Procurement Management

This study presents a systematic review of the integration between Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Data-Driven Decision-Making (DDDM) in modern enterprises, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure rigor and transparency. A total of 1,264 records were initially identified, of which 156 studies met the inclusion criteria after duplicate removal, screening, and full-text assessment. The reviewed literature spans conceptual models, technological enablers, sector-specific applications, international perspectives, and organizational challenges. Findings indicate that CRM is conceptualized not merely as a technological system but also as a strategic orientation grounded in relationship marketing, while DDDM is positioned as both an analytical process and a managerial philosophy. Together, these frameworks enable enterprises to enhance customer insights, optimize decision-making, and strengthen long-term competitiveness. Technological enablers such as cloud computing, Software-as-a-Service platforms, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and social media analytics were identified as pivotal in transforming CRM systems into predictive and real-time decision-making tools. Sector-specific applications demonstrated consistent value in retail, e-commerce, banking, financial services, and healthcare, highlighting the adaptability of CRM-DDDM integration across industries. International perspectives revealed that while CRM-DDDM principles are globally relevant, adoption and effectiveness vary according to cultural, institutional, and digital maturity factors, underscoring the importance of contextual adaptation. Challenges were also noted, particularly organizational resistance, poor data quality, system complexity, ethical concerns, and difficulties in measuring return on investment, all of which continue to limit effectiveness. The review further identified critical debates regarding technology versus relationship orientation, the appropriateness of customer equity versus firm performance as success metrics, and the absence of unified theoretical frameworks. Collectively, this synthesis demonstrates that CRM-DDDM integration delivers significant strategic and operational benefits while remaining shaped by contextual and organizational constraints. The study contributes by consolidating evidence across disciplines and offering recommendations for both research and practice.

This research tries to shed light on precise values of logistics costs that so far undisclosed. The values are important for every project planners to evaluate, control and monitoring, and especially imperative for procurement activities. Tender, bidding, and defining the scope of contracts and value can be well organized without time-consuming. This research uses methodology previously developed by Subiyanto (2020a) and discussed only a few particular and directly related to the logistics. The model had been decomposed by utilizing path analysis and the data had been regressed to define variables as the most inflator for logistics. The findings are total logistics costs in Indonesia generally at around 14.6% to total costs of investment. It consists following of insurance cost 0.11%, costs for customs clearance 6.52%, foreign logistics costs 6.62%, domestic manufacture 0.47%, and domestic logistics costs 0.89%. This research is not discussing logistics costs relating to human resources, human travelling, and internal logistics conducted by vendors or contractors as the scope included counted within their procurement contract. These results are important as guidance for project planners, controllers, and other parties to prepare costs more precisely. Negotiating to the banks will be easier as the more precise amount of budgets had been estimated. Due to the important values that have been identified, there will help transparency and governance conducting the projects. Procurement processes involving societies are more objective and better. This is a novelty finding as previous researchers have not decided yet.

All organizations whether profit or notfor-profit making have an ultimate vision reflected in their ability to achieve certain objectives and goals. People join these organizations and constitute themselves as the workforce that will contribute their own quota towards the attainment of organizational goals. As workers get adapted to their organization, they begin to notice that the management attitude towards them is not evenly distributed. They soon realize that some categories of workers are more preferred to others. It is This paper examined how discriminatory practices in the work place affect the performance of workers. The population of the workforce is on the increase and more people from different ethnic groups, gender, age, religion and so on are joining organizations. Many employers tend to put up some form of stereo type against a certain group of employees in the workplace. Such prejudice and bias tend to deny workers of certain benefits in the organization. The consequences are often perceived workers' alienation, low workers' engagement and motivation, physical and mental problems as well as poor performance in the work place. Finally, it discussed some ways of dealing with inferiority complex resulting from work place discrimination at the government, organization and individual level. It recommends that organizations will achieve better man power utilization if organizational policies are anchored on equal opportunities for employees, and diversity management programs. Surface level diversity should be made to give way for the understanding of differences and shared organization culture. The government also have their roles to play in ensuring that equal opportunity and affirmative actions' policies are effectively implemented.

