Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Chaos Magic, a postmodern occult tradition centred on the instrumental use of belief and ritual, has long claimed to offer spiritual empowerment free from moral or metaphysical constraints. While often portrayed as a harmlessly eccentric path of magical experimentation, credible allegations have emerged suggesting that elements within this subculture are involved in secretive, cultic, and criminal behavior. Notably, Ray Sherwin, co-founder of Chaos Magic, has publicly accused Peter J. Carroll of deliberately concealing such conduct within the Illuminates of Thanateros (IOT). This essay explores how individuals high in Dark Triad traits-narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy-are drawn to Chaos Magic not only for symbolic self-enhancement but also for the real-world opportunities it provides for manipulation, control, and abuse under the cover of esoteric relativism. By situating Chaos Magic in its historical and philosophical context, acknowledging its reported benefits, and examining its structural vulnerabilities, this paper argues that the movement's ideological foundations make it uniquely attractive to exploitative personalities.

Haiti's profound and systemic challenges ranging from pervasive poverty and political instability to rampant gang violence are inextricably linked by a single, corrosive force: entrenched corruption. For decades, international and domestic efforts to foster economic development and strengthen democratic institutions have failed to take hold, primarily because they have been built upon a foundation of sand. This paper argues that for a functional state to emerge and for a free market system to thrive, Haiti's leaders must first demonstrate a ruthless and unwavering political will to crack down on corruption. This is not merely a policy objective; it is the indispensable first domino in a chain reaction that will establish an impartial judiciary, ensure public order, and finally create the secure and predictable environment necessary for economic prosperity. Without a genuine war on corruption, every other effort from infrastructure projects to aid programs is destined to fail.














Keywords: Haiti, corruption, rule of law, judiciary, public order, economic development, state failure, political will, transparency, institutional reform.

IDENTIFICATION OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF EDUCATORS'
WARTIME COLLABORATIONISM USING THE EXAMPLE
OF INDIVIDUAL COURT CASES
Relevance. The identification of social-psychological factors influencing wartime collaborationism (cooperation with the enemy) of educators in temporarily occupied territories – individuals responsible for
the education and upbringing of future generations of Ukrainian citizens – constitutes a crucial dimension of comprehensive research into the phenomenon of collaboration in order to prevent and counteract such activities.
Objective: to identify the presence of social-psychological factors contributing to educators' wartime collaborationism in temporarily occupied territories through an analysis of verdicts in relevant criminal cases.
Methodology. A comparative case study analysis was employed, drawing on social-psychological research concerning conformity, obedience, group centrism, and familism. This approach facilitated a detailed contextual review and comparison of testimonies given by convicts and witnesses in five verdicts issued by first-instance and appellate courts across different regions of Ukraine. The cases examined concerned educators accused of war-time collaborationism under Article 111-1, Part 3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
Results. The study identified the presence of social-psychological factors influencing wartime collaborationism of educators in temporarily occupied territories, specifically conformity, obedience, familism, and group centrism. The pedagogical collective, as a formal and positively referential group with distinct intra-group interaction dynamics shaped by both historical traditions and contemporary realities, exhibits a high degree of authoritarianism and conformity in interpersonal interactions. The group's norms and the stance of its leader significantly impact educators' actions, especially in wartime and occupation contexts – ranging from near-total cooperation with occupiers to decisive resistance against the implementation of the aggressor state's educational standards and its propaganda. The study lays the groundwork for further exploration of this issue.
Keywords: wartime collaborationism; conformism; obedience; familism; group centrism.

Research on the forgiveness of self has largely focused on less severe, more common types of offenses among samples within developed westernized nations. In this brief report of a study within a developing nation in Africa, applications of self-forgiveness are extended to incarcerated people. The sample comprised N = 310 males (83.87%) and females (16.13%) who were incarcerated in a medium-security Ghanaian prison ( Mage = 39.35, SDage = 13.28). Participants completed measures of self-forgiveness, shame-proneness, and guilt-proneness. Prison records were examined for criminal history details. We hypothesized that self-forgiveness would correlate negatively with shame-proneness and positively with guilt-proneness. We tentatively hypothesized that this association would be moderated by offense type. Self-forgiveness correlated with both shame- and guilt-proneness in the hypothesized direction. However, neither association was moderated by type of offense. The findings offer further ev...

