Mathematical Games

Education is a pivotal component of human capital development. However, barriers to human capital development exist, particularly in the education sector of Akwa Ibom State. This necessitated the study to assess the barriers to human capital development in education sector of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Using Becker's Human Capital Theory (1964) to guide the study, three (3) objectives and research questions were formulated. The descriptive survey design, involving the Focus Group Discussion and In-depth interviews aided the collection of primary data. The purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 285 respondents. The data obtained were analysed in themes. The results revealed that insufficient funding limits access to quality teachers, learning materials, and infrastructure, leading to overcrowded classrooms and high dropout rates. Infrastructure deficiencies, such as inadequate classrooms, poor sanitation, and lack of electricity, further weaken the learning environment. High poverty exacerbates these challenges, as many families cannot afford school expenses, forcing children into labour or early marriages. Malnutrition also affects concentration and learning outcomes. These factors collectively hinder human capital development by reducing educational attainment and limiting future economic opportunities. The study recommended that government should be committed to allocate a substantial and consistent portion of the budget to education. Also, a diversified plan is needed for the government to improve the academic outcomes of students living in poverty, and this needed to be focusing on addressing issues related to both the social and educational needs of the students for a better society.

Mathematical games are widely used in primary school classrooms, yet the activities that are labelled as "games" vary considerably in their structure, cognitive demands, and potential to support student reasoning. This conceptual paper offers a typology that distinguishes between pseudo-games, superficial games, gamification, and instructionally rich games. Drawing on examples from classroom practice and research literature, we argue that the presence of choice alone does not define a pedagogically effective game. Instead, instructional value depends on the nature of the choices available and their alignment with key mathematical ideas. We propose three design principles that characterise instructionally rich games, with particular emphasis on the role of strategic reasoning, embedded representations, and opportunities for students to make meaningful mathematical connections. This framework is intended to support teachers, researchers, and designers in critically evaluating and developing mathematical games that move beyond surface-level engagement to promote deep, conceptually grounded learning.

This study was designed to determine the students' achievement in Physics in secondary schools through the care of equipment, using demonstration and enhanced lecture methods in Nsit-Ubium, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Pretest-posttest non-equivalent quasi-experimental group design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted of all 2426 students of 2023/2024 academic session in the 12 coeducational public secondary schools in the area of study. The study sample comprised 87 Physics students drawn from two SS2 intact classes of two selected secondary schools using a simple random sampling technique. One instrument and two treatment packages (one for the demonstration group and the other for the enhanced lecture group) were used to gather data for the study. The instruments were subjected to face validation. The reliability of the instrument was established using test-retest method and subjected to the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. A reliability coefficient of 0.75 was obtained for the instrument. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test statistics. Results of the study revealed that students taught the concept of electricity using demonstration teaching method with knowledge of laboratory care performed significantly better than those taught using an enhanced lecture teaching method. Findings also revealed a significant influence/interaction effect of gender and instructional strategies on students' academic performance in the concept of electricity in Physics. The researcher, therefore, concluded that using the demonstration method to teach the concept of electricity would help to enhance students' academic performance. The researcher therefore recommends that Physics teachers should make effective use of the demonstration teaching method in teaching concepts in physics.

An integer-based mathematical game was the main subject of the study. The aim of this study was to analyse the mathematical content of the game which was developed by a fourth-grade student called Esin, and to examine the intuitive learning that develops through this game. The game was based on the addition of the positive or negative numbers won in each round. The integer is regarded as an abstract topic and is taught in secondary school. It is also regarded as a topic that students have difficulty in learning. However, in the case examined by this research, a fourth grader created an integer addition game using her own intuitive understandings and played it with three of her friends. This research was a case study focusing on the analysis of the game. The study group of the research was Esin and her three friends who played the game. Data was gathered in two stages. In the first stage Esin played the game with researchers and in the second stage Esin and her friends played the game together. All the games were recorded, and the observation form was used to record data. Descriptive analysis, which consists of two codes (cardinal or ordinal meaning), was carried out in data analysis. As a result of the study, it was seen that, Esin had defined negative and positive numbers over the idea of win / lose. Students were able to use both the cardinal and ordinal meanings of the number while playing the game. Cardinal meaning was usually established through the neutralization relation. Ordinal meaning was mostly used over positioning the number relative to zero. This research contributes to the literature on students' learning of integers at an early age.

