Mechanical Eng

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The decision on sequencing of operations, tool travel and machining time calculations is done in microplanning. After a set of processes has been selected for all the features of part, the sequencing task begins by searching and analysing relationship between features. This is done by rule to detect geometrical interactions and the appropriate precedence relationship in knowledge base. For deciding sequence of operations precedence relationship among the different operations is developed using decision rules. CNC program is generated based on the process plan of a given component. The generated CNC program is then validated by simulation software before giving it to CNC machine.

The article presents a kinematic analysis of a ten-link gear-lever differential transmission mechanism (GLDTM) consisting of a lever contour antipalallelogram, which transmits rotational motion and torque from the drive shaft to the drive shaft for machines with symmetrically driven roller centers. The kinematic analysis of the mechanism is carried out in order to determine the angular and linear speeds and accelerations of the links of the mechanism, depending on the angular speed of the driving link (gear) and the linear speed and acceleration of the center of rotation of the free working shaft. The kinematic analysis was carried out according to the centroid theory by the method of the instantaneous center of rotation of the links.

At a high frequency of vibration; the cam of a vibrator always encounters the issue of jamming or the follower rolling off or losing contact with the cam when the appropriate design is not carried out. This study, therefore, developed the shape of the cam profile of mechanical yam vibrator using cycloid motion in the South. Displacement equations from the base circle to the cam profile were developed to obtain the shape of the cam using cycloid motion. A vibrometer was used to evaluate the developed 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm cam sizes installed in a mechanical yam vibrator. The maximum displacement recorded for 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm cam sizes were 4.47 mm, 8.71 mm, and 14.54 mm respectively for low (1 – 5 Hz) frequency; 4.58 mm, 8.84 mm and 16.34 mm respectively for medium (60 – 100 Hz) frequency; and 4.66 mm, 9.09 mm and 17.30 mm respectively for high (150 – 200 Hz) frequency. This study shows that a cycloid cam would operate smoothly at low, medium, and high frequencies of vibration ...

Optimization of parameters of central gears of a planetary gearbox was performed in this study. Since the optimization of multi-performance characteristics is more complex compared to optimization of a single-performance characteristics, the Taguchi-Grey analysis was used. That approach combines the Taguchi orthogonal array L27 with the Grey relational analysis to determine the influence of the material, module and gear width on the safety coefficient of the planetary gearbox. A Grey relational grade obtained from the Grey relational analysis is used as the performance characteristics in the Taguchi method and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal combination of parameters for the safety coefficient values was obtained, when the value of the Grey relational grade is 1. Based on the ANOVA analysis, it was established that the most influential parameter is the module, then the gear width and the least influential one is the material.

This paper presents a wear process analysis of piston-cylinder set in internal combustion engines.Piston mechanism is a very important factor in the proper lubrication of the engine, but also a potential cause of increased consumption of oil. There are very important kinematic tribological properties of piston mechanisms in this regard. From the point of reliability and functionality, critical parts of this circuit are the piston rings. Wear is most pronounced in the first piston ring, since it is exposed to the highest pressure and temperature, as well as the direct impact of fuel and combustion products. The intensity of wear of piston cylinder set depends on many factors, but the most influential ones are: construction, materials used for the production of the parts of this assembly, production technology and conditions of use. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 02 Mart 2016 Accepted 24 Mart 2016 Available online 30 June 2016

The currently used method to calculate radius of curvature of a cylindrical cam's planar expansion pitch curve produces errors. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find an accurate method for cylindrical cam design. This research utilizes the three-dimensional expansion curve coordinates of the follower's motion track and establishes the planar expansion pitch curve equation with the consideration of deviation angle, which can be easily used to analyze and design an oscillating follower cylindrical cam. The deduced equation of radius of curvature is based on motion law of the mechanism and prime cylinder radius of the cam. The relation curve between minimum radius of curvature and prime cylinder radius, which takes into consideration that planar expansion pitch curve varies with prime cylinder radius in the event of certain motion law, is described by MATLAB, and specific minimum radius of prime cylinder is generated for each allowable radius of curvature according to the relation curve. Thus, geometric parameters of a cylindrical cam can be designed. The feasibility of our methodology is validated with a specific example.

