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Museums and disability

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The study of museums and disability examines the accessibility, representation, and inclusion of individuals with disabilities within museum spaces and practices. It explores how museums can accommodate diverse audiences, promote equitable participation, and challenge societal perceptions of disability through their exhibitions, programs, and institutional policies.
lightbulbAbout this topic
The study of museums and disability examines the accessibility, representation, and inclusion of individuals with disabilities within museum spaces and practices. It explores how museums can accommodate diverse audiences, promote equitable participation, and challenge societal perceptions of disability through their exhibitions, programs, and institutional policies.

Key research themes

1. How do museums legally accommodate physical disabilities in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and develop inclusive programs beyond physical access?

This research theme centers on the legal framework established by the ADA and its amendments, focusing on how museums implement mandated physical accessibility and reasonable accommodations. It also explores beyond legal compliance to programmatic inclusivity for visitors with disabilities, emphasizing case studies from major institutions that illustrate how museums design activities and services to engage disabled audiences effectively.

Key finding: This paper systematically analyzes the ADA’s five Titles and their specific provisions impacting museums, especially Title III, which mandates accessibility and reasonable modifications in public accommodations. It presents... Read more
Key finding: This essay traces the historical development of disability rights in the U.S. and UK and connects it to evolving museum practices, highlighting the shift from minimal legal compliance to embracing universal design principles.... Read more
Key finding: Although this report focuses on Australian museums, it provides a comprehensive assessment of disability access policies in museums, emphasizing the need for systemic changes in physical and programmatic accessibility aligned... Read more

2. What are effective museum strategies and practices for engaging and including visitors with sensory and cognitive disabilities through participatory and technological approaches?

This theme investigates how museums can foster visitor-centered, inclusive experiences for individuals with sensory impairments and cognitive disabilities by leveraging participatory research, inclusive program design, and emerging technologies such as augmented reality (AR). Methods include collaborative storytelling, co-creation approaches, and designing assistive technology with end-user participation to enhance accessibility and engagement.

Key finding: The qualitative case study demonstrates that collaborative artmaking combined with interviews and observations can effectively incorporate adults with developmental disabilities along with their caregivers and museum staff in... Read more
Key finding: Through a systematized literature review, this paper identifies that assistive technologies developed for museum use by people with sensory impairments and learning disabilities must embed participation at multiple... Read more
Key finding: This research review finds that augmented reality (AR) technologies have promising affordances to support inclusive museum experiences for people with sensory and cognitive disabilities by overlaying multimodal information... Read more

3. How do museums develop multisensory and inclusive practices for visitors with visual and hearing impairments to enhance aesthetic, social, and educational experiences?

This theme explores museum approaches tailored to visitors who are blind, partially sighted, or d/Deaf, focusing on multisensory access strategies, language and communication accommodations, and the socio-cultural dimensions of disability identity. It examines how museums create affective aesthetic experiences beyond visual dependence, utilize sign language and Deaf-led tours for engagement, and negotiate cultural inclusion through educational and participatory programming.

Key finding: This study of a tour designed for blind and partially sighted people at the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum highlights that aesthetic access must go beyond conventional physical and communicative accommodations (e.g. replicas,... Read more
Key finding: The article presents a case study on tours for d/Deaf audiences conducted in sign language led by Deaf tour guides, showing that sign language use is central to effective engagement. It emphasizes the importance of cultural... Read more
Key finding: Through a case study involving multisensory educational materials that allowed people with visual impairments to ‘see’ three artworks by touch and other senses, this paper evidences that people with visual impairments... Read more

All papers in Museums and disability

The chapter reflects on the issue of representation of disability in museums, drawing from the topics discussed at the international meeting "Representing Disability in Museums, Imaginary and Identities" (2017). Future issues about the... more
3 Resumo A presente dissertação tem como objectivo melhorar o acesso das pessoas com deficiência visual aos museus com colecções de artes visuais. Pretende-se contribuir para a diminuição da exclusão social e o aumento do acesso ao... more
This article aims to reflect on the impact of social inclusion of people with visual impairments in today’s art museums; what new approaches are being introduced? What developments are occurring in the relationship between the museum and... more
This e-book brings together a number of presentations submitted at the international meeting Representing Disability in Museums, Imaginary and Identities, promoted by the Transdisciplinary Research Centre Culture, Space and Memory... more
A importância do ensino da arte a pessoas com deficiência visual pretende sublinhar o seu valor no que concerne à promoção de crescimentos individuais, dada a função activa que exerce na produção do conhecimento. Negar o seu acesso às... more
This essay will explore the history and theory of physical disabilities and their interactions with museums, within the theme of culture and identity. Further, it will be from the context of how people with disabilities have accessed... more
ES. El Museo/Laboratorio de Historia de la Educación “Manuel Bartolomé Cossío” de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, desde el pasado curso académico colabora activamente con una asociación que trabaja con personas con un Trastorno del... more
In this volume, we will examine the kinds of human experiences and interactions that have converted the once sterile museum to a space of enlivenment and enrichment; experiences, furthermore, that take place most constructively in museum... more
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