This study aimed at identifying the factors of cyberbullying among the basic stage students in the City of Al-Ain from the perspective of their parents. The study used the descriptive analytical approach in order to achieve the study objectives. The study sample consisted of 129 parents of the basic stage students who were chosen in the random way of sampling. The researcher used the electronic questionnaire as a tool for collecting data from the sample individuals, which consisted of two parts; the first part included the demographic data, and the second part consisted of 17 questions about the subject matter. The results revealed that the main reasons leading to cyberbullying are: lack of parental control; the negative impact of media on children; the low level of commitment to manners and values in our society; the prevalence of violence; and the cyberbullying, where the bully could be a victim of another bully. The results also emphasised that cyberbullying could be the reason for many psychological problems, such as depression, stress and anxiety as well as social problems, such as alienation and lack of social relationships, and in addition to academic problems, such as low academic achievement among students. Based on the results, the authors recommend: to enhance the role of the family and school in instilling good manners in our children; to insert different activities in the school curriculum to distract their attention from the bad content of the social communication methods; to invest the children's free time in developing their talent, practicing sports and different activities; and to keep them as far as possible from the virtual world.

The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the perplexity of “Tabula rasa” on structural changes in Haiti. Tabula rasa thus implies that individual human beings are born “blank” (with no built-in mental content) and that their identity is defined entirely by their experiences and sensory perceptions of the outside world. In general terms, the contention that we start life literally “from scratch” can be said to imply a one-sided emphasis on empiricism over idealism. This study uses the theory of Lockean and the model of Leontief’s model of 1968. This study revealed that tabula rasa has been used with an emotional view for years in Haiti with no success. We maintain in this paper that the change of the system of Territorial Planning (Tabula Rasa technique), long-awaited by the Haitian population, requires new mechanisms of financing of public actions. The logic of budget allocation in relation to established priorities requires clearly defined budgetary principles to promote...

This is a short story about a young entrepreneur named “ti-Calypso of Gonaïves” who developed and provided the footprint & roadmap for the economic development of the Republic of Haiti. It is commonly known that rarely does success come without setbacks, failures, or moments of doubt. Therefore, life in the Republic of Haiti like any other country is full of challenges. So not giving up means always ready to confront and work through obstacles instead of being defeated by them. After more than 200 years of independence, Haitians must master learning from Failures, where each setback is not an endpoint, but a learning opportunity like the young entrepreneur, “ti-Calypso of Gonaïves”. This young-entrepreneur's accomplishments in this short story is to show that Not Giving-up means not abandoning long-term goals for short-term reliefs; therefore, with perseverance, people must keep their eyes on the prize with the understanding of significant rewards that require sustained effort over time. To succeed in life, one must build resilience and mental toughness like the young “ti-Calypso of Gonaïves”. That means facing challenges and not quitting by becoming stronger and better equipped to handle both present and future difficulties. This story is to clearly show that despite all odds against young “ti-Calypso of Gonaïves”, he never gives up on his difficult achievable mission to help his people to achieve essential greatness.

This article explores the crucial role of body language in the victim selection process by violent predators, challenging the misconception that such attacks are random or purely opportunistic. Drawing upon psychological studies, criminological research, and over thirty years of experience in threat assessment and violence prevention, the author demonstrates how subtle non-verbal cues, such as gait, posture, facial expression, and vocal tone, can influence a predator’s perception of vulnerability. The piece highlights how predators make strategic decisions based on efficiency and control, often avoiding those who project confidence and awareness. By decoding the hidden language of non-verbal communication, individuals can consciously alter their projected demeanour to reduce perceived vulnerability. Practical strategies for becoming a “hard target” are presented, along with real-life scenarios illustrating how small behavioral shifts can deter aggression. This article serves as both an educational resource and a call to action, emphasising that situational awareness and intentional body language can empower individuals and enhance personal safety.