The currently used method to calculate radius of curvature of a cylindrical cam’s planar expansion pitch curve produces errors. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find an accurate method for cylindrical cam design. This research utilizes the three-dimensional expansion curve coordinates of the follower’s motion track and establishes the planar expansion pitch curve equation with the consideration of deviation angle, which can be easily used to analyze and design an oscillating follower cylindrical cam. The deduced equation of radius of curvature is based on motion law of the mechanism and prime cylinder radius of the cam. The relation curve between minimum radius of curvature and prime cylinder radius, which takes into consideration that planar expansion pitch curve varies with prime cylinder radius in the event of certain motion law, is described by MATLAB, and specific minimum radius of prime cylinder is generated for each allowable radius of curvature according to the relation...

In a recent growing world, energy requisition is continuous increase at a same time one of challenging work is improve the efficiency of existing machine with available energy sources. Even development with new technology in internal combustion en gine does not create much more effect with overall efficiency. Replacement of existing internal combustion engine is also not an effective way, as production of new engine or new machine directly or indirectly consume traditional energy source and, create environment issu e. Natural air inspire engine has used atmospheric air which contain 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. For effective combustion more oxygen required which is limited with atmospheric air. This paper provides literature review on analysis of engine performance and emission parameter with excessive oxygen with different method to enrichment. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I. INTRO DUCTION At present, one o...

The article presents a kinematic analysis of a ten-link gear-lever differential transmission mechanism (GLDTM) consisting of a lever contour antipalallelogram, which transmits rotational motion and torque from the drive shaft to the drive shaft for machines with symmetrically driven roller centers. The kinematic analysis of the mechanism is carried out in order to determine the angular and linear speeds and accelerations of the links of the mechanism, depending on the angular speed of the driving link (gear) and the linear speed and acceleration of the center of rotation of the free working shaft. The kinematic analysis was carried out according to the centroid theory by the method of the instantaneous center of rotation of the links.

Optimization of parameters of central gears of a planetary gearbox was performed in this study. Since the optimization of multi-performance characteristics is more complex compared to optimization of a single-performance characteristics, the Taguchi-Grey analysis was used. That approach combines the Taguchi orthogonal array L27 with the Grey relational analysis to determine the influence of the material, module and gear width on the safety coefficient of the planetary gearbox. A Grey relational grade obtained from the Grey relational analysis is used as the performance characteristics in the Taguchi method and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal combination of parameters for the safety coefficient values was obtained, when the value of the Grey relational grade is 1. Based on the ANOVA analysis, it was established that the most influential parameter is the module, then the gear width and the least influential one is the material.

Optimization of parameters of central gears of a planetary gearbox was performed in this study. Since the optimization of multi-performance characteristics is more complex compared to optimization of a single-performance characteristics, the Taguchi-Grey analysis was used. That approach combines the Taguchi orthogonal array L27 with the Grey relational analysis to determine the influence of the material, module and gear width on the safety coefficient of the planetary gearbox. A Grey relational grade obtained from the Grey relational analysis is used as the performance characteristics in the Taguchi method and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal combination of parameters for the safety coefficient values was obtained, when the value of the Grey relational grade is 1. Based on the ANOVA analysis, it was established that the most influential parameter is the module, then the gear width and the least influential one is the material.

Using vehicles and other mobile systems to transport passengers and goods, approximately 25% of Europe's greenhouse gases are generated. At the same time, many research papers, published by researchers and students, promote the use of electric vehicles as zero-emission vehicles. Given that, more broadly, the emission of electric vehicles is higher, especially in countries where electricity is obtained by burning coal, the use of internal-combustion engines is still dominant. There are other reasons for using an internal-combustion engine, such as already developed pumping station infrastructure, which is not the case when recharging electric vehicles. Improvements in engine design contribute to meet the regulations relating to the fuel consumption and toxic gas emissions. This refers to the use of alternative fuels, improving the combustion process, and increasing efficiency (efficiency coefficient) by reducing losses. The research is focused on the problem of friction and wear in internal combustion engines and reciprocating air compressors, as auxiliary devices on engines. For that purpose, construction of the reciprocating air compressor in motor vehicles was redesigned. The paper presents the characteristic test results of material used to strengthen liner of the aluminum cylinder. Specifically, a method for testing the performance characteristics of a single-cylinder reciprocating compressor inside of an experimental installation for compressed air supply has also been proposed.

