Management Economic

Purpose of the Study: To explore the effect of Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs) on rural women's livelihoods in Kassena Nankana Municipal. The study sought to determine the modalities of VSLAs, assess the level of support women groups receive from VSLAs, and describe how village savings and loan activities impact the livelihoods of women. Statement of the Problem: Fighting poverty has been a major agenda of many institutions in Ghana to improve the welfare of the people. Several interventions have been implemented to reduce or eradicate poverty and improve the livelihoods of the rural populace. One such program is Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs). Despite their potential benefits, there is a need for a deeper understanding of how VSLAs specifically impact rural women's livelihoods, the level of support they provide, and the overall effectiveness of these groups in improving socioeconomic conditions. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive research design and utilized a mixed research approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. A sample of 120 respondents was selected using simple random sampling for VSLAs communities and groups. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. The data were processed using IBM SPSS software version 20 and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with results presented in percentages, graphs, charts, and tabulations. Findings: The study revealed that VSLAs had an average membership of 25, bringing community members together and empowering them. VSLAs, composed of small groups of 15-50 members, mobilize savings, provide loans, and maintain a small insurance fund for emergencies. The management of VSLAs includes a wellstructured committee with elected positions. VSLAs significantly improved rural women's livelihoods by providing access to social capital, human capital, and physical assets. However, challenges such as the need for stronger linkages with key stakeholders and support from district assemblies were identified. Recommendations: To enhance the performance of VSLAs, the study recommends the need for strong linkages between VSLA members and key stakeholders, district assemblies to consider creating new VSLAs and support existing ones, and committing resources to monitor, evaluate, and learn from the activities of VSLAs. These measures aim to improve the socioeconomic conditions of rural women in the Kassena Nankana Municipality by ensuring effective and sustainable operations of VSLAs

This study aims to assess the financial performance of companies in the Heavy Construction and Civil Engineering subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period of 2021 to 2023 using a value-based approach, namely Economic Value Added (EVA), Market Value Added (MVA), and Financial Value Added (FVA). The data were obtained from the financial statements of 10 companies selected through purposive sampling. The analysis revealed that 8 out of the 10 companies recorded positive EVA, with an industry average of IDR 208.85 billion. In contrast, only 3 companies showed positive MVA, while the overall industry average for MVA remained negative at approximately IDR (1.93 trillion). All sampled companies reported positive FVA, with an average value of IDR 1.09 trillion. These findings suggest that while the firms are able to create economic and financial value, they continue to face challenges in building or maintaining market trust

The removal of fuel subsidies in Nigeria has been a contentious issue, with some experts believing that it will liberate much-needed resources and others arguing that it will increase poverty. This study assessed the implications of fuel subsidies removal for Nigeria's long-term growth. The goal of this study was to examine the ramifications of removal fuel subsidies and their possible role in encouraging sustainable development; and thereby, add to the ongoing policy debate by assessing the economic impacts of removal fuel subsidies. The study applied exploratory research design and relied mainly on qualitative method of data collection. Secondary data were analyzed by means of qualitative content analysis. Human capital theory served as the theoretical framework of the study. The study revealed that removal of fuel subsidies has direct economic consequences, including inflationary pressures, fiscal sustainability, debt reduction, increase poverty and vulnerability, as well as protest and social unrest; and recommends that government should ensure transparency and accountability in the management of funds saved from subsidy removal. The study also recommends that government should prioritize tackling widespread hunger, increasing unemployment, and declining standard of living.

The results of this study indicate profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value, solvency does not have a significant effect on firm value, liquidity has a positive and significant effect on firm value. Simultaneously profitability, solvency and liquidity affect the firm value.

The rapid development of science and technology in the digital era, affects people's lifestyles when accessing a lot of information in various service functions through electronic means. Banks utilize information technology in mobile banking. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of perceived benefits, perceived ease of use, and security on Millennial Generation customers' interest in using BNI Mobile Banking through customer trust as an intervening variable. The research method uses primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to 100 millennial generations who have used BNI Mobile Banking in Jabodetabek. The analytical tools used are validity test, reliability test, R-square test, path coefficient test, indirect effect (path analysis), predictive relevance, and model suitability test. The results showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and security had an effect on intention to use through customer trust in BNI Mobile B...