Η παρούσα μελέτη αποτελεί παρουσίαση της έρευνας, που πραγματοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο της διδακτορικής διατριβής «Η σύνθεση της ατομικής (ψυχολογικής) και περιβαλλοντικής προσέγγισης στο πέρασμα στην εγκληματική πράξη: η περίπτωση των εγκλημάτων βίας». Η έρευνα επιχειρεί την παράλληλη διερεύνηση των ψυχολογικών και κοινωνιοχωρικών παραγόντων που δρουν κατά το πέρασμα στην εγκληματική πράξη, υπό το πρίσμα μιας δυναμικής θεώρησης, με σκοπό τη δημιουργία ενός πλαισίου που να συνθέτει τις δύο προσεγγίσεις. Στη βάση αυτή εφαρμόζεται μια ποιοτική μεθοδολογία, ενώ ως παράδειγμα μελέτης χρησιμοποιούνται τα εγκλήματα βίας κατά των προσώπων και ειδικότερα οι περιπτώσεις της ανθρωποκτονίας εκ προθέσεως, της ληστείας και του βιασμού. Ως ερευνητικό υλικό επιλέχθηκαν γραπτά τεκμήρια που αφορούσαν σε τριάντα «Πρακτικά και Αποφάσεις» του Μικτού Ορκωτού Εφετείου Αθηνών, τα οποία αντλήθηκαν κατόπιν έγκρισης σχετικού αιτήματος που υποβλήθηκε στο αρμόδιο Εφετείο για τη διεξαγωγή έρευνας. Η ανάλυση του ερευνητικού υλικού πραγματοποιήθηκε σε έξι στάδια σύμφωνα με τη μεθοδολογία της θεματικής ανάλυσης. Από τη διαδικασία της θεματικής ανάλυσης και τον θεωρητικό σχολιασμό των πορισμάτων προέκυψε ένα σχήμα που εμπεριέχει μια ποικιλία ψυχολογικών, πολιτισμικών, περιβαλλοντικών καθώς και συγκυριακών παραγόντων, που προσεγγίζονται μέσα από τις προτάσεις θεωριών, οι οποίες αναπτύσσονται στο πλαίσιο διαφορετικών γνωστικών αντικειμένων και επιπέδων εξήγησης.

Ultimately, who we are when no one is watching is deeply who we are without doubt. Therefore, alone time is an opportunity for self-reflection, self-finding and a clear chance to connect with our true essence. As humans, we all have a personal "self" or an inner world like humans do. Therefore, we experience emotions, have beliefs, or engage in introspection. So, the question of "who are We when no one is watching" does apply to all humans in the same way even though we don’t emotionally accept it similarly.

patología. Se tomó una muestra de 60 menores infractores de entre 10 y 16 años, 30 con TDC, y 30 sin TDC para el grupo control, y se les aplicaron las pruebas Lectura de las miradas y Paso en falso. Se hallan diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos, mostrando el grupo de casos un menor desempeño. Estos hallazgos sugieren la estructuración de una teoría de la mente con características particulares en el trastorno disocial de conducta, lo cual muestra que esta alteración interfiere en el desarrollo del comportamiento empático. Palabras claves: Trastorno disocial de la conducta, teoría de la mente, jóvenes infractores, empatía.

As the police force performs important functions in society, men and women alike are attracted to enter this job. However, it can be noted that there is a preponderance of male over female in the police service which is true in the Philippines. With this scenario, female police officers may have experienced difficulties in performing their duties and responsibilities. The study surveyed the profile, motivation to enter the police service, work motivation, gender related problems and its perceived effect to the job performance of policewomen from five municipalities in Western Batangas, Philippines. It used descriptive research method with questionnaire as datagathering instrument back -up with interviews. There were only 14 female police officers mostly young, married, bachelor's degree holder, had been in the service for 1-5 years and were PO1. They were motivated to enter and remain in the police service because of the police uniform, service to country men, and implementation of law and justice. Genderrelated problems they experienced were perceived to be affecting their performance to the least extent as they received very satisfactory job performance rating. Conclusions reached were that female police officers were motivated to enter and remain in the service for different reasons and most did not feel discriminated.

Research on the forgiveness of self has largely focused on less severe, more common types of offenses among samples within developed westernized nations. In this brief report of a study within a developing nation in Africa, applications of self-forgiveness are extended to incarcerated people. The sample comprised N = 310 males (83.87%) and females (16.13%) who were incarcerated in a medium-security Ghanaian prison ( Mage = 39.35, SDage = 13.28). Participants completed measures of self-forgiveness, shame-proneness, and guilt-proneness. Prison records were examined for criminal history details. We hypothesized that self-forgiveness would correlate negatively with shame-proneness and positively with guilt-proneness. We tentatively hypothesized that this association would be moderated by offense type. Self-forgiveness correlated with both shame- and guilt-proneness in the hypothesized direction. However, neither association was moderated by type of offense. The findings offer further ev...