The main purpose of this work is to present a complete kinematic analysis of the roller motion in translating cam-follower mechanisms with translating roller followers. The main kinematic variables of the roller are the angular velocity and angular acceleration. These quantities are deduced in a general form, in such a way they can be easily used for different cam laws. Furthermore, the influence of the functioning cam-follower parameters can also be included. Finally, an example of application is offered to analyze and discuss the main procedures considered in this work.

The main purpose of this work is to present a complete kinematic analysis of the roller motion in translating cam-follower mechanisms with translating roller followers. The main kinematic variables of the roller are the angular velocity and angular acceleration. These quantities are deduced in a general form, in such a way they can be easily used for different cam laws. Furthermore, the influence of the functioning cam-follower parameters can also be included. Finally, an example of application is offered to analyze and discuss the main procedures considered in this work.

Mechanism models are introduced for rotary dobby, crank & cam shedding motions. Equations governing heald frame motion are derived. Heald frame motion curves are obtained and compared with each other. It is shown that higher heald frame maximum velocity & maximum acceleration, as well as a longer approximate heald frame dwell, are generated by the rotary dobby rather than the crank or cam shedding motions, due to the intermittent nature of the rotary dobby shaft's motion.

This article presents the automation of elliptical trammel mechanism by applying rack and pinion and DC Motor arrangement on the rod of the trammel which moves on the channel. The power supply is done by batteries and the entire system is carried out to have its operation by making ellipses of varying sizes. Moreover, a compass system attached at the end of the pinion makes it easy to fix and remove the cutting tools of every kind. Equations relating the position of two sliders with the position of drawing or cutting element provided at the end of connecting rod are derived. The results are experimentally verified by fabricating an elliptical trammel and drawing ellipses from it. The sliders of the mechanism move perpendicular to each other and the drawing or cutting element produces the ellipse on the required surface and of the required major and minor axes which in turn provides a very convenient mechanism for cutting out elliptical pieces of whatever sizes out of any kind of mat...

A novel rotary table based on the spherical gear and ring involute rack is presented in this paper. Firstly, the generating spherical gear is analyzed and when the teeth of the spherical reach the extremely large value, this spherical transform to the ring rack. And then, the position of the work table is determined by analyzing kinematics of the mechanism based on spherical gear and ring-rack.

The gearing with changing transmission gear ratio are used as synchronization component and for specific parameters. The gearing with changing transmission gear ratio is used in the practice, even though the "standard" gearing with constant transmission gear ratio are used more often. This article describes how to optimize the design of pitch curves of non-circular gear for given parameters. The non-circular gearing is consisting of two identical gear wheels. For a nonstandard gearing was applied eccentric elliptical gear drive with continuously changing transmission gear ratio. The kinematic properties of this gearing are different from the properties of standard circular gears-spur gear. Thus, the gear ratio changes over the time of one revolution. The article is devoted to problems determining of the stress in a dangerous section of tooth foot using FEM.

Optimization of parameters of central gears of a planetary gearbox was performed in this study. Since the optimization of multi-performance characteristics is more complex compared to optimization of a single-performance characteristics, the Taguchi-Grey analysis was used. That approach combines the Taguchi orthogonal array L27 with the Grey relational analysis to determine the influence of the material, module and gear width on the safety coefficient of the planetary gearbox. A Grey relational grade obtained from the Grey relational analysis is used as the performance characteristics in the Taguchi method and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal combination of parameters for the safety coefficient values was obtained, when the value of the Grey relational grade is 1. Based on the ANOVA analysis, it was established that the most influential parameter is the module, then the gear width and the least influential one is the material.

Numerical analysis of contact stresses at rotational elements of gerotor pumps with fixed position of shafts axis and with driving rotor acting as internal element, is presented in this paper. The basic characteristics and principles of functioning of this type of pumps are explained and review of researches in the area of numerical methods and developments and design optimizations of those pumps are presented. The basic assumptions, limitation and input values are defined in order to determine maximal stresses, numerical analysis of contact stresses, which are caused by transmitting of torque from internal to external gear. The obtained results of research contact stresses by numerical and analytical method are graphical presentations. The comparisons of results for better understanding of its deviations also were performed. ARTICLE HISTORY Received: 03 February 2016 Accepted: 17 February 2016 Available online: 30 june 2016