This systematic review investigates the performance, optimization, and governance practices of business intelligence (BI) systems with a focus on SQL-driven dashboards, streaming pipelines, cloud scalability, and organizational integration. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 142 studies published between 2005 and 2024 were systematically identified, screened, and synthesized. The review highlights several key findings. First, SQL continues to serve as the foundational language in BI, maintaining its dominance through adaptability across distributed and hybrid environments. Second, dashboards have evolved beyond their original descriptive function, now acting as governance instruments that embed compliance, accountability, and transparency into organizational workflows. Third, sectoral and regional variations demonstrate that BI adoption and optimization are shaped by contextual factors, with financial and healthcare sectors prioritizing compliance and risk management, while retail and ecommerce emphasize customer analytics and speed. Fourth, performance optimization remains a critical concern, with techniques such as query pushdown, incremental refresh, caching, and streaming pipelines shown to reduce latency and improve scalability in real-time analytics. Fifth, monitoring, testing, and maintainability practices are increasingly emphasized, aligning BI with DevOps principles and continuous integration frameworks. Additionally, cloud and hybrid scalability emerge as both technical and economic challenges, requiring elastic infrastructures balanced against cost and governance demands. Finally, the review underscores the need for conceptual integration of technical, organizational, and governance dimensions, as BI success depends on harmonizing these three axes. Collectively, the findings confirm earlier scholarship while extending it with new empirical and conceptual insights, illustrating that BI has matured into a strategic infrastructure supporting decisionmaking, regulatory compliance, and organizational resilience. This review provides actionable recommendations for practitioners and highlights research gaps that call for deeper exploration of cross-sectoral comparisons, governance integration models, and economic trade-offs in BI scalability.

Rapid advancements in digitalization are reshaping global supply chains and transforming the current modus operandi of the procurement function within companies. Broadly, procurement logistics involves the exchange of a wide variety of data and information relating to suppliers and buyers. As the needs of companies become more complex, many disruptive innovations are adopted to support and advance procurement in terms of predictability, transactional automation and proactivity of supplier relationship management. These emerging technologies encompass big data analytics, robotics, internet of things (IoT), blockchain and smart contracts, etc. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the potentialities of these emerging technologies in activities pertaining to procurement and the main organizational barriers that stand against their wide-scale implementation.

LKPP hingga saat ini belum menerbitkan Model Dokumen Pemilihan untuk Metode Pemilihan E-Purchasing Katalog Elektronik sehingga Pengguna Anggaran selaku Pengguna Platform Katalog Elektronik LKPP Versi 6 harus mengimplementasikan secara mandiri Model Dokumen Pemilihan yang akan digunakan. Dokumen ini adalah contoh bentuk Dokumen Pemilihan untuk Pekerjaan Konstruksi yang menggunakan Metode E-Purchasing Katalog Elektronik Negosiasi Harga untuk Versi 6 yang mulai digunakan sejak 01 Agustus 2025.

Background The fruit and vegetable processing industry play an important role in processing of agricultural products. India ranks third in the production of dried fruits and vegetables. India ranks third in the production of dried fruits and vegetables. The industry is largely decentralized and India has a large number of small-scale units having small capacities up to 250 tons per annum. The commercial production of processed fruits and vegetables is very low in India, contributing only to around 2.2 percent of the total food production. The growth of this industry will bring immense benefits to the economy, raising agricultural yields, enhancing productivity, creating employment and raising life standards of people across the country, especially in rural areas. The commercial production of processed fruits and vegetables is very low in India, contributing only to around 2.2 percent of the total food production. Dehydrated fruits and vegetables projects are a new product of value addition series where the shelf life is increased & space for storage is reduced along with easy transportation. Demand for fruits and vegetables are prevalent across length and breadth of the country throughout the year. However, due to specific climatic requirements availability/supply of most of these crops is seasonal. So, preservation through dehydration technique can play an important role. Moringa has been used for centuries due to its medicinal properties and health benefits

The objectives of the study were to find out how e-procurement affects FIAN-Uganda, to assess impact of financial performance in Fian-Uganda, to determine relationship between e-procurement and financial performance in Fian-Uganda, Bulenga-Wakiso. The study applied a descriptive, cross-section and correlation research design. A sample size of 40 was used in the study.
The findings revealed that e-procurement activities were high as indicated by the grand mean of 3.189 and standard deviation of 0.746 as shown in Table 4. This implied that Fian-Uganda, had implemented; e-procurement activities; e-sourcing activities, e-tendering activities, and e-invoicing activities that assisted them to register positive organizational performance.
The findings revealed that level of financial performance at Fian-Uganda was moderate, as indicated by the grand mean of 3.413 and standard deviation of 0.803 as shown in Table 5. This implied that Fian-Uganda in respect to financial performance, they had implemented measures on its organizational financial performance in the last years that enabled it reach its set targets, missions and objectives
The findings revealed a positive relationship of 0.380 between e-procurement and financial performance in Fian-Uganda. Since the p-value was (0.015) was less than the alpha value (α=0.05), the researcher rejected the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between e-procurement and financial performance at Fian-Uganda and accepted the alternative stating that there is a relationship between e-procurement and financial performance at Fian-Uganda.