The rapid development of science and technology in the digital era, affects people's lifestyles when accessing a lot of information in various service functions through electronic means. Banks utilize information technology in mobile banking. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of perceived benefits, perceived ease of use, and security on Millennial Generation customers' interest in using BNI Mobile Banking through customer trust as an intervening variable. The research method uses primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to 100 millennial generations who have used BNI Mobile Banking in Jabodetabek. The analytical tools used are validity test, reliability test, R-square test, path coefficient test, indirect effect (path analysis), predictive relevance, and model suitability test. The results showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and security had an effect on intention to use through customer trust in BNI Mobile B...

This study aimed to determine the effect of work discipline and work motivation on the productivity of nurses in the inpatient unit at RSIA Buah Hati Pamulang, either partially or simultaneously. The method used is quantitative. The sampling technique used the Slovin method, and the sample obtained in this study amounted to 55 respondents. Data analysis using validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination analysis, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study show that Work Discipline and Work Motivation significantly affect Work Productivity with the regression equation Y = 9,600 + 0,382X1 + 0,385X2. The correlation value of 0.601 means that the independent and dependent variables have a strong relationship level. The value of the coefficient of determination is 36.1%, while other factors influence the remaining 63.9%. The hypothesis test obtained a value of F arithmetic > F table or (14,671 > 2,780). Thus, H0 is rejected, and H3 is accepted. This means there is a simultaneous significant influence between Work Discipline and Work Motivation on Work Productivity.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of product quality, service quality, price, and trust on purchasing decisions either partially or simultaneously and to determine the variables are the most dominant on purchasing decisions on ShopeeFood in Bogor. The method of analysis in this study used a purposive sampling technique with data collection methods using questionnaires and the sample used 100 respondents. This study is a quantitative data types. The data analysis methods used are instrument test (validity test and reliability test), classical assumption test (normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test), multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, and the coefficient of determination with statistical test using SPSS 25. The results of this study showed that in partially variables of product quality, service quality, price, and trust have a positive impact and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Meanwhile, variables of product quality, service quality, price, and trust simultaneously have a significant effect on purchasing decisions using ShopeeFood. And in this study, the most dominant independent variable on purchasing decisions is the price variable.

This study aims to measure the company's financial performance by using the Du Pont System at PT. Aneka Tambang (Persero) During the Pandemic and Before the Covid-19 Pandemic. The method used in this study is the Du Pont System method using the ratio Net Profit Margin (NPM), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), Return On Invesment (ROI), Equity Multyplier (EM), dan Return On Equity (ROE) from secondary data obtained from www.antam.com/ which is the official site of PT. Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk. Based on the results of calculations using Du Pont System shows that financial performance PT. Aneka Tambang (Persero) During the Pandemic and Before the Covid-19 Pandemic, it was considered not good because ROE which has decreased. ROE which decreased due to the value of ROI which decreased by 2,78% and the decreasing EM value by 0,08 time. ROI which decreased due to the decreasing NPM value and the decreasing TATO value by 0,22 time. While the declining value of EM is due to the fact that the company is less than optimal in generating total assets from total equity. In this case, the higher the value of Equity Multiplier the more external funds or debt the company uses to fund company activities.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of product quality, service quality, price, and trust on purchasing decisions either partially or simultaneously and to determine the variables are the most dominant on purchasing decisions on ShopeeFood in Bogor. The method of analysis in this study used a purposive sampling technique with data collection methods using questionnaires and the sample used 100 respondents. This study is a quantitative data types. The data analysis methods used are instrument test (validity test and reliability test), classical assumption test (normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test), multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, and the coefficient of determination with statistical test using SPSS 25. The results of this study showed that in partially variables of product quality, service quality, price, and trust have a positive impact and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Meanwhile, variables of product ...

This study aims to measure the company's financial performance by using the Du Pont System at PT. Aneka Tambang (Persero) During the Pandemic and Before the Covid-19 Pandemic. The method used in this study is the Du Pont System method using the ratio Net Profit Margin (NPM), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), Return On Invesment (ROI), Equity Multyplier (EM), dan Return On Equity (ROE) from secondary data obtained from www.antam.com/ which is the official site of PT. Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk. Based on the results of calculations using Du Pont System shows that financial performance PT. Aneka Tambang (Persero) During the Pandemic and Before the Covid-19 Pandemic, it was considered not good because ROE which has decreased. ROE which decreased due to the value of ROI which decreased by 2,78% and the decreasing EM value by 0,08 time. ROI which decreased due to the decreasing NPM value and the decreasing TATO value by 0,22 time. While the declining value of EM is due to the fact that t...