Mass illiteracy is a major problem in most third world countries; hence most governments encourage adult education. Nigeria is a third world country where a high proportion of the adult populations are illiterates. Teacher variables like qualification, age, experience and teacher-learners ratio affect the academic performance of the adult learners. Hence, this study investigated the extent to which these variables correlated with adult learners academic performance in the part-time sub-degree programme of the University of Ibadan in Nigeria between 1997/98 and 1999/2002 academic sessions. It is a descriptive survey research, which was conducted under the ex post facto research design. The simple random sampling technique was used to select one of the seven departments, which participated in the parttime sub-degree programmes within the period of the study. The four research hypotheses, which guided the study, were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Findings reveal that all the independent variables (i.e. teacher's qualification, age, experience and teacher-learners ratio) had significant and positive relationship with adult learners' academic performance. The implication of these findings is that the management of the part-time sub-degree programmes should take cognizance of these factors while allocating courses to lecturers. The paper advocates for team teaching of courses so that the less experienced lecturers can gain more teaching skills and knowledge from the more experienced ones.

The systemic thrust of this education centered on the liberal arts modality and not the sciences. This system of education was formulated to serve the colonial interest which was at the center of colonial policy formulation whereas the interest of Nigeria atrophied at the periphery. This arrangement has not worked well for Nigeria. Presently, Nigerian education is in crisis. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial periods of the evolution of the Nigerian educational framework. The study further sought to understand what was behind the crisis in Nigerian education so as to make recommendations for a different way forward. To find a way forward, a paradigm shift from the status quo is needed. This study used the qualitative methodology. Purposeful and random sampling methods were used to gather data. At the heart of the study was the work of a focus group that discussed and answered a set of questions related to the study. In all, four groups in Nigeria participated in the study. The study found that there was a relationship between the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial periods of the evolution of the Nigerian educational framework. The study also showed that, embedded within the educational system inherited at independence, were cultural and other values that have created a dissonance in the Nigerian, between the centeredness of his African roots, and, the acquired Western frame of reference. The study concludes that policy formulation must actually be put in practice. It further concludes that adequate and sustained funding should be at the heart of the paradigm shift. The study recommends that Nigeria must look within Africa's rich repository of culture to harness a new way forward.

The study focused on the effect of using T-game in teaching Mathematics among 80 Grade VII Students of Tabok National High School in the Mandaue City Division, Tabok Mandaue City for the 2014-2015 school year. Specifically, it looked into the pre-posttest level of performance among the control group: students taught using the mandated Learner's Material and the experimental group: students taught using the T-Game in teaching mathematics. Aside from the academic performance of the two groups, both groups' attitude was collected to correlate students' performance to their attitude in the learning process. Moreover, the career preferences of both groups were collected before and after the conduct of the study. It was established that the use of T-game has significant improvement on the experimental group which achieves higher scores compared to the control group. However this significant improvement was only evident in the Knowledge and Process level of assessment. It was found out that the T-game provides a positive attitude for students in learning mathematics. In effect, male students tend to consider choosing Science and Mathematics related careers. The result of the study affirms Kiili's Experiential Gaming Model from Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory. It is therefore recommended to use the T-game in teaching Mathematics. This game creates an environment of active learning and full involvement of the students in grasping the necessary competencies. Though this may apply to this institution, it is highly regarded to carefully study the correlated factors and that further related studies with a wider scope of population be pursued.

The study focused on the effect of using T-game in teaching Mathematics among 80 Grade VII Students of Tabok National High School in the Mandaue City Division, Tabok Mandaue City for the 2014-2015 school year. Specifically, it looked into the pre-posttest level of performance among the control group: students taught using the mandated Learner's Material and the experimental group: students taught using the T-Game in teaching mathematics. Aside from the academic performance of the two groups, both groups' attitude was collected to correlate students' performance to their attitude in the learning process. Moreover, the career preferences of both groups were collected before and after the conduct of the study. It was established that the use of T-game has significant improvement on the experimental group which achieves higher scores compared to the control group. However this significant improvement was only evident in the Knowledge and Process level of assessment. It was found out that the T-game provides a positive attitude for students in learning mathematics. In effect, male students tend to consider choosing Science and Mathematics related careers. The result of the study affirms Kiili's Experiential Gaming Model from Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory. It is therefore recommended to use the T-game in teaching Mathematics. This game creates an environment of active learning and full involvement of the students in grasping the necessary competencies. Though this may apply to this institution, it is highly regarded to carefully study the correlated factors and that further related studies with a wider scope of population be pursued.

In this paper we describe the contributions made by Margherita Piazzolla Beloch to the field of elementary geometric construction. In particular we examine her solution of the classical Greek problem of doubling the cube via paper folding. The solution was achieved by creating a new fold which in turn enabled Piazzolla Beloch to construct, also by paper folding, the root of any given cubic polynomial.