According to the national legislation on public procurement procedures for works, goods or services, one of the procedures applied is competitive dialogue. Article 46 of the Law on Public Procurement lists the public procurement procedures, thus, the public procurement contract can be awarded through the following procedures: open tender; restricted tender; competitive dialogue; negotiated procedures; request for price offers; competition of solutions; acquisition in the case of social services and other specific services; partnership for innovation. Therefore, the competitive dialogue is defined as a procedure in which any economic operator can request to participate and in which the contracting authority holds a dialogue with the candidates admitted to this procedure in order to develop one or more solutions that meet the needs specified by the contracting authority and on the basis of which the selected candidate(s) are to be invited to submit their offers. The purpose of the study is to define the importance of applying this type of procedure, to describe the specifics of the situations when it is appropriate to apply this procedure. The research methods: In the present study, both traditional research methods, complex and systemic analysis, comparison, logical analysis, and other modern study methods were used. Research results: It should be noted that, although the basic procedures for awarding the public contract are the open tender and the restricted tender, negotiation, with the prior publication of a contract notice, applies in the case of the submission of unfair or unacceptable tenders in an open or restricted tender procedure, in the context of a request for price offers or in a competitive dialogue, if the initial conditions of the contract are not substantially modified. The contracting authority is entitled not to publish a contract notice if it includes, in the negotiated procedure, all tenderers or only tenderers who meet the qualitative selection criteria and who have submitted, on the occasion of the open or restricted procedure prior to the procedure for the request for quotations or the previous competitive dialogue, tenders in accordance with the official requirements of the award procedure. The application of the negotiated procedure in this case is possible only after the annulment of the original procedure.

Este artigo mostra que, de acordo com a natureza dos fatores de risco envolvidos nos projetos da industria da construcao, com a modalidade contratual e a responsabilidade estabelecida entre contratante e contratada, um fator de risco considerado como interno pode se tornar externo conforme a otica da sua avaliacao. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi realizada primeiramente a pesquisa bibliografica e em seguida o Metodo de Estudo de Caso, onde foram identificados os fatores de risco interno e externo na fase de construcao e montagem de uma obra de estrutura metalica sob o ponto de vista da contratada, considerando o custo da instalacao. O tipo de contrato acordado entre as partes foi a preco fixo (servicos, material e mao de obra) por valor unitario. O objetivo e mostrar as mudancas que ocorrem nos fatores de riscos externos e internos em projetos do segmento da industria da construcao e montagem em funcao da modalidade contratual e do arranjo contratual estabelecido pelas par...

The Supply Chain Management (SCM) has emerged as a new field of study which received much attention by the business houses and the researchers. Research shows that efficient SCM ensures on time arrival of raw materials at the production plant, prevents the need to source additional materials from alternative sources, avoids higher prices and guarantees higher profitability for the manufacturing company. This research develops a conceptual framework of the impact of SCM practices on operational performance in RMG industry of Bangladesh through literature review. In this study, six most important SCM practices and eight metrics for operational performances have been adapted from the prior literatures. This study found that there is a positive relationship between SCM practices and operational performances of RMG companies in Bangladesh.

The implementation of e-procurement systems in government agencies has become a critical component of the public sector reform process, with the objective of enhancing the transparency, efficiency, and accountability of the procurement processes. The significance of examining the effects of digital transformation and its impact on the foundations of public procurement (in differentially inclusive terms) is realised when examining the impacts and issues of the policy surrounding the adoption of eprocurement in government Institutions. Despite the potential benefits of reduced corruption, reduced time utilisation, and cost savings, a significant number of government agencies continue to face challenges in fully implementing e-procurement systems. The primary challenges are the result of inadequate infrastructure, inadequate skilled personnel, inadequate policy implementation, and resistance to change. This research, which was conducted using the qualitative research method, summarises the articles and policy reports in order to investigate the stimuli and obstacles associated with the integration of e-procurement. The results suggest that there are policies in numerous countries that provide support for e-procurement practices; however, their implementation is often inconsistent due to institutional inertia and a lack of political will. The digital divide and the impact of cybersecurity also complicate the process of adoption. The paper emphasises the necessity of stakeholders' involvement, capacity development, and consistent policy frameworks in order to establish sustainable eprocurement systems. It also underscores the necessity of aligning technological advantages with institutional restructuring to optimise their potential. By providing information regarding the efficacy of e-procurement implementation in the government region, this study will contribute to the ongoing discussion on digital governance..