The rapid development of science and technology in the digital era, affects people's lifestyles when accessing a lot of information in various service functions through electronic means. Banks utilize information technology in mobile banking. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of perceived benefits, perceived ease of use, and security on Millennial Generation customers' interest in using BNI Mobile Banking through customer trust as an intervening variable. The research method uses primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to 100 millennial generations who have used BNI Mobile Banking in Jabodetabek. The analytical tools used are validity test, reliability test, R-square test, path coefficient test, indirect effect (path analysis), predictive relevance, and model suitability test. The results showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and security had an effect on intention to use through customer trust in BNI Mobile B...

Financial literacy plays an important role in influencing financial behavior and knowledge of individuals. In this study, the impact of informal financial literacy training on rural smallholder farmers was assessed. Propensity score matching approach was used to assess training effects on distinct dimensions of financial knowledge. The study used a sample of farmers who are members of village savings and loans associations. Findings indicate higher scores (70.6% for training beneficiaries and 68.5% for the control group) in financial goals and the lowest scores (48.0% for training beneficiaries and 43.0% for control group) in planning and managing finances. Although the descriptive statistics show higher scores for the trained farmers, overall financial literacy scores in the different dimensions for trained farmers were not significantly different from those that were not trained. The result was attributed to spillover effects through networks given the period between training and evaluation. More financial education programs could be useful to empower communities with knowledge for informed financial decision making.

The rapid development of science and technology in the digital era, affects people's lifestyles when accessing a lot of information in various service functions through electronic means. Banks utilize information technology in mobile banking. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of perceived benefits, perceived ease of use, and security on Millennial Generation customers' interest in using BNI Mobile Banking through customer trust as an intervening variable. The research method uses primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to 100 millennial generations who have used BNI Mobile Banking in Jabodetabek. The analytical tools used are validity test, reliability test, R-square test, path coefficient test, indirect effect (path analysis), predictive relevance, and model suitability test. The results showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and security had an effect on intention to use through customer trust in BNI Mobile B...

Macroeconomics has an influence on stock prices, namely economic growth, inflation, and the exchange rate. Therefore, investors must consider these factors before investing in order to find out how much risk will be borne by the price of shares obtained for investors. This study aims to determine the effect of macroeconomics on LQ45 stock prices. This research uses quantitative methods. The population in this study are all companies listed in the LQ45 index. The sample research technique is using saturated samples. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The partial results of the study indicate that the rate of economic growth includes a significant value of 0.446> 0.05, meaning that the rate of economic growth has no effect on stock prices. Significant value of inflation 0.262> 0.05 means that inflation has no effect on stock prices. While the significant exchange rate 0.049 <0.05 means that the exchange rate has a significant effect on stock pri...

The Turkish Statistical Institute announced a new GDP series in Turkey at end-2016, which produced a remarkable upward revision in real GDP growth during the 2009-2015 period. The divergence between the old and the new series also pointed to a higher potential output, bringing the possibility that the deviation of output from its potential, i.e. the output gap has changed in the meantime. This necessitated the re-estimation of some indicators, the measurement of which is based on GDP, potential output and the output gap. Natural interest rate is one such important indicator that is used to assess the monetary policy stance, yet it is unobservable. Hence, this paper measures the natural interest rate for the Turkish economy using the new GDP series by applying extended Kalman filter to an unobserved components model in a state-space form. In order to determine how natural interest rate is affected by the GDP revision, natural interest rate is also estimated by using the old GDP serie...

Would have ever thought Rudolf Diesel and Henry Ford that a day will come when fuel will be extracted from algae? What would Diesel say when hearing about biodiesel or green diesel? Or would Ford say "I told you so" when discovering that ethanol became a reliable fuel? We would be proud to tell them how many efforts have been made and how many scientists and researchers dedicated their work to biofuels. The present paper makes an introduction into the biofuels' field and tries to answer the question raised in the title by providing a genuine configuration of biofuels generations and supporting evidence of their trends which will help both Ford and Diesel catch up with progress. By their nature, biofuels remain a large debated subject, a useful tool for tackling energy questions and a growing alternative to be explored in more depth.