Research on the forgiveness of self has largely focused on less severe, more common types of offenses among samples within developed westernized nations. In this brief report of a study within a developing nation in Africa, applications of self-forgiveness are extended to incarcerated people. The sample comprised N = 310 males (83.87%) and females (16.13%) who were incarcerated in a medium-security Ghanaian prison ( Mage = 39.35, SDage = 13.28). Participants completed measures of self-forgiveness, shame-proneness, and guilt-proneness. Prison records were examined for criminal history details. We hypothesized that self-forgiveness would correlate negatively with shame-proneness and positively with guilt-proneness. We tentatively hypothesized that this association would be moderated by offense type. Self-forgiveness correlated with both shame- and guilt-proneness in the hypothesized direction. However, neither association was moderated by type of offense. The findings offer further ev...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk pencurian yang dilakukan oleh siswa; mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan organisasi manajemen kelas dan manajemen perilaku; mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan penataan organisasional lingkungan sekolah dan kurikulum pencegahan kenakalan, dan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan program rekreasi sekolah dan pelatihan vokasional sebagai upaya penanganan perilaku mencuri berbasis sekolah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian adalah di SLB E Prayuwana. Subjek penelitian adalah dua guru dan kepala sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengisian kuisioner dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk skala adalah penghitungan persentase dan untuk wawancara adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya penanganan perilaku mencuri berbasis sekolah pada siswa menghasilkan persentase yang menunjukkan bahwa guru telah melakukan penanganan yang tergolong maksimal. Bentuk perilaku mencuri yang dilakukan oleh siswa adalah Occasional Property Criminal Behavior. Berdasarkan temuan, sebagian besar aspek penanganan menurut teori telah dilaksanakan, tetapi masih terdapat beberapa poin yang belum diselenggarakan oleh sekolah.

La teoría de la mente es la capacidad de inferir, predecir y atribuir estados mentales a otras personas. Este constructo ha sido estudiado desde numerosas patologías, como el autismo, la esquizofrenia y el síndrome de Down. Estudios recientes han mostrado que las alteraciones de la teoría de la mente pueden ser observadas en los diferentes cuadros clínicos derivados de alteraciones del lóbulo frontal, como la personalidad antisocial. Algunos autores plantean que un aspecto esencial de la teoría de la mente es la empatía. Sin embargo, este constructo no ha sido estudiado en población normal colombiana con conductas violentas y delictivas que han estado vinculadas al conflicto armado. Este artículo tiene como propósito describir algunas características de la ToM en sujetos que estuvieron vinculados al conflicto armado en Antioquia con manifestaciones sintomáticas relacionadas con comportamientos violentos y delictivos.

La teoría de la mente es la capacidad de inferir, predecir y atribuir estados mentales a otras personas. Este constructo ha sido estudiado desde numerosas patologías, como el autismo, la esquizofrenia y el síndrome de Down. Estudios recientes han mostrado que las alteraciones de la teoría de la mente pueden ser observadas en los diferentes cuadros clínicos derivados de alteraciones del lóbulo frontal, como la personalidad antisocial. Algunos autores plantean que un aspecto esencial de la teoría de la mente es la empatía. Sin embargo, este constructo no ha sido estudiado en población normal colombiana con conductas violentas y delictivas que han estado vinculadas al conflicto armado. Este artículo tiene como propósito describir algunas características de la ToM en sujetos que estuvieron vinculados al conflicto armado en Antioquia con manifestaciones sintomáticas relacionadas con comportamientos violentos y delictivos.

Chandrakant Jha (born 1967) is an Indian serial killer who befriended, then killed and dismembered 18 victims in West Delhi between 1998 and 2007. His first killing took place in 1998 for which he was arrested and held in jail until 2002, when he was released due to lack of evidence. Following his release, he embarked upon a spate of killings. This paper will delve into details of his crimes and criminal profiling methods that Indian Police used to solve the case.

The article deals with the theoretical questions of the individual mechanism of criminal behavior within the frame of the interdisciplinary approach in philosophy, psychology, sociology and criminology. These questions are considered through the prism of addiction defining the perception and evaluation of specific life situations as a problem (conflict) and actualizing the harm as a way of overcoming it. In the context of addiction the postulate of crime is substantiated as a result of interference of personality characteristics on the one hand and the impact of specific situations on the other hand.