Emerging nations aiming to transform their governance institutions into engines of equal prosperity can learn from Ghana's two-decade-long public procurement reform. This mixed-methods study uses econometric analysis of national procurement data, spatial regression modeling, and extensive fieldwork across 15 districts to show how the Public Procurement Act (Act 914) and the Ghana Electronic Procurement System (GhEPS) have delivered significant fiscal efficiencies despite implementation challenges. Research reveals that institutional improvements resulted in 12.7% savings on public contracts from 2015 to 2022, freeing up nearly GH₵500 million for regional economic development projects. Multiplier effects caused each percentage point increase in procurement efficiency to raise GDP by 0.2-0.5%, especially in SME-focused areas like Ejisu-Juaben, where agricultural logistics contracts boosted employment by 18%. SME involvement accounted for up to 43% of contract value, but payment delays over 12 months led enterprises to take out predatory loans at 30% interest, risking inclusion targets. Officials in Sefwi-Wiawso use shared bicycles to collect tenders, demonstrating a 30% efficiency gap between urban and rural districts. Digital solutions alone cannot resolve governance disparities. Permanent reform requires more than compliance; it involves a fundamental rethink of how implementation aligns with the political economy, according to this research. A practical District Capability Framework with mobile training clinics, guaranteed payments to subject matter experts, and regional integrity tribunals turns procedural improvements into meaningful development outcomes. These findings show that transparency and value for money are essential for economic progress and give African policymakers evidence-based solutions to turn procurement from a mere administrative task into a strategic development instrument.

This study investigates the adoption and efficacy of innovative procurement methods in promoting sustainability and efficiency within Nigeria's public infrastructure sector. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, it combines survey data with interviews and document reviews across key Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs). Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics and ANOVA, alongside thematic analysis, reveal that while Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) and e-procurement demonstrate potential, traditional procurement methods prevail due to institutional inertia, capacity gaps, and regulatory deficiencies. The findings indicate moderate engagement with sustainability, predominantly focused on environmental objectives, while economic and social dimensions are largely neglected. Barriers such as bureaucratic inefficiencies, inadequate training, financial constraints, and political interference persist across MDAs. The study concludes that a comprehensive reform agenda-emphasizing regulatory modernization, digital procurement infrastructure, and capacity building-is essential. Recommendations include targeted legal reforms, expanded training programs, promotion of inclusive sustainability metrics, and improved PPP frameworks. This research provides novel insights into procurement reform in developing economies, offering a data-driven framework to enhance transparency, innovation, and developmental impact in Nigeria's public sector.

Public procurement plays a pivotal role in shaping economic development and governance, particularly within emerging economies such as Nigeria. The Public Procurement Act (PPA) of 2007 was instituted to reform Nigeria's procurement system by enhancing transparency, competitiveness, and accountability. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the Act's effectiveness, integrating survey data from 200 procurement stakeholders across federal Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) in Abuja with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative analyses, including regression and chisquare tests, indicate moderate awareness of the Act but underscore significant implementation challenges, notably political interference, capacity gaps, weak legal enforcement, and limited adoption of digital tools. The Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP) is constrained by insufficient autonomy and resources, leading to inconsistent compliance. Although PPA provides a robust legal framework, its practical impact is impeded by systemic institutional weaknesses and informal practices. The study recommends enhancing enforcement capacity, increasing the adoption of e-procurement, and developing a specialized procurement cadre. The findings contribute to the literature on procurement governance and propose reform pathways to improve procurement efficiency and public trust in Nigeria.

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have become an essential response to Nigeria's massive infrastructure gaps, especially in health, power, and transportation. However, navigating the PPP terrain isn't without challenges. Procurement under PPPs is often slowed down by weak institutions, poor technology usage, financial constraints, and corruption. This study explored how these obstacles shape procurement outcomes in Nigeria's PPP efforts. Drawing from the views of 391 stakeholders engaged in PPP projects-particularly across Ghana's infrastructure space-we analyzed key bottlenecks using descriptive statistics and onesample t-tests. The results were striking: corruption (t= 57.217, p < 0.001) and capacity gaps significantly hurt procurement efficiency. Slow tech adoption further dampens transparency and execution. All five problem areas tested proved statistically relevant (p < 0.001). For Nigeria to benefit from PPPs as a sustainable path to infrastructure growth, deep structural reform is needed-particularly in reducing corruption, strengthening institutions, and embracing e-procurement and financial innovation. Countries like Nigeria can't afford to delay these changes, as they hold the key to unlocking transparent partnerships and successful infrastructure delivery.

Supply chain assumes a unique business process without inter-company boundaries. Each supply chain partner is important for achievement of customer requirements. On the one hand, supply chain is an inexhaustible source of competitive advantage, created by the companies, which constitute it. However, on the other hand, due to its complexness, supply chain is an easy target of numerous factors, which jeopardize its competitiveness. Some of those factors are: turbulence, deliberate threats, external pressures, resource limits, sensitivity, and supplier/customer disruptions. Successful dealing with those factors assumes establishment of mechanisms for increasing supply chain resilience. Many researches indicate that some factors have greater influence on supply chain disruption and discontinuance. If those factors can be isolated, it will be easier to manage them or to avoid their influence. Therefore, the objective of the research presented in this paper is identification of the most f...