Financial literacy plays an important role in influencing financial behavior and knowledge of individuals. In this study, the impact of informal financial literacy training on rural smallholder farmers was assessed. Propensity score matching approach was used to assess training effects on distinct dimensions of financial knowledge. The study used a sample of farmers who are members of village savings and loans associations. Findings indicate higher scores (70.6% for training beneficiaries and 68.5% for the control group) in financial goals and the lowest scores (48.0% for training beneficiaries and 43.0% for control group) in planning and managing finances. Although the descriptive statistics show higher scores for the trained farmers, overall financial literacy scores in the different dimensions for trained farmers were not significantly different from those that were not trained. The result was attributed to spillover effects through networks given the period between training and evaluation. More financial education programs could be useful to empower communities with knowledge for informed financial decision making.

This study aims to discover the role of the brand equity in the process to achieving the brand loyalty from customer perspective, which is represented the dominant perspective and favored by the majority of academics and practitioners in Marketing Research, This research was focused on the study of customer-based brand equity of the opinions of customers' sample of Vodafone. The research sample included (100) customer which refers to how responsive customer to Vodafone brand. The authors examined all the variables of the questionnaire by using (factor analysis). The study is showed the role of this perspective in satisfying the desires of customers, and revealed a number of conclusions that refers the importance of the brand equity to the customers in creating brand loyalty.

The COVID-19 pandemic came as a shock to the global economy and its impact was well felt. However, it came with the possibility of implementing structural policies and reforms. The pandemic slowed down economic activities in the global market and translated into crashed oil prices, which gave room for reforms such as subsidy removal. Nigeria maximized the opportunity to remove the full subsidy on petroleum products, especially Premium Motor Spirit (PMS). But the possibility was not last enough for the populace to enjoy. COVID-19 pandemic and its consequence on oil price had affected the Nigerian economy by ways of fiscal constraint, loss of revenue, the exit of businesses in the market, job cuts and soaring unemployment rate. Exchange rate fluctuation is prevalent, the inflation rate is on the rise and thereby, poverty incidence has increased. In cushioning the effect of the pandemic, governments at all levels, religious bodies, businesses and individuals donated towards the fight a...

The purpose of this study is to explain and analyze the effect of Customer Experience, Customer Trust and Customer Loyalty on BCA Mobile banking customers. The research methodology used is a quantitative approach. I used Mobile Banking BCA users for the sample as many as 100 respondents. The data collection instrument used primary data obtained by using a questionnaire. The analytical data in this study are using Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, Linearity Test, Multicollinearity Test, Multiple Linear Regression Test, T Test, Coefficient of Determination Test (R2), F Test with the help of SPSS version 24. The results of this study indicated that partially and simultaneously Experience, Trust and Customers have a significant and joint effect on BCA Mobile Banking Customer Loyalty. However, Customer Experience has an influence on Customer Loyalty but they has a negative direction too, while the one with the strongest influence is a customer with...

The purpose of this study was to examine the theoretical basis in an effort to build the competitiveness of the banking services industry, particularly in terms of customer satisfaction and loyalty. This type of research uses explanatory research. The sampling method used a non-probability sampling, used purposive sampling technique that has become a customer for two years, used questionnaires to 100 respondents in Bandung bank customers. Measurement validity uses confirmatory factor analysis, while test reliability is calculated by Cronbach Alpha method. Analysis to test the hypothesis uses the path analysis. The findings illustrate a clear pattern of the dimensions of customer relationship marketing, satisfaction effect built, and several important findings including empirical verification mediating role overall customer satisfaction in the formation of loyalty attributes.

The COVID-19 pandemic came as a shock to the global economy and its impact was well felt. However, it came with the possibility of implementing structural policies and reforms. The pandemic slowed down economic activities in the global market and translated into crashed oil prices, which gave room for reforms such as subsidy removal. Nigeria maximized the opportunity to remove the full subsidy on petroleum products, especially Premium Motor Spirit (PMS). But the possibility was not last enough for the populace to enjoy. COVID-19 pandemic and its consequence on oil price had affected the Nigerian economy by ways of fiscal constraint, loss of revenue, the exit of businesses in the market, job cuts and soaring unemployment rate. Exchange rate fluctuation is prevalent, the inflation rate is on the rise and thereby, poverty incidence has increased. In cushioning the effect of the pandemic, governments at all levels, religious bodies, businesses and individuals donated towards the fight a...