At a high frequency of vibration; the cam of a vibrator always encounters the issue of jamming or the follower rolling off or losing contact with the cam when the appropriate design is not carried out. This study, therefore, developed the shape of the cam profile of mechanical yam vibrator using cycloid motion in the South. Displacement equations from the base circle to the cam profile were developed to obtain the shape of the cam using cycloid motion. A vibrometer was used to evaluate the developed 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm cam sizes installed in a mechanical yam vibrator. The maximum displacement recorded for 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm cam sizes were 4.47 mm, 8.71 mm, and 14.54 mm respectively for low (1-5 Hz) frequency; 4.58 mm, 8.84 mm and 16.34 mm respectively for medium (60-100 Hz) frequency; and 4.66 mm, 9.09 mm and 17.30 mm respectively for high (150-200 Hz) frequency. This study shows that a cycloid cam would operate smoothly at low, medium, and high frequencies of vibration and function properly for frequency and displacement of vibration up to 200 Hz and 20 mm respectively without jamming and failing. A cycloid cam is therefore recommended for low, medium, and high frequencies motion of vibration.

Grant:. VEGA 1/0515/13 Název grantu: Draft design layout and architecture of intelligent implants Oborové zaměření: JR Other machinery industry © GRANT Journal, MAGNANIMITAS Assn. Abstrakt The harmonic toothed gear transmissions undoubtedly are a prospective technology. It is about spur gearing where the meshing is achieved by the flexible deformation of one of the wheels. As a result of this deformation the shape of the flexible wheel changes from its original state resulting in incorrect meshing with the teeth of the opposite profile wheel. The deformation of the shape of the flexible wheel is the result of collision and interference, as well as the contact rate, occurring during the meshing of the flexible wheel with the rigid one. This effects the wearing, and results in an increase in the overall damage and consequently the lifespan of the harmonic gears. That is the reason for the teeth of the rigid wheel to be of an enveloping line of flexible cogs.

At a high frequency of vibration; the cam of a vibrator always encounters the issue of jamming or the follower rolling off or losing contact with the cam when the appropriate design is not carried out. This study, therefore, developed the shape of the cam profile of mechanical yam vibrator using cycloid motion in the South. Displacement equations from the base circle to the cam profile were developed to obtain the shape of the cam using cycloid motion. A vibrometer was used to evaluate the developed 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm cam sizes installed in a mechanical yam vibrator. The maximum displacement recorded for 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm cam sizes were 4.47 mm, 8.71 mm, and 14.54 mm respectively for low (1 – 5 Hz) frequency; 4.58 mm, 8.84 mm and 16.34 mm respectively for medium (60 – 100 Hz) frequency; and 4.66 mm, 9.09 mm and 17.30 mm respectively for high (150 – 200 Hz) frequency. This study shows that a cycloid cam would operate smoothly at low, medium, and high frequencies of vibration ...

The Development of mini conveyor using Genva Mechanisms described in this project is designed primarily to carry one person according to the specifications of the client. The development of mini conveyor using Genva Mechanisms is moved by an battery powered machine that drives hardened steel traction sheave over which the ropes are suspended. It has advantages is one part travel to another side . They used in all conveyor belt . Geneva mechanism is a method to transform continuous circular motion into intermittent/fixed step circular motion i.e. a circular motion produced in equal intervals of time and resulting in the same displacement. The name “Geneva” is derived from Geneva, Switzserland where in its earliest days the device was used in mechanical watch making. The Geneva drive is also called a Maltese cross mechanism due to their visual similarity. A conveyer belt is basically a linear belt usually made up of rubber or plastic compounds (of high strength) combined with one or more layers of fabrics such as nylon, polyester, neoprene, or nitrile. It has a basic function of transporting material from one point to another. A simple Geneva mechanism consists of a drive wheel (connected to motor) and a driven wheel (connected to belt pulleys ). The drive wheel is a disk with a pin or a shaft near its circumference. The driven wheel consists of several slots. The drive wheel is kept next to the driven wheel in such a way that when the drive wheel is rotated, the pin or shaft fits inside the slot of driven wheel. As it reaches the inner most point of the slot, the pin exerts a force on the driven wheel. As the driven wheel is pivoted from the center, a moments produced which causes the generation of a torque, leading to the rotation of the driven wheel and the pulley attached to it. Hence, there is an intermittent circular motion in them resulting in the movement of the belt. There are several types of Geneva rotator such as external Geneva rotator, internal Geneva rotator and spherical Geneva rotator. The mechanism that I will be using for the conveyer belt is of an External Geneva rotator in which the rotating drive wheel interacts with the driven wheel externally. Keywords : Remote Sensor Network, Wireless Sensor Network Framework, WSN, Microcontroller