This study investigates the factors affecting patient service delivery at Adare General Hospital in Hawassa, Ethiopia. Focusing on six key areas-management style, communication, ICT implementation, training, professional nurses' status quo, and drug supply-the research employs a descriptive survey design with a sample of 240 hospital staff. Findings reveal significant gaps in management communication, ICT utilization, training opportunities, nurse workload, and drug supply adequacy. Recommendations include decentralizing procurement, enhancing communication channels, and increasing professional nurse staffing to improve service quality, accessibility, and efficiency.

Digital banking is among the technological innovations currently reverberating the cyber wave. this study seeks to assess communication, awareness and acceptance of it among the residents of southeast and south-south, nigeria. the survey objectives were to ascertain awareness level of the southeast and south-south residents towards digital banking during the cash crunch, determine the acceptance level of digital banking among the southeast and south-south residents, find out the role of communication in awareness and acceptance of digital banking during the cash crunch in southeast and south-south nigeria, and assess the usage of digital banking amidst cash crunch in southeast and south nigeria. the study methodology is a sample survey which allowed researchers to administer questionnaires on 385 respondents out of the 50,166,807 study population. the findings showed that awareness level of digital banking was good (36%) in southeast and south-south nigeria during the cash crunch but it level of acceptance and usage improved more (37%) after the cash crunch. the study also ascertained that communication contribute significantly (59%) towards the usage and acceptance of digital banking in the two zones. it further showed that usage of digital banking in southeast and south-south has improved due to significant contributions of communication.

Nigeria has faced continual conflicts in recent decades, involving not only state actors but
also non-state actors such as armed groups, religious leaders, and community militias.
Despite these actors’ significant roles, traditional state-led approaches, which rely heavily on
military operations, have failed to address the root causes of conflict, leaving social and
political grievances unresolved. This study examines peace-building as an alternative
approach to conflict resolution, with a focus on the potential of engaging non-state actors in
conflict resolution. The study builds upon key theoretical frameworks, including Lederach’s
conflict transformation theory, which advocates addressing underlying structures and
relationships that fuel violence. Drawing on secondary data from journals, books, internet
sources and relevant literature, the study highlights how peace-building transcends state
centric methods by prioritizing dialogue, reconciliation, and local participation. By
integrating non-state actors who possess local authority, knowledge, and influence peace
building can bridge gaps between communities and formal state structures. However, the
study also identifies challenges, such as the dual role of non-state actors as both peace
builders and spoilers and the lack of trust between the state and local communities. Despite
these challenges, the study argues that an inclusive, community-based peace-building
approach can break cycles of violence and promote social cohesion, offering a more
legitimate and effective pathway to lasting peace in Nigeria. The findings underscore the
urgent need for policymakers and peace practitioners to shift from exclusive, state-led
security responses to participatory frameworks that recognize the vital roles of non-state
actors in addressing the complex roots of conflict.

Psychological capital and emotional intelligence have been identified as a new approach to increase employee performance despite the fact that there are various factors that lead to the performance of the academic staff, which fulfills a very high national mission by producing educated and intelligent young generations who need to develop to protect the future of the country. Later, researchers found that it can change the way employees feel about their jobs. So, the researcher decided to investigate the impact of psychological capital and emotional intelligence on job performance in higher education institutions in Sri Lanka as this aspect has not been examined in the Sri Lankan context. The question investigated in this study is the effect of psychological capital and emotional intelligence onjob performance in higher education institutions in Sri Lanka. It is the primary objective of this study. As a specific objectives of the study were developed on the four variables of the Psychological Capital and four variable of emotional intelligence construct. In summary, the researcher found that there is a positive effect of psychological capital and emotional intelligence on job performance. Finally, the study gives some recommendations for improving job performance by increasing psychological capital and emotional intelligence. Although psychological capital is a novel idea for many Vietnamese managers, they see it as a resource that can assist people improve their job performance (NGO, 2021). Understanding psychological capital, developing a questionnaire to measure its level based on work characteristics, business industries, conducting annual evaluations, and convening short-term psychological training courses for employees are some managerial initiatives. Furthermore, in order to improveemployees' job performance, managers should implement two-way internal communication activities that successfullymatchemployees'requirements,workgoals,andassignedtasksatthepersonallevel. Employee selection and promotion decisions can benefit from psychological capital and emotional intelligence. That is, management should prioritize self-efficacy, power contracts, and high levels of self-efficacy among those who can pay. Assist these employees in performing effectively in the workplace, they will be less likely to participate in risky behavior. During the hiring/promotion process, a psychological development status assessment might be conducted.