The role of the morality in the mechanism of individual criminal behavior The article deals with the theoretical questions of the individual mechanism of criminal behavior within the frame of the interdisciplinary approach in philosophy, ethics, sociology and criminology. These questions are considered through the prism of morality that holds the individual from harm in a problem situation. In the context of morality the postulate of preclusive function of morality, is formed the individual immunity from harm by criminal means as a result of understanding and a sense of the value of the common good. This article is a logical continuation of the publication-Tazin I.I. The role of the addiction in the mechanism of individual criminal behavior. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2014. №5 (146). pp. 134-140. (in Russian).

Crime is known to be the result of interaction between internal psychological processes, on one hand, and external objective-related factors, on the other hand. At the same time, criminologists and forensic psychologists have not yet conducted in-depth research into the psychological mechanism of communication between the individual and the situation at the time of the crime. The present study takes an interdisciplinary approach, drawing from philosophy, psychology, sociology and criminology, to examine criminal behavior through the prism of a phenomenon known as psychological dependence, which determines the perception and assessment of a specific life situation as a problem (conflict) and actualizes harm-doing as a means to overcome it. In the context of psychological dependence, the basic premise is that a crime is committed because of the manifestation of specific personality traits and the influence of a specific life situation.

en Argentina existe un crecimiento sostenido de delitos y problemas asociados a la agresividad. Además, se observa un aumento en la cantidad de mujeres que fueron víctimas de violencia durante el último año. A pesar de esta problemática, no se cuenta con instrumentos psicométricos debidamente adaptados a la población de adultos. Para validar el Cuestionario de Agresividad (AQ) se contó con la participación de 799 adultos (65,8% eran mujeres). Estudios previos proponen estructuras factoriales que varían entre los dos y cuatro factores, por lo que se comparó el ajuste de los diferentes modelos. El modelo de tres factores (hostilidad, violencia verbal y violencia física) presentó un mejor ajuste. Los niveles de consistencia interna resultaron óptimos (valores α comprendidos entre .88 y .79). Asimismo, se obtuvieron evidencias favorables de validez al correlacionar las puntuaciones del AQ con medidas de Intolerancia a la Frustración.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas del "Cuestionario de agresividad" (Aggression Questionnaire, AQ), en las versiones de 29, 20 y 12 ítems, en una muestra de 898 estudiantes chilenos de 14 a 17 años. El análisis factorial confirmatorio identificó que la versión de 12 ítems fue la que mostró un ajuste más adecuado al modelo de cuatro factores propuesto por los autores de la escala. Los índices de consistencia interna de los cuatro factores fueron aceptables, oscilando entre 0,67-0,78. La validez de la escala fue analizada mediante correlaciones con el "Inventario de expresión de ira estado-rasgo en niños y adolescentes" (State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory for Children and Adolescents, STAXI-NA). Los resultados revelaron correlaciones positivas y estadísticamente significativas entre las puntuaciones del AQ de 12 ítems y las dimensiones de rasgo y estado del STAXI-NA, oscilando entre 0,20 (Hostilidad-Ira/estado) y 0,57 (Puntuación total AQ-Ira/rasgo). Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo ponen de manifiesto que la versión abreviada del AQ presenta adecuadas pruebas de fiabilidad y validez para evaluar conductas agresivas en adolescentes chilenos.

In Indonesia, almost everyone has a gadget or more specifically, a smart cellular phone that is connected to the internet network very easily. Cyberbullying is a way of bullying that involves sophisticated digital technology, which almost always uses the internet as a tool. Cyberbullying is characterized by aggressive behavior carried out by a person or several people using electronic media services including the internet, which is carried out continuously, where the target victim is someone who is considered weak or unable to fight back. The forms of cyberbullying are usually in the form of ridicule, insults, threats or intimidation. The perpetrators of cyberbullying have the motivation to take these actions in the form of anger and revenge, frustration, wanting to be the center of attention of the surrounding environment, mere entertainment, or even just joking with the victim. Victims of cyberbullying often experience a number of psychological problems to even think of committing...