This article presents the automation of elliptical trammel mechanism by applying rack and pinion and DC Motor arrangement on the rod of the trammel which moves on the channel. The power supply is done by batteries and the entire system is carried out to have its operation by making ellipses of varying sizes. Moreover, a compass system attached at the end of the pinion makes it easy to fix and remove the cutting tools of every kind. Equations relating the position of two sliders with the position of drawing or cutting element provided at the end of connecting rod are derived. The results are experimentally verified by fabricating an elliptical trammel and drawing ellipses from it. The sliders of the mechanism move perpendicular to each other and the drawing or cutting element produces the ellipse on the required surface and of the required major and minor axes which in turn provides a very convenient mechanism for cutting out elliptical pieces of whatever sizes out of any kind of mat...

1Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Indore Institute of Science and Technology, Indore 2Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Shri G.S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore --------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract This paper presents studies related to engine tribology in internal combustion engine. Friction loss is the main portion of the energy consumption developed in an engine. The friction loss is made up of the friction between the piston and the cylinder walls, piston rings and the cylinder wall, and between the crankshaft and camshaft and their bearings, as well as by the loss incurred by driving the essential accessories, such as the water pump, ignition unit etc. Lubricants are used to reduce the friction and wear and fuel consumption, increased power output of the engine, reduced oil consumption, a reduction in exhaust emissions in the...

This article deals with the synthesis of a ten-link tooth-lever differential transmission mechanism. The article contains an analytical review of modern scientific research on the synthesis of tooth-lever differential transmission mechanisms of roller machines with a variable center distance of the working shafts; a method for the synthesis of toothlever differential transmission mechanisms of roller machines with a variable center distance of the working shafts described on the example of a ten-link tooth-lever differential transmission mechanism; the conditions for the synthesis of the mechanism given and substantiated when this mechanism is used in a roller machine; one of its working shafts has the ability to rotate about its own axis, and the second working shaft, in addition to rotation about its own axis, has the ability to move relative to the first working shaft along a line passing through the center the axes of rotation of both working shafts; the geometric synthesis of t...

Introduced gearless power transmission arrangement used for skew shafts. In this transmission system no. of pins or links used must be odd..3,5,7,9…..& centers of any two pins or links hole must not be on that line which represent the diameter of the shaft. If more pins or links used motion will be smoother, but increase in no. of pins or links not at the cost of strength of the shaft. Pins or links are fixed (may be permanent of temporary) in the drilled holes at the both shaft ends due to which motion is transferred. The dimensions of the pins or links and angle for the pins are all given very precisely, holes drilled very accurately. Proposed arrangement used for skew shafts at any angle & if there is a need we can change the angle between shafts during motion or during intermittent motion with any profile of shafts having rotational motion along its own axis. The Working of this arrangement is very smooth & use very effectively with a very minimum amount of power losses.

Asignatura o submódulo: Semestre: Carrera: Periodo de la aplicación: 17/01/2023 a 17/01/2023 M3S2.Programa PLC empleados en sistemas electrónicos 4 ELECTRONICA Duración en Horas 55 Campo disciplinar de la asignatura Propósito formativo del campo disciplinar Componente Profesional El estudiante efectúa prác cas de programación básicas en simulador de plc Allen Bradley, y PLC Allen Brad ley .Emprendo Los comandos básicos mes contador del simulados LogixPro, generando sus propios programas para solución de problemas. Transversalidad con otras asignaturas SUBMÓDULO 1 Mantiene sistemas electrónicos de potencia, Inglés IV, unidad numero 1, Física I, Ecología Ámbitos del perfil de egreso en el que contribuye la asignatura Utilizando equipo de computo con software especializado Utilizando diferentes lenguajes de programación para PLC Simulando aplicaciones con software para PLC Comprobando la programación en el PLC Ampliando su conocimiento más allá de su área de trabajo inmediata

A simple model for the kinetic frictional force on an object sliding across a surface is adopted in introductory physics. Its magnitude is given by a constant coefficient of kinetic friction multiplied by the normal force exerted on the object by the surface, and the force points opposite the direction that the object slides relative to the surface. In contrast, the standard model for the static frictional force is more complicated. There is no formula for its magnitude, but instead it can vary from zero up to some maximum value, as required to keep the point of contact of the object at rest relative to the surface it is on. Furthermore, it points in the direction opposite the way in which the object would slip at its point of contact if there were zero friction, but it is not always obvious which way that is. In an attempt to bypass these complications, students can make erroneous assumptions about the magnitude and direction of the static frictional force. To counter them, it is helpful to present some example that shows students that those assumptions need not hold. Such a system is a pulled spool that rolls without slipping on a horizontal table. Since the point of contact between the spool and the table does not slip, any frictional force between them must be static.