Faced with increasing environmental destruction in Nigeria, the need to get public and private sector purchasing practices to act in alignment with principles of sustainable development imperatives becomes quite urgent. This study examined the environmental effect of green procurement (GP) on national development in Nigeria, using a mixed-method research design. Drawing on a survey of 200 procurement professionals and using SPSS multiple regression models, it is found that GP's environmental dimensions have universally significant effect on development outcomes (p < 0.05), but the social dimension does not. The study reveals the implications of standardizing green measures in a form of environmental auditing, ISO 14001 certifications, and laws in the industries. Policy considerations are made with reference to the Climate Change Act 2021 and Nigeria's Energy Transition Plan. The research provides a pathway for incorporating sustainability in procurement for resilient, inclusive, and environmentally sustainable national development.

Public procurement plays a pivotal role in shaping economic development and governance, particularly within emerging economies such as Nigeria. The Public Procurement Act (PPA) of 2007 was instituted to reform Nigeria's procurement system by enhancing transparency, competitiveness, and accountability. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the Act's effectiveness, integrating survey data from 200 procurement stakeholders across federal Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) in Abuja with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative analyses, including regression and chisquare tests, indicate moderate awareness of the Act but underscore significant implementation challenges, notably political interference, capacity gaps, weak legal enforcement, and limited adoption of digital tools. The Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP) is constrained by insufficient autonomy and resources, leading to inconsistent compliance. Although PPA provides a robust legal framework, its practical impact is impeded by systemic institutional weaknesses and informal practices. The study recommends enhancing enforcement capacity, increasing the adoption of e-procurement, and developing a specialized procurement cadre. The findings contribute to the literature on procurement governance and propose reform pathways to improve procurement efficiency and public trust in Nigeria.

This proposal presents a comprehensive Digital Transformation Blueprint for Sri Lanka's National Electronic Government Procurement (e-GP) System, developed as a core component of a PhD study conducted under the Faculty of Graduate Studies (Registration No. FGS/SC/PhD/STAT/2021/054), University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. The research addresses the critical need for a structured, context-specific digital transformation strategy within the Sri Lankan public sector, with a particular focus on the health sector. Anchored in interdisciplinary methodologies, the study integrates globally applicable digital governance principles, emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), and institutional process reengineering frameworks to design a scalable and adaptable transformation model aligned with a Sustainable and Green Public Procurement (SGPP) framework. This work contributes not only to academic discourse but also to national policy development by offering a practical, evidencebased roadmap for achieving sustainable digital transformation in public procurement. The proposed blueprint is envisioned to serve as a strategic guide for public institutions, policymakers, and digital governance stakeholders committed to driving innovation, enhancing transparency, and improving efficiency across Sri Lanka's public service ecosystem.

The purpose of this paper is to determine ways of managing supplier relationships to improve public procurement performance whiles conforming to legal and procedural framework for public sector procurement. Supplier relationship management is one of the most important aspect of supply chain management. Most public sector institutions especially in developing economies however neglect this aspect in their procurement practices. The advent of the Public Procurement Act, 2003 (Act 663) in Ghana addresses so many procurement issues but does not address supplier relationship management issues to achieve a long term benefit for the organization that will bring a win-win approach for the benefit of the organization. Hence, this study was set using public tertiary educational institutions as a case study to determine how supplier relationships are managed vis-à-vis procurement regulations to achieve procurement performance. The main findings revealed that selected entity follows accepted strategies of supplier relationship management in extent literature in order to ensure value for money and improve procurement performance. However, the existing relationships has some accompanying challenges. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications from these finding.

Petrokimya tesisleri; yüksek sıcaklık, basınç, toksik maddeler, yanıcı ve patlayıcı kimyasallar ile çalışılan karmaşık endüstriyel alanlardır. Bu tür tesislerin ilk kuruluş aşamasından itibaren üretim sürecine ve sürekli faaliyetine kadar geçen tüm evrelerde etkili bir iş sağlığı ve güvenliği (İSG) yönetimi hayati önem taşır. Bu makalede, petrokimya tesislerinin kurulum sürecinden başlayarak üretim ve işletme aşamalarına kadar olması gereken İSG uygulamaları detaylı şekilde ele alınmaktadır.

This abstract examines public-private partnership (PPP) models aimed at enhancing sustainability in the built environment. It explores how collaboration between governments and private entities supports green infrastructure, energy-efficient buildings, and sustainable urban planning. The analysis highlights PPPs as vital tools for scaling environmental impact while sharing risk and investment.