Behavior of students and educators is an important issue in educational psychology. Behavior of students, in order to master or understand something, is a student's self-effort in accordance with the definition that student is a process of maturity (from immaturity to adulthood). As for educators, they try to understand students who are not yet mature. Behavior before mastering or understanding compared to behavior after mastering or understanding is the object of observation of a group of behaviors. Behavior can be in the form of attitude, word, and action of a person so this behavior is part of dynamic psychology. Dynamic psychology is a psychology that deals specifically with issues of psychic energy, impulse, and motive that affect the behavior of individual or group. One of the function of educational psychology is the basis of human behavior. Education seeks to develop good life behavior. This behavioral approach gives birth to several theories and concepts from many resea...

The ideals of the Haitian Constitution is to establish a strong and stable State, capable of protecting the country's values, traditions, sovereignty, independence and national vision. Implant democracy, which entails ideological pluralism and political rotation and affirm the inviolable rights of the Haitian people. The application of such constitution is to aim establishing a governmental regime based on the fundamental liberties and the respect for human rights, the social peace, economic equity, the equity of gender, the concerted action and the participation of all the population in the grand decisions engaging the national life.  Employment (work) is freedom!

The ideals of the Haitian Constitution is to establish a strong and stable State, capable of protecting the country's values, traditions, sovereignty, independence and national vision. Implant democracy, which entails ideological pluralism and political rotation and affirm the inviolable rights of the Haitian people. The application of such constitution is to aim establishing a governmental regime based on the fundamental liberties and the respect for human rights, the social peace, economic equity, the equity of gender, the concerted action and the participation of all the population in the grand decisions engaging the national life.  Employment (work) is freedom!

Culture Therapy is an ongoing process of reform in correctional homes in the Indian state of West Bengal. The objective is to reform inmates of correctional homes through training in performing arts , training in some trade , etc, so as to make them fit for mainstream society so that by the time they are released after completing their sentences  they will be able to lead a decent life in mainstream society without lapsing into recidivism. The present teaching document builds on the earlier one by adding material on recent trends in culture therapy in the districts like Bardhaman, and incorporating new references .The document will be of use to those who wish to study prison reform as well as sociologists and administrators.

Incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the criminal justice system has changed how law enforcement and judicial process’s function. This research paper delves into the effects of AI in this particular context, examining its influence on predictive policing, sentencing and parole determinations, surveillance practices, legal representation, and racial and ethnic disparities. By exploring these concerns, this paper aims to shed light on the challenges posed by AI and propose strategies for protecting the rights and well-being of citizens and individuals involved in the criminal justice system. Together, these different aspects create a story that emphasizes the difficulties present in a justice system that, despite progress, is still far from achieving perfection. This story highlights the importance of addressing these challenges to safeguard the well-being and rights of citizens and professionals closely connected to how the system operates.

This article investigates the impact of arts-based therapies on incarcerated individuals within the Presidency Correctional Home in Kolkata with specific reference to Alokananda Roy's project 'Culture Therapy'. This programme for the rehabilitation of incarcerated individuals through the arts is arguably the first of its kind in the Indian context. By employing personal observations, non-structured interviews and performance reviews, this article provides a close reading of Roy's experimental methodologies and highlights how public performances involving prisoners help to humanise participants and deconstruct mutually exclusive notions of civic and criminal spaces.

Politics of patronage based on primordial identity is not a new phenomenon in Nigeria. The impact of such patterns of politicking has been obviously untoward. This study interrogates the apparent manifestation of ethno-clannish patronage in the politics of political appointments under Muhammadu Buhari’s civilian administration (2015-date). Relying on a descriptive analysis of secondary data, as well as a selective application of prebendal theory, the study observes that members of Buhari’s ethno-communal grouping tend to have been favored rather disproportionately in terms of the allotment of political appointments at the federal level. The study posits that such an ethno-clannish posture smacks of the politics of exclusion, which negates the spirit of national integration. The study further contends that not only had President Buhari favored his kinsmen and tribesmen in his appointments, but he has also appointed many of his family relations into strategic positions, thus entrenchi...