In this study, Nano-composites have been synthesized in which PMMA is the matrix material and calcium carbonate nanoparticles as the filler by In-situ polymerization reaction. Nano-CaCO 3 added during polymerization and the quantity of nano-CaCO 3 varied as 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 wt. % of monomer quantity. The Nano-composites were prepared at three distinct stirring speeds 600, 800, 1000 rpm in order to observe the property with respect to stirring speeds. XRD gram depicts that the presence of nano-CaCO 3 has given crystalline nature to Nano-composites. The effects of different concentrations of nano-CaCO 3 loading on PMMA morphology were studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical property is increasing with the stirring speed and concentration. Relative to neat PMMA a 62% increase in impact strength were observed in PMMA based Nano-composites using 0.6 wt.% nano-CaCO 3 .

PMMA/CaCO 3 nanocomposites have been fabricated by in-situ polymerization. The influence of concentration and stirring speed on tensile strength have been studied. The experimental results were optimized using Taguchi's approach. L9 Orthogonal arrays of Taguchi, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) are employed to find the optimal input parameter levels and to analyze the effect of these parameters on tensile strength. Experimental results showed that tensile strength PMMA/CaCO 3 nanocomposites increased up to 53 % at 0.6 wt. % CaCO 3 and 1000 rpm in comparison to corresponding pure PMMA. The experimental results and various statistical approaches namely, Taguchi methods, Conceptual S/N ratio and drew similar conclusions. The ANOVA analysis showed that speed is more dominant in comparison to concentration.

A translating cam driven by an offset slider-crank mechanism has varying velocity, and the follower motion can be arbitrarily chosen for only the forward or the return stroke of the translating cam. By employing the concept of velocity instant center, the cam profile, the path of cutter, the pressure angle and the radius of curvature of the cam can be expressed parametrically, and the follower motion of the remaining stroke can be analyzed analytically. The cam profile has concave, convex and flat portions.

At a high frequency of vibration; the cam of a vibrator always encounters the issue of jamming or the follower rolling off or losing contact with the cam when the appropriate design is not carried out. This study, therefore, developed the shape of the cam profile of mechanical yam vibrator using cycloid motion in the South. Displacement equations from the base circle to the cam profile were developed to obtain the shape of the cam using cycloid motion. A vibrometer was used to evaluate the developed 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm cam sizes installed in a mechanical yam vibrator. The maximum displacement recorded for 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm cam sizes were 4.47 mm, 8.71 mm, and 14.54 mm respectively for low (1 – 5 Hz) frequency; 4.58 mm, 8.84 mm and 16.34 mm respectively for medium (60 – 100 Hz) frequency; and 4.66 mm, 9.09 mm and 17.30 mm respectively for high (150 – 200 Hz) frequency. This study shows that a cycloid cam would operate smoothly at low, medium, and high frequencies of vibration ...

In scope of this study, main parameters of cam profile are determined. Also, their effects on cam performance are examined starting with valve lift, velocity, acceleration curve. In order to be seen clearly cam behavior and obtain to needed smooth curve thanks to less jerk of cam follower, different valve lifts are calculated but more importantly one of the most critical design criteria on cam profile, acceleration jump as undesired influence, is investigated how to reduce & avoid. Primarily, relations related base circle & nose radius of cam profile, maximum lift of cam follower, lift angle of cam follower and acceleration jump are considered in terms of minimum acceleration jump, continuous contact, valve spring force & contact force-stress. Especially, determination of right valve spring stiffness is significant & affects other main parameters so it is plotted graphs of sudden acceleration change and described how it should be analyzed by analytical & using Matlab. .