Martin Gardner eglence matematiginde uzmanlaşmış ABD'li popüler matematik ve popüler bilim yazarıdır. Scientific American'da 25 yıl boyunca yazdıgı "Matematiksel Oyunlar" (Mathematical Games) köşesi matematigin popülerleşmesinde, Skeptical Inquierer 'da 19 yıl sürdürdügü "Bir Kenar Gözlemcisinin Notları" (Notes of a Fringe Watcher) köşesi de sahtebilimimin ve normalötesilik iddialarının saçmalıklarının ortayaçıkarılmasındaçok etkili olmuştur. Gardner'ın sayısız makalesinin yanında 60'dan fazla kitabı vardır. Bu kitaplardan Adem ile Havva'nın Göbek Ç ukurları Var Mıydı? (Did Adam and Eve Have Navels?) Evrim yayınları tarafından; Dr. Matrix ve Gizemli Sayılar (The Magic Numbers of Dr. Matrix) kitabı Güncel Yayıncılık tarafından; Hah Buldum (Aha! Insight) kitabı da TÜBİTAK tarafından Türkçe'ye deçevrilmiştir.

This study centered on perception of teachers' motivational variables and senior secondary one students' academic achievement in Biology in Abak Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The Quasi Experimental design was used for the study. Four research questions and four corresponding hypotheses were formulated. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design. The population consisted of three thousand six hundred and twenty nine students from eleven public secondary school in Abak Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. A sample size of two hundred and twenty five students was randomly selected from the eleven public secondary schools in Abak Local Government Area. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the independent variables while data on students' academic achievement was obtained from the Biology Achievement Test (BAT); To test the hypotheses, independent t-test analysis was employed. The findings revealed that there is significant influence of teachers timely correction of students' work and use of instructional materials on students' academic achievement in Biology based on teachers' timely correction of students' work and teachers' use of instructional material. It was recommended that teachers should use motivational strategies effectively in secondary schools to enhance students' academic achievement.

Mathematical games are widely employed by primary school teachers in many countries to support mathematics instruction. Despite broad usage, teacher decision making in relation to both why they choose to use mathematical games as a pedagogical tool more generally, and which games they choose to use in their classrooms specifically, has received scant attention in the research literature. For example, although digital and non-digital games have both been shown to be effective for supporting student engagement in mathematics, little is known about educator preferences for a particular game mode (i.e., digital versus non-digital), and the factors that influence these preferences. Similarly, given the abundance of different game variations potentially available to teachers, it is valuable to have a deeper understanding of the context in which teachers might choose games of one particular structure over another (e.g., competitive games versus collaborative games). To shed light on these issues, and to assist in bridging this gap between research and practice, this lecture (and associated paper) discusses a series of studies focusing on Australian primary school teachers' use of mathematical games. Collectively, these studies have assisted us in taking initial steps towards deepening our community's understanding of this potentially powerful, and undeniably prevalent, pedagogical tool.

Although teacher education programs are offered in Nigeria by different teacher education institutions (as provided in the National Policy on Education), and varying degrees of success recorded, various problems still confront the program with far reaching consequences in Nigeria's educational system. This paper talks about the need for teacher education, student enrollment, teacher education and national development and relationship between teacher education and student enrollment in education in Nigeria.

Because many seniors choose Medicare Part D plans offering poorer coverage at greater cost, the authors examined the effect of price frames, brand names, and choice set size on participants’ ability to choose the lowest cost plan. A 2 × 2 × 2 within-subjects design was used with 126 participants aged 18 to 91 years old. Mouselab, a web-based program, allowed participants to choose drug plans across eight trials that varied using numeric or symbolic prices, real or fictitious drug plan names, and three or nine drug plan options. Results from the multilevel models suggest numeric versus symbolic prices decreased the likelihood of choosing the lowest cost plan (−8.0 percentage points, 95% confidence interval = −14.7 to −0.9). The likelihood of choosing the lowest cost plan decreased as the amount of information increased suggesting that decision cues operated independently and collectively when selecting a drug plan. Redesigning the current Medicare Part D plan decision environment cou...

Australian primary school teachers have reported that they use games frequently in teaching mathematics. In this paper, the authors discuss the game mechanics of five types of mathematical games that can be particularly powerful for supporting mathematical thinking and student engagement in mathematics.

Higher learning institutions, including universities and polytechnics around the world are increasingly focusing on e-learning (i.e., ICT-enabled education) to help boost both the quality and quantity of education that they provide. Many researchers have discussed the prospects, progress, and perils of adopting such innovations mainly from the perspectives of higher learning environments in the developed countries. Insights from the developing countries in Africa are scarce and are just beginning to surface. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the opportunities for and challenges facing the diffusion of e-learning in the Nigerian higher learning sector. It is hoped that policy makers in the country and researchers will benefit from the discourse.

