Open Space in Campus

There is a considerable amount of interest among scholars and urban designers in assessing and fulfilling a shared desire for happiness that is expressed by users of open spaces. The scope of this paper is limited to user experience in a university campus, and considerations around the impact of the setting and design of existing open spaces on stimulating positive feelings and happiness in students, and enhancing the all-round educational experience. The study is limited to young female students at the Effat University campus, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah City. This paper aims to assess the students' level of happiness on a university campus by examining the impact of the open spaces design and setting on the students. A cognitive map analysis is used to investigate the students' emotional experience of the open spaces on campus. Also, a questionnaire is used to investigate the students' preferable open spaces and the reasons for their preferences, which validate the results. The results showed that due to social and environmental conditions some decisions need to be made in response to outdoor temperatures and the spaces' settings in order to improve their design and make a significant positive impact on students' happiness. In addition, this could potentially result in a happier, healthier, and more efficient educational environment overall.

When observing an environment of open green space on campus, the author aware of something that can be exploited and is expected to become a public space where the campus community can interact. The authors try to understand first why a space can be formed by reading the book Production of Space. Henri Lefebvre. try to describe the space and its relationship with human beings. Lefebvre sees space as something produced by each community. According to Juergen Habermas, the public sphere is the space inside there is participation and the consolidation of pluralistic public. This research uses qualitative, descriptive methods, the authors want to unravelling the data on the actual state of the activities happening in the garden. This paper proposes proved that the theory is true by observing the use of open spaces These directly on the activities of the "Campus Talk" in an environment of Mercu Buana Jakarta. "Campus Talk" is an activity talk or discussion between the leadership of the campus resource person with officials, academics and practitioners dealing with the situation and educational themes that are viral at this time. This study uses two space i.e. the production spaces of Lefebvre and public spaces of Juergen Habermas, trying to describe how the production of space and atmosphere in open green space parks Edu Park " I am UMB ". The results of these observations indicate that the activities of the "Campus Talk" in open green space parks Edu Park " I am UMB " as representational spaces, can create new spaces for the existence of the occupation, although not all of these parameters must be met.

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) is essential for good health and formation of vitamin D while overexposure poses a risk to public health. Therefore, it is important to provide information to the public about the level of solar UV radiation. The ultraviolet index (UVI) is used to help avoid the negative effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on humans and to optimize individual exposure. There is limited ground measurement of solar UV radiation, but satellite Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMIs) satellite products with a spatial resolution of 1°× 1°can be used to create UV index climatology at local noon time. In this study, we utilize OMI satellite products collected over the campus of King Abdulaziz University (KAU) (21.5°North and 39.1°East), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, to estimate changes in exposure to UV over a period of 15 years (2004-2020). The results indicate a significantly increasing trend in UV index over this period. Between 2004 and 2020, daily "extreme" UV (UVI > 11, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO)) occurred on 46.60% of days. The frequency of low UVI (UVI < 2) was only about 0.06%. These results imply dangerous exposure levels to solar UV radiation on the KAU campus and call for safety measures to increase awareness and decrease direct exposure; for example, by implementing the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) general guidelines.