The sexual abuse of children is defined to be used for sexual satisfaction of an adult. In this case report forensic, and medical files of a 16-year-old girl who had committed suicide by drug overdose were investigated. It is learned that about 18 months ago she had begun to date with her 20-year-old boy friend from the same village. At the beginning mutual tolerance and willingness governed their love affair. However for the previous year she had been forced, threatened, and kidnapped for sexual intercourse. She had told that she couldn't break up her relationship because of his fearful and insulting threats, and subsequently she had been a victim of frequent sexual assaults. Finally, while she had been forced, and retained for a sexual intercourse in the barn, her family informed the legal authorities of her absence. When she had been found, she had declared that her boyfriend gave him a glass of cola drink, and battered her on the neck, so she couldn't recall everything fully. Her physical examination revealed signs of trauma on her head, and extremities, and her psychological, evaluation demonstrated a disordered mental health state because of sexual assaults she had been exposed to. She had been hospitalized in a psychiatry clinic, and discharged in ten days. Five days after her discharge from the hospital, she attempted suicide by swallowing 24 different kinds of tablets routinely used by her grandmother. According to hospital records, despite appropriate treatment she had a cardiac arrest and died. It was concluded that the victim who had a history of sexual assault nearly two weeks ago, had died of visceral organ bleeding, and cardiac arrhythmia due to intake of multiple drugs with the intent of committing suicide. The abuse case among the risky groups for suicide is an important public health problem. About the prevention of the sexual abuses and the suicides; education, treatment, social rehabilitation should be provided, and the safety precautions must be taken.

This study sought to explore contributory factors of academic dishonesty. Academic dishonesty is being practiced yet little research has been conducted on the subject. Subsequently, this study employed the qualitative approach for in-depth exploration of the factors of academic dishonesty. In this study, focus group discussions were conducted with two groups of participants; university students (N=12) and university teachers (N=08) of The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Participants for this study were recruited through purposive sampling. Three research questions were asked to the participants: Q1) How is academic dishonesty described by students and teachers? Q2) What would be the possible types of academic dishonesty? and Q3) What are the pros and cons of academic dishonesty in the long run? Their responses were audio taped and the collected data were transcribed by following transcription steps provided by Humble (2015). For data analysis, NVivo (12) was utilized and...

Incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the criminal justice system has changed how law enforcement and judicial process's function. This research paper delves into the effects of AI in this particular context, examining its influence on predictive policing, sentencing and parole determinations, surveillance practices, legal representation, and racial and ethnic disparities. By exploring these concerns, this paper aims to shed light on the challenges posed by AI and propose strategies for protecting the rights and well-being of citizens and individuals involved in the criminal justice system. Together, these different aspects create a story that emphasizes the difficulties present in a justice system that, despite progress, is still far from achieving perfection. This story highlights the importance of addressing these challenges to safeguard the well-being and rights of citizens and professionals closely connected to how the system operates.

and Holt Romania Foundation REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI INTERVENTIE SOCIALA is indexed by ISI Thomson Reuters-Social Sciences Citation Index (Sociology and Social Work Domains) Working together www.rcis.ro expert projects publishing 5 Abstract The article presents the results of a study (n = 119) carried out in April 2016 in the largest placement centre in the county of Ia[i. The aim of the research was to identify the processes that support the good results obtained by the teenagers and young persons who reside here, given that they are subject to numerous risk factors that originate in their past but are still in operation today, but also to their concerns regarding the future. Another objective has been to identify the most effective intervention models for the clients of such institutions in the given circumstances. The research was designed based on an ecological model of resilience which suggests that the good results obtained by the members of a group facing adversity are associa...

The article presents the results of a study (n = 119) carried out in April 2016 in the largest placement centre in the county of Ia[i. The aim of the research was to identify the processes that support the good results obtained by the teenagers and young persons who reside here, given that they are subject to numerous risk factors that originate in their past but are still in operation today, but also to their concerns regarding the future. Another objective has been to identify the most effective intervention models for the clients of such institutions in the given circumstances. The research was designed based on an ecological model of resilience which suggests that the good results obtained by the members of a group facing adversity are associated with the individual resources they can rely on. The instrument we used was a questionnaire focussing on 14 items concerning risks, 56 items concerning resources individual traits: self-efficiency and autonomy, the internal locus of cont...

This paper reviews the application of federal character principle (FCP) in Nigerian civil service for inclusive representation and national unity. It draws on case studies and empirical works on the exacerbated disunity, persistent primordial sectional loyalty over national loyalty. It adopts face-to-face interviews, documentary and thematic analyses. Findings reveal that FCP has negative effects on Nigerian bureaucracy following the way it has been applied. It illustrates how inter-ethnic rivalry and national disunity continue unabated because of governance issues associated with representative bureaucracy. A number of research priorities linking inequalities between federating units are identified for the immediate attention of researchers whose research interest areas may include practice and the future of Nigeria bureaucracy. The paper, however, argues for sound governance model as a substitute for FCP. It highlights the components of sound governance model to include citizen active participation, collaboration, network, equity, stronger regulations, etc. Its implications for public trust, equity and public-service diversity management and national unity in Nigeria's democratic governance were equally highlighted.