The advents of internet and Globalization have brought diversified activities in all aspects of human endeavour including the classroom. The introduction of instructional technologies in the classroom has caused a lot of researches in generating innovative pedagogical strategies to improve classroom communication. This study was therefore on utilization of electronic mail and Teaching effectiveness of English Language Teachers in secondary schools in Abak Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State-Nigeria. Technology Acceptance model and Diffusion of innovative theories were also used as a foundation for the study. This study adopted the descriptive survey design. Two hypotheses were raised to direct the study. There are 76 graduate English teachers in the 15 public secondary schools in Abak Local Government Area. Simple random sampling technique of hat and draw method was used to select 68 English Language teachers for the study. Researchers developed instrument tagged "Teachers Utilization of e-mail and Teaching Effectiveness Questionnaire (TUETEQ) was used to elicit information from the respondents. The instrument was face, content and criterion validated by two experts all in the Faculty of Education, University of Uyo, Uyo. Split half strategy was done using 12 English Language Teachers in the study area that were not used for the main study. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis was used to get the r-value. This value was further treated to Spearman Brown Prophetic formular to get reliability coefficient of .83. The questionnaire copies were administered to the respondents by the researchers and the copies were collected on the spot after completion. Their responses were coded and used for analysis using ttest statistics. Results of the analysis showed a significant influence of use of e-mail and teachers attitude on teaching effectiveness of English Language. Recommendations were made to improve the teaching of English Language to include among others that teachers of English Language should adopt the use of e-mail as innovative instructional strategy and that teachers should be trained to become computer literates for easy access to e-mail and thus promoting effectiveness of teaching.

Os jogos têm despertado o interesse de investigadores no sentido de averiguar o benefício da sua prática no desenvolvimento de capacidades. Este interesse emerge, possivelmente, das caraterísticas motivadoras do jogo em geral e do facto de determinado tipo de jogos envolverem destrezas cognitivas na sua prática. Estas caraterísticas levaram-nos a serem considerados como agentes facilitadores do processo de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática. A capacidade de identificar padrões é igualmente apontada como essencial a este processo, sendo considerada uma capacidade intrínseca à atividade matemática. Neste artigo apresentar-se-ão as etapas essenciais de um estudo conduzido junto de uma amostra de alunos do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico, envolvendo o jogo do Semáforo, bem como as principais conclusões. Como resultados principais do estudo verificámos a existência de uma relação entre a força de jogo e a capacidade de identificar padrões, tendo-se verificado também uma relação entre estas v...

Um estudo realizado junto de alunos do 3.º ao 6.º ano de escolaridade permitiu verificar a existência de relação entre a força do jogador de xadrez e a capacidade de resolver problemas com padrões. Este resultado suscitou a curiosidade de verificar se essa relação se estenderia a outros jogos, como por exemplo os jogos matemáticos. Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de um estudo envolvendo alunos do Ensino Básico participantes no Campeonato Nacional de Jogos Matemáticos, bem como o contexto que o originou. Nesse estudo procurava averiguar-se a existência de relação entre a capacidade de jogar jogos matemáticos e a capacidade de resolver problemas com padrões. Como resultado principal verificámos existir uma relação para os seguintes jogos: Semáforo, Hex e Amazonas. Palavras-chave: Jogos matemáticos; padrões; Ensino Básico; xadrez; investigação correlacional; resolução de problemas. Introdução A Matemática é um ramo do conhecimento que se interessa pelo estudo das regularidades, sejam elas numéricas ou geométricas, o que lhe conferiu o título de "ciência dos padrões" (DEVLIN, 2002). Na realidade os padrões estão presentes no nosso quotidiano. Basta observarmos o meio circundante para encontrarmos os mais diversos padrões, desde o ciclo dia-noite à regularidade das nossas refeições ou ainda à geometria

Games have been triggering researcher's interest to verify whether their practice brings benefits to the development of abilities. This interest emerges, probably, from the motivating characteristics of playing in general and from the fact that certain types of games involve cognitive skills during practice. These characteristics took them to be considered facilitating agents of mathematics teaching and learning. The ability to identify patterns is equally viewed as essential to this process, as it is considered as intrinsic to mathematics activity. In this paper we will present the major steps of a study conducted within a sample of primary school students, involving the game 'Traffic Lights', as well as some results. As major results from this study, we have verified the existence of a relationship between strength of play and the ability to identify patterns. We have also verified the existence of a relationship between these variables and the grades obtained on the national exams in mathematics. We have also found that one class subjected to the game systematic practice has differed significantly from the control group.

Higher educational institutions have utilized problem-based learning (PBL) approaches over the last two decades. The approach has been found to enable educators to adopt different teaching and learning strategies. This study examined how teacher educators have adopted technology integrated PBL in teacher education. The study aimed to understand teacher educators perceptions of adopting the approach in their classrooms. Interviews were conducted with three teacher educators in Ghana. A thematic analysis was used to analyse the data from the interviews. The teacher educators believed integrating PBL into the curriculum emphasizes students learning roles to support their independent and self-directed learning. They also perceived that the PBL approach enabled them to create collaborative learning activities to interact and communicate with students, which can lead to conceptual knowledge development. The educators also indicated challenges such as a lack of beliefs and competence, inad...