Introduced gearless power transmission arrangement used for skew shafts. In this transmission system no. of pins or links used must be odd..3,5,7,9…..& centers of any two pins or links hole must not be on that line which represent the diameter of the shaft. If more pins or links used motion will be smoother, but increase in no. of pins or links not at the cost of strength of the shaft. Pins or links are fixed (may be permanent of temporary) in the drilled holes at the both shaft ends due to which motion is transferred. The dimensions of the pins or links and angle for the pins are all given very precisely, holes drilled very accurately. Proposed arrangement used for skew shafts at any angle & if there is a need we can change the angle between shafts during motion or during intermittent motion with any profile of shafts having rotational motion along its own axis. The Working of this arrangement is very smooth & use very effectively with a very minimum amount of power losses.

Numerical analysis of contact stresses at rotational elements of gerotor pumps with fixed position of shafts axis and with driving rotor acting as internal element, is presented in this paper. The basic characteristics and principles of functioning of this type of pumps are explained and review of researches in the area of numerical methods and developments and design optimizations of those pumps are presented. The basic assumptions, limitation and input values are defined in order to determine maximal stresses, numerical analysis of contact stresses, which are caused by transmitting of torque from internal to external gear. The obtained results of research contact stresses by numerical and analytical method are graphical presentations. The comparisons of results for better understanding of its deviations also were performed. ARTICLE HISTORY Received: 03 February 2016 Accepted: 17 February 2016 Available online: 30 june 2016

To study various types of kinematics links, pairs, chains & Mechanisms. 3-7 2 To study inversions of 4 Bar Mechanisms, Single & double slider crank mechanisms. 8-10 3 To study various types of steering mechanisms. 11-13 4 To determine the Coriolli's Component of Acceleration at various speeds of rotation and water flow rates 14-17 5 To study the pressure profile of lubricating oil at various conditions of load and speed (i) To measure the frictional torque & power transmitted. (ii) To plot the Cartesian pressure curve. 18-20 6 To study the effect of varying the mass of central sleeve for Porter and Proell governors. 21-23 7 To study the effect of sleeve and height of watt governor 24-25 8 Demonstration of whirling phenomenon 26-27 Total Hours 20 2 EXPERIMENT NO.1 OBJECT :-To study various types of kinematics links, pairs, chains & Mechanisms. APPARATUS USED:-Kinematics links, pairs, chains & Mechanisms. THEORY:-A mechanism is made of a number of resistant bodies out of which some may have motions relative to the others. A resistant body or a group of resistant bodies with rigid connections preventing their relative movement is known as a link. A link also known as kinematic link or element. Examples :-A slider-crank mechanism consists of four links: frame and guides, crank connecting rod and slider, the crank link may have crankshaft and flywheel also, forming one link having no relative motion of these. CLASSIFICATIONS OF LINKS:-1. Rigid link-In this type of link there is no deformation while transmitting the motion. Motion between the piston and crank can be considered as a rigid link. 2. Flexible link-In this type of link there is partial deformation while transmitting the motion. Belt drive is an example of flexible link. 3. Fluid link-In this type of link the motion is transmitted with the help of fluid pressure. Hydraulic brake is an example of fluid link. Kinematic links are in form of :-1. Singular 3.Ternary 2.Binary 4. Quaternary KINEMATIC PAIR:-A kinematic pair or simply a pair is a joint of two links having relative motion between them.

The gearing with changing transmission gear ratio are used as synchronization component and for specific parameters. The gearing with changing transmission gear ratio is used in the practice, even though the "standard" gearing with constant transmission gear ratio are used more often. This article describes how to optimize the design of pitch curves of non-circular gear for given parameters. The non-circular gearing is consisting of two identical gear wheels. For a nonstandard gearing was applied eccentric elliptical gear drive with continuously changing transmission gear ratio. The kinematic properties of this gearing are different from the properties of standard circular gears-spur gear. Thus, the gear ratio changes over the time of one revolution. The article is devoted to problems determining of the stress in a dangerous section of tooth foot using FEM.

At a high frequency of vibration; the cam of a vibrator always encounters the issue of jamming or the follower rolling off or losing contact with the cam when the appropriate design is not carried out. This study, therefore, developed the shape of the cam profile of mechanical yam vibrator using cycloid motion in the South. Displacement equations from the base circle to the cam profile were developed to obtain the shape of the cam using cycloid motion. A vibrometer was used to evaluate the developed 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm cam sizes installed in a mechanical yam vibrator. The maximum displacement recorded for 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm cam sizes were 4.47 mm, 8.71 mm, and 14.54 mm respectively for low (1 – 5 Hz) frequency; 4.58 mm, 8.84 mm and 16.34 mm respectively for medium (60 – 100 Hz) frequency; and 4.66 mm, 9.09 mm and 17.30 mm respectively for high (150 – 200 Hz) frequency. This study shows that a cycloid cam would operate smoothly at low, medium, and high frequencies of vibration ...