Transportation infrastructure development is a key driver of economic growth and social integration, particularly in remote and underdeveloped regions. However, in ecologically sensitive areas, such as the Kupe Muanenguba Division in Cameroon, infrastructure projects like the Bangem-Nguti road pose significant environmental and social challenges. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impacts associated with the Bangem-Nguti road project, integrating findings from Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs), communal development plans, and comparative analyses of similar projects worldwide. The paper highlights the trade-offs between socioeconomic benefits and ecological risks, discusses mitigation strategies, and offers recommendations for sustainable transportation planning in biodiversity-rich landscapes.

Green issue is considered as one of the worldwide issues. Many countries such as the United Kingdom, Japan and European Union countries have been actively adopting the sustainable green living concept in their normal lives. Since government is considered as the main purchaser in a country, it represents a large proportion of total public spending in both developed and developing countries. One of the initiatives that already been taken in Malaysia is the implementation of green government procurement (GGP). It has been recognized as an effective tool in minimizing the environmental impacts and can be determined as the government&#39;s commitments in sustaining the environment that can be emulated by the society as a whole. However, there is no specific policy, regulation and legal framework that has been implemented in regards to GGP since GGP is a very new concept in Malaysia. GGP has been outlined in Chapter 6 in 10th Malaysian Plan under valuing the nation&#39;s environment endow...

Conventional trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (CTrIFNs) are used in the literature to handle many real-life problems with imprecise information. However, the CTrIFNs are not the real generalization of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IVIFNs) and triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TIFNs). This study discusses the non-conventional trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers called trapezoidal-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TrVIFNs) that generalize (contain) all real-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, IVIFNs and TIFNs. Various researchers worldwide are looking for a complete ranking principle on the set of TrVIFNs. However, none of them yields a complete ranking. The paper's main aim is to propose a new complete ranking principle on the class of TrVIFNs. The complete ranking principle on the set of TrVIFNs makes the decision-making algorithm more robust. To achieve the main aim, firstly, we introduce eight different score functions on the set of TrVIFNs and study their mathematical properties. Secondly, we present a new ranking principle by considering all eight score functions in a linear order. Further, we prove (mathematically) that the introduced ranking principle defines complete ranking on the set of TrVIFNs. Thirdly, we show the significance of the proposed method compared with the existing methods on various classes of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Finally, we implement a case application of the proposed complete ranking principle for evaluating the social sustainability performance of Indian firms.

In this paper multi-item fuzzy profit maximisation inventory model with ramp type demand under imprecise space, budget constraints and imprecise holding cost with two storage facilities are presented. There are two warehouses, one is situated at market place called as own warehouse (OW) and another is little away from market place called as rented warehouse (RW). The sale is conducted from OW and the sold items are replaced continuously by the items at RW. Here shortages are not allowed. The fuzzy model has been solved by using fuzzy nonlinear programming technique and illustrated numerically.

A multi-item cost minimising stochastic inventory model is developed in stochastic environment. Demand is considered to be function of income level of consumer and price of commodity. Budget, income and price are assumed to be random and their randomness is expressed by normal distribution. Deterioration rate is modelled using Weibull distribution. Stochastic inventory model is converted into equivalent crisp inventory model by using stochastic nonlinear programming (SNLP) technique. Crisp problem is solved by fuzzy nonlinear programming (FNLP) technique and intuitionistic fuzzy optimisation (IFO) technique. Sensitivity analysis of the optimum solution with respect to feasible changes in average and variance of income level and price is discussed and conclusions are noted.

While an increasing number of studies recognise the importance of e-procurement tools (EPT), purchasing executives seem to face continuous challenges to engage suppliers to adopt such tools. This study aims to explore the barriers to maintenance, repair and operations (MRO) suppliers in adopting EPT, and how to overcome them by developing a multiple case study. Our findings indicate that suppliers' willingness to adopt EPT depends on the maintenance of ties and relations previously established with customers. While access to new customers is perceived as a driver to adopt EPT, its use demands robust investment in data management and technology, otherwise suppliers will increase their operational activities and costs. Moreover, suppliers who have the capability to integrate EPT into an intelligent system have a higher willingness to accept it.

Rapid advancements in digitalization are reshaping global supply chains and transforming the current modus operandi of the procurement function within companies. Broadly, procurement logistics involves the exchange of a wide variety of data and information relating to suppliers and buyers. As the needs of companies become more complex, many disruptive innovations are adopted to support and advance procurement in terms of predictability, transactional automation and proactivity of supplier relationship management. These emerging technologies encompass big data analytics, robotics, internet of things (IoT), blockchain and smart contracts, etc. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the potentialities of these emerging technologies in activities pertaining to procurement and the main organizational barriers that stand against their wide-scale implementation.