Personal financial literacy (PFL) is an imperative life skill that all 21st-century students should have. Research shows that the levels of financial literacy in both developing and developed countries are very low across people of all ages. This deplorable state of affairs has negative implications on the well-being of the populace, as evidenced by increased indebtedness, lower saving, poor planning for retirement, and the making of many poor personal financial decisions. Recognizing the potential benefits of financial literacy at both individual and national levels, many countries have started to offer financial education in their schools. This article analyzed the business subjects' curriculum at secondary school level in Botswana and literature published on the subject of PFL, and found that there exists a gap in this area and a need to offer PFL to all learners in the school system. Despite the need for such a move, Botswana does not have a deliberate program in its curriculum that specifically addresses this problem. This article discusses the benefits of personal financial education, the inadequacy of current business subjects to meet this need, and concludes by recommending a mandatory PFL subject in the Botswana secondary school curriculum.

Teacher is a central factor in any educational system and the job confidence of any teacher goes a long way to boost educational benefits obtained by learners. Investigating into variables that are related to job-confidence to provide empirical information for better educational planning will be worthy effort. Hence the study investigated "Path-Analytic Study of Class, Gender, Qualification, Subject taught, Teacher-Student relationship and Teacher Job Confidence" The study adopted a Descriptive survey research method using path-analytic approach.The population for the study comprises of all the teachers in public secondary schools in the five Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ibadan metropolis in Oyo state, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling was used to select one hundred and fifty (150) teachers from each LGA making a total of seven hundred and fifty (750) teachers, teaching in all the six levels (JS1 to SS3) in secondary schools. The selection cut across various subjects...

This study is a survey aimed at ascertaining the attitude of academic staff in tertiary institutions in Imo State Nigeria towards the use of information and communications technology (ICT) in teaching. It also examines their level of use of ICT for teaching and learning purposes. The paper also compares the attitude of the faculty by gender and type of the institution they teach in, i.e. college of education, polytechnic and universities. The paper tried to ascertain if attitude of faculty to ICT correlates to actual usage in the classroom. 300 academic staff members were randomly selected from lecturers in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. A set of instrument tagged ICT attitude questionnaire and ICT use questionnaire was administered to the respondents. Data collected was analysed using descriptive, inferential and correlational statistics. Findings reveal that although academic staff have positive attitude about ICT use in instruction, they however reported low level use of ICT for instructional purposes. There is no significant difference in attitude according to gender; similarly, significant differences in attitude does not exist by type of institution among the three types of tertiary institutions. Faculty attitude was found to be positively correlated with use of ICT in curriculum. The paper concludes that academic staff should embrace innovative techniques by a favourable disposition towards them which will help boost classroom implementation of such innovations.

Os jogos têm despertado o interesse de investigadores no sentido de averiguar o benefício da sua prática no desenvolvimento de capacidades. Este interesse emerge, possivelmente, das caraterísticas motivadoras do jogo em geral e do facto de determinado tipo de jogos envolverem destrezas cognitivas na sua prática. Estas caraterísticas levaram-nos a serem considerados como agentes facilitadores do processo de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática. A capacidade de identificar padrões é igualmente apontada como essencial a este processo, sendo considerada uma capacidade intrínseca à atividade matemática. Neste artigo apresentar-se-ão as etapas essenciais de um estudo conduzido junto de uma amostra de alunos do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico, envolvendo o jogo do Semáforo, bem como as principais conclusões. Como resultados principais do estudo verificámos a existência de uma relação entre a força de jogo e a capacidade de identificar padrões, tendo-se verificado também uma relação entre estas v...

Mobile educational applications encompass some of the most valuable learning tools that have ever been developed. Games for learning are most effective when multiple sessions are involved. Previous research on the use of educational games in mathematics education has focused primarily on the learning potential of these games and has not adequately addressed the continuance use intention of these games. The purpose of this paper is to provide a model for the continuance use intention of mobile mathematical learning games. A mixed method research methodology was employed where qualitative and quantitative data was gathered through surveys and interviews. Sixty children, aged 8 to 12, from selected schools in one of South Africa's provinces, participated in the study. The results indicated that a combination, balance and interplay of the various dimensions of enjoyment and engagement (cognitive, affective and physical) in a mathematical mobile learning game influenced the continuance use intention of learners. The resultant theoretical model could provide educators, parents and educational game designers with an integrated approach that should allow them to design and evaluate specific mathematical mobile learning games for motivational potential.