Numerical analysis of contact stresses at rotational elements of gerotor pumps with fixed position of shafts axis and with driving rotor acting as internal element, is presented in this paper. The basic characteristics and principles of functioning of this type of pumps are explained and review of researches in the area of numerical methods and developments and design optimizations of those pumps are presented. The basic assumptions, limitation and input values are defined in order to determine maximal stresses, numerical analysis of contact stresses, which are caused by transmitting of torque from internal to external gear. The obtained results of research contact stresses by numerical and analytical method are graphical presentations. The comparisons of results for better understanding of its deviations also were performed. ARTICLE HISTORY Received: 03 February 2016 Accepted: 17 February 2016 Available online: 30 june 2016

Quick Return Mechanisms (QRMs) are one of the essential accessories used in machine tools which involve reciprocating cutting action with a quick return stroke and a constant angular velocity of driving crank. The aim of this work was to simulate, design and construct a prototype of a QRM that can be used for demonstration and instrumentation. The QRM was simulated using Solidworks and a prototype was developed from the simulated results. The experiment was conducted using the prototype. The kinematic simulation of the Solidworks model was compared with the kinematics of motion of the prototype. The result showed that the Percentage Stroke Length error was 0.36%. It was observed that, there was no significant difference in the simulated and experimental results, hence, the prototype can be used for demonstration and experimentation to assist students in understanding basic principles of the machine operation.

The cycloid planetary gear reducers are widely applied in automation machinery. Even having the advantages of high gear ratio, multiple contact tooth pairs and shock absorbing ability, how to enlarge the power density of the drives is still the essential development work today. To this end, the concept of tooth number difference of two is proposed. The aim of the paper is to analyze systematically the loaded contact characteristic of such the cycloid planetary gear drives so as to evaluate the feasibility. A set of essential equations for the cycloid profile, the tooth contact and the specific sliding of the cycloid stage are at first derived in the paper. A loaded tooth contact analysis approach is extended from a developed model based on the influence coefficient method. The influences of the design parameters on the contact characteristics are systematically analyzed with an example. These results are also compared with the conventional drive having tooth number difference of one. The analysis results show that the proposed concept with a larger eccentricity and a smaller pin radius can not only effectively enlarge the contact ratio, but also reduce the specific sliding, the shared loads and the contact stress. Although the radial portion of the bearing load can be also reduced accordingly, the total periodical time-variant bearing load can not be reduced effectively by using the concept of tooth number difference of two.

This paper presents a wear process analysis of piston-cylinder set in internal combustion engines.Piston mechanism is a very important factor in the proper lubrication of the engine, but also a potential cause of increased consumption of oil. There are very important kinematic tribological properties of piston mechanisms in this regard. From the point of reliability and functionality, critical parts of this circuit are the piston rings. Wear is most pronounced in the first piston ring, since it is exposed to the highest pressure and temperature, as well as the direct impact of fuel and combustion products. The intensity of wear of piston cylinder set depends on many factors, but the most influential ones are: construction, materials used for the production of the parts of this assembly, production technology and conditions of use. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 02 Mart 2016 Accepted 24 Mart 2016 Available online 30 June 2016

The introductory part presents the view of some other authors in connection with the subject matter of the present paper. It points out to the fact that there is only one approximate method of synthesis of single-disk cams with two oscillating roller followers known so far. This method produces a mechanism which, in certain positions, wobbles at the joint between the double roller follower and its cam. This paper demonstrates the possibility of achieving an exact synthesis for such mechanisms. It also infers the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a single-disk cam with two oscillating rigidly connected roller followers. Starting from these conditions, the laws of motion that can be achieved are being discussed.

Demiryolu araclarinda vagon titresimleri onemli parametredir. Vagon titresimleri direkt olarak yolcu konforunu etkiler. Bundan dolayi demiryolu araclarinda farkli bojiler kullanilir. Bojiler icerisinde vagon titresimlerini etkileyen sonum ve yay elemani bulundurur. Bu calismada trenin gercek parametreleri alinmistir ve sonlu elemanlar yontemiyle analiz yapilmistir. Calismanin sonuclari ve elde edilen titresimler karsilastirilmali olarak grafiklerle verilmistir.