale analysis regarding rates of roadkill, road-and landscape-related features associated with risk of roadkill, vulnerability of species to road traffic, and populations at risk of local extinction. The objective of this dataset is to promote scientific progress in infrastructure ecology and terrestrial vertebrate conservation while limiting the socioeconomic costs.

Se realizó una revisión de las especies de tiburones y rayas registradas para aguas marinas y continentales de Colombia, encontrando un total de 176 especies (88 de cada grupo). De éstas, 63 especies de tiburones y 58 de rayas han sido confirmadas a través de fotografías, videos y colecciones, y las restantes han sido registradas solamente en referencias bibliográficas. Este inventario se encuentra representado en 69 géneros (36 de tiburones y 33 de rayas) y en 34 familias (20 y 14, respectivamente). Se destacan cuatro especies nuevas y 20 registros nuevos para aguas colombianas en los últimos 25 años. Especímenes de seis especies están depositados en museos internacionales pero no poseen referencia bibliográfica de soporte. Se incluye el número de catálogo del material colombiano depositado en colecciones de referencia nacional e internacional y de colecciones de imágenes, así como el número de referencias bibliográficas colombianas existentes sobre las especies encontradas. Finalmente, se hacen comentarios taxonómicos y/o sistemáticos de algunos taxas del grupo.

This paper collects bibliographic information about the Goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni (Chondrichthyes: Mitsukurinidae), an uncommon shark from deeper waters. One specimen of this species was captured near Nenguange bay and it is recorded for rst time in the Colombian Caribbbean.

The presence of Remorina albescens for the Colombian Caribbean is conrmed, based on a specimen of 165.91 mm of standard length collected in Nenguanje bay at the Tayrona National Natural Park. A taxonomic key for the remoras known from Colombian seas is also included.

Se analizaron algunos aspectos biológicos de los tiburones boca zapato Rhizoprionodon lalandii y R. porosus, tales como madurez y segregación sexual, índices biológicos (gonadosomático, hepatosomático y factor de condición) y contenidos estomacales. Entre los meses de septiembre y diciembre de 2007 se realizó un seguimiento de las capturas de estos tiburones a partir de los desembarcos de la pesca artesanal realizada en Isla Fuerte. Se registraron 49 individuos de R. porosus, de los cuales 55 % se clasificó como inmaduros o juveniles, y 39 de R. lalandii, de los cuales 59 % se consideró como individuos inmaduros; se observó una proporción de sexos (machos:hembras) de 9:1 en R. porosus y 1:9 en R. lalandii, dando indicios de una segregación sexual. Asimismo, se determinó una correlación entre el índice gonadosomático y el factor de condición (r= 0.93, p= 0.002, n= 7) para las hembras de R. lalandii estadio 4. Por otra parte, de acuerdo con el índice de importancia relativa, los peces óseos y los camarones son las presas principales dentro del espectro trófico de R. porosus y R.lalandii, respectivamente.

The occurrence of the longfi mako Isurus paucus is reported in the Colombian Caribbean for the fist time. Three specimens were captured, one was caught by artisanal fihermen in Concha bay and the two others were captured in the open sea by an industrial fihing boat. This is the fist evidence of the occurrence of this species in shallow and offshore waters of the Colombian Caribbean.

ÍNDICE 1. Introdução 2. Amostragem 2.1 Época de amostragem 2.2 Material e equipamento 2.3. Selecção dos locais de amostragem 2.4. Comprimento do troço a amostrar 2.5 Procedimento de amostragem 2.6 Procedimentos após amostragem 3. Processamento laboratorial 3.1 Material e equipamento 3.2 Métodos 4. Apresentação de dados 4.1 Informação relativa a capturas 4.2 Informação de fontes complementares 5. Controlo de qualidade 6. Referências bibliográficas 7. Glossário Anexo I -Ficha de campo Anexo II -Equipamento de laboratório Anexo III -Lista de espécies referenciadas para o país segundo ICN (2005) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Protocolo de amostragem e análise para a fauna piscícola -1 -