O presente trabalho trata da importância do uso dos jogos para a aprendizagem de matemática no Ensino Médio, apresentando sugestões práticas de como utilizar os jogos para facilitar o desenvolvimento e o raciocínio lógico dos alunos com dificuldades em aprendizagem. O cubo Mágico é um jogo que de forma dinâmica pode contribuir na aprendizagem matemática do aluno. O objetivo desse trabalho é dinamizar o processo de aprendizagem de matemática através de jogos de raciocínio lógico e desafiar os alunos para provar que os mesmos têm a capacidade de aprender. A matemática é uma disciplina de suma importância em várias situações em nossa vida, se olhar ao nosso redor pode notar sua presença nos contornos, nas formas dos objetos, nas medidas de comprimento,  além de ser usada para medir ou calcular, e utilizado para ensino prático usando jogos com apoio e prática incentivando o aluno a aprender. A metodologia aplicada a esse trabalho deu-se através da adaptação de um cubo mágico com algaris...

The cry for sustainable development in any field of life cannot be achievable without best practices in that enclave. This study examines the relationship between examination mal-practices and student nurses' readiness to learn for sustainable health care in Nigeria. Akwa Ibom State is the study area, The population of the study consisted of all the nursing students in the three senatorial districts (School of Nursing, Ikot Ekpene, School of Nursing, Uyo, School of Nursing, Eket). A sample of 100 students were selected from the population of 550 nursing students using a proportionate sampling technique, which represents 18.18% (100/550*100%). The main instrument used for the study is a researchers-developed questionnaire titled "Examination Malpractices and Students Readiness to Learn Questionnaire (EMSRLQ)". The data collected from the field was processed, coded and analyzed using Regression Analysis for research questions and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to test the hypotheses. In the end, the study found out that there is no significant relationship between students' familiarity with lecturers and readiness to learn in nursing schools in Akwa Ibom State. The study also found out that there is no significant relationship between gratification to lecturers and readiness to learn in nursing schools in Akwa Ibom State. Based on the findings of the study, it is concluded that examination malpractice has a negative relationship with students' readiness to learn. The outcome of the study is that gratification of teachers and familiarity with lecturers have a negative relationship with students' readiness to learn. Teacher-students' relationships while been encouraged to be formal and informal, should always be motivational, inspiring and professional. Where these tenets are not upheld, such relationships are always abused by the students, who may leverage the relationship to solicit for favours instead of inspiration.

The notion of equivalence is a very important concept for students and should be developed from a young age. This article demonstrates how students can deepen their relational understanding of the equals sign by exploring inequalities within a dice game based on familiar children's literature.

Mathematics is an important subject that guides most other matters and still has great relevance in each person's life. Still, its learning is often barred by students who judge it as complicated or tedious. If necessary, a reflection on the need to change the way of teaching Mathematics, stimulating students, and using new strategies and means to bring the student's interest, in the most different realities, into the classroom. This study was carried out seeking to verify if there is difficulty in learning Mathematics for medium school students and aims to bring some alternatives to make classes more attractive, intuitive, and differentiated, proposing the use of games or electronic equipment because the teacher must know how to conduct the course, based on the student's reality, respecting their cultural baggage and social experience, in addition to seeking more current alternatives that are interesting to young people.

It seems that educational system in Nigeria has undergone only quantitative improvement in terms of number of schools and students’ enrolment. However, there has been little effort in respect to the capacity to manage them through provisions of adequate financial, human, material and physical resources. Physical and material resources in secondary schools were discovered to be inadequate and poorly equipped. Some of the secondary school buildings were dilapidated, also the allocated financial resource, teaching and non-teaching staff are grossly inadequate compared with the students’ enrolment. The public, the Ministry of Education and other stakeholders in education are expressing serious concern about the consistency of the poor performance of secondary school students especially in mathematics. Increase in population and the government’s free education programs make people want to take advantage of the education provided. Provision of both professionally qualified and non-qualifi...

Los videojuegos son un medio básico de aprendizaje pues, además de aprovechar las propiedades didácticas de la lúdica, permiten involucrar al jugador de manera natural en situaciones que en la vida real no resultan significativas o sencillas de recrear. El presente trabajo propone el diseño de Aritban, un videojuego educativo, como promotor de un conjunto de estrategias de comparación de fracciones que permitan a los estudiantes fortalecer su noción de tamaño de los números racionales. Asimismo, se reporta una primera experiencia con un grupo de estudiantes de 12 años de edad que mostraron un cambio de estrategias de comparación de fracciones luego de 200 minutos de jugar Aritban.

Arastirmanin amaci ortaokul 5.sinif Fen bilimleri dersi, Canlilar Dunyasini Gezelim ve Taniyalim unitesi icin gelistirilen klasik ve teknolojik destekli oyunlarin derslerde kullanimi sonrasi ogrencilerin oyunlar konusundaki goruslerini ortaya koymak ve bu yas grubu ogrencilerin daha cok ne tur oyunlar oynamaktan hoslandigini tespit etmektir. Olgu bilim deseninde yurutulen calismaya 2014-2015 egitim ogretim yilinda Samsun’da uc farkli okuldan 226 ogrenci katilmistir. Alti haftalik uygulama sonrasi, oyun konusundaki gorusleri belirlemek amaciyla 85 ogrenci ile yari yapilandirilmis gorusme gerceklestirilmistir. Ogrencilerin seciminde maksimum cesitlilik orneklemesi yontemine basvurulmustur. Mulakatta ogrencilerden oyunu tanimlamalari, oyun denildiginde akillarina gelen ilk uc kelimeyi ifade etmeleri istenmis, frekans tablosu elde edilmistir. Ogrencilerin oynamaktan hoslandigi oyunlari belirleyebilmek icin calismaya katilan tum ogrencilere, bir form verilmis, formlardan elde edilen veri...