Would have ever thought Rudolf Diesel and Henry Ford that a day will come when fuel will be extracted from algae? What would Diesel say when hearing about biodiesel or green diesel? Or would Ford say "I told you so" when discovering that ethanol became a reliable fuel? We would be proud to tell them how many efforts have been made and how many scientists and researchers dedicated their work to biofuels. The present paper makes an introduction into the biofuels' field and tries to answer the question raised in the title by providing a genuine configuration of biofuels generations and supporting evidence of their trends which will help both Ford and Diesel catch up with progress. By their nature, biofuels remain a large debated subject, a useful tool for tackling energy questions and a growing alternative to be explored in more depth.

Financial performance reflects the company's ability to manage its financial soundness level during a certain period. The purpose of this study is to determine the measurement of the financial performance of PT Mayora Indah Tbk for the 2019 – 2021 period using the Economic Value Added (EVA), Market Value Added (MVA), and Financial Value Added (FVA) methods. Data collection techniques used, namely the study of literature and study of documentation. The type of data used is secondary data sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website and the company's official website. The results of the study show that the financial performance of PT Mayora Indah Tbk for the 2019 – 2021 period using the EVA method has a positive value (EVA > 0), which means that the company's management has succeeded in creating economic added value for the company. Then the MVA method also has a positive value (MVA > 0), which means the company is able to increase the value of the capital inves...

Mobile money is increasingly promoted as a strategy to improve financial outcomes and livelihoods in low-income countries. However, its adoption and use among the poor remains low. We exploited a randomized experiment that exposed members of Village Savings and Loan Associations in Malawi to a financial-literacy and mobile-money training program, which was reinforced by weekly text-message reminders. We analyzed the impact of our intervention using survey data collected in the field as well as administrative data from the main telecommunications operators in the area. We found that treated individuals were more likely to have greater knowledge of mobile-money transactions than non-treated ones. They were also more likely to report receiving and saving money using mobile money and were more likely to report that they kept their savings in a formal financial institution. Interestingly, these effects were concentrated in relatively less economically developed areas. We used administrative data to analyze the effects of our intervention on the volume of mobile-money transactions. While the estimated effect had the expected positive sign, it was not statistically significant. We hypothesized that this result may be related to the fact that individuals also relied on local agents to perform mobile-money transactions; such behavior was not captured in administrative data. This is among the first studies to provide rigorous field-based evidence regarding how financial training supported by text-message reminders can influence mobile-money behavior. It is also among the very first to study the effects of such an intervention among members of Village Savings and Loan Associations.

Organic farming is a natural method of cultivation of farms. It improves soil fertility, environment, health of animals and human being. Due to green revolution and commercialisation of agriculture, farmers have focused more on yield and output of all crops. Farmers are using chemical fertilisers and pesticides for high yields, big size, good shape and colour of fruits, grains and vegetables. The aim of this study is to understand effect of chemical fertilisers on the crops, surrounding environment, soil fertility, health of animals and people in Pune district. The present study finds that the farmers of Pune district are using dung, poultry manure and chemical fertilisers. Those farmers are using the poultry manure have more physical and animal assets, land holding, irrigation facilities, expenditure on health, education, income and education and experience of farmers. The multinomial logit regression result shows that those farmers are using the chemical fertilisers have less education, age, irrigated land. Women are less educated in such families. The use of chemical fertilisers have adverse effect on soil fertility, soil layers', health of people and animals in district. Therefore, present study suggests to reduce the use of the chemical fertilisers for commercial crops. The state and central government, NGO's, researchers and organisations must come together to manage and form a policy to reduce the chemical fertilisers use and increase the use of organic pesticides, fertilisers. Women's education can play significant role in reducing the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides in state. The availability of more credit facilities through banks, awareness through media, exports and domestic markets for organic products and encouragement to farmers to produce only organic products will help in this direction. In order to protect soil fertility, environment, water and air such policies are urgently required in India. For sustainable agriculture and economic growth, organic farming is most important.

This study examines and evaluates the constructs of service quality, website quality, institutional image, marketing mix, student satisfaction, student loyalty and competitive advantage based on structural equation modeling. This research model illustrates that each construct has a performance value and importance to competitive advantage. The test of this model uses a sample of 932 active student respondents at private universities with a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis using structural equation modeling and importance-performance map analysis, test analysis tool with SmartPLS. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the quality of the website has a low importance and performance value on competitive advantage compared to other variables.

Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs), have the aim of reducing poverty and creating assets to rural dwellers who have limited access to formal finance due to high collateral requirements. However, since the implementation of VSLAs in the Garu and Tempane districts for over a decade, there is inadequate evidence as to the impact of VSLAs on the lives of the participants. Not only that, there is the need to find out the current and anticipated challenges faced by the participants in the program. This study analyzed the effect of VSLAs on the income of households in Garu and Tempane districts. Data was collected from 100 respondents, 50 direct beneficiaries and 50 non beneficiaries from 3 and 2 communities in Garu and Tempane districts respectively. A Heckman treatment effect model was used to analyze the determinants of participation and the effect of participation on income. The results showed that participants of the VSLA program had an annual income of about GH₵ 2016.60 m...

This study aims to present empirical evidence on the relative importance of supply and demand-side factors in determining the fluctuations in the general level of prices in the Turkish economy. The employed strategy uses the view that supply and demand pressures can be distinguished from each other depending on the direction of their effects on price and quantity. After classifying the related economic variables as supply, demand, and common factors, the main determinants of domestic supply and demand were estimated econometrically using sample data from 2003:1–2021:4, and their relative contribution to inflation was calculated. By using these basic determinants, the estimated structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model shows that the pressures arising from the supply side are more dominant than the pressures of the demand side on the inflationary process in Turkey. The results indicate that the methodology suggested in this study will be useful in separating the factors that cont...

Background: Lack of economic opportunities and good financial behaviour among women in rural areas are still far-reaching problems. Financial literacy performance has become more critical in supporting women empowerment especially in rural areas. Methodology: This study investigates how economic factors and financial behaviour influence financial literacy performance among rural women in Uganda: a case study of Luweero district. Using a multi-stage sampling strategy with a cross-sectional quantitative research design, a sample of 150 rural women subsistence farmers who are also operating small businesses was selected. Multiple linear regression models were used to predict on average the expected financial literacy performances among rural women. Results: Among the economic factors, on average women who were educated, own businesses and had ever received financial literacy training, and belonged to a village savings and loan association were expected to have financial literacy perfor...

This study examines and evaluates the constructs of service quality, website quality, institutional image, marketing mix, student satisfaction, student loyalty and competitive advantage based on structural equation modeling. This research model illustrates that each construct has a performance value and importance to competitive advantage. The test of this model uses a sample of 932 active student respondents at private universities with a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis using structural equation modeling and importance-performance map analysis, test analysis tool with SmartPLS. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the quality of the website has a low importance and performance value on competitive advantage compared to other variables.

Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs), have the aim of reducing poverty and creating assets to rural dwellers who have limited access to formal finance due to high collateral requirements. However, since the implementation of VSLAs in the Garu and Tempane districts for over a decade, there is inadequate evidence as to the impact of VSLAs on the lives of the participants. Not only that, there is the need to find out the current and anticipated challenges faced by the participants in the program. This study analyzed the effect of VSLAs on the income of households in Garu and Tempane districts. Data was collected from 100 respondents, 50 direct beneficiaries and 50 non beneficiaries from 3 and 2 communities in Garu and Tempane districts respectively. A Heckman treatment effect model was used to analyze the determinants of participation and the effect of participation on income. The results showed that participants of the VSLA program had an annual income of about GH₵ 2016.60 m...

The purpose of this study is to explain and analyze the effect of Customer Experience, Customer Trust and Customer Loyalty on BCA Mobile banking customers. The research methodology used is a quantitative approach. I used Mobile Banking BCA users for the sample as many as 100 respondents. The data collection instrument used primary data obtained by using a questionnaire. The analytical data in this study are using Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, Linearity Test, Multicollinearity Test, Multiple Linear Regression Test, T Test, Coefficient of Determination Test (R2), F Test with the help of SPSS version 24. The results of this study indicated that partially and simultaneously Experience, Trust and Customers have a significant and joint effect on BCA Mobile Banking Customer Loyalty. However, Customer Experience has an influence on Customer Loyalty but they has a negative direction too, while the one with the strongest influence is a customer with...