This article examines various methods of interpreting the Qur'an used by the mufassirs in understanding and explaining the contents of the holy verses of the Qur'an. The main methods of interpretation discussed include the tahlili (analytical), ijmali (global), muqaran (comparative), and maudhu'i (thematic) methods. The tahlili method interprets verses in detail and sequentially by considering various aspects such as vocabulary, the background of the revelation of the verses, and the relationship between verses. The ijmali method provides an overall interpretation without discussing the details of each verse. The muqaran method compares verses in the Qur'an with other contexts to gain a deeper understanding. Meanwhile, the maudhu'i method focuses the interpretation on certain themes that are relevant to the needs of the community. Each method has advantages and limitations that affect the understanding of the theological and philosophical values of the Qur'an. Therefore, the selection and combination of these methods are important to gain a comprehensive and applicable understanding in the lives of Muslims.

Need based training is an important means for attaining professional growth of any individual.
Overall development of the country also is accomplished by implementation of successful
projects. Therefore demand for project management expertise in organizations continues to
grow, and the certificate program in Project Management is a great way to build the skills of
project professionals. In order to achieve this objective, the National Academyfor Planning and
Development NAPD) introduced the complementary certffication training course namely
Project Planning, Development and Management (PPDM) and the study aimed at comparing
this course with the Project Management Professional (PMP) certification course. Assessment
of the equivalence, shortcomings of the contents of PPDM in comparison to PMP course was
conducted to make the PPDM course contents more ffictive, responsive and useful in line with
the internationally recognized PMP certification level. Professionalization of project management
is absolutely a relative concept. On completion of the PMP certification course, a participant
is entitled to earn a highly regarded qualification awarded by Project Management
Institute (PMD. PPDM course can play a vital role to gain the highly prestigious credential
PMP. It provides the project management professionals that relevant expertise to implement the
projects that will have a positive impact on a organization's bottom line results. PMP certification
recognizes experience, education and accomplishment in project management.

This study considered a specific training program namely "Project Formulation,
Appraisal and EIA",organizedbyNAPD from the year 2010 to 2015 where 139 trainees
from 68 organizations attended. The study is based on the primary data' This training
program contents teach the trainees about the procedure to prepare the Development
iroject Proposal (DPP). The researchers conducted pilot study where focus group
discussion of I 5 participants and two in-depth interviews were included. This study also
covers some relevant literature. Three categories of respondents were focused which
were nominating authority, trainees and trainers. Total 123 respondents were
interviewed through semi-structured questionnaires. This research ranked complex
training agendas from the curriculum and highlighted trainee's readiness on adopting
the knowledge acquired from such training. This study found rainee's needs were
usually determined by the nominating authority without much consideration of direct
involvement of the DPP formulation. NAPD as an organizer of the training program
provided training information well advance to nominating authority to select trainees.
ihis study found lecture and feedback session as major method of training rather than
group discussion. It is found that there is positive relation with experience on DPP in the
past and training outcome. Objectives of the training were also delivered. Major
"hul"rrges
identified as selecting trainees, learning mode and involvement in training
programs. This study recommended to select trainees and placement of trainees after
training based on organizational necessity, to reorganize session duration as per
complexity level of c

Training is the significant approach for human resource development which creates new skill in employees and contributes in achieving organizational objectives. Project Management training is extremely mandatory for improving the performance of development projects for accelerating the socioeconomic development of Bangladesh. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Project Management training courses of NAPD examined in the light of Kirkpatrick's (1996) four levels of training evaluation model which are reaction, learning, behavior and result. The study is mainly confirmatory in nature because an in-depth analysis of data was performed to validate the Kirkpatrick model. The study followed mixed method approach comprising of quantitative and qualitative techniques. The study found that the trainees provided positive response about the training arrangements and management of NAPD, they have gained sufficient knowledge about the different modules of the Project Management training courses, the trainees developed the capacity to demonstrate the improved job behavior in their respective workplaces and they could apply the gained knowledge appropriately in the workplaces and most of them utilized the specific knowledge of Project Management in different phases of Project Management. It can be conferred that Project Management training courses organized by NAPD are considered to be effective.

Monclova Coahuila, a 8 de junio de 2025 ÍNDICE 1. Introducción: Importancia de la innovación empresarial 2.0 Equipos locales de trabajo, definición y características: 2.1 Reuniones de los equipos locales. Frecuencia, tiempo y lugares sugeridos, así como objetivos de la reunión 2.2 Sobre la madurez del equipo. 3. Recomendaciones finales sobre el uso de este método de trabajo. Lista de referencias