First-year university students often lack an effective method of study and have little awareness of how to approach the preparation of a university exam in general and of a Calculus exam in particular. In this paper we present some activities designed in order to keep students engaged and help them approach the study of mathematics effectively, improving both their level of satisfaction and their results.

Non-digital games are frequently used to support primary mathematics instruction. Moreover, we know from the literature that to increase the likelihood that a chosen mathematical game is educationally rich it should reflect specific principles, such as offering a balance between skill and luck and ensuring that a key mathematical focus is central to gameplay. However, there is limited research informing us, from a teacher’s perspective, of the specific characteristics of mathematical games that are most indicative of a game’s value for supporting learning, and the likelihood that teachers will use the game with students in the future. To help address this gap, the current study invited 122 educators to complete an on-line questionnaire, including 20 Likert-scale items designed to assess the characteristics of educationally-rich mathematical games (CERMaGs) that aligned with six ‘good practice’ principles previously identified in the literature, in relation to a specific mathematical...

In this paper we describe the contributions made by Margherita Piazzolla Beloch to the field of elementary geometric construction. In particular we examine her solution of the classical Greek problem of doubling the cube via paper folding. The solution was achieved by creating a new fold which in turn enabled Piazzolla Beloch to construct, also by paper folding, the root of any given cubic polynomial.

It is challenging and retrospective to find ICT Polytechnics lagging in the full application of automation in their administrations. This study investigated the effect of automation on manual administration of Ogun State Polytechnics, a study of Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Igbo, Ogun State. The study aimed at examining the effect of automation on manual administration of Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Igbo, Ogun State. It further examined the impacts of automation on AAPoly students' admission. The study made use of primary data where a wellstructured questionnaire containing ten (10) questions was distributed to the staff members in Rectory, Registry, Library and Bursary of the Polytechnic. ANOVA was used to analyse the data collected from the respondents. The finding showed that automation reduces workload and minimizes manpower who are to carry out administrative works. It also revealed that students' admission process would be easy in the application of automation in Polytechnics. The study recommended that the government should implement the policy of applying automation in the manual administration of Polytechnics in Nigeria, train the employees and ensure that application of information communication technology is well funded.

Non-digital games are frequently used to support primary mathematics instruction. Moreover, we know from the literature that to increase the likelihood that a chosen mathematical game is educationally rich it should reflect specific principles, such as offering a balance between skill and luck and ensuring that a key mathematical focus is central to gameplay. However, there is limited research informing us, from a teacher's perspective, of the specific characteristics of mathematical games that are most indicative of a game's value for supporting learning, and the likelihood that teachers will use the game with students in the future. To help address this gap, the current study invited 122 educators to complete an on-line questionnaire, including 20 Likert-scale items designed to assess the characteristics of educationally-rich mathematical games (CERMaGs) that aligned with six 'good practice' principles previously identified in the literature, in relation to a specific mathematical game of their choosing. In total, educators chose a broad range of mathematical games to be evaluated (n = 53). On average, they reported that their chosen game was highly valuable for supporting mathematics learning and that they were very likely to use this game with students if given the opportunity. Our results revealed that the extent to which educators perceived a game to be suitably challenging, engaging, enjoyable, modifiable to support different learners, and transformable into an investigation or broader mathematical inquiry, were particularly important characteristics associated with perceptions of a game's educational value. Similarly, perceived levels of student enjoyment, engagement and a game's potential to lead to a rich mathematical investigation were important characteristics for evaluating the likelihood that an educator would use a particular game in the future with students if given the opportunity, as was the capacity of a game to support mathematical discussion. The implications of these findings for supporting classroom practice and teacher professional learning are discussed.

Teacher is a central factor in any educational system and the job confidence of any teacher goes a long way to boost educational benefits obtained by learners. Investigating into variables that are related to job-confidence to provide empirical information for better educational planning will be worthy effort. Hence the study investigated "Path-Analytic Study of Class, Gender, Qualification, Subject taught, Teacher-Student relationship and Teacher Job Confidence" The study adopted a Descriptive survey research method using path-analytic approach.The population for the study comprises of all the teachers in public secondary schools in the five Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ibadan metropolis in Oyo state, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling was used to select one hundred and fifty (150) teachers from each LGA making a total of seven hundred and fifty (750) teachers, teaching in all the six levels (JS1 to SS3) in secondary schools. The selection cut across various subjects...