Diversity of ichthyofauna of Feni and Muhuri rivers was studied from April, 2015 to March 2016. The selected rivers were surveyed to cover the wet season (April 2015-September 2015) and the dry season (October 2015-March 2016). A total of 65 freshwater fish species belonging to 11 orders, 29 families were recorded from the two rivers. Of the 65 species, 12 species were threatened, and one species was identified as data deficient according to IUCN Bangladesh. Perciformes was recorded as most dominating order (19 species, among the 54 species recorded) in Feni river, whereas the Cypriniformes was recorded as the dominating order (17 species among the 42 species recorded from this river) in Muhuri river. Corica soborna was the most common species with the highest number of individuals in comparison to other fish species recorded from two rivers in both wet and dry seasons. Calculating the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson's indices of diversity and species evenness, highest number of species and individuals were found in the wet season while minimum in the dry season from both the rivers.

Clear overlap between Sarotherodon galilaeus samples from Kosti and Sinnar and distinct separation of Al Sabaloga samples in meristic counts was detected by Discriminant analysis. This reflected impact of habitats on growth which is typical riverine in Kosti and Sinnar and a cataract in Al Sabaloga. The mode of dorsal fin spines, anal fin rays and pectoral fin rays was similar in the three sites. Slight variability in the mean of other traits was related to variation in the counts between locations. The total length (TL) of S. galilaeus ranged from 16.50 to 19.50cm; 12.8 to 20.0cm and 14-16.5cm in Kosti, Sinnar and Al Sabaloga, respectively. While the body weight (BW)varied between 110 and 142g; 51 and140g and 40-51g; in Kosti, Sinnar and Al Sabaloga, respectively. Comparison between the mean value of 21 traits showed that in Kosti samples the means of BW, body depth (BD), TL, standard length (SL), pre-anal distance, dorsal fin base and pre-dorsal distance were significantly (p<0.05) than the corresponding readings from Sinnar samples. The rest of the traits showed no significant differences between the two locations. From Kosti and Sinnar S. galilaeus showed significant correlation (p<0.05) between BW: TL; SL: TL and BD. The correlation matrices of S. galilaeus from Kosti showed a very high correlation between TL and SL (r-0.960) and a very weak correlation between PRF and IOW (r =-1.4E-16). Sinnar samples showed a very high correlation between BW: TL and BW: SL (r-0.840) and a very weak correlation between pre-pelvic distance and inter orbital width (r = 9.18E-05). The TL vs BW regression showed a positive allometric growth as b>3.0 in Kosti as well as in Sinnar.

A list of the freshwater fishes from around Kosti, White Nile Sudan is presented based on intermittent collection from 2002 to 2019. It included 64 species, falling into 37 genera and 20 families. Alestediae, Clariidae, Mochokidae, Mormyridae and Characidae, were represented by 10, 7, 6, 6 and 5 species, respectively. Almost 40 fish species were found throughout the study period. The habitat and the biota of the study area were briefly outlined. Species records from the study area were compared and its richness in species was discussed. The study concluded that there is a need to update locality records through long-term systematic surveys using traditional gears, dip nets and electro-fishing methods in the Nile and its tributaries.

Macro-invertebrates form an integral part of aquatic systems, and assessment of macro-invertebrate communities is one of the best ways to monitor the health of a stream.  Despite this, stream monitoring of macro-invertebrates has been extremely limited in Bhutan.  A study was conducted to generate baseline information on macro-invertebrate diversity in the Phobjikha valley, covering community composition and seasonal variation in diversity during post and pre-monsoon seasons.  From a total of 244 units sampled in streams, 50 families from 13 orders were recorded.  The dominant order overall was Ephemeroptera (31%), which also dominated the pre-monsoon assessment (33%), while Trichoptera (39%) dominated the post-monsoon assessment.  The pre-monsoon assessment recorded two additional orders, Caenogastropoda and Veneroida. There was no significant difference in diversity between the post-monsoon and pre-monsoon assessments (p˃0.3), but a significant difference in species diversity betw...