La teoría de la mente es la capacidad de inferir, predecir y atribuir estados mentales a otras personas. Este constructo ha sido estudiado desde numerosas patologías, como el autismo, la esquizofrenia y el síndrome de Down. Estudios recientes han mostrado que las alteraciones de la teoría de la mente pueden ser observadas en los diferentes cuadros clínicos derivados de alteraciones del lóbulo frontal, como la personalidad antisocial. Algunos autores plantean que un aspecto esencial de la teoría de la mente es la empatía. Sin embargo, este constructo no ha sido estudiado en población normal colombiana con conductas violentas y delictivas que han estado vinculadas al conflicto armado. Este artículo tiene como propósito describir algunas características de la ToM en sujetos que estuvieron vinculados al conflicto armado en Antioquia con manifestaciones sintomáticas relacionadas con comportamientos violentos y delictivos.

The objective of carceral institutions has changed from being institutions to discipline and punish offenders for their crimes to reforming the prisoners and making them fit for social life after their release. Cultural therapy is one such method of reforming prisoners. West Bengal has become a pioneer in culture therapy thanks to efforts by former Inspector General (Correctional Homes) B.D. Sharma, who tried to implement the provisions of West Bengal Correctional Services Act 1992 in letter and spirit. He roped in a number of artists in various fields, like art, dance and drama to train the inmates in cultural activities. These artists wholeheartedly  dedicated themselves to reforming the inmates through cultural activities. Some of the inmates have since been released. But has society accepted the reformed prisoners?
This lecture was delivered to students of MA in Sociology at The University of Burdwan, who studied Society, Culture and Counselling. It will be useful to sociologists, criminologists, penologists and social workers.

La teoría de la mente es la capacidad de inferir, predecir y atribuir estados mentales a otras personas. Este constructo ha sido estudiado desde numerosas patologías, como el autismo, la esquizofrenia y el síndrome de Down. Estudios recientes han mostrado que las alteraciones de la teoría de la mente pueden ser observadas en los diferentes cuadros clínicos derivados de alteraciones del lóbulo frontal, como la personalidad antisocial. Algunos autores plantean que un aspecto esencial de la teoría de la mente es la empatía. Sin embargo, este constructo no ha sido estudiado en población normal colombiana con conductas violentas y delictivas que han estado vinculadas al conflicto armado. Este artículo tiene como propósito describir algunas características de la ToM en sujetos que estuvieron vinculados al conflicto armado en Antioquia con manifestaciones sintomáticas relacionadas con comportamientos violentos y delictivos.

La teoría de la mente es la capacidad de inferir, predecir y atribuir estados mentales a otras personas. Este constructo ha sido estudiado desde numerosas patologías, como el autismo, la esquizofrenia y el síndrome de Down. Estudios recientes han mostrado que las alteraciones de la teoría de la mente pueden ser observadas en los diferentes cuadros clínicos derivados de alteraciones del lóbulo frontal, como la personalidad antisocial. Algunos autores plantean que un aspecto esencial de la teoría de la mente es la empatía. Sin embargo, este constructo no ha sido estudiado en población normal colombiana con conductas violentas y delictivas que han estado vinculadas al conflicto armado. Este artículo tiene como propósito describir algunas características de la ToM en sujetos que estuvieron vinculados al conflicto armado en Antioquia con manifestaciones sintomáticas relacionadas con comportamientos violentos y delictivos.

Behavior of students and educators is an important issue in educational psychology. Behavior of students, in order to master or understand something, is a student's self-effort in accordance with the definition that student is a process of maturity (from immaturity to adulthood). As for educators, they try to understand students who are not yet mature. Behavior before mastering or understanding compared to behavior after mastering or understanding is the object of observation of a group of behaviors. Behavior can be in the form of attitude, word, and action of a person so this behavior is part of dynamic psychology. Dynamic psychology is a psychology that deals specifically with issues of psychic energy, impulse, and motive that affect the behavior of individual or group. One of the function of educational psychology is the basis of human behavior. Education seeks to develop good life behavior. This behavioral approach gives birth to several theories and concepts from many resea...