This article specifically discusses the sculptured year-number-numeral on the inscriptions of Java in the ‘sengkala’ form. Sengkala is a javanese chronogram. The objective of this research is to expose the use of the early three sengkala lamba to describe the year-number-numeral which is based on a base ten and the place value in East, Central and West Java. Therefore, the year-number which is stated is not in the number and the numeric enunciation so that the year number term is likely more appropriate to be substituted for ‘the year-number-numeral’. This research uses the method of literature which is in the shape of some inscriptions from Java. As a result of this research has been discovered the year-number-numeral accurately uses angkanam vamato gatih principle with base ten and the place value system which uses ten numeric characteristics, including the zero characteristic. The oldest sengkala lamba that has been discovered is from Central Java, describing 654 Saka (732 C.E.) ...

Games have been triggering researcher's interest to verify whether their practice brings benefits to the development of abilities. This interest emerges, probably, from the motivating characteristics of playing in general and from the fact that certain types of games involve cognitive skills during practice. These characteristics took them to be considered facilitating agents of mathematics teaching and learning. The ability to identify patterns is equally viewed as essential to this process, as it is considered as intrinsic to mathematics activity. In this paper we will present the major steps of a study conducted within a sample of primary school students, involving the game 'Traffic Lights', as well as some results. As major results from this study, we have verified the existence of a relationship between strength of play and the ability to identify patterns. We have also verified the existence of a relationship between these variables and the grades obtained on the national exams in mathematics. We have also found that one class subjected to the game systematic practice has differed significantly from the control group.

Bu çalışmada oyunların çocuk gelişiminde etkisini ve matematik dersinde oyunların kullanılmasının etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemi nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum analizi desenidir. Bu araştırmada amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizi nitel bir veri analiz tekniği olan içerik analizi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Elazığ ilinde devlet okullarında görev yapan 10 sınıf öğretmeni ve özel okullarda görev yapan 10 sınıf öğretmeni olmak üzere toplam 20 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacına ve yöntemine uygun olarak alan yazı incelerek görüşme soruları hazırlanmış ve iki alan uzmanı akademisyenin görüşleri alınarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuna son şekli verilmiştir. 20 sınıf öğretmeninin görüşlerinden elde edilen verilerden yola çıkılarak oyunların hem çocukların gelişimini hem de matematik dersini olumlu yönde etkilediği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

The study examined principals' emotional intelligence as well as integrity and their administrative effectiveness in public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom South (Eket), Senatorial District of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two corresponding null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A correlational research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted of 63 school principals and all the 1702 teachers of the public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom South (Eket) Senatorial District. The sample for this study was 340 teachers from the seven LECs selected through the proportional sampling technique which forms 20% of the total number of teachers in each of the LECs. Two research instruments tagged "Principals' Leadership Traits Questionnaire" (PLTQ) and Principals' Administrative Effectiveness Questionnaire (PAEQ)" were used for data collection. The questionnaires were administered and the data generated in this study were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis (PPMC). All the research questions and hypotheses were tested at a .05 level of significance. The results of the study showed that leadership traits of emotional intelligence and integrity of school principals significantly relate to their administrative effectiveness

The study examined principals' emotional intelligence as well as integrity and their administrative effectiveness in public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom South (Eket), Senatorial District of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two corresponding null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A correlational research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted of 63 school principals and all the 1702 teachers of the public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom South (Eket) Senatorial District. The sample for this study was 340 teachers from the seven LECs selected through the proportional sampling technique which forms 20% of the total number of teachers in each of the LECs. Two research instruments tagged "Principals' Leadership Traits Questionnaire" (PLTQ) and Principals' Administrative Effectiveness Questionnaire (PAEQ)" were used for data collection. The questionnaires were administered and the data generated in this study were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis (PPMC). All the research questions and hypotheses were tested at a .05 level of significance. The results of the study showed that leadership traits of emotional intelligence and integrity of school principals significantly relate to their administrative effectiveness

Introduction and training of “Fast Math Tricks” for elementary school students in GMIT Petra Kefamenanu congregation aims to develop students' thinking skills and interest in mathematics. This community service activity is carried out for one month, with a meeting duration of 90 minutes per meeting. Students who take part in the activity are students who are considered capable of participating in the training, come from the sixth grade of elementary schools in the GMIT Petra Kefamenanu congregation. The method of implementing this activity is the method of testing, lecturing, and practice. The activity began with an introduction to "Fast Math Tricks", followed by training on "Fast Math Tricks". With the introduction and training of "Fast Math Tricks", students understand and like mathematics more and will become provisions for students for education at the next level. Student response is very good in implementing activities because "Fast Math T...