This study aims to discover the role of the brand equity in the process to achieving the brand loyalty from customer perspective, which is represented the dominant perspective and favored by the majority of academics and practitioners in Marketing Research, This research was focused on the study of customer-based brand equity of the opinions of customers' sample of Vodafone. The research sample included (100) customer which refers to how responsive customer to Vodafone brand. The authors examined all the variables of the questionnaire by using (factor analysis). The study is showed the role of this perspective in satisfying the desires of customers, and revealed a number of conclusions that refers the importance of the brand equity to the customers in creating brand loyalty.

In this paper we examined how participation in savings groups like the Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs) influence women’s agency in rural Ghana, i.e. their ability to freely participate in group activities and act on other issues and matters that affect them. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from VSLA and nonVSLA members to compare the effect between participants and nonparticipants. We used three dimensions of agency adapted from the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) to assess female agency: women’s participation and decision making in groups; women’s comfort with public speaking; and women’s decision making in their households. A significant finding of this study is that VSLA membership has enhanced the agency of female participants as they are more economically and socially active and can act on their own compared to women who did not use the savings group.

P* inflation model based on conventional equation of exchange is examined in this study. The developed model was forecasted through using monthly data obtained from Turkey implementation over the period from January 2002 to December 2014 and results supporting P* inflation model were obtained in general. The forecasted model was largely conformed with data used for various lag structures, ranging from 1 month to 24 months, while simulation results showed that P* inflation model can be used with early warning purpose. It can be pointed out that the developed P* model produces more reliable results for the explanation of short-run inflationary dynamics. It also shows us that structural factors should be taken into account for long-run analysis in order to make more realistic forecasts of inflation in Turkey

In the contemporary world, art associated with advanced technologies has been the source of a powerful economic stream, labeled as "creative economy" in the world literature. The theory of the components of the creative class creates creativity, economic value, and this creativity, which is the basis of their existence, can be divided into the supernatural core and creative skills. The idea of ​​a creative city expresses the role of art and culture. The boom of the art economy will not only develop art, but also with the advent of art into social and cultural life, other sectors, such as industry, education, and urbanization will also be developed. Cinema is the most entertaining artistic part, except for the sale of films with many economic elements from the sale of various products to the marketing and the cycle of explaining the show and .... Selling videos to other parts of the world can also help the mobility of the creative economy. Cinema has become a major pillar o...

P* inflation model based on conventional equation of exchange is examined in this study. The developed model was forecasted through using monthly data obtained from Turkey implementation over the period from January 2002 to December 2014 and results supporting P* inflation model were obtained in general. The forecasted model was largely conformed with data used for various lag structures, ranging from 1 month to 24 months, while simulation results showed that P* inflation model can be used with early warning purpose. It can be pointed out that the developed P* model produces more reliable results for the explanation of short-run inflationary dynamics. It also shows us that structural factors should be taken into account for long-run analysis in order to make more realistic forecasts of inflation in Turkey

The study investigated the contribution of ziika women integrated development association (zwida) as a village savings and loan association (vsla) towards the financial inclusion of women in ziika community, wakiso district in uganda. Zwida is an evolution of a small women association established way back in 2001 with an objective of supporting and promoting the enhancement of community household incomes and related sustainability through mobilizing community savings. The study was guided by three objectives: to establish the types of products and services offered by zwida; to establish the requirements for accessing the products and services offered by zwida, and to investigate how the products and services are used as a tool for the financial inclusion of the members of zwida. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews. A total of 52 respondents participated in the study. Data was analyzed using frequencies and percentages alongside themes and narrations.  The study fo...

Within the modern monetary policy regimes, the inflationary pressures are, generally, approximated by the excessive demand that generate pressures on the fixed production capacity resulting in a change of prices. This excessive demand is estimated as the deviation of the level of the economic activity, reflected by a series of macroeconomic indicators, from its equilibrium one which is determined using different univariate or multivariate methods. However, an alternative approach which could provide information about the medium term inflationary pressures in an economy is the information about the monetary indicators. In this regard, it is necessary to estimate an equilibrium level of prices which is related to an equilibrium level of production and monetary indicators. Over the medium term, the deviation of the actual level of prices from the equilibrium one will tend to close which will result in inflation. The calculation of the equilibrium level of prices needs to be adjusted in case of a small open economy taking into consideration the macroeconomic indicators of its